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題名 台灣上市銀行女性董監事的比例與其經營績效之關係
The relationship between the proportion of female directors and supervisors in listed banks in Taiwan and the operational performance of the banks
作者 黃偉銘
Huang, Wei Ming
貢獻者 黃智聰
黃偉銘
Huang, Wei Ming
關鍵詞 資料包絡分析法
女性董監事
銀行績效
Tobit迴歸模型
data envelopment analysis
emale directors and supervisors
bank performance
tobit regression model
日期 2012
上傳時間 2-Sep-2013 17:24:51 (UTC+8)
摘要 目前對於女性董事與財務績效的研究，以國外的文獻居多，台灣的研究僅有3篇，皆是以複迴歸的方式來進行研究分析，僅有一篇是針對金融業進行研究。未來全球經濟的發展，將隨著女性職場上參與程度和社經能力的提升而有所改變。而銀行業對經濟發展有密不可分的關係，故本研究以臺灣21間上市銀行2006年至2011年間的追蹤資料（即126筆樣本觀察值）來進行實證研究。採資料包絡分析法評估績效後，再以Tobit迴歸模型探討女性董監事的比例對台灣上市銀行經營績效的影響，並加入可能影響銀行經營績效的因素作為解釋變數，包括：資本適足率、逾放比率、銀行規模、政府持股比率、銀行是否加入金控、以及時間變數等因素。實證結果發現，女性董事的比例對於銀行的經營績效在統計上有負向的影響，而女性監察人的比例則沒有顯著的影響。建議末來可繼續研究女性董監事與其它產業的績效關係，以增加女性董監事與台灣產業間之關聯性的研究。
At present, the studies of female directors and financial performances are mostly in foreign documents, and there are only three studies from Taiwan which are based on multiple regression analysis approach of research; only one of those studies focus on financial industry. The global economic development in the future will be changed along with the level of female participation in the workplace and the enhancement of their socio-economic capabilities. Moreover, banking has a close and tight relationship with economic developments. Therefore, this study was based on the traceable data of 21 listed banks in Taiwan from 2006 to 2011 (i.e., 126 sample observations) to proceed the empirical research. After adopting data envelopment analysis to evaluate the performances, it used tobit censored regression model to discuss the influence of the operational performance of listed banks in Taiwan along with the proportion of female directors and supervisors. It also added the possible factors that may affect the banks’ performance as explanatory variables including Capital Adequacy ratio, Non-Performing Loans ratio, size of banks, Public Shareholding ratio, joining in financial holding, time variables and other factors. The result of the study showed that statistically there is a negative effect to the operational performance of the banks along with the proportion of female directors; however, there is no significant impact affected by the proportion of female supervisors. In the future it suggested that the study can be continued researching about the influence of the operational performances in other industries by the proportion of female directors and supervisors in order to increase the research of the correlation between female directors/supervisors and industry performance in Taiwan.
參考文獻 一、中文文獻
     王克陸、彭雅惠、陳美燁（2007），「台灣金控子銀行經營績效之評估－使用DEA方法」，《科技管理學刊》(台北)，12(2)，頁1-28。
     王國樑、張美玲、陳麗雪（2009），「台灣地方法院管理效率之探討：三階段資料包絡分析法之應用」，《管理學報》(台北)，26（5），頁559-576。
     江淑玲、張佳萱（2008），「併入金控公司對銀行業經營效率影響之分析」，《創新與管理》(台北)，6(1)，頁89-117。
     李宗榮（2006），「婆婆媽媽董事長」，《Cheers》(台北)，73，頁24。
     李素華（2008），《地方政府環保經營績效之評估-模糊資料包絡分析法之應用》。台北：元智大學管理研究所碩士論文。
     何文榮、詹益郎、邱文鑑（2008），「非金控體系銀行業經營績效之探討」，《全球管理與經濟》(台北)，4(2)，頁15-44。
     林雅惠、嚴奇峰、楊燿鴻（2012），「臺灣金控產業經營效率之研究--資料包絡分析法」，《萬能商學學報》(台北)，17，頁139-158。
     吳濟華、何柏正（2008），「組織效率與生產力評估－資料包絡分析法」。台北：前程文化事業出版社。
     許鈺珮、張錫介（2005），「金融控股公司法實施對台灣銀行業經營效率之分析」，《金融風險管理季刊》(台北)，1(2)，頁33-56。
     陳添智（2006），《金控與非金控銀行經營績效影響因素之探討》。台北：國立政治大學行政管理碩士學程研究所碩士論文。
     陳姿郡（2010），《我國上市櫃公司女性董監事比例對投資決策與公司績效之影響》。台北：國立臺北大學企業管理學系碩士論文。
     陳志豪（2011），《女性董事、公司決策與公司績效關聯性之研究-以中國大陸企業為例》。台北：國立彰化師範大學商業教育學系碩士論文。
     陳姿穎（2012），《台灣銀行業逾放比率影響因素之探討》。台北：國立政治大學行政管理碩士學程研究所碩士論文。
     張驥（2008），《董事會中女性董事之參與與舞弊發生之關聯之研究》。台北：國立政治大學會計學系碩士論文。
     趙亦珍（2000），《女性創業家性別角色與創業行為之研究》。台北：國立中山大學人力資源管理研究所碩士論文。
     廖文雄（2009），《2008年金融海嘯前後本國銀行經營績效比較之研究》。台北：銘傳大學國際企業學系碩士論文。
     廖淑雅（2011），《董事會中女性董監事、公司治理與公司經營績效關聯
      研究-以臺灣上市金融業為例》。台北：世新大學管理學院財務金融學
      系碩士論文。
     劉松瑜、謝燧琪、溫育芳（2006），「台灣銀行業在金控與非金控架構下之效率分析」，《台灣金融財務季刊》(台北)，7(3)，頁127-176。
     賴偉傑（2010），《女性董事、公司治理與財務績效-以臺灣上市公司為例》。台北：國立臺北大學金融與合作經營學系碩士論文。
     Dalton, Dan R. and Catherine M. Dalton (2009)，「女性挺進董事會」，《哈佛商業評論》(台北)，29，頁23。
     二、英文文獻
     Aly, H., R.Grabowski, C. Pasurka, and N. Rangan (1990) ,“Technical, Scale, and Allocation Efficiencies in U.S. Banking: An Empirical Investigation.” Review of Economics and Statistics, 72(2), 211-218.
     Allen, F. and D. Gale (1999), Comparing Financial Systems.Cambridge , MA: MIT Press.
     Abbott M. and C. Doucouliagos (2003), “The Efficiency of Australian Universities: A Data Envelopment Analysis.” Economics of Education Review ,22(2),89–97.
     Adams, R.B. and D. Ferreira (2009), “Women in the Boardroom and Their Impact on Governance and Performance.” Journal of Financial Economics, 94(2), 291-309.
     Banker, R.D., A. Charnes, and W. W. Cooper (1984), “Some Models for Estimating Technical and Scale Inefficiencies in Data Envelopment Analysis.” Management Science, 30(9), 1078-1092.
     Berger, A. N., W. C. Hunter, and S. G. Tim (1993) , “The Efficiency of Financial Institutions：A Review and Preview of Research Past, Present, and Future.” Journal of Banking and Finance, 17(2/3), 221-249.
     Brush, C. D. (1992), “Research on Women Business Owners: Past Trends, A New Perspective and Future Directions.” Journal of Entrepreneurship： Theory and Practice, 16 (4), 5-30.
     Byrnes J. P., D. C. Miller, and W. D. Schafer (1999) , “Gender Differences in Risk-Taking: A Meta-Analysis,”Psychological Bulletin, 125(3), 367-383.
     Charnes, A. W., W. Cooper, and E. Rhodes (1978), “Measuring the Efficiency of Decision Making Units.” European Journal of Operational Research, 2(6), 429-444.
     Chaganti, R. and S. Parasuraman. (1996), “ A Study of The Impact of Gender on Business Performance and Management Patterns in Small Business.” Journal of Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 21 (2).73-76.
     Chen, T. Y. and T. L. Yeh (2000), “A Measurement of Banking Efficency, Ownership and Productivity Changes in Taiwan.” The Service Industries Journal, 20(1), 95-109.
     Carter, D. A., B. J. Simkins, and W. G. Simpson (2003), “Corporate Governance, Board Diversity, and Firm Value.” The Financial Review, 38(1), 33-53.
     Campbell, K. and A. Minguez-Vera (2008), “Gender Diversity in the Boardroom and Firm Financial Performance.” Journal of Business Ethics, 83(3), 435-451.
     Carter, N. M. and H. M. Wagner (2011), The Bottom Line: Corporate Performance and Women’s Representation on Boards (2004–2008). http://www.catalyst.org/publication/479/the-bottom-line-corporate-performance-and-womens-representation-on-boards-20042008.
     Dallas, L. L. (2002) , “The New Managerialism and Diversity on Corporate Boards of Directors.” Tulane Law Review.76, 1363- 1405.
     Drake, L. and M.J.B. Hall (2003), “Efficiency in Japanese Banking: An Empirical Analysis.” Journal of Banking and Finance, 27(5), 891-917.
     Ehrhart, N. L., J. D. Werbel, and C. B. Shrader (2003), “Board of Director Diversity and Firm Financial Performance.” Corporate Governance , 11(2), 102-111.
     Farrell, M. J. (1957), “The Measurement of Productive Efficiency.” Journal of
     Royal Statistical Society, 120(3), 253-281.
     Francoeur, C., R. Labelle, and B. Sinclair-Desgagne (2007), “Gender diversity in Corporate Governance and Top Management.”Journal of Business Ethics, 81(1), 83-95.
     Golany, B. and Y. Roll (1989), “An Application Procedure for DEA.”Omega,17(3), 237-250.
     Ghosh, S. (2005) , “Does Leverage Influence Banks’ Non-Performing Loans？Evidence from India.”Applied Economics Letters, 12(15),913-918.
     Kramer, V. W., A. M. Konrad, and S. Erkut (2006), Critical Mass on Corporate Boards: Why Three or More Women Enhance Governance. Wellesley Centers For Women, Report No. WCW 11. Wellesley, MA: Wellesley Centers for Women.
     Land, K.C., C. A. K. Lovell, and S. Thore (1993), “Chance-Constrained Data Envelopment Analysis.” Managerial and Decision Economics, 14(6), 541-554.
     Lin, T.T., C. C. Lee, and T.F. Chiu (2009), “Application of DEA in Analyzing a Bank’s Operating Performance.”Expert Systems with Applications, 36(5), 8883-8891.
     McCarty, T.A. and S. Yaisawarng (1993), “Technical Efficiency in New Jersey School Districts in the Measurement of Productive Efficiency.” In H. O. Fried, C. A. K. Lovell and S. S. Schmidt (eds.), Techniques and Applications. New York: Oxford University Press, 271-287.
     Miller, S.M. and A.G. Noulas (1996), “The Technical Efficiency of Large Bank Production.” Journal of Banking and Finance, 20(3), 495-509.
     Miller, T. and M. D. Triana (2009), “Demographic Diversity in the Boardroom: Mediators of the Board Diversity-Firm Performance Relationship.” Journal of Management Studies, 46(5), 755-786.
     Rosener, J. B. (1990) , “ Way Women Lead,”Harvard Business Review ,68(6), 119-125.
     Sherman, H. D. and F. Gold (1985), “Bank Branch Operating Efficiency:
     Evaluatio with Data Envelopment Analysis.” Journal of Banking and
     Finance, 9(2), 297-315.
     Shrader, C. B., V.B. Blackburn and P. Iles (1997), “Women in Management and Firm Financial Performance: An Exploratory Study.”Journal of Managerial Issues ,9 (3), 355-372.
     Yue, P. (1992), “Data Envelopment Analysis and Commercial Bank Performance: A Primer with Applications to Missouri Banks.” Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Review, 74(1), 31-45.
     三、網際網路
     行政院金融監督管理委員會，.
     行政院主計處統計專區(2012)，女性勞動力的崛起，
     台灣經濟新報，
描述 碩士
國立政治大學
行政管理碩士學程
100921231
101
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0100921231
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 黃智聰zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 黃偉銘zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) Huang, Wei Mingen_US
dc.creator (作者) 黃偉銘zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) Huang, Wei Mingen_US
dc.date (日期) 2012en_US
dc.date.accessioned 2-Sep-2013 17:24:51 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 2-Sep-2013 17:24:51 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 2-Sep-2013 17:24:51 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0100921231en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/59559-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 行政管理碩士學程zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 100921231zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 101zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 目前對於女性董事與財務績效的研究，以國外的文獻居多，台灣的研究僅有3篇，皆是以複迴歸的方式來進行研究分析，僅有一篇是針對金融業進行研究。未來全球經濟的發展，將隨著女性職場上參與程度和社經能力的提升而有所改變。而銀行業對經濟發展有密不可分的關係，故本研究以臺灣21間上市銀行2006年至2011年間的追蹤資料（即126筆樣本觀察值）來進行實證研究。採資料包絡分析法評估績效後，再以Tobit迴歸模型探討女性董監事的比例對台灣上市銀行經營績效的影響，並加入可能影響銀行經營績效的因素作為解釋變數，包括：資本適足率、逾放比率、銀行規模、政府持股比率、銀行是否加入金控、以及時間變數等因素。實證結果發現，女性董事的比例對於銀行的經營績效在統計上有負向的影響，而女性監察人的比例則沒有顯著的影響。建議末來可繼續研究女性董監事與其它產業的績效關係，以增加女性董監事與台灣產業間之關聯性的研究。zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) At present, the studies of female directors and financial performances are mostly in foreign documents, and there are only three studies from Taiwan which are based on multiple regression analysis approach of research; only one of those studies focus on financial industry. The global economic development in the future will be changed along with the level of female participation in the workplace and the enhancement of their socio-economic capabilities. Moreover, banking has a close and tight relationship with economic developments. Therefore, this study was based on the traceable data of 21 listed banks in Taiwan from 2006 to 2011 (i.e., 126 sample observations) to proceed the empirical research. After adopting data envelopment analysis to evaluate the performances, it used tobit censored regression model to discuss the influence of the operational performance of listed banks in Taiwan along with the proportion of female directors and supervisors. It also added the possible factors that may affect the banks’ performance as explanatory variables including Capital Adequacy ratio, Non-Performing Loans ratio, size of banks, Public Shareholding ratio, joining in financial holding, time variables and other factors. The result of the study showed that statistically there is a negative effect to the operational performance of the banks along with the proportion of female directors; however, there is no significant impact affected by the proportion of female supervisors. In the future it suggested that the study can be continued researching about the influence of the operational performances in other industries by the proportion of female directors and supervisors in order to increase the research of the correlation between female directors/supervisors and industry performance in Taiwan.en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents 第一章、緒論 1
     第一節、研究背景、動機與目的 1
     第二節、研究範圍與限制 5
     第三節、研究架構與流程 7
     第二章、文獻回顧 9
     第一節、女性董監事與經營績效之文獻 9
     第二節、金融機構經營績效相關之文獻 16
     第三章、台灣銀行業之發展及女性董監事之概況分析 24
     第一節、台灣銀行業之發展 24
     第二節、女性董監事之概況分析 35
     第四章、研究設計與方法 39
     第一節、資料包絡分析法之基本理論 39
     第二節、變數的選取與分析項目 44
     第三節、Tobit截斷迴歸實證模型 49
     第五章、實證結果與分析 57
     第一節、資料包絡分析法之實證分析 57
     第二節、Tobit迴歸分析 68
     第六章、結論與建議 79
     第一節、結論 79
     第二節、研究建議 82
     參考文獻 84		zh_TW
dc.language.iso en_US-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0100921231en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 資料包絡分析法zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 女性董監事zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 銀行績效zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Tobit迴歸模型zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) data envelopment analysisen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) emale directors and supervisorsen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) bank performanceen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) tobit regression modelen_US
dc.title (題名) 台灣上市銀行女性董監事的比例與其經營績效之關係zh_TW
dc.title (題名) The relationship between the proportion of female directors and supervisors in listed banks in Taiwan and the operational performance of the banksen_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 一、中文文獻
     王克陸、彭雅惠、陳美燁（2007），「台灣金控子銀行經營績效之評估－使用DEA方法」，《科技管理學刊》(台北)，12(2)，頁1-28。
     王國樑、張美玲、陳麗雪（2009），「台灣地方法院管理效率之探討：三階段資料包絡分析法之應用」，《管理學報》(台北)，26（5），頁559-576。
     江淑玲、張佳萱（2008），「併入金控公司對銀行業經營效率影響之分析」，《創新與管理》(台北)，6(1)，頁89-117。
     李宗榮（2006），「婆婆媽媽董事長」，《Cheers》(台北)，73，頁24。
     李素華（2008），《地方政府環保經營績效之評估-模糊資料包絡分析法之應用》。台北：元智大學管理研究所碩士論文。
     何文榮、詹益郎、邱文鑑（2008），「非金控體系銀行業經營績效之探討」，《全球管理與經濟》(台北)，4(2)，頁15-44。
     林雅惠、嚴奇峰、楊燿鴻（2012），「臺灣金控產業經營效率之研究--資料包絡分析法」，《萬能商學學報》(台北)，17，頁139-158。
     吳濟華、何柏正（2008），「組織效率與生產力評估－資料包絡分析法」。台北：前程文化事業出版社。
     許鈺珮、張錫介（2005），「金融控股公司法實施對台灣銀行業經營效率之分析」，《金融風險管理季刊》(台北)，1(2)，頁33-56。
     陳添智（2006），《金控與非金控銀行經營績效影響因素之探討》。台北：國立政治大學行政管理碩士學程研究所碩士論文。
     陳姿郡（2010），《我國上市櫃公司女性董監事比例對投資決策與公司績效之影響》。台北：國立臺北大學企業管理學系碩士論文。
     陳志豪（2011），《女性董事、公司決策與公司績效關聯性之研究-以中國大陸企業為例》。台北：國立彰化師範大學商業教育學系碩士論文。
     陳姿穎（2012），《台灣銀行業逾放比率影響因素之探討》。台北：國立政治大學行政管理碩士學程研究所碩士論文。
     張驥（2008），《董事會中女性董事之參與與舞弊發生之關聯之研究》。台北：國立政治大學會計學系碩士論文。
     趙亦珍（2000），《女性創業家性別角色與創業行為之研究》。台北：國立中山大學人力資源管理研究所碩士論文。
     廖文雄（2009），《2008年金融海嘯前後本國銀行經營績效比較之研究》。台北：銘傳大學國際企業學系碩士論文。
     廖淑雅（2011），《董事會中女性董監事、公司治理與公司經營績效關聯
      研究-以臺灣上市金融業為例》。台北：世新大學管理學院財務金融學
      系碩士論文。
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     Lin, T.T., C. C. Lee, and T.F. Chiu (2009), “Application of DEA in Analyzing a Bank’s Operating Performance.”Expert Systems with Applications, 36(5), 8883-8891.
     McCarty, T.A. and S. Yaisawarng (1993), “Technical Efficiency in New Jersey School Districts in the Measurement of Productive Efficiency.” In H. O. Fried, C. A. K. Lovell and S. S. Schmidt (eds.), Techniques and Applications. New York: Oxford University Press, 271-287.
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     Miller, T. and M. D. Triana (2009), “Demographic Diversity in the Boardroom: Mediators of the Board Diversity-Firm Performance Relationship.” Journal of Management Studies, 46(5), 755-786.
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     三、網際網路
     行政院金融監督管理委員會，.
     行政院主計處統計專區(2012)，女性勞動力的崛起，
     台灣經濟新報，		zh_TW