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題名 海洛因成癮者的決策判斷與抑制控制缺損探討
The impairment of decision making and inhibitory control in heroin addicts
作者 鍾昀蓁
Chung, Yun Chen
貢獻者 許文耀
Hsu, Wen Yau
鍾昀蓁
Chung, Yun Chen
關鍵詞 海洛因成癮
決策判斷
抑制控制
heroin addict
decision making
inhibition control
日期 2011
上傳時間 30-Oct-2012 15:21:38 (UTC+8)
摘要 本研究目的主要在探討海洛因成癮者是否具有決策判斷的問題與抑制控制能力缺損，利用數理認知模型的參數值檢驗受試者在新式Go/No-Go作業的表現，該作業結合IGT與原先Go/No-Go作業的特性，並將作業刺激改為中性與海洛因相關的圖片，探討海洛因成癮者在此作業的決策歷程與抑制反應功能，並與控制組作比較。另者，根據誘發─敏感化理論 ( Robinson & Berridge, 1993 ) 與誘發─習慣化模式 ( Di Chiara, 2000 ) 的預測，前者認為成癮越嚴重者的抑制缺損情形會越嚴重，對藥物相關刺激的注意力偏誤也越明顯；後者則認為藥物依賴階段的初期會發生較嚴重的注意力偏誤情形，但隨著依賴程度增加而對藥物相關刺激已習慣化，尋求藥物行為也已變成自動化反應，故注意力偏誤的情形反而會減少。因此，本研究試圖在加入藥物相關刺激的Go/No-Go作業中驗證這兩種理論的預測。
本研究以48位一般控制組、88位海洛因受戒治人為樣本，利用Go/No-Go作業與線索依賴學習模式 ( CD model ) 分析受試者對酬賞或處罰的注意力 ( w參數 )、學習率 ( 參數 )、反應一致性 ( c參數 )、以及海洛因圖片價值的影響 ( I_Heroin參數 )，結果發現，比起控制組，海洛因成癮者對酬賞的注意力較低、受到藥物相關刺激影響較明顯。另外，將戒治組分為物質高依賴組與低依賴組時，比起控制組，高依賴組對酬賞的注意力較低；而低依賴組受到海洛因圖片價值影響較明顯。結果證實當面對同時具有中性與藥物相關刺激時的情況下，海洛因成癮者與過去古柯鹼成癮者在決策作業上的表現不同，不僅受到酬賞或處罰的影響，藥物相關刺激本身亦帶有某種價值，影響成癮者的決策與抑制能力；另外，結果部分支持誘發─習慣化的預測。
The purpose of present study was to investigate the decision making and inhibitory problem in heroin addicts, and to use the mathematics cognitive model parameters to examine performance in a new Go/No-Go Task of subjects. The task combined the characteristics of IGT and original Go/No-Go Task. We changed the task’s stimuli to neural and heroin related pictures, to explore the decision making and inhibitory reactive function in the task, and compared with control group. On the other hands, according to Incentive-sensitization theory (Robinson & Berridge, 1993) and ‘Incentive ─ habit’ model (Di Chiara, 2000), the incentive-sensitization thoery thought that people with increasing severity of addiction get more inhibitory problems and attentional bias toward drug related cues, but the incentive-habit model suggests that attentional bias for drug cues will be more severe in the early stage of drug dependence., but with the increase in dependence and habit to drug cues, drug-seeking behavior has become automatic reaction, so attentional bias will be attenuated when abusers get more dependence. Therefore, this study attempted to verify the prediction of two theories in the Go / No-Go Task with drug-related stimuli.
This research was based on the data collected from the 48 normals and 88 heroin addicts, using Go/No-Go Task and Cue-dependence learning model ( CD model ) analysis their attention to reward or punishment ( parameter w ), learning rate ( ), reactive consistence ( c ), and valence of heroin pictures ( I_Heroin). The result revealed that compare to controls, heroin addicts had fewer attention to rewards, and more obvious influenced by drug related stimuli. Otherwise, to divided addicts group into high dependence group and low dependence group, compared to control group, the high dependence addicts had lower attention to reward, and the lower dependence addicts was higher influenced by drug related stimuli. It confirm that when heroin abusers faced to neural and drug related stimili, their performance in decision making task was different from cocaine abusers, it’s not only influenced from reward or punishment, but also from the valence of drug related cues. In addition, the result partially support the prediction of the incentive-habit model.
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描述 碩士
國立政治大學
心理學研究所
97752019
100
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0097752019
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 許文耀zh_TW
dc.contributor.advisor Hsu, Wen Yauen_US
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 鍾昀蓁zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) Chung, Yun Chenen_US
dc.creator (作者) 鍾昀蓁zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) Chung, Yun Chenen_US
dc.date (日期) 2011en_US
dc.date.accessioned 30-Oct-2012 15:21:38 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 30-Oct-2012 15:21:38 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 30-Oct-2012 15:21:38 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0097752019en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/55031-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 心理學研究所zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 97752019zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 100zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 本研究目的主要在探討海洛因成癮者是否具有決策判斷的問題與抑制控制能力缺損，利用數理認知模型的參數值檢驗受試者在新式Go/No-Go作業的表現，該作業結合IGT與原先Go/No-Go作業的特性，並將作業刺激改為中性與海洛因相關的圖片，探討海洛因成癮者在此作業的決策歷程與抑制反應功能，並與控制組作比較。另者，根據誘發─敏感化理論 ( Robinson & Berridge, 1993 ) 與誘發─習慣化模式 ( Di Chiara, 2000 ) 的預測，前者認為成癮越嚴重者的抑制缺損情形會越嚴重，對藥物相關刺激的注意力偏誤也越明顯；後者則認為藥物依賴階段的初期會發生較嚴重的注意力偏誤情形，但隨著依賴程度增加而對藥物相關刺激已習慣化，尋求藥物行為也已變成自動化反應，故注意力偏誤的情形反而會減少。因此，本研究試圖在加入藥物相關刺激的Go/No-Go作業中驗證這兩種理論的預測。
本研究以48位一般控制組、88位海洛因受戒治人為樣本，利用Go/No-Go作業與線索依賴學習模式 ( CD model ) 分析受試者對酬賞或處罰的注意力 ( w參數 )、學習率 ( 參數 )、反應一致性 ( c參數 )、以及海洛因圖片價值的影響 ( I_Heroin參數 )，結果發現，比起控制組，海洛因成癮者對酬賞的注意力較低、受到藥物相關刺激影響較明顯。另外，將戒治組分為物質高依賴組與低依賴組時，比起控制組，高依賴組對酬賞的注意力較低；而低依賴組受到海洛因圖片價值影響較明顯。結果證實當面對同時具有中性與藥物相關刺激時的情況下，海洛因成癮者與過去古柯鹼成癮者在決策作業上的表現不同，不僅受到酬賞或處罰的影響，藥物相關刺激本身亦帶有某種價值，影響成癮者的決策與抑制能力；另外，結果部分支持誘發─習慣化的預測。		zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) The purpose of present study was to investigate the decision making and inhibitory problem in heroin addicts, and to use the mathematics cognitive model parameters to examine performance in a new Go/No-Go Task of subjects. The task combined the characteristics of IGT and original Go/No-Go Task. We changed the task’s stimuli to neural and heroin related pictures, to explore the decision making and inhibitory reactive function in the task, and compared with control group. On the other hands, according to Incentive-sensitization theory (Robinson & Berridge, 1993) and ‘Incentive ─ habit’ model (Di Chiara, 2000), the incentive-sensitization thoery thought that people with increasing severity of addiction get more inhibitory problems and attentional bias toward drug related cues, but the incentive-habit model suggests that attentional bias for drug cues will be more severe in the early stage of drug dependence., but with the increase in dependence and habit to drug cues, drug-seeking behavior has become automatic reaction, so attentional bias will be attenuated when abusers get more dependence. Therefore, this study attempted to verify the prediction of two theories in the Go / No-Go Task with drug-related stimuli.
This research was based on the data collected from the 48 normals and 88 heroin addicts, using Go/No-Go Task and Cue-dependence learning model ( CD model ) analysis their attention to reward or punishment ( parameter w ), learning rate ( ), reactive consistence ( c ), and valence of heroin pictures ( I_Heroin). The result revealed that compare to controls, heroin addicts had fewer attention to rewards, and more obvious influenced by drug related stimuli. Otherwise, to divided addicts group into high dependence group and low dependence group, compared to control group, the high dependence addicts had lower attention to reward, and the lower dependence addicts was higher influenced by drug related stimuli. It confirm that when heroin abusers faced to neural and drug related stimili, their performance in decision making task was different from cocaine abusers, it’s not only influenced from reward or punishment, but also from the valence of drug related cues. In addition, the result partially support the prediction of the incentive-habit model.		en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents 第一章 緒論……………………………………………………… 1
第一節 研究背景與動機………………………………………… 1
第二節 物質濫用者的低自我控制……………………………… 4
第三節 藥癮者的決策與抑制控制缺損………………………… 6
第四節 海洛因成癮者的認知缺損……………………………… 10
第五節 藥癮者的認知缺損理論………………………………… 12
第二章 研究架構………………………………………………… 19
第一節 研究目的………………………………………………… 19
第二節 研究架構………………………………………………… 21
第三節 研究問題與假設………………………………………… 26
第三章 研究方法………………………………………………… 31
第一節 研究對象………………………………………………… 31
第二節 研究程序………………………………………………… 32
第三節 研究工具………………………………………………… 33
第四節 資料分析與處理………………………………………… 39
第四章 研究結果…………………………………………………. 41
第一節 受試者的基本資料描述…………………………………. 41
第二節 實驗結果分析……………………………………………. 49
第五章 綜合討論…………………………………………………. 59
第一節 研究結果討論……………………………………………. 59
第二節 研究限制與建議…………………………………………. 62
參考文獻…………………………………………………. 67
附錄一 自我評量人型圖.....................……………… 82
附錄二 受試者參與研究同意書...……………………………….. 85
附錄三 物質使用情況.…………………………………..……….. 86
附錄四 貝克焦慮量表..…………………………………..………. 88
附錄五 貝克憂鬱量表………………………………..………....... 90
附錄六 依賴嚴重度量表..…………………………………..……. 95
附錄二 物質渴想量表................................. 96


表目次
表3-1： 中性圖片─海洛因圖片的相關分析……………………………… 34
表4-1： 各組受試者年齡分佈情形………………………………………… 42
表4-2： 各組受試者婚姻狀態分佈情形…………………………………… 42
表4-3： 各組受試者教育程度分佈情形…………………………………… 43
表4-4： 各組受試者職業類型分佈情形…………………………………… 44
表4-5： 海洛因組受試者首次施用年齡分佈情形……………………………45
表4-6： 海洛因組受試者施用海洛因之方式與頻率…………………………46
表4-7： 海洛因組渴想分數與成癮嚴重度分數情形…………………………47
表4-8： 各組情緒分數與瑞文氏分數情形……………………………………48
表4-9： 各組Go/Nogo Task的反應錯誤情形………………………………50
表4-10： 兩種模型BIC值的摘要表……………………………………………50
表4-11： 四種控制變項的相關情形……………………………………………51
表4-12： 控制組與戒治組─模型二參數平均數/標準差摘要表…………… 52
表4-13： 同時控制教育程度、焦慮、憂鬱及智力分數下，有無施用海洛因(組
間)對認知參數的共變數分析摘要表 ─依變項w參數…………… 52
表4-14： 同時控制教育程度、焦慮、憂鬱及智力分數下，有無施用海洛因(組
間)對認知參數的共變數分析摘要表─依變項 參數……………53
表4-15： 同時控制教育程度、焦慮、憂鬱及智力分數下，有無施用海洛因(組
間)對認知參數的共變數分析摘要表 ─依變項c參數……………53
表4-16： 同時控制教育程度、焦慮、憂鬱及智力分數下，有無施用海洛因(組
間)對認知參數的共變數分析摘要表 ─依變項I_Heroin參數……54
表4-17： 同時控制教育程度、焦慮、憂鬱及智力分數下，海洛因成癮嚴重度
(分組變項)對認知參數的共變數分析摘要表─依變項w參數…55
表4-18： 同時控制教育程度、焦慮、憂鬱及智力分數下，海洛因成癮嚴重度
(分組變項)對認知參數的共變數分析摘要表─依變項 參數…55
表4-19： 同時控制教育程度、焦慮、憂鬱及智力分數下，海洛因成癮嚴重度
(分組變項)對認知參數的共變數分析摘要表─依變項c參數…56
表4-20： 同時控制教育程度、焦慮、憂鬱及智力分數下，海洛因成癮嚴重
度(分組變項)對認知參數的共變數分析摘要表─依變項I_Heroin參
數…………………………………………………………………… 56
表4-21 所有受試者認知參數和Omission error、 Commission error的
相關58
表4-22 兩組受試者認知參數和error的相關(相關係數)……………58


圖次

圖一： Go/No-Go Discrimination 作業的嘗試次中，螢幕中央呈現按鍵
會獲得酬賞/接受懲罰的 Good/Bad 圖片時，受試者按鍵與未按鍵
的程序………………………………………………………………37		zh_TW
dc.language.iso en_US-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0097752019en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 海洛因成癮zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 決策判斷zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 抑制控制zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) heroin addicten_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) decision makingen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) inhibition controlen_US
dc.title (題名) 海洛因成癮者的決策判斷與抑制控制缺損探討zh_TW
dc.title (題名) The impairment of decision making and inhibitory control in heroin addictsen_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 參考文獻

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