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題名 研究機構進行技術移轉之影響因素的探討_以工業技術研究院為例
A Study of Critical Factors in Technology Transferring Conducted by Research Institution _ ITRI as an Example
作者 董振坤
貢獻者 吳豐祥
董振坤
關鍵詞 技術移轉
研究機構
技術商業化
新產品開發
成功關鍵因素
technology transferring
research institution
technology commercialization
new product development
critical success factor
日期 2012
上傳時間 30-Oct-2012 14:21:01 (UTC+8)
摘要 在經濟全球化的後金融危機時代中，技術財產權的交易對於推動產業升級，推動新產品及市場發展和進一步推動技術移轉成對現實生產力仍然具有重要市場貢獻的實際意義。不斷豐富技術財產權交易的商業化方法及流程後充分發揮技術財產權交易在市場的領先及先發地位。本研究著重在技術移轉的成功關鍵因素之研究，所以會同時考量到技術應用、市場需求及供應鏈等方面的議題。另外，政府研究機構與企業間的技術移轉對其本身經營成效均是相當重要。對企業而言，此類型的技術移轉已成為其獲取新型技術的重要來源。對政府研究機構而言，政府研發投資的成效係決定於研發成果能否有效地移轉廠商。本研究主要以研究機構之一工業技術研究院技術移轉為主。研究對研究機構及企業而言，進行技術移轉的主要關鍵成功因素為何?研究有以下四個發現;(1)技術移轉業務牽涉層面廣泛、涵蓋多樣專業，包括技術、法律、管理、財務等，宜達到認知一致及雙方資訊回饋的情形下，一定要和對方保持在高頻率溝通。(2)技術移轉需要整合各方資源，所以為了使技術移轉時技術接受者方的技術達到同一個技術水平的情況下，研究機構應為對方隨時準備。(3)雙方背景的懸殊，會影響技術移轉績效;研究機構在避免開發出不符合市場競爭力的商品的情況下，研究機構應一開始就著手彌補這差異。(4)市場變化多端，建議甚至技術移轉期後，仍然應強化後續與企業在技術商品化的互動來因應市場在不同階段的變化。






關鍵字： 技術移轉、研究機構、技術商業化、新產品開發、成功關鍵因素。
In the age of post global economy financial crisis, trading of intellectual properties still have real meanings to the market in pushing new products, developing new markets and further pushing technology transfer into producible. After continuous refining IP trading methodologies and processes, business entities will become leaders in their markets.
This research will focus on success factor in technology transfer with topics in technology applications, market demand and supply chains. Moreover, we will discuss important factors in technology transfer between government research institutions and private enterprises. For private enterprises, it is an important source of obtaining new technology. For government research institutions, performance of the government research investment is determined by whether the result of research and development can be successfully transferred to private enterprises. In this research, we will be mainly discussing technology from Industrial Technology Research Institute in Taiwan.
In this research, the author will discuss four main findings in key successful factors in technology transfer between the government research institution and private enterprises.
(1) Technology transfer is very involved in many aspect of business including research and development, law, management and finance, etc. It is best to keep good communication between both entities to reach a common consensus and to keep good feedback.
(2) Resources from both entities have to be integrated in the process of technology transfer. Therefore, the research institution have to be prepared to have a plan of support for private enterprises to reach the same technology level.
(3) Difference in background knowledge between both entities will have impact in technology transfer performance. In the beginning, the research institution have to prepare to remedy this difference in recognition to prevent developing a product that is not competitive in the market.
(4) Market changes fast. The research institution should reinforce interaction between itself and private enterprises in technology commoditization and responds to difference phase of product development and market development.








keyword : technology transferring, research institution, technology commercialization, new product development, critical success factor.
參考文獻 參考文獻
中文部份

1. 丁鏗升(1999)，「技術移轉模式、技術互動與移轉績效關係之研究-以半導體產業為例」;長榮學報，長榮管理學院。
2. 林芳毅（1996），「研究機構技術移轉至民間企業之效率評估_以冷凍空調技術為例」，交通大學科技管理研究所碩士論文。
3. 袁方(編)。(2002):<<社會研究方法>>。臺北:五南。
4. 陳怡之，郭明宗(1999)，「智慧財產權之衍生利用-技術商業化問題之研究」。智慧財產權創刊號：182-192。
5. 曾信超、王文賢(1993)。「研究機構技術移轉之探討_以工研院為例」，促進產業升級學術研討會論文集，中山大學。
6. 蔡忠育(1995)，「技術接受者涉入與技術移轉績效之關係」;中華民國科技管理研討會。
7. 劉常勇 (1993)，「工業科技最適移轉模式之研究」，國科會專題計畫研究成果報告，NSC82-0301-H-110-008。
8. 鍾小琴(2002)，「技術收授雙方互動機制對國際技術移轉績效影響之研究_以台商赴大陸投資為例」，中國文化大學國際企業管理研究所未出版之碩士論文。

英文部份

1. Adoutte, R. (1989). “High Technology as a Commercial Asset,” International Journal of Technology Management, Vol.44, pp.397-460.
2. Ansoff, H.I. & Stewart,J.M.(1967)," Strategies for a Technology Based Business", Harvard Business Review, Vol.45(6), pp.71-83.
3. Autio, E. & Laamanen, T. (1995) . “Measurement and Evaluation of Technology Transfer： Review of Technology Transfer Mechanisms and Indicators,” International Journal of Technology Management, 10(7/8).
4. Barczak, G. (1995)."New Product Strategy, Structure, Process, and Performance in the Telecommunications Industry, "Journal of Product Innovation management, Vol.12(2), pp.224-234.
5. Branson, J. (1966) . “Transfer Technology Knowledge by International Corporation to Developing Countries,” American Economics Review, 259-267.
6. Booz, Allen & Hamilton. (1982). New Product Management for the 1980’s, NY: Booz, Allen and Hamilton..
7. Cooper, R. G. & Lybrand Consulting Group (1985). Business Planning in the Eighties： The New Marketing Shape of North American Corporations ,New York： Corgers & Lybrand/ Yankelovich, Skelly & White.
8. Cooper, R. G. (1990). “Stage-Gate System： A New Tool for Managing New Products.” Business Horizons, May/Jun, pp.44-54.
9. Cooper, Robert G. & Edgett, Scott J. (2003). “Overcoming the Crunch in Resources for New Product Development". Research-Technology Management, Vol.46(3), pp.48-58.
10. Cooper, R. G. & Kleinschmidt, E. J.(1986),"An Investigation Into the New Product Process: Steps, Deficiencies and Impact, "Journal of Product Innovation Management, Vol.3., No.2, pp.71-85.
11. Cooper, R. G. & Kleinschmidt, E. J.(1995). "Benchmarking firms", Engineering Management Review, Vol.23, No.3
12. Crawford, C.M. (1994). New Products Management, 4th Editions, Irwin.
13. Djeflat, A. (1988). “The Management of Technology Transfer： Views and Experiences of Developing Countries,” International Journal of Technology Management, 3(1/2), 49-165.
14. Eldin, H. K. (1982) . “Problem of Technology Transfer to Developing Countries,” 2nd International Conference for TT. Caivo, Egypt, May 14-18, Publish Conference Proceeding.
15. Franza Richard, M. & Grant Kevin, P. (2006). "Improving Federal to private Sector Technology Transfer", Research Technology Management, Vol 49,No. 3, pp.36-40
16. Friar, J., & Horwitch, M. (1986). The Emergence of Technology in the Modern Corporation： A Strategic Perspective. New York： Pergamon.
17. Gobeli, D.H. & Brown, D.J.(1987),"Analyzing Product Innovations`.", Research Management; Vol.30,No.4, pp. 25-31.
18. Hagedoorn, J. (1990).”Organizational Modes of Interfirm Cooperation and Technology Transfer,” Technovation, Vol.10, No.1, pp.17-30
19. Hayden, E. W. (1976) . Technology Transfer to the Soviet, MSU Business Topics.
20. Hawthorne, E.P.(1978). The Management of Technology, London： Mcgraw-Hill book Company.
21. Henderson, R.M. & Clark, K.B. (1990),"Architectural Innovation: The Reconfiguration of Existing Product Technologies and the Failure of Established Firms."Administrative Science Quarterly, Vol.35,p. 9-30
22. Hultink, Erik Jan, Abbie Griffin, Susan Hart, and Henry S.J.Robben (1997) , "Industrial New Product Launch Strategies and Product Development Performance," Journal of Product Innovation Management, Vol.14,243-57
23. Johnson Samuel, C. & Conrad, Jones (1957),"How to Organize for New Products", Havard Business Review.
24. Jolly, Vijay K. (1997). COMMERCIALIZING NEW TECHNOLOGIES︰Getting from Mind to Market .Boston： Harvard Business School Press.
25. Kotler, Philip (1991), Marketing Management: Analysis, Planning, Implementation, and Control, Prentice Hall, 7th Ed.
26. Khanna, T., Gulati R., & Nohira, N. (1998). "The Dynamics of Learning Alliances： Competition, Cooperation, and Relative Scope", Strategic Management Journal, Vol.19, pp.102-116.
27. Kuczmarski, Thomas D., (1992), Managing New Products： The Power of Innovation, Second Edition, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey： Prentice Hall.
28. Leroy, G. P. (1978). Transfer of Developing Economics within the Multinational Enterprise
29. Mansfield, E. (1982). "Technology Change, Productivity and International Technology Transfer", Technology Transfer and Economics Policy, W. W. Norton & Company, Inc, 1-28.
30. Mansfield, E. (1975). ”International Technology Transfer： Forms Resources Requirement, and Policies.” American Economic Review, 65, 372-376.
31. Ounjian, M. L. and Carne, E.B. (1987) . "A Study of the Factors Which Affect Technology Transfer in a Multilocation Multibusiness Unit Corporation," IEEE Transaction on Engineering Management, Vol.34, No.3, pp.194-201.
32. Piper, W.S., & Naghshpour, S. (1996). "Government Technology Transfer： The Effective Use of Both Push and Pull Marketing", International Journal of Technology Management, Vol.12, No.1, pp.85-94.
33. Rogers, E.M. & Solo, R.A. (1972). Key concept and Models：Inducing Technology Change for Economic Growth and Development, East Lansing, Michigam State University Press.
34. Samli, A. C. (1985) . Technology Transfer: Geographic, Economic, Culture, and Technical Dimensions, Westport, Connecticut, Quorum Books.
35. Sands, S. & Warwick, L.M. (1977), "Successful Business Innovation: A Survey of Current Professional Views," Californian Management Review, Vol. 20, No.2, pp.5-16.
36. Santikarn, M. (1981). Technology Transfer： A Case study, Singapore:Singapore University Press.
37. Strassman, W.P. (1968) . Technological Change and Economic Development: The Manufacturing Experience of Mexico and Puerto Rico, New York, Cornell university Press, 2.
38. Strmcnik, S. (2002). "A Virtual Organisation for Exchange of Knowledge and Transfer of Technology". Intl. J. Technology Transfer and Commercialisation, Vol.1, No.3, pp.313-326
39. Thomas, J.R.(1993).New Product Development-Managing and Forecasting for Strategic Success,New York: John Wiley & Sons Inc.
40. Tushman, M. & Nadler, D. (1986),"Organizing for Innovation," California Management Reveiw, Spring, pp.74-92
41. UNCTAD (1973) . Guideline for the Study of Transfer of Technology to Developing Countries, United Nations Publication TD/B/AC, 5.
42. World intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) (1977) . "Licensing Guide for Developing Countries", WIPO Publication, No.620, VIII:28.
43. Yin,R.K.(1994),Case Study Research: Design and Methods, 2nd ed. Newbury Park:
描述 碩士
國立政治大學
智慧財產研究所
98361020
101
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0983610201
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 吳豐祥zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 董振坤zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) 董振坤zh_TW
dc.date (日期) 2012en_US
dc.date.accessioned 30-Oct-2012 14:21:01 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 30-Oct-2012 14:21:01 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 30-Oct-2012 14:21:01 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0983610201en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/54907-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 智慧財產研究所zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 98361020zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 101zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 在經濟全球化的後金融危機時代中，技術財產權的交易對於推動產業升級，推動新產品及市場發展和進一步推動技術移轉成對現實生產力仍然具有重要市場貢獻的實際意義。不斷豐富技術財產權交易的商業化方法及流程後充分發揮技術財產權交易在市場的領先及先發地位。本研究著重在技術移轉的成功關鍵因素之研究，所以會同時考量到技術應用、市場需求及供應鏈等方面的議題。另外，政府研究機構與企業間的技術移轉對其本身經營成效均是相當重要。對企業而言，此類型的技術移轉已成為其獲取新型技術的重要來源。對政府研究機構而言，政府研發投資的成效係決定於研發成果能否有效地移轉廠商。本研究主要以研究機構之一工業技術研究院技術移轉為主。研究對研究機構及企業而言，進行技術移轉的主要關鍵成功因素為何?研究有以下四個發現;(1)技術移轉業務牽涉層面廣泛、涵蓋多樣專業，包括技術、法律、管理、財務等，宜達到認知一致及雙方資訊回饋的情形下，一定要和對方保持在高頻率溝通。(2)技術移轉需要整合各方資源，所以為了使技術移轉時技術接受者方的技術達到同一個技術水平的情況下，研究機構應為對方隨時準備。(3)雙方背景的懸殊，會影響技術移轉績效;研究機構在避免開發出不符合市場競爭力的商品的情況下，研究機構應一開始就著手彌補這差異。(4)市場變化多端，建議甚至技術移轉期後，仍然應強化後續與企業在技術商品化的互動來因應市場在不同階段的變化。






關鍵字： 技術移轉、研究機構、技術商業化、新產品開發、成功關鍵因素。		zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) In the age of post global economy financial crisis, trading of intellectual properties still have real meanings to the market in pushing new products, developing new markets and further pushing technology transfer into producible. After continuous refining IP trading methodologies and processes, business entities will become leaders in their markets.
This research will focus on success factor in technology transfer with topics in technology applications, market demand and supply chains. Moreover, we will discuss important factors in technology transfer between government research institutions and private enterprises. For private enterprises, it is an important source of obtaining new technology. For government research institutions, performance of the government research investment is determined by whether the result of research and development can be successfully transferred to private enterprises. In this research, we will be mainly discussing technology from Industrial Technology Research Institute in Taiwan.
In this research, the author will discuss four main findings in key successful factors in technology transfer between the government research institution and private enterprises.
(1) Technology transfer is very involved in many aspect of business including research and development, law, management and finance, etc. It is best to keep good communication between both entities to reach a common consensus and to keep good feedback.
(2) Resources from both entities have to be integrated in the process of technology transfer. Therefore, the research institution have to be prepared to have a plan of support for private enterprises to reach the same technology level.
(3) Difference in background knowledge between both entities will have impact in technology transfer performance. In the beginning, the research institution have to prepare to remedy this difference in recognition to prevent developing a product that is not competitive in the market.
(4) Market changes fast. The research institution should reinforce interaction between itself and private enterprises in technology commoditization and responds to difference phase of product development and market development.








keyword : technology transferring, research institution, technology commercialization, new product development, critical success factor.		en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents 圖目錄 V
表目錄 VI
第一章 緒論 1
第一節 研究背景 1
第二節 研究目的 2
第三節 研究問題 3
第四節 研究流程 3
第二章 文獻探討 5
第一節 技術移轉 5
一、 技術的定義 5
二、 技術移轉的定義 6
三、 技術移轉的模式 6
四、 技術移轉的類型 8
五、 技術移轉之誘因 9
六、 技術移轉績效 10
七、 關鍵成功因素 11
第二節 新產品開發 12
一、 新產品的定義 12
二、 新產品開發的定義 15
三、 新產品開發流程 16
四、 新產品開發成功關鍵因素 19
五、 衡量新產品開發的績效指標 20
第三節 技術商業化 21
一、 技術商業化的定義 21
二、 技術商業化流程的定義 21
三、 技術商業化目的 22
第四節 文獻探討小結 23
第三章 研究方法 26
第一節 研究架構 26
第二節 研究方法 27
一、 個案研究法 27
二、 資料來源 27
三、 採半結構訪談方式的原因 28
第三節 訪問對象 28
第四節 訪談過程 29
一、 訪談原則 29
二、 訪談問題 29
第四章 個案研究 31
第一節 W 公司 31
一、 案例背景 31
二、 技術提供者 35
三、 技術接受者 37
四、 技術本身 38
五、 市場 40
六、 個案小結 41
第二節 U 公司 42
一、 案例背景 42
二、 技術提供者 48
三、 技術接受者 49
四、 技術本身 53
五、 市場 55
六、 個案小結 55
第五章 個案分析及研究發現 57
第一節 技術提供者面 57
第二節 技術接受者面 60
第三節 技術本身面 63
第四節 市場面 65
第六章 結論與建議 67
第一節 結論 67
第二節 實務上的建議 68
第三節 後續研究的建議 69
參考文獻 70
















圖目錄
圖 1美國YET2.COM的技術供應服務流程 2
圖 2 研究流程圖 4
圖 3以公司及市場角度定義的創新 14
圖 4新產品開發流程 .................................................................................17
圖 5研究架構圖 26

圖 6汽油錠省油率效益圖 34
圖 7U公司商品企劃流程圖 43











表目錄
表 1 根據商品目標的新商品分類法 ...................13
表 2 衡量技術移轉指標的成功關鍵因子四個構面 24
表3 訪問對象一覽表..................................................................................29
表4汽油錠省錢率效益表...........................................................................35
表5技術提供者面變項之比較表...............................................................57
表6 技術接受者面變項之比較表.............................................................60
表7技術本身面變項之比較表...................................................................63
表8 市場面變項之比較表.........................................................................65		zh_TW
dc.language.iso en_US-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0983610201en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 技術移轉zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 研究機構zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 技術商業化zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 新產品開發zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 成功關鍵因素zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) technology transferringen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) research institutionen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) technology commercializationen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) new product developmenten_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) critical success factoren_US
dc.title (題名) 研究機構進行技術移轉之影響因素的探討_以工業技術研究院為例zh_TW
dc.title (題名) A Study of Critical Factors in Technology Transferring Conducted by Research Institution _ ITRI as an Exampleen_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 參考文獻
中文部份

1. 丁鏗升(1999)，「技術移轉模式、技術互動與移轉績效關係之研究-以半導體產業為例」;長榮學報，長榮管理學院。
2. 林芳毅（1996），「研究機構技術移轉至民間企業之效率評估_以冷凍空調技術為例」，交通大學科技管理研究所碩士論文。
3. 袁方(編)。(2002):<<社會研究方法>>。臺北:五南。
4. 陳怡之，郭明宗(1999)，「智慧財產權之衍生利用-技術商業化問題之研究」。智慧財產權創刊號：182-192。
5. 曾信超、王文賢(1993)。「研究機構技術移轉之探討_以工研院為例」，促進產業升級學術研討會論文集，中山大學。
6. 蔡忠育(1995)，「技術接受者涉入與技術移轉績效之關係」;中華民國科技管理研討會。
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