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題名 影響天津吸引外來投資的決定因素
Determinants of foreign direct investment in Tianjin, China
作者 謝忠國
貢獻者 黃智聰
謝忠國
關鍵詞 天津
外來投資
決定因素
固定效果模型
Tianjin
Foreign Direct Investment
Determinants
Fixed-Effect Model
日期 2011
上傳時間 30-Oct-2012 15:25:44 (UTC+8)
摘要 中國大陸自1978年確定改革開放政策，天津自改革開放初期的經濟發展面對資金和技術不足的問題。1990年末期，因為外商企業在天津長期投資，對天津產業技術提升及企業管理發揮積極作用，使天津市擠身中國大陸最吸引外來投資之地區之一。1992年鄧小平南巡再次確認中國大陸積極對外開放政策後，天津之外來投資呈現倍數之高度成長。2010年度，天津之外來投資金額更是突破百億美元大關。本文之研究目的冀討論天津在1990年第至2010年，影響各國家地區對天津投資之決定因素。本文採用天津此1990年至2010年累計最高投資金額之前九個國家地區之資料，利用固定效果模型估計，結果顯示決定因素有相對實質匯率、相對每人國內生產毛額、工資率及時間趨勢，另外各國家地區對於天津之地理距離透過分析亦可知其自發性投資呈現負相關。為降低實證模型發生錯誤，將各種統計量之檢定方法加以檢定，皆獲得通過。
China has adopted and confirmed the so-called Open Door Policy since 1978. Tianjin faced the shortage of capital and technology in the early period of the implement of the Policy. However, in the end of 1990, Tianjin became one of the most attracting foreign investment cities in China because the foreign direct investment had played an important role and positively influenced industries upgrade and business management in the city. The amount of foreign direct investment in Tianjin has a high speed growth after Deng Xiaoping’s southern trip in 1992 to confirm the determination of China’s open door policy again. In 2010, the amount of foreign direct investment in Tianjin was impressively over ten billion US dollars. The purpose of this study is to investigate the determinants of foreign direct investment from different countries and districts in Tianjin from 1990 to 2010. The study adopted fixed-effect model to investigate the determinants of foreign direct investment in Tianjin with the top nine countries and districts in the period of 1990 to 2010. The results revealed relative currency rate, relative GDP per capita, relative wage rate and time trend are the most important factor in attracting foreign direct investment in Tianjin in the period. Another result showed the geographical distance has a negative relationship to foreign direct investment in Tianjin by fixed effect analysis. In order to reduce the occurrence of mistakes, the model and result results also have been tested through related tests methods.
參考文獻 一、中文文獻
     周忠英（2010），「天津利用FDI的現狀與對策」，《經濟論壇》（河北），5B，頁21~23。
     高長（1994），《大陸經改與兩岸經貿關係》。台北：五南圖書。
     馮婭娟（2008），「天津濱海新區利用外資結構分析與策略調整」，《商場現代化》（北京），543，頁208~209。
     黃智聰、高安邦、余姿瑩（2004），「外來投資在中國大陸各地區分佈不均度之分析」，《中國大陸研究》（台北），47（2），頁33~56。
     黃智聰、黃霈芝（2007），《中國大陸西部地區吸引外來投資的決定因素》，國立政治大學東亞研究所，頁9~25。
     黃智聰、歐陽宏（2004），《世界各國對中國大陸直接投資差異之決定因素》，國立政治大學東亞研究所，頁11~23。
     黃智聰、潘俊男（2002），「大陸地區製造業產業結構的決定因素」，《中國大陸研究》（台北），45（2），頁97~123。
     魏彥莉、傅利平（2011），「天津市外商投資企業後向關聯影響因素分析」，《科技管理研究》（廣州），31(6)，頁81~84。
     羅若愚（2006），「外商投資與天津電子信息產業群的形成演化研究」，《經濟地理》（長沙），26（2），頁261~264。
     二、英文文獻
     Aliber, R. Z. (1970), “A Theory of Direct Foreign Investment.” in Kindleberger, C. P. (ed.) The International Corporation, 134-136, Cambridge Mass: MIT Press.
     Anderson, James E. (1979), “The Theoretical Foundation for the Gravity Equation.” American Economic Review, 69(1), 106-116.
     Blais, J. P. (1975), A Theoretical and Empirical Investigation of Canadian and British Direct Foreign Investment in Manufacturing in the United States. Ph.D. Dissertation. Pittsburgh : University of Pittsburgh.
     Buckley, P. and M. Cassons (1976), The Future of Multinational Enterprises. Lodon: Macmillan.
     Cheng, L. K. and Y. K. Kwan (2000),“What are the Determinants of Location of Foreign Direct Investment? The China Experience.” Journal of International Economics, 51, 379-400.
     Dunning, J. (1993), Multinational Enterprises and the Global Economy. Workingham, England and Reading, Mass: Addison Wesley.
     Froot.Kenneth A. and Jeremy Stein (1991), “Exchange Rates and Foreign Direct Investment: An Imperfect Capital Markets Approach” Quarterly Journal of Economics, 106(4), 1191-1217.
     Grosse R. and L. J. Trevino (1996), “Foreign Direct Investment in the United States: An Analysis by Country of Origin.” Journal of International Business Studies, 27(1), 139-155.
     Hausman, Jerry A. (1978), “Specification Test in Econometrics.” Econometrica, 46(6), 1251-1271.
     Hong, M. and L. S. Chen (2001), “Quantitative and Dynamic Analysis of the OLI Variables Determining FDI in China.” Review of Urban and Regional Development Studies, 13(2), 163-172.
     Huang, F. (1995), “China’s Utilization of Foreign Capital and the Related Policies.” Journal of Asian Economics, 6(2), 217-232.
     Huang, J. T. (2004), “Spillover from Taiwan, Hong Kong, and Macau Investment and from Other Foreign Investment in Chinese Industries.” Contemporary Economic Policy, 22(1), 13-25.
     Hymer, S. (1976), The International Operations of National Firms. Cambridge, MIT Press.
     Kalamova, M. and A. Konrad (2010), “Nation Brands and Foreign Direct Investment.” KYKLOS, 63(3), 400-405.
     Krugman, P. (1991), “Increasing Returns and Economic Geography.” Journal of Political Economy, 99(3), 483-499.
     Kuo, C.C. and J. T. Huang (2003), “A Regional Analysis on the Determinants of Foreign Direct Investment toward Mainland China.” Paper Presented at the Western Economic Association International Pacific Rim Conference, January 9-12. 2003.
     Lucus, R. B. (1993), “On the Determinants of Foreign Direct Investment: Evidence from East and Southeast Asia.” World Development, 21, 391-406.
     Solocha, A. and M. D. Sokin (1990), “Determinants of Foreign Direct Investment: A Case of Canadian Direct Investment in the United States.” Management International Review, 30, 371-386.
     Vernon, R. (1966), “International Investment and International Trade in the Product Trade.” Quarterly journal of Economics, 80, 190-207.
     Wang, Z. and N. J. Swain (1995), “The Determinants of Foreign Direct Investment in Transforming Economics: Empirical Evidence from Hungary and China.”Weltwirtschaftliches Archiv, 131(2), 359-382.
     Xiao, W.G. and Y. Zhao（2009）, “A Study on the Location Determinants of the US FDI in China.” Management Science and Engineering, 3(2), 1-11.
描述 碩士
國立政治大學
行政管理碩士學程
99921004
100
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0099921004
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 黃智聰zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 謝忠國zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) 謝忠國zh_TW
dc.date (日期) 2011en_US
dc.date.accessioned 30-Oct-2012 15:25:44 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 30-Oct-2012 15:25:44 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 30-Oct-2012 15:25:44 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0099921004en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/55074-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 行政管理碩士學程zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 99921004zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 100zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 中國大陸自1978年確定改革開放政策，天津自改革開放初期的經濟發展面對資金和技術不足的問題。1990年末期，因為外商企業在天津長期投資，對天津產業技術提升及企業管理發揮積極作用，使天津市擠身中國大陸最吸引外來投資之地區之一。1992年鄧小平南巡再次確認中國大陸積極對外開放政策後，天津之外來投資呈現倍數之高度成長。2010年度，天津之外來投資金額更是突破百億美元大關。本文之研究目的冀討論天津在1990年第至2010年，影響各國家地區對天津投資之決定因素。本文採用天津此1990年至2010年累計最高投資金額之前九個國家地區之資料，利用固定效果模型估計，結果顯示決定因素有相對實質匯率、相對每人國內生產毛額、工資率及時間趨勢，另外各國家地區對於天津之地理距離透過分析亦可知其自發性投資呈現負相關。為降低實證模型發生錯誤，將各種統計量之檢定方法加以檢定，皆獲得通過。zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) China has adopted and confirmed the so-called Open Door Policy since 1978. Tianjin faced the shortage of capital and technology in the early period of the implement of the Policy. However, in the end of 1990, Tianjin became one of the most attracting foreign investment cities in China because the foreign direct investment had played an important role and positively influenced industries upgrade and business management in the city. The amount of foreign direct investment in Tianjin has a high speed growth after Deng Xiaoping’s southern trip in 1992 to confirm the determination of China’s open door policy again. In 2010, the amount of foreign direct investment in Tianjin was impressively over ten billion US dollars. The purpose of this study is to investigate the determinants of foreign direct investment from different countries and districts in Tianjin from 1990 to 2010. The study adopted fixed-effect model to investigate the determinants of foreign direct investment in Tianjin with the top nine countries and districts in the period of 1990 to 2010. The results revealed relative currency rate, relative GDP per capita, relative wage rate and time trend are the most important factor in attracting foreign direct investment in Tianjin in the period. Another result showed the geographical distance has a negative relationship to foreign direct investment in Tianjin by fixed effect analysis. In order to reduce the occurrence of mistakes, the model and result results also have been tested through related tests methods.en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents 第一章 緒論…………………………………………………………………1
     第一節 研究背景與目的……………………………………………………1
     第二節 預期研究成果與研究架構…………………………………………6
     第二章 相關文獻回顧及理論基礎…………………………………………9
     第一節 外來投資理論之相關文獻 …………………………………………9
     第二節 中國大陸外來投資之相關文獻 ………………………………… 12
     第三節 天津外來投資之相關文獻…………………………………………14
     第三章 津外來投資的政策演進與現況分析 ……………………………17
     第一節 天津外來投資的政策演進…………………………………………17
     第二節 天津外來投資的現況分析…………………………………………22
     第四章 研究方法 …………………………………………………………26
     第一節 實證模型介紹………………………………………………………26
     第二節 變數說明與假設……………………………………………………29
     第三節 資料來源……………………………………………………………32
     第四節 本章小結……………………………………………………………33
     第五章 實證結果與模型檢定 ……………………………………………35
     第一節 實證結果……………………………………………………………35
     第二節 固定效果與時間效果分析…………………………………………39
     第三節 實證模型正確性之檢定……………………………………………41
     第四節 本章小結……………………………………………………………44
     第六章 結論與政策意涵 …………………………………………………46
     第一節 結論…………………………………………………………………46
     第二節 政策意涵……………………………………………………………48
     參考文獻 ……………………………………………………………………50		zh_TW
dc.language.iso en_US-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0099921004en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 天津zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 外來投資zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 決定因素zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 固定效果模型zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Tianjinen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Foreign Direct Investmenten_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Determinantsen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Fixed-Effect Modelen_US
dc.title (題名) 影響天津吸引外來投資的決定因素zh_TW
dc.title (題名) Determinants of foreign direct investment in Tianjin, Chinaen_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 一、中文文獻
     周忠英（2010），「天津利用FDI的現狀與對策」，《經濟論壇》（河北），5B，頁21~23。
     高長（1994），《大陸經改與兩岸經貿關係》。台北：五南圖書。
     馮婭娟（2008），「天津濱海新區利用外資結構分析與策略調整」，《商場現代化》（北京），543，頁208~209。
     黃智聰、高安邦、余姿瑩（2004），「外來投資在中國大陸各地區分佈不均度之分析」，《中國大陸研究》（台北），47（2），頁33~56。
     黃智聰、黃霈芝（2007），《中國大陸西部地區吸引外來投資的決定因素》，國立政治大學東亞研究所，頁9~25。
     黃智聰、歐陽宏（2004），《世界各國對中國大陸直接投資差異之決定因素》，國立政治大學東亞研究所，頁11~23。
     黃智聰、潘俊男（2002），「大陸地區製造業產業結構的決定因素」，《中國大陸研究》（台北），45（2），頁97~123。
     魏彥莉、傅利平（2011），「天津市外商投資企業後向關聯影響因素分析」，《科技管理研究》（廣州），31(6)，頁81~84。
     羅若愚（2006），「外商投資與天津電子信息產業群的形成演化研究」，《經濟地理》（長沙），26（2），頁261~264。
     二、英文文獻
     Aliber, R. Z. (1970), “A Theory of Direct Foreign Investment.” in Kindleberger, C. P. (ed.) The International Corporation, 134-136, Cambridge Mass: MIT Press.
     Anderson, James E. (1979), “The Theoretical Foundation for the Gravity Equation.” American Economic Review, 69(1), 106-116.
     Blais, J. P. (1975), A Theoretical and Empirical Investigation of Canadian and British Direct Foreign Investment in Manufacturing in the United States. Ph.D. Dissertation. Pittsburgh : University of Pittsburgh.
     Buckley, P. and M. Cassons (1976), The Future of Multinational Enterprises. Lodon: Macmillan.
     Cheng, L. K. and Y. K. Kwan (2000),“What are the Determinants of Location of Foreign Direct Investment? The China Experience.” Journal of International Economics, 51, 379-400.
     Dunning, J. (1993), Multinational Enterprises and the Global Economy. Workingham, England and Reading, Mass: Addison Wesley.
     Froot.Kenneth A. and Jeremy Stein (1991), “Exchange Rates and Foreign Direct Investment: An Imperfect Capital Markets Approach” Quarterly Journal of Economics, 106(4), 1191-1217.
     Grosse R. and L. J. Trevino (1996), “Foreign Direct Investment in the United States: An Analysis by Country of Origin.” Journal of International Business Studies, 27(1), 139-155.
     Hausman, Jerry A. (1978), “Specification Test in Econometrics.” Econometrica, 46(6), 1251-1271.
     Hong, M. and L. S. Chen (2001), “Quantitative and Dynamic Analysis of the OLI Variables Determining FDI in China.” Review of Urban and Regional Development Studies, 13(2), 163-172.
     Huang, F. (1995), “China’s Utilization of Foreign Capital and the Related Policies.” Journal of Asian Economics, 6(2), 217-232.
     Huang, J. T. (2004), “Spillover from Taiwan, Hong Kong, and Macau Investment and from Other Foreign Investment in Chinese Industries.” Contemporary Economic Policy, 22(1), 13-25.
     Hymer, S. (1976), The International Operations of National Firms. Cambridge, MIT Press.
     Kalamova, M. and A. Konrad (2010), “Nation Brands and Foreign Direct Investment.” KYKLOS, 63(3), 400-405.
     Krugman, P. (1991), “Increasing Returns and Economic Geography.” Journal of Political Economy, 99(3), 483-499.
     Kuo, C.C. and J. T. Huang (2003), “A Regional Analysis on the Determinants of Foreign Direct Investment toward Mainland China.” Paper Presented at the Western Economic Association International Pacific Rim Conference, January 9-12. 2003.
     Lucus, R. B. (1993), “On the Determinants of Foreign Direct Investment: Evidence from East and Southeast Asia.” World Development, 21, 391-406.
     Solocha, A. and M. D. Sokin (1990), “Determinants of Foreign Direct Investment: A Case of Canadian Direct Investment in the United States.” Management International Review, 30, 371-386.
     Vernon, R. (1966), “International Investment and International Trade in the Product Trade.” Quarterly journal of Economics, 80, 190-207.
     Wang, Z. and N. J. Swain (1995), “The Determinants of Foreign Direct Investment in Transforming Economics: Empirical Evidence from Hungary and China.”Weltwirtschaftliches Archiv, 131(2), 359-382.
     Xiao, W.G. and Y. Zhao（2009）, “A Study on the Location Determinants of the US FDI in China.” Management Science and Engineering, 3(2), 1-11.		zh_TW