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題名 復語：《使女故事》中的創傷敘事
Reclaiming Language: Trauma Narrative in The Handmaid`s Tale
作者 許齡文
Hsu, Ling Wen
貢獻者 胡錦媛
Hu, Chin Yuan
許齡文
Hsu, Ling Wen
關鍵詞 使女故事
創傷
語言
書信
對話論
Tha Handmaid`s Tale
trauma
language
epistolarity
dialogism
日期 2012
上傳時間 2-Sep-2013 11:03:59 (UTC+8)
摘要 透過主角兼敘事者奧芙弗雷德 (Offred) 的信件書寫，愛特伍 (Margaret Atwood)《使女故事》(The Handmaid`s Tale, 1986) 一書回憶並訴說過往的故事。奧芙弗雷德的敘事打破順時性，呈現了斷裂與曖昧難解的狀況，點出了敘事者對於其所訴說的過去缺乏完整的理解。本論文從創傷敘事的角度分析《使女故事》，試圖探究奧芙弗雷德敘事中缺乏連貫的起因。
      本論文分成五章來探討奧芙弗雷德的敘事，以期完整呈現小說中創傷敘事與語言、書信模式所交織成的複雜關係。第一章介紹《使女故事》的梗概與相關評論，並說明本論文所使用的理論架構。第二章以傅柯 (Michel Foucault) 的語言理論，探討語言與權力統治的關係與其在「反烏托邦」(dystopia) 世界中所承擔的角色，進而分析奧芙弗雷德如何一步步地取回了原本被禁用的語言，透過敘事釋放潛藏的溝通慾望。第三章則透過佛洛伊德 (Sigmund Freud) 的創傷理論與後續發展的創傷敘事研究，檢視奧芙弗雷德令人困惑的敘事。第四章藉由巴赫汀 (Mikhail Bakhtin) 的對話論 (dialogism) 分析書信模式在奧芙弗雷德敘事 (narration)／重構 (reconstruction) 中的影響與作用。最後，第五章討論愛特伍在文本末章〈史料〉("Historical Notes") 呈現對書信編輯一角的翻轉，並點出奧芙弗雷德對於敘事的堅持來自於她對於溝通與生存的期望。
Through the narrator-protagonist Offred`s letter-composition, Margaret Atwood`s The Handmaid’s Tale (1986) unfolds as Offred recalls her past to tell the story. Offred`s narrative is not chronological, but elusive and fragmentary. The scattered narrative fragments indicate Offred`s incomplete understanding of the past. The present thesis seeks to explore the intricate cause of Offred’s narrative fragments by reading The Handmaid`s Tale as a trauma narrative.
      To gain a full picture of Offred`s trauma narrative, the thesis is divided into five chapters. Chapter I introduces The Handmaid`s Tale and its literature reviews and explicates the theoretical approaches used in the thesis. With the introduction of Foucauldian discourse on language, Chapter II focuses on the role of language in relation to power in dystopia. In addition, the chapter illustrates the process of Offred`s gradual regaining of the denied language and embarking on her narrative expedition, seeking to communicate. Meanwhile, Chapter III focuses on Offred’s puzzle-like narrative, inspecting her narrative through the lens of the Freudian trauma theory and trauma narrative. Chapter IV analyzes the function of the epistolary form in Offred`s reconstruction of the past with the Bakhtinian dialogism. Finally, Chapter V discusses Atwood`s revision of the role of the editor demonstrated in the epilogue "Historical Notes" of The Handmaid`s Tale and concludes with Offred`s longing for communication and survival that propels her act of storytelling.
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     Altman, Janet Gurkin. “The Weight of the Reader.” Epistolarity: Approaches to a Form. Columbus: Ohio State UP, 1982. 87-115. Print.
     Atwood, Margaret. “Genesis of The Handmaid’s Tale and Role of the ‘Historical Notes.’” Conférence de Margaret Atwood. Ed. Jean-Michel Lacroix, Jacques Leclaire and Jack Warwick. Mont-Saint-Aignan: l’Université de Rouen, 1999. 7-14. Print.
     ---. The Handmaid’s Tale. New York: Anchor, 1986. Print.
     Baccolini, Raffaella and Tom Moylan. “Dystopia and Histories.” Introduction. Dark Horizons: Science Fiction and the Dystopian Imagination. Ed. Baccolini and Moylan. New York: Routledge, 2003. 1-12. Print.
     Bakhtin, Mikhail. “Author and Hero in Aesthetic Activity.” Art and Answerability: Early Philosophical Essays by M. M. Bakhtin. Ed. Holqiust and Vadim Liapunov. Austin: U of Texas P, 1990. 1-256. Print.
     ---. “Discourse in the Novel.” The Dialogic Imagination: Four Essays by M.M. Bakhtin. Ed. Michael Holquist. Trans. Caryl Emerson and Michael Holquist. Austin: U of Texas P, 1981. 259-422. Print.
     ---. “Dostoevsky’s Polyphonic Novel.” Problems of Dostoevsky’s Poetics. Ed. and Trans. Caryl Emerson. Minneapolis: U of Minnesota P, 1984. 5-46. Print.
     ---. “Toward a Reworking of the Dostoevsky Book.” Problems of Dostoevsky’s Poetics. Ed. and Trans. Caryl Emerson. Minneapolis: U of Minnesota P, 1984. 283-302. Print.
     Bartkowski, Frances. “No Shadows without Light: Louky Bersianik’s The Eugélionne and Margaret Atwood’s The Handmaid’s Tale.” Feminist Utopias. Lincoln: U of Nebraska P, 1991. 133-58. Print.
     BenEzer, Gadi. “Trauma Signals in Life Stories.” Trauma: Life Stories of Survivors. Ed. Kim Lacy Rogers, Selma Leydesdorff and Graham Dawson. New Brunswick: Transaction Publishers, 2004. 29-44. Print.
     Bible. New International Vers. Bible Gateway. Biblica, n.d. Web. 12 October, 2012.
     Booker, M. Keith. “Skepticism Squared: Western Postmodernist Dystopias.” The Dystopian Impulse in Modern Literature: Fiction as Social Criticism. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1994. 141-71. Print.
     Bouson, J Brooks. “The Misogyny of Patriarchal Culture in The Handmaid’s Tale.” Brutal Choreographies: Oppositional Strategies and Narrative Design in the Novels of Margaret Atwood. Amherst: U of Massachusetts P, 1993. 135-58. Print.
     Campbell, Elizabeth. “Re-visions, Re-flections, Re-creations: Epistolarity in Novels by Contemporary Women.” Twentieth Century Literature 41.3 (1995): 332-48. Print.
     Caruth, Cathy. Unclaimed Experience: Trauma, Narrative, and History. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins UP, 1996. Print.
     Derrida, Jacques. “Signature Event Context.” A Derrida Reader: Between the Blinds. Ed. Peggy Kamuf. New York: Columbia UP, 1991. 82-111. Print.
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     Fand, Roxanne J. The Dialogic Self: Reconstructing Subjectivity in Woolf, Lessing, and Atwood. London: Associated UP, 1999. Print.
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     Foucault, Michel. The Archaeology of Knowledge. Trans. A. M. Sheridan Smith. London: Routledge, 1972. Print.
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     Geis, Deborah R. “Deconstructing (A Streetcar Named) Desire: Gender Re-Citation in Belle Reprieve.” American Drama 11.2 (2002): 21-31. Print.
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     Herman, Judith. Trauma and Recovery: The Aftermath of Violence—From Domestic Abuse to Political Terror. New York: Basic, 1997. Print.
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     Howarth, David. Discourse. Buckingham: Open UP, 2000. Print.
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     ---. “The Handmaid’s Tale.” Margaret Atwood. 2nd ed. New York: Palgrave, 2005. 93-109. Print.
     Hu, Chin-yuan. “Lovers’ Dialogue, Woman’s Monologue: Lettres portgugaises.” Chung-wai Literary Monthly 28.12 (2000): 156-81. Print.
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     Kaplan, E. Ann. Trauma Culture: The Politics of Terror and Loss in Media and Literature. New Brunswick: Rutgers UP, 2005. Print.
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     Sapir, Edward. Language: An Introduction to the Study of Speech. New York: Harvest, 1949. Print.
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描述 碩士
國立政治大學
英國語文學研究所
98551004
101
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0098551004
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 胡錦媛zh_TW
dc.contributor.advisor Hu, Chin Yuanen_US
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 許齡文zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) Hsu, Ling Wenen_US
dc.creator (作者) 許齡文zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) Hsu, Ling Wenen_US
dc.date (日期) 2012en_US
dc.date.accessioned 2-Sep-2013 11:03:59 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 2-Sep-2013 11:03:59 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 2-Sep-2013 11:03:59 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0098551004en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/59181-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 英國語文學研究所zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 98551004zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 101zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 透過主角兼敘事者奧芙弗雷德 (Offred) 的信件書寫，愛特伍 (Margaret Atwood)《使女故事》(The Handmaid`s Tale, 1986) 一書回憶並訴說過往的故事。奧芙弗雷德的敘事打破順時性，呈現了斷裂與曖昧難解的狀況，點出了敘事者對於其所訴說的過去缺乏完整的理解。本論文從創傷敘事的角度分析《使女故事》，試圖探究奧芙弗雷德敘事中缺乏連貫的起因。
      本論文分成五章來探討奧芙弗雷德的敘事，以期完整呈現小說中創傷敘事與語言、書信模式所交織成的複雜關係。第一章介紹《使女故事》的梗概與相關評論，並說明本論文所使用的理論架構。第二章以傅柯 (Michel Foucault) 的語言理論，探討語言與權力統治的關係與其在「反烏托邦」(dystopia) 世界中所承擔的角色，進而分析奧芙弗雷德如何一步步地取回了原本被禁用的語言，透過敘事釋放潛藏的溝通慾望。第三章則透過佛洛伊德 (Sigmund Freud) 的創傷理論與後續發展的創傷敘事研究，檢視奧芙弗雷德令人困惑的敘事。第四章藉由巴赫汀 (Mikhail Bakhtin) 的對話論 (dialogism) 分析書信模式在奧芙弗雷德敘事 (narration)／重構 (reconstruction) 中的影響與作用。最後，第五章討論愛特伍在文本末章〈史料〉("Historical Notes") 呈現對書信編輯一角的翻轉，並點出奧芙弗雷德對於敘事的堅持來自於她對於溝通與生存的期望。		zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) Through the narrator-protagonist Offred`s letter-composition, Margaret Atwood`s The Handmaid’s Tale (1986) unfolds as Offred recalls her past to tell the story. Offred`s narrative is not chronological, but elusive and fragmentary. The scattered narrative fragments indicate Offred`s incomplete understanding of the past. The present thesis seeks to explore the intricate cause of Offred’s narrative fragments by reading The Handmaid`s Tale as a trauma narrative.
      To gain a full picture of Offred`s trauma narrative, the thesis is divided into five chapters. Chapter I introduces The Handmaid`s Tale and its literature reviews and explicates the theoretical approaches used in the thesis. With the introduction of Foucauldian discourse on language, Chapter II focuses on the role of language in relation to power in dystopia. In addition, the chapter illustrates the process of Offred`s gradual regaining of the denied language and embarking on her narrative expedition, seeking to communicate. Meanwhile, Chapter III focuses on Offred’s puzzle-like narrative, inspecting her narrative through the lens of the Freudian trauma theory and trauma narrative. Chapter IV analyzes the function of the epistolary form in Offred`s reconstruction of the past with the Bakhtinian dialogism. Finally, Chapter V discusses Atwood`s revision of the role of the editor demonstrated in the epilogue "Historical Notes" of The Handmaid`s Tale and concludes with Offred`s longing for communication and survival that propels her act of storytelling.		en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents Chinese Abstract ix
     English Abstract xi
     Chapter I Introduction 1
      I. Literature Reviews 3
      II. Contribution of the Thesis 8
      III. Theoretical Approaches 9
      A. Foucault: Language and Power 10
      B. Freud: Trauma and Trauma Narrative 11
      C. Bakhtin: The Dialogic Voice 13
      IV. Thesis Organization 14
     Chapter II Dystopia and Language 19
      I. Dystopian Language Control 20
      II. Language and Power 22
      III. Exchange and Language 31
      IV. Regaining Language 35
     Chapter III Trauma and Trauma Narrative 39
      I. Trauma 40
      II. Trauma and Memory 44
      III. Trauma and Trauma Narrative 47
     Chapter IV Epistolarity and Reconstruction 55
      I. A Letter Always Arrives at Its Destination 56
      II. Bakhtinian Self and Dialogism 59
      III. Offred’s Reconstruction 62
     Chapter V Conclusion 73
      I. The Postmodern Hybridity 73
      II. The Disapproving Editor 74
      III. “You can mean thousands” 77
     Works Cited 81		zh_TW
dc.language.iso en_US-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0098551004en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 使女故事zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 創傷zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 語言zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 書信zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 對話論zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Tha Handmaid`s Taleen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) traumaen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) languageen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) epistolarityen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) dialogismen_US
dc.title (題名) 復語：《使女故事》中的創傷敘事zh_TW
dc.title (題名) Reclaiming Language: Trauma Narrative in The Handmaid`s Taleen_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Abrams, M. H. A Glossary of Literary Terms. 8th ed. Boston: Thomson Wadsworth, 2005. Print.
     Altman, Janet Gurkin. “The Weight of the Reader.” Epistolarity: Approaches to a Form. Columbus: Ohio State UP, 1982. 87-115. Print.
     Atwood, Margaret. “Genesis of The Handmaid’s Tale and Role of the ‘Historical Notes.’” Conférence de Margaret Atwood. Ed. Jean-Michel Lacroix, Jacques Leclaire and Jack Warwick. Mont-Saint-Aignan: l’Université de Rouen, 1999. 7-14. Print.
     ---. The Handmaid’s Tale. New York: Anchor, 1986. Print.
     Baccolini, Raffaella and Tom Moylan. “Dystopia and Histories.” Introduction. Dark Horizons: Science Fiction and the Dystopian Imagination. Ed. Baccolini and Moylan. New York: Routledge, 2003. 1-12. Print.
     Bakhtin, Mikhail. “Author and Hero in Aesthetic Activity.” Art and Answerability: Early Philosophical Essays by M. M. Bakhtin. Ed. Holqiust and Vadim Liapunov. Austin: U of Texas P, 1990. 1-256. Print.
     ---. “Discourse in the Novel.” The Dialogic Imagination: Four Essays by M.M. Bakhtin. Ed. Michael Holquist. Trans. Caryl Emerson and Michael Holquist. Austin: U of Texas P, 1981. 259-422. Print.
     ---. “Dostoevsky’s Polyphonic Novel.” Problems of Dostoevsky’s Poetics. Ed. and Trans. Caryl Emerson. Minneapolis: U of Minnesota P, 1984. 5-46. Print.
     ---. “Toward a Reworking of the Dostoevsky Book.” Problems of Dostoevsky’s Poetics. Ed. and Trans. Caryl Emerson. Minneapolis: U of Minnesota P, 1984. 283-302. Print.
     Bartkowski, Frances. “No Shadows without Light: Louky Bersianik’s The Eugélionne and Margaret Atwood’s The Handmaid’s Tale.” Feminist Utopias. Lincoln: U of Nebraska P, 1991. 133-58. Print.
     BenEzer, Gadi. “Trauma Signals in Life Stories.” Trauma: Life Stories of Survivors. Ed. Kim Lacy Rogers, Selma Leydesdorff and Graham Dawson. New Brunswick: Transaction Publishers, 2004. 29-44. Print.
     Bible. New International Vers. Bible Gateway. Biblica, n.d. Web. 12 October, 2012.
     Booker, M. Keith. “Skepticism Squared: Western Postmodernist Dystopias.” The Dystopian Impulse in Modern Literature: Fiction as Social Criticism. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1994. 141-71. Print.
     Bouson, J Brooks. “The Misogyny of Patriarchal Culture in The Handmaid’s Tale.” Brutal Choreographies: Oppositional Strategies and Narrative Design in the Novels of Margaret Atwood. Amherst: U of Massachusetts P, 1993. 135-58. Print.
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