學術產出-學位論文
文章檢視/開啟
書目匯出
-
題名 中國經濟成長於拉丁美洲及加勒比海地區之影響：以秘魯為例(1990-2011)
The Impact of China`s Economic Growth in Latin America and the Caribbean Region: The Peruvian Case (1990-2011)作者 克里斯緹 貢獻者 邱稔壤
克里斯緹關鍵詞 秘魯
拉丁美洲及加勒比地區
台灣
中國
投資流入
競爭關係
Peru
Latin America and the Caribbean
Taiwan
China
investment inflows
foreign direct investment日期 2013 上傳時間 2-九月-2013 17:41:25 (UTC+8) 摘要 數十年以前我們可能無法想像亞洲巨人－中國，會被視為世界上最具吸引力的市場，而中國商業和經濟環境備受關注，不單由於該國快速的經濟成長，更因其成功的本質。現今世界經濟聚焦於如何與中國建立更緊密的關係。從未來的觀點看來，將直接影響我們商業方向、學術舞台、貿易政策決策和投資方向。 本論文試圖研析秘魯90年代的經濟，政治和社會改革，做為和中國建立更緊密經貿關係的一途徑。從較普遍的案例著手，分析中國崛起所帶來的影響，以拉丁美洲和加勒比地區作為一個整體，討論中國的經濟在此區域的影響力，更以秘魯做為案例來研究。於探討秘魯的案例時，將著眼於秘魯－中國自由貿易區建立前後的貿易機會和現今兩國間的經濟關係。為了研究雙方貿易政策問題上的互補關係，我將簡要分析中國在拉丁美洲及加勒比海地區的「走出去」戰略，以及此戰略為區域間帶來的機會。 此份論文佐證了中國在國際市場上的地位，使秘魯經濟在1991-2011年間增長。其次，秘魯在90年代提出的貿易開放政策，使其能夠充分利用中國市場提供的機會。最後，證實了來自中國的商品和服務的需求不斷增長，積極的影響了秘魯的傳統和非傳統產品的出口。
Some decades ago, we wouldn’t have imagined that this Asian giant, China, would be categorized as the most attractive markets in the world. The business and economic environment is under investigation, not just because of its faster economic growth but also due to the nature of its success. Nowadays, the economic world is focusing in establishing closer ties with China because the future perspectives ensure us that it will have direct implications in business directions, academic arena, trade policy decisions, and investments directions. This thesis attempts to study the case of Peruvian economic, political and social reforms during the 1990s as a way to establish closer economic and trade relations with China. The impact of China’s rise will be analyzed from a more general case, meaning China’s economic impact in the Latin American and the Caribbean region as a whole, followed by the impact in the specific case of the Peruvian economy. The Peruvian case will focus in the trade opportunities before and after the FTA Peru-China and the current economic relations of both countries. In order to see the complementary relation in matters of trade policies, the research will include a brief analysis of China’s “going global” policy to the Latin American and the Caribbean region and the opportunities it will bring to the region. The study found enough evidence to confirm the fact that China’s position in the international market enabled the Peruvian economic growth during the period 1991-2011. Second, the opening trade policies raised by Peru during the 1990s enabled it to take advantage of the opportunities offered by the Chinese market. Finally, we corroborated that the growing demand of goods and services from China has influenced Peruvian exports of traditional and non-traditional products in a positive way.參考文獻 General LiteratureChee, Harold, y Chris West. Myths about doing business in China. New York: Palgrave Mcmillan, 2007.Dilip, K. China and India: A tale of two economies. Great Britain: Routledge, 2006.Dossani, Rafoq. India Arriving. New York: AMACOM, 2008.Robyn, Meredith. The Elephant and the Dragon. New York: W. W. Norton & Company, Inc.,, 2007.Subramanian, Arvind. ECLIPSE: Living in the Shadow of China’s Economic Dominance. Washington D.C.: Peterson Institute for International Economics, 2011.Wade, Robert. Governing the Market. New Yersey: Princeton University Press, 1992.Bermúdez Torres, and César Augusto. “Mercosur Y Unasur: Una mirada a la integracion regional a comienzos del siglo XXI." Memorias Revista Digital de Historia y Arqueología desde el Caribe Colombiano, Año 8, No 14 (June 2011):1-30. Accessed Feb. 2013. http://www.scielo.org.co/pdf/memor/n14/n14a09.pdf.Bouzas, Roberto. “El nuevo regionalismo y el área de libre comercio de las Américas: un enfoque menos indulgente." Revista de la CEPAL 85 (April 2005):1-12. Accessed March 2013. http://www.eclac.org/publicaciones/xml/4/21034/lcg2266eBouzas.pdf.Bouët, Antoine , Valdete Berisha-Krasniqui, Carmen Estrades, and David Laborde. “Trade and investment in Latin America and Asia: Potential perspectives from further integration." International Food Policy Research Institute (Jan. 2011):1-52. Accessed March 2013. http://www.ifpri.org/sites/default/files/publications/ifpridp01060.pdf.Bustelo, Pablo. “¿Chindia o China más India? Complementariedad y competencia económicas entre dos gigantes asiáticos." Revista de Economía Mundial Vol. 20 Universidad Complutense de Madrid (April 2008 2007): 1-24. Accessed May 2012. http://pendientedemigracion.ucm.es/info/eid/pb/Bustelo07rem.pdf._. “Nuevas potencias emergentes: el auge de China e India y sus implicaciones para España." Revista de Economía Mundial Vols. Nº 2/2008,Universidad Complutense de Madrid (Feb.2008):1-25. Accessed Dec.2012. http://pendientedemigracion.ucm.es/info/eid/pb/Bustelo%20-%20RIEE08.pdf.Carranza, Eliana , Jorge Fernández-Baca, and Eduardo Morón. “Perú: Markets, Government and the Sources of Growth." Global Development Network (2004): 1-37.Accessed Dec. 2012. http://lacea.org/WEB/country_studies/peru.pdf.Carlson, Allen. “Constructing the dragon`s scales: China`s approach to territorial sovereignty and border relations in the 1980s and 1900s." Journal of Contemporary China (Jun 2010): 23.Accessed Oct. 2012. http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/1067056032000117704.Chen, Xiaoli , and Yin-Wong Cheung. “Renminbi Going Global." China & World Econom, Institute of World Economics and Politics, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (Fe. 2011):1-18. Accessed Oct. 2011. http://economics.ucsc.edu/research/downloads/renminbi-going-global.pdf.Comunidad Andina. “El Comercio Exterior de Bienes entre la Comunidad Andina y Asia-Pacífico." Statistical report, Comunidad Andina (2012): 1-23. Accessed Dec 2012. http://estadisticas.comunidadandina.org/eportal/contenidos/1839_8.pdf.Cuervo Cazurra, Alvaro. “Economic Relationships between Latin America and Asia: A new Research Frontier." Globalization, Competitiveness & Governability Journal UNIVERSIA (2012):1-154.Accessed Dec. 2012. http://gcg.universia.net/pdfs_revistas/articulo_214_1335526761140.pdf.Dancourt, Oscar. “Reformas Estructurales y Política Macroeconómica en el Perú: 1990-1996." Consorcio de Investigación Económica, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú (May 1997):1-48. Accessed Jan. 2013. http://departamento.pucp.edu.pe/economia/images/documentos/DDD134.pdf.Dethlefsen, Knut. “China`s Foreign Policy in Transition." Bibliothek der Friedrich Ebert Stiftung (2004):1-4. Accessed July 2012. http://library.fes.de/pdf-files/iez/global/02015.pdf.Dobson, Wendy, and Paul R. Masson. “Will the renminbi become a world currency?" China Economic Review (2009):1-32. Accessed Nov. 2012. http://economics.ca/2009/papers/0428.pdf.Economic Comission for Latin America and the Caribbean. “Foreign Investment in Latin America and the Caribbean." Annual Report ECLAC (2005):1-171.Accessed Nov. 2012. http://www.eclac.org/publicaciones/xml/2/24302/lcg2309i.pdf.Escudé, Carlos. “Realismo Periferico. Una filosofia de politica exterior para estados debiles." Universidad del CEMA, Documentos de Trabajo No 406 (Sep. 2009):1-19. Accessed Jan. 2013. http://www.ucema.edu.ar/publicaciones/download/documentos/406.pdf.Hanson, Gordon H. , and Raymond Robertson. “China and the Manufacturing Exports of other Developing Countries." National Bureau of Economic Research (Jan. 2008):1-33. Accessed Oct. 2012. http://irps.ucsd.edu/assets/022/8776.pdf.Hsiang, Antonio. “China Rising in Latin America: More Opportunities than Challenges.” Journal of Emerging Knowledge on Emerging Markets (Nov. 2009): 1-16. Accessed Oct. 2013. http://digitalcommons.kennesaw.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1003&context=jekemKamiya, Marco, and César Ramírez. “La Industrua Automotriz: Desarrollos en China y sus implicancias para Latinoamérica." ESAN-Cuadernos de Difusion Vol. 9 (Dec. 2004):1-16. Accessed April 2013. http://jefas.esan.edu.pe/index.php/jefas/article/view/162.Kotschwar, Barbara , Theodore H. Moran, and Julia Muir. “Chinese Investment in Latin American Resources: The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly." Peterson Institute for International Economics (Feb. 2012):1-36. Accessed Jan. 2013. http://www.piie.com/publications/wp/wp12-3.pdf.León Manríquez, José Luis. “China-América Latina: una relación económica diferenciada." Revista Mexicana de Política Exterior 203 n.d:1-21. Accessed Nov. 2012. http://www.nuso.org/upload/articulos/3349_1.pdf.Liqun, Zhu. “China`s Foreign Policy Debates." ISS European Union Institute for Security Studies (Sep. 2010): 1-80. Accessed Dec. 2012. http://www.iss.europa.eu/uploads/media/cp121-China_s_Foreign_Policy_Debates.pdf.Liu , Yongtao. “Promote China-Latin American Relations in the 21st Century." Globalization, Competitiveness & Governavility Journal (2012):1-154. Accessed March 2012. http://gcg.universia.net/pdfs_revistas/articulo_219_1335526850078.pdf.McClintock, Cynthia. “Resucitando la designación de régimen autoritario? Perú bajo Fujimori, 1995-1998." Fundación Friedrich Ebert (1999):1-30.Accessed Nov. 2012. http://lasa.international.pitt.edu/LASA98/McClintock.pdf.Moneta, Carlos. “Comercio e Integracion Intraindustrial en el Asia Pacifico: perspectivas de vinculacion con America Latina." Instituto de Servicio Exterior de la Nacion - Argentina (May 1995): 1-25. Accessed Jan. 2013. http://asiayargentina.com/pdf/64-Isen.PDF.Tellis, Ashley J., Andrew Marble, and Travis Tanner. “Asia’s rising power and America’s Continued Purpose." The National Bureau of Asian Research, (2010):1-60. Accessed Feb. 2013. http://nbr.org/publications/strategic_asia/pdf/SA10_ExecutiveBrief.pdf.Pizarro, Ramiro. “Comparative Analysis of regionalism in Latin American and Asia-Pacific." International Trade and Development Finance Division, ECLAC (Dec. 1999):1-51.Accessed Dec. 2012. http://www.eclac.org/publicaciones/xml/5/4285/lcl1307i.pdf.Prasad, Eswar, and Lei Ye. “Will the Renmmimbi Rule?" International Monetary Fund (IMF) (March 2012) Accessed Jan. 2013. http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/fandd/2012/03/prasad.htm.Ren-rang Chyou, Roberto. “Estrategias diplomáticas en torno al FOCALAE: naciente plataforma para la política latinoamericana de China Popular." PORTES, Revista Mexicana de Estudios sobre la Cuenca del Pacífico (June 2008):1-31.Accessed Feb. 2013. http://www.portesasiapacifico.com.mx/revistas/epocaiii/numero3/5.pdf.Taft-Morales, Maureen. “Peru in Brief: Political and Economic Conditions and Relations with the United States." Congressional Research Service (2012):1-20. Accessed Jan. 2013. http://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/row/R42523.pdf.Tung, Chen-yuan, Guo-chen Wang, and Jason Yeh. “Renminbi Internationalization: Progress, Prospect and Comparison." China & World Economy- Institute of World Economics and Politics, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (Oct. 2012):1-20.Accessed March 2013. DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-124X.2012.01302.x.Van Klaveren, Alberto. “América Latina: hacia un regionalismo abierto." Revista de Estudios Internacionales- Universidad de Chile (1997):1-17. Accessed Dec. 2012. http://www.revistaei.uchile.cl/index.php/REI/article/viewFile/15176/19331.Wu, Friedrich. “The Renminbi Challenge: The future role of the Chinese currency." The Magazine of International Economic Policy Vol. 3 No 24 (2009):1-31. Accessed March 2013. http://www.questia.com/library/1G1-229220624/the-renminbi-challenge-the-future-role-of-the-chinese.Zeng, Ka. “Multilateral versus Bilateral and Regional Trade Liberalization: explaining China`s pursuit of free trade agreements (FTAs)." Journal of Contemporary China (2010):1-17. Accessed Dec. 2012. 10.1080/10670564.2010.485400BooksEichengreen , Barry, Poonam Gupta , and Rajiv Kumar. Emerging Giants: China and India in the World Economy, New York: Oxford University Press, 2010.Wu, Li, and Fumin Sui. China`s Economy, Singapore: Cengage Learning Asia Pte Ltd, 2010. JournalsBenzi, Daniele. “América Latina: ¿Un territorio en disputa?" Rivista del Centro Studi per l`America Latina No 5, Luglio 2011, Issn 2035-6633 (2011): 18-31.Bittencourt, Gustavo. “El impacto de China en América Latina: comercio e inversiones." Red Mercosur de Investigaciones Económicas (2012): 1-320Blázquez-Lidoy, Jorge , Javier Rodríguez, and Javier Santiso. “¿Ángel o demonio? Los efectos del comercio chino." Revista de la CEPAL 90 ( 2006): 17-43.Calle, María Alejandra. “A brief note about the China-Latin American Trade Partnership." Revista de Negocios Internacionales. Vol. 3 Nº 2 - Universidad EAFIT (2010):57-63.Dancourt, Oscar. “Reformas Estructurales y Politica Macroeconomica en el Peru: 1990-96." Consorcio de Investigacion Economica (1997): 1-48.Gallagher, Kevin P., “China and the Future of Latin American Industrialization." Issues in Brief No. 18 (2010).Gonzalez-Vicente, Ruben “Mapping Chinese Mining Investment, with a Focus on Latin America: Politics or Market?.” University of Cambridge, Department of Geography (2011):26-27.León-Manríquez, José Luis. “China-América Latina: una relación Económica diferenciada." Revista Mexicana de Politica Exterior No 75(2005): 27-47.Mauricio Pachas, Pablo. “Desafios para el Peru:APEC y TLC." Gestión en el Tercer Milenio, Rev. de Investigación de la Facultad de Ciencias Administrativas, UNMSM, (July 2006):1-14.Montenegro, Claudio E. , Mariana Pereira, and Isidro Soloaga. “El efecto de China en el comercio internacional de América Latina." Revista Estudios de Economia de la Universidad de Chile Vol. 38, No 2 (2011): 341-368.Paredes, Carlos , y Jeffrey Sachs. “Estabilización y Crecimiento en el Perú". Grupo de Análisis para el Desarrollo GRADE (1991): 1-430.Pascó-Font, Alberto , and Jaime Saavedra. “Reformas Estructurales y Bienestar: Una mirada al Perú de los noventa". Grupo de Análisis para el Desarrollo-GRADE (2001):1-296Quer, Diego, Claver, Enrique, and Rienda, Laura, “Negocios y Dirección Estratégica de Empresas en China e India". Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Boletin Economico de ICE Vols. 2957 (2009): 39-54.Rojas, Jorge. "El Influjo de Capitales al Perú, 1990-1998. “Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú (PUCP), Documento de Trabajo 177 (December 1999):1- 31.E-JournalsAmsden, Alice H. “La sustitución de importaciones en las industrias de alta tecnología: Prebisch renace en Asia." Revista de la CEPAL 82, 2004: 1-16. Accessed June 2013. http://www.eclac.cl/publicaciones/xml/9/19409/lcg2220e-Amsden.pdf.Barros de Castro, Antonio , Édison Renato, and André Soares. “Investimentos Chineses No Brasil." Conselho Empresarial Brasil-China Ed. 1 (2011): 8-11, Accesed Jan. 2013. http://www.cebc.org.br/sites/default/files/carta-brasil_china_-_ed.1_-_final_0.pdf.Castillo, Paul , Carlos Montoro, and Vicente Tuesta. “Hechos Estilizados de la Economía Peruana." Banco Central de Reserva del Perú, Serie de Documentos de Trabajo DT. N°. 2006-05, Working Papers (2006):1-43/ Accessed March 2013. http://www.bcrp.gob.pe/docs/Publicaciones/Documentos-de-Trabajo/2006/Documento-Trabajo-05-2006.pdf.Dube Ryan. “The Pacific Alliance: Market-friendly Integration." Latin Trade (May, 2013). Accessed June 2013. http://latintrade.com/2013/05/the-pacific-alliance-market-friendly-integration.Evan, Ellis. “The Expanding Chinese Footprint in Latin America: New Challenges for China, and Dilemmas for the US." Institut francais de relations internationales-IFRI(2012): 1-36. Accessed Jan. 2013. http://www.ifri.org/?page=contribution-detail&id=7014.Izquierdo, Alejandro, and Ernesto Talvi. “One Region Two Speeds? Challenges of the New Global Economic Order for the Latin American and the Caribbean." Inter-American Development Bank, Latin America Research Network, Working Paper IDB-MG-109 ( 2011): 1-75. Accesed March 2013. http://idbdocs.iadb.org/wsdocs/getdocument.aspx?docnum=35816781Koleski, Katherine. "Backgrounder: China in Latin America." U.S-China Economic and Security Review Commission (2011): 1-18. Accesed March 2013. http://origin.www.uscc.gov/sites/default/files/Research/Backgrounder_China_in_Latin_America.pdf. International Relations and Security Network (ISM). “So What Kind of Economic Growth?" International Relations and Security Network (ISM), (February 9, 2012). Accessed June 2013. http://www.isn.ethz.ch/Digital-Library/Articles/Special-Feature/Detail/?lng=en&id=136933&contextid774=136933&contextid775=136932&tabid=136932.Ministerio de Comercio Exterior y Turismo (MINCETUR). Oficina General de Estudios Económicos, “Estudio de Aprovechamiento del TLC Perú – China: Primer Año de Vigencia del TLC." MINCETUR (2011): 1-25. Accesed May 2013. http://www.acuerdoscomerciales.gob.pe/images/stories/china/docs/Est_Aprov_TLC_China_1ano.pdf.Ministerio de Comercio Exterior y Turismo (MINCETUR). Oficina General de Estudios Económicos, “Estudio de Aprovechamiento del TLC Perú – China: Segundo Año de Vigencia del TLC." MINCETUR (2012): 1-28. Accesed May 2013. http://www.acuerdoscomerciales.gob.pe/images/stories/china/tlc_peru_china_2_ano_ogee_oeei_mayo_12.pdf.Ministerio de Economia y Finanzas del Perú (MEF). “Marco Macroeconomico Multianual 2014-2016." MEF (2013): 1-88. Accesed March 2013. http://www.mef.gob.pe/contenidos/pol_econ/marco_macro/MMM2014_2016.pdf.Ogujiuba, Kanayo, Uche Nwogwugwu, and Enwere Dike. “Import Substitution Industrialization as Learning Process: Sub Saharan African Experience as Distortion of the “Good” Business Model." Business and Management Review Vol. 1(6) , (2011): 08 – 21. Accessed June 2013. http://www.businessjournalz.org/articlepdf/bmrn61513.pdf.Pascó-Font, Alberto. “Políticas de Estabilización y Reformas Estructurales: Perú". Revista de la CEPAL 66, 2000: 1-6. Accessed July 2013. http://www.eclac.org/publicaciones/xml/9/4909/lcl373e.pdf.Roache, Shaun K. “China`s Impact on World Commodity Markets." International Monetary Fund (IMF),Working Paper (2012):1-24. Accesed April 2013. http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/wp/2012/wp12115.pdf.Sánchez Ancochea, Diego. “El impacto de China en América Latina: ¿oportunidad o amenaza?" Análisis del Real Instituto Elcano ( ARI ) , ISSN 1696-3466 Nº 119 (Nov. 2006):1-6. Accessed Feb. 2013. http://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=2187643.Sarmiento-Saher, Sebastian. “The Pacific Alliance: The America`s Bridge to Asia." The Diploma. (May 25, 2013). Accessed Jun 2013. http://thediplomat.com/pacific-money/2013/05/25/the-pacific-alliance-the-americas-bridge-to-asia/.Valencia, Robert. “The Pacific Alliance: A Promising Yardstick of Latin America`s Prosperity." Georgetown Journal of International Affairs (May 2013). Accessed June 2012. http://journal.georgetown.edu/2013/05/06/the-pacific-alliance-a-promising-yardstick-of-latin-americas-prosperity-by-robert-valencia/.Whalley, Jhon and Shekhar, Tanmaya.”The Rapidly Deepening India-China Economic Relationship". Ifo Institute – Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich (2010):1-34. Accessed Dec. 2012. https://www.econstor.eu/dspace/bitstream/10419/46571/1/638963591.pdf.WebpageCámara de Comercio Peruano China (CAPECHI). “Información Comercial Perú-China 2012. " Cámara de Comercio Peruano China. Accessed Feb. 2013. http://www.capechi.org.pe/_5_1.html. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA). “The World Factbook 2011." Central Intelligence Agency. Accessed Jan. 2013. https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/tw.html. China.com.cn. “XVII National PRCs Congress Report.” China.com.cn. Accessed Jun. 2013. http://www.china.com.cn/17da/node_7032458.htm.Chinadaily.com. “China’s Energy Policy 2012.” Chinadaily.com. Accessed Jun. 2013. http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/china/2012-10/24/content_15843745.htm.Chinese Government`s Official Web Portal. “China´s Policy Paper on Latin America and the Caribbean." Chinese Government`s Web Portal (2013). Accessed Jun. 2013. http://english.gov.cn/official/2008-11/05/content_1140347.htm.Embajada del Japón en el Perú. “Relaciones Bilaterales Perú- Japón 2013." Embajada del Japón en el Perú. Accessed Dec. 2012. http://www.pe.emb-japan.go.jp/esp/relaciones_bilaterales.htm.Embajada de la República Popular de China en México, “El Gobierno Chino Publica el Documento sobre la Política de China hacia Latin América y el Caribe." Embajada de la República Popular de China en México (2008). Accessed Jun. 2013. http://mx.china-embassy.org/esp/sgjs/t521322.htm.Ministerio de Comercio Exterior y Turismo (MINCETUR). “Acuerdos Comerciales del Perú." Ministerio de Comercio Exterior y Turismo. Accessed Jan. 2013. http://www.acuerdoscomerciales.gob.pe/index.php?option=com_aicontactsafe&view=message&layout=message&pf=1&Itemid=183.The World Bank. “World Development Indicators 2011.” The World Bank. Accessed Feb. 2013.http://data.worldbank.org/data-catalog/world-development-indicators?cid=GPD_WDI.Xinhuanet.com. “XV National PRCs Congress Report.” Xinhuanet.com. Accessed Jun. 2013. http://big5.xinhuanet.com/gate/big5/news.xinhuanet.com/ziliao/2003-01/20/content_697173.htm.Xinhuanet.com. “XVI National PRCs Congress Report.” Xinhuanet.com. Accessed Jun. 2013. http://big5.xinhuanet.com/gate/big5/news.xinhuanet.com/ziliao/2003-01/20/content_697330.htm.Other SourcesAlianza del Pacífico (AP). http://alianzapacifico.net/en/Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC). http://www.apec.org/Banco Central de Reserva del Perú (BCRP). http://www.bcrp.gob.pe/Cámara de Comercio Peruano China (CAPECHI). http://www.capechi.org.pe/China Viate. http://www.chinavitae.comEconomic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbena, United Nations (ECLAC). http://www.eclac.org/?idioma=INEuropean Comission. http://ec.europa.eu.European Society of International Law. http://www.esil-sedi.eu. 2012. http://www.esil-sedi.eu/whoswho/display.php?id=197Ministerio de Comercio Exterior y Turismo (MINCETUR). www.mincetur.gob.pe/newweb/Ministerio de Economia y Finanzas (MEF). http://www.mef.gob.pe/ 描述 碩士
國立政治大學
亞太研究英語碩士學位學程(IMAS)
100926039
102資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G1009260391 資料類型 thesis dc.contributor.advisor 邱稔壤 zh_TW dc.contributor.author (作者) 克里斯緹 zh_TW dc.creator (作者) 克里斯緹 zh_TW dc.date (日期) 2013 en_US dc.date.accessioned 2-九月-2013 17:41:25 (UTC+8) - dc.date.available 2-九月-2013 17:41:25 (UTC+8) - dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 2-九月-2013 17:41:25 (UTC+8) - dc.identifier (其他 識別碼) G1009260391 en_US dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/59613 - dc.description (描述) 碩士 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 亞太研究英語碩士學位學程(IMAS) zh_TW dc.description (描述) 100926039 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 102 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) 數十年以前我們可能無法想像亞洲巨人－中國，會被視為世界上最具吸引力的市場，而中國商業和經濟環境備受關注，不單由於該國快速的經濟成長，更因其成功的本質。現今世界經濟聚焦於如何與中國建立更緊密的關係。從未來的觀點看來，將直接影響我們商業方向、學術舞台、貿易政策決策和投資方向。 本論文試圖研析秘魯90年代的經濟，政治和社會改革，做為和中國建立更緊密經貿關係的一途徑。從較普遍的案例著手，分析中國崛起所帶來的影響，以拉丁美洲和加勒比地區作為一個整體，討論中國的經濟在此區域的影響力，更以秘魯做為案例來研究。於探討秘魯的案例時，將著眼於秘魯－中國自由貿易區建立前後的貿易機會和現今兩國間的經濟關係。為了研究雙方貿易政策問題上的互補關係，我將簡要分析中國在拉丁美洲及加勒比海地區的「走出去」戰略，以及此戰略為區域間帶來的機會。 此份論文佐證了中國在國際市場上的地位，使秘魯經濟在1991-2011年間增長。其次，秘魯在90年代提出的貿易開放政策，使其能夠充分利用中國市場提供的機會。最後，證實了來自中國的商品和服務的需求不斷增長，積極的影響了秘魯的傳統和非傳統產品的出口。 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) Some decades ago, we wouldn’t have imagined that this Asian giant, China, would be categorized as the most attractive markets in the world. The business and economic environment is under investigation, not just because of its faster economic growth but also due to the nature of its success. Nowadays, the economic world is focusing in establishing closer ties with China because the future perspectives ensure us that it will have direct implications in business directions, academic arena, trade policy decisions, and investments directions. This thesis attempts to study the case of Peruvian economic, political and social reforms during the 1990s as a way to establish closer economic and trade relations with China. The impact of China’s rise will be analyzed from a more general case, meaning China’s economic impact in the Latin American and the Caribbean region as a whole, followed by the impact in the specific case of the Peruvian economy. The Peruvian case will focus in the trade opportunities before and after the FTA Peru-China and the current economic relations of both countries. In order to see the complementary relation in matters of trade policies, the research will include a brief analysis of China’s “going global” policy to the Latin American and the Caribbean region and the opportunities it will bring to the region. The study found enough evidence to confirm the fact that China’s position in the international market enabled the Peruvian economic growth during the period 1991-2011. Second, the opening trade policies raised by Peru during the 1990s enabled it to take advantage of the opportunities offered by the Chinese market. Finally, we corroborated that the growing demand of goods and services from China has influenced Peruvian exports of traditional and non-traditional products in a positive way. en_US dc.description.tableofcontents Acknowledgement 3Abstract 4Chapter 1: Research’s Basic Characteristics 81.1 Introduction 101.2 Research Topic 101.3 Statement of the Research Problem 101.4 Formulation of the Research Problem 141.5 Research Objectives 141.6 Research Justification 151.7 Theoretical Framework 151.8 Research Hypothesis 191.9 Variables and Indicators 191.10 Research Type 201.11Research Method 201.12Information Collection and Processing 201.13Research Design 21Chapter 2: Research Results 232.1 Introduction 232.2 General Hypothesis Testing 232.3 Testing Specific Hypothesis 1 262.4 Testing Specific Hypothesis 2 282.5 Analysis and Interpretation of Hypothesis Testing 30Chapter 3: China’s Position in the International Market 323.1 Introduction 323.2 China’s Economic Development 323.3 China’s Foreign Policy to the Latin American and the Caribbean Region 373.3.1 China’s ODI policy 383.3.2 China`s Policy Paper on Latin America and the Caribbean 413.3.3 China’s Energy Policy 44Chapter 4: China’s Economic Growth Impact in Latin America and the Caribbean 464.1 Introduction 464.2 Economic Triangular Relations: China-Latin America-USA 464.3 New Economic Order Post Financial Crisis 484.4 Economic Relations between China and Latin America and the Caribbean Region 514.5 China and Latin America: Competitive or Complementary Relations 584.6 China’s FDI to Latin America and the Caribbean region 62Chapter 5: China’s Economic Growth Impact in the Peruvian Economy 685.1 Introduction 685.2 Peruvian Economic Development in the 1990s 685.3 Peruvian Economic Development in the 2000s 765.4 Bilateral Relations between China and Peru 815.5 Bilateral Relations between China and Peru after Free Trade Agreement 855.6 China’s Market opportunities for Peruvian companies 91Chapter 6: Conclusions and Suggestions 966.1 Conclusion 966.2 Suggestions 97Bibliography 100Appendix 108 zh_TW dc.format.extent 4561667 bytes - dc.format.mimetype application/pdf - dc.language.iso en_US - dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G1009260391 en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) 秘魯 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 拉丁美洲及加勒比地區 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 台灣 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 中國 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 投資流入 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 競爭關係 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) Peru en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Latin America and the Caribbean en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Taiwan en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) China en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) investment inflows en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) foreign direct investment en_US dc.title (題名) 中國經濟成長於拉丁美洲及加勒比海地區之影響：以秘魯為例(1990-2011) zh_TW dc.title (題名) The Impact of China`s Economic Growth in Latin America and the Caribbean Region: The Peruvian Case (1990-2011) en_US dc.type (資料類型) thesis en dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) General LiteratureChee, Harold, y Chris West. Myths about doing business in China. New York: Palgrave Mcmillan, 2007.Dilip, K. China and India: A tale of two economies. Great Britain: Routledge, 2006.Dossani, Rafoq. India Arriving. New York: AMACOM, 2008.Robyn, Meredith. The Elephant and the Dragon. New York: W. W. Norton & Company, Inc.,, 2007.Subramanian, Arvind. ECLIPSE: Living in the Shadow of China’s Economic Dominance. Washington D.C.: Peterson Institute for International Economics, 2011.Wade, Robert. Governing the Market. New Yersey: Princeton University Press, 1992.Bermúdez Torres, and César Augusto. “Mercosur Y Unasur: Una mirada a la integracion regional a comienzos del siglo XXI." Memorias Revista Digital de Historia y Arqueología desde el Caribe Colombiano, Año 8, No 14 (June 2011):1-30. Accessed Feb. 2013. http://www.scielo.org.co/pdf/memor/n14/n14a09.pdf.Bouzas, Roberto. “El nuevo regionalismo y el área de libre comercio de las Américas: un enfoque menos indulgente." Revista de la CEPAL 85 (April 2005):1-12. Accessed March 2013. http://www.eclac.org/publicaciones/xml/4/21034/lcg2266eBouzas.pdf.Bouët, Antoine , Valdete Berisha-Krasniqui, Carmen Estrades, and David Laborde. “Trade and investment in Latin America and Asia: Potential perspectives from further integration." International Food Policy Research Institute (Jan. 2011):1-52. Accessed March 2013. http://www.ifpri.org/sites/default/files/publications/ifpridp01060.pdf.Bustelo, Pablo. “¿Chindia o China más India? Complementariedad y competencia económicas entre dos gigantes asiáticos." Revista de Economía Mundial Vol. 20 Universidad Complutense de Madrid (April 2008 2007): 1-24. Accessed May 2012. http://pendientedemigracion.ucm.es/info/eid/pb/Bustelo07rem.pdf._. “Nuevas potencias emergentes: el auge de China e India y sus implicaciones para España." Revista de Economía Mundial Vols. Nº 2/2008,Universidad Complutense de Madrid (Feb.2008):1-25. Accessed Dec.2012. http://pendientedemigracion.ucm.es/info/eid/pb/Bustelo%20-%20RIEE08.pdf.Carranza, Eliana , Jorge Fernández-Baca, and Eduardo Morón. “Perú: Markets, Government and the Sources of Growth." Global Development Network (2004): 1-37.Accessed Dec. 2012. http://lacea.org/WEB/country_studies/peru.pdf.Carlson, Allen. “Constructing the dragon`s scales: China`s approach to territorial sovereignty and border relations in the 1980s and 1900s." Journal of Contemporary China (Jun 2010): 23.Accessed Oct. 2012. http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/1067056032000117704.Chen, Xiaoli , and Yin-Wong Cheung. “Renminbi Going Global." China & World Econom, Institute of World Economics and Politics, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (Fe. 2011):1-18. Accessed Oct. 2011. http://economics.ucsc.edu/research/downloads/renminbi-going-global.pdf.Comunidad Andina. “El Comercio Exterior de Bienes entre la Comunidad Andina y Asia-Pacífico." Statistical report, Comunidad Andina (2012): 1-23. Accessed Dec 2012. http://estadisticas.comunidadandina.org/eportal/contenidos/1839_8.pdf.Cuervo Cazurra, Alvaro. “Economic Relationships between Latin America and Asia: A new Research Frontier." Globalization, Competitiveness & Governability Journal UNIVERSIA (2012):1-154.Accessed Dec. 2012. http://gcg.universia.net/pdfs_revistas/articulo_214_1335526761140.pdf.Dancourt, Oscar. “Reformas Estructurales y Política Macroeconómica en el Perú: 1990-1996." Consorcio de Investigación Económica, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú (May 1997):1-48. Accessed Jan. 2013. http://departamento.pucp.edu.pe/economia/images/documentos/DDD134.pdf.Dethlefsen, Knut. “China`s Foreign Policy in Transition." Bibliothek der Friedrich Ebert Stiftung (2004):1-4. Accessed July 2012. http://library.fes.de/pdf-files/iez/global/02015.pdf.Dobson, Wendy, and Paul R. Masson. “Will the renminbi become a world currency?" China Economic Review (2009):1-32. Accessed Nov. 2012. http://economics.ca/2009/papers/0428.pdf.Economic Comission for Latin America and the Caribbean. “Foreign Investment in Latin America and the Caribbean." Annual Report ECLAC (2005):1-171.Accessed Nov. 2012. http://www.eclac.org/publicaciones/xml/2/24302/lcg2309i.pdf.Escudé, Carlos. “Realismo Periferico. Una filosofia de politica exterior para estados debiles." Universidad del CEMA, Documentos de Trabajo No 406 (Sep. 2009):1-19. Accessed Jan. 2013. http://www.ucema.edu.ar/publicaciones/download/documentos/406.pdf.Hanson, Gordon H. , and Raymond Robertson. “China and the Manufacturing Exports of other Developing Countries." National Bureau of Economic Research (Jan. 2008):1-33. Accessed Oct. 2012. http://irps.ucsd.edu/assets/022/8776.pdf.Hsiang, Antonio. “China Rising in Latin America: More Opportunities than Challenges.” Journal of Emerging Knowledge on Emerging Markets (Nov. 2009): 1-16. Accessed Oct. 2013. http://digitalcommons.kennesaw.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1003&context=jekemKamiya, Marco, and César Ramírez. “La Industrua Automotriz: Desarrollos en China y sus implicancias para Latinoamérica." ESAN-Cuadernos de Difusion Vol. 9 (Dec. 2004):1-16. Accessed April 2013. http://jefas.esan.edu.pe/index.php/jefas/article/view/162.Kotschwar, Barbara , Theodore H. Moran, and Julia Muir. “Chinese Investment in Latin American Resources: The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly." Peterson Institute for International Economics (Feb. 2012):1-36. Accessed Jan. 2013. http://www.piie.com/publications/wp/wp12-3.pdf.León Manríquez, José Luis. “China-América Latina: una relación económica diferenciada." Revista Mexicana de Política Exterior 203 n.d:1-21. Accessed Nov. 2012. http://www.nuso.org/upload/articulos/3349_1.pdf.Liqun, Zhu. “China`s Foreign Policy Debates." ISS European Union Institute for Security Studies (Sep. 2010): 1-80. Accessed Dec. 2012. http://www.iss.europa.eu/uploads/media/cp121-China_s_Foreign_Policy_Debates.pdf.Liu , Yongtao. “Promote China-Latin American Relations in the 21st Century." Globalization, Competitiveness & Governavility Journal (2012):1-154. Accessed March 2012. http://gcg.universia.net/pdfs_revistas/articulo_219_1335526850078.pdf.McClintock, Cynthia. “Resucitando la designación de régimen autoritario? Perú bajo Fujimori, 1995-1998." Fundación Friedrich Ebert (1999):1-30.Accessed Nov. 2012. http://lasa.international.pitt.edu/LASA98/McClintock.pdf.Moneta, Carlos. “Comercio e Integracion Intraindustrial en el Asia Pacifico: perspectivas de vinculacion con America Latina." Instituto de Servicio Exterior de la Nacion - Argentina (May 1995): 1-25. Accessed Jan. 2013. http://asiayargentina.com/pdf/64-Isen.PDF.Tellis, Ashley J., Andrew Marble, and Travis Tanner. “Asia’s rising power and America’s Continued Purpose." The National Bureau of Asian Research, (2010):1-60. Accessed Feb. 2013. http://nbr.org/publications/strategic_asia/pdf/SA10_ExecutiveBrief.pdf.Pizarro, Ramiro. “Comparative Analysis of regionalism in Latin American and Asia-Pacific." International Trade and Development Finance Division, ECLAC (Dec. 1999):1-51.Accessed Dec. 2012. http://www.eclac.org/publicaciones/xml/5/4285/lcl1307i.pdf.Prasad, Eswar, and Lei Ye. “Will the Renmmimbi Rule?" International Monetary Fund (IMF) (March 2012) Accessed Jan. 2013. http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/fandd/2012/03/prasad.htm.Ren-rang Chyou, Roberto. “Estrategias diplomáticas en torno al FOCALAE: naciente plataforma para la política latinoamericana de China Popular." PORTES, Revista Mexicana de Estudios sobre la Cuenca del Pacífico (June 2008):1-31.Accessed Feb. 2013. http://www.portesasiapacifico.com.mx/revistas/epocaiii/numero3/5.pdf.Taft-Morales, Maureen. “Peru in Brief: Political and Economic Conditions and Relations with the United States." Congressional Research Service (2012):1-20. Accessed Jan. 2013. http://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/row/R42523.pdf.Tung, Chen-yuan, Guo-chen Wang, and Jason Yeh. “Renminbi Internationalization: Progress, Prospect and Comparison." China & World Economy- Institute of World Economics and Politics, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (Oct. 2012):1-20.Accessed March 2013. DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-124X.2012.01302.x.Van Klaveren, Alberto. “América Latina: hacia un regionalismo abierto." Revista de Estudios Internacionales- Universidad de Chile (1997):1-17. Accessed Dec. 2012. http://www.revistaei.uchile.cl/index.php/REI/article/viewFile/15176/19331.Wu, Friedrich. “The Renminbi Challenge: The future role of the Chinese currency." The Magazine of International Economic Policy Vol. 3 No 24 (2009):1-31. Accessed March 2013. http://www.questia.com/library/1G1-229220624/the-renminbi-challenge-the-future-role-of-the-chinese.Zeng, Ka. “Multilateral versus Bilateral and Regional Trade Liberalization: explaining China`s pursuit of free trade agreements (FTAs)." Journal of Contemporary China (2010):1-17. Accessed Dec. 2012. 10.1080/10670564.2010.485400BooksEichengreen , Barry, Poonam Gupta , and Rajiv Kumar. Emerging Giants: China and India in the World Economy, New York: Oxford University Press, 2010.Wu, Li, and Fumin Sui. China`s Economy, Singapore: Cengage Learning Asia Pte Ltd, 2010. JournalsBenzi, Daniele. “América Latina: ¿Un territorio en disputa?" Rivista del Centro Studi per l`America Latina No 5, Luglio 2011, Issn 2035-6633 (2011): 18-31.Bittencourt, Gustavo. “El impacto de China en América Latina: comercio e inversiones." Red Mercosur de Investigaciones Económicas (2012): 1-320Blázquez-Lidoy, Jorge , Javier Rodríguez, and Javier Santiso. “¿Ángel o demonio? Los efectos del comercio chino." Revista de la CEPAL 90 ( 2006): 17-43.Calle, María Alejandra. “A brief note about the China-Latin American Trade Partnership." Revista de Negocios Internacionales. Vol. 3 Nº 2 - Universidad EAFIT (2010):57-63.Dancourt, Oscar. “Reformas Estructurales y Politica Macroeconomica en el Peru: 1990-96." Consorcio de Investigacion Economica (1997): 1-48.Gallagher, Kevin P., “China and the Future of Latin American Industrialization." Issues in Brief No. 18 (2010).Gonzalez-Vicente, Ruben “Mapping Chinese Mining Investment, with a Focus on Latin America: Politics or Market?.” University of Cambridge, Department of Geography (2011):26-27.León-Manríquez, José Luis. “China-América Latina: una relación Económica diferenciada." Revista Mexicana de Politica Exterior No 75(2005): 27-47.Mauricio Pachas, Pablo. “Desafios para el Peru:APEC y TLC." Gestión en el Tercer Milenio, Rev. de Investigación de la Facultad de Ciencias Administrativas, UNMSM, (July 2006):1-14.Montenegro, Claudio E. , Mariana Pereira, and Isidro Soloaga. “El efecto de China en el comercio internacional de América Latina." Revista Estudios de Economia de la Universidad de Chile Vol. 38, No 2 (2011): 341-368.Paredes, Carlos , y Jeffrey Sachs. “Estabilización y Crecimiento en el Perú". Grupo de Análisis para el Desarrollo GRADE (1991): 1-430.Pascó-Font, Alberto , and Jaime Saavedra. “Reformas Estructurales y Bienestar: Una mirada al Perú de los noventa". Grupo de Análisis para el Desarrollo-GRADE (2001):1-296Quer, Diego, Claver, Enrique, and Rienda, Laura, “Negocios y Dirección Estratégica de Empresas en China e India". Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Boletin Economico de ICE Vols. 2957 (2009): 39-54.Rojas, Jorge. "El Influjo de Capitales al Perú, 1990-1998. “Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú (PUCP), Documento de Trabajo 177 (December 1999):1- 31.E-JournalsAmsden, Alice H. “La sustitución de importaciones en las industrias de alta tecnología: Prebisch renace en Asia." Revista de la CEPAL 82, 2004: 1-16. Accessed June 2013. http://www.eclac.cl/publicaciones/xml/9/19409/lcg2220e-Amsden.pdf.Barros de Castro, Antonio , Édison Renato, and André Soares. “Investimentos Chineses No Brasil." Conselho Empresarial Brasil-China Ed. 1 (2011): 8-11, Accesed Jan. 2013. http://www.cebc.org.br/sites/default/files/carta-brasil_china_-_ed.1_-_final_0.pdf.Castillo, Paul , Carlos Montoro, and Vicente Tuesta. “Hechos Estilizados de la Economía Peruana." Banco Central de Reserva del Perú, Serie de Documentos de Trabajo DT. N°. 2006-05, Working Papers (2006):1-43/ Accessed March 2013. http://www.bcrp.gob.pe/docs/Publicaciones/Documentos-de-Trabajo/2006/Documento-Trabajo-05-2006.pdf.Dube Ryan. “The Pacific Alliance: Market-friendly Integration." Latin Trade (May, 2013). Accessed June 2013. http://latintrade.com/2013/05/the-pacific-alliance-market-friendly-integration.Evan, Ellis. “The Expanding Chinese Footprint in Latin America: New Challenges for China, and Dilemmas for the US." Institut francais de relations internationales-IFRI(2012): 1-36. Accessed Jan. 2013. http://www.ifri.org/?page=contribution-detail&id=7014.Izquierdo, Alejandro, and Ernesto Talvi. “One Region Two Speeds? Challenges of the New Global Economic Order for the Latin American and the Caribbean." Inter-American Development Bank, Latin America Research Network, Working Paper IDB-MG-109 ( 2011): 1-75. Accesed March 2013. http://idbdocs.iadb.org/wsdocs/getdocument.aspx?docnum=35816781Koleski, Katherine. "Backgrounder: China in Latin America." U.S-China Economic and Security Review Commission (2011): 1-18. Accesed March 2013. http://origin.www.uscc.gov/sites/default/files/Research/Backgrounder_China_in_Latin_America.pdf. International Relations and Security Network (ISM). “So What Kind of Economic Growth?" International Relations and Security Network (ISM), (February 9, 2012). Accessed June 2013. http://www.isn.ethz.ch/Digital-Library/Articles/Special-Feature/Detail/?lng=en&id=136933&contextid774=136933&contextid775=136932&tabid=136932.Ministerio de Comercio Exterior y Turismo (MINCETUR). Oficina General de Estudios Económicos, “Estudio de Aprovechamiento del TLC Perú – China: Primer Año de Vigencia del TLC." MINCETUR (2011): 1-25. Accesed May 2013. http://www.acuerdoscomerciales.gob.pe/images/stories/china/docs/Est_Aprov_TLC_China_1ano.pdf.Ministerio de Comercio Exterior y Turismo (MINCETUR). Oficina General de Estudios Económicos, “Estudio de Aprovechamiento del TLC Perú – China: Segundo Año de Vigencia del TLC." MINCETUR (2012): 1-28. Accesed May 2013. http://www.acuerdoscomerciales.gob.pe/images/stories/china/tlc_peru_china_2_ano_ogee_oeei_mayo_12.pdf.Ministerio de Economia y Finanzas del Perú (MEF). “Marco Macroeconomico Multianual 2014-2016." MEF (2013): 1-88. Accesed March 2013. http://www.mef.gob.pe/contenidos/pol_econ/marco_macro/MMM2014_2016.pdf.Ogujiuba, Kanayo, Uche Nwogwugwu, and Enwere Dike. “Import Substitution Industrialization as Learning Process: Sub Saharan African Experience as Distortion of the “Good” Business Model." Business and Management Review Vol. 1(6) , (2011): 08 – 21. Accessed June 2013. http://www.businessjournalz.org/articlepdf/bmrn61513.pdf.Pascó-Font, Alberto. “Políticas de Estabilización y Reformas Estructurales: Perú". Revista de la CEPAL 66, 2000: 1-6. Accessed July 2013. http://www.eclac.org/publicaciones/xml/9/4909/lcl373e.pdf.Roache, Shaun K. “China`s Impact on World Commodity Markets." International Monetary Fund (IMF),Working Paper (2012):1-24. Accesed April 2013. http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/wp/2012/wp12115.pdf.Sánchez Ancochea, Diego. “El impacto de China en América Latina: ¿oportunidad o amenaza?" Análisis del Real Instituto Elcano ( ARI ) , ISSN 1696-3466 Nº 119 (Nov. 2006):1-6. Accessed Feb. 2013. http://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=2187643.Sarmiento-Saher, Sebastian. “The Pacific Alliance: The America`s Bridge to Asia." The Diploma. (May 25, 2013). Accessed Jun 2013. http://thediplomat.com/pacific-money/2013/05/25/the-pacific-alliance-the-americas-bridge-to-asia/.Valencia, Robert. “The Pacific Alliance: A Promising Yardstick of Latin America`s Prosperity." Georgetown Journal of International Affairs (May 2013). Accessed June 2012. http://journal.georgetown.edu/2013/05/06/the-pacific-alliance-a-promising-yardstick-of-latin-americas-prosperity-by-robert-valencia/.Whalley, Jhon and Shekhar, Tanmaya.”The Rapidly Deepening India-China Economic Relationship". Ifo Institute – Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich (2010):1-34. Accessed Dec. 2012. https://www.econstor.eu/dspace/bitstream/10419/46571/1/638963591.pdf.WebpageCámara de Comercio Peruano China (CAPECHI). “Información Comercial Perú-China 2012. " Cámara de Comercio Peruano China. Accessed Feb. 2013. http://www.capechi.org.pe/_5_1.html. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA). “The World Factbook 2011." Central Intelligence Agency. Accessed Jan. 2013. https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/tw.html. China.com.cn. “XVII National PRCs Congress Report.” China.com.cn. Accessed Jun. 2013. http://www.china.com.cn/17da/node_7032458.htm.Chinadaily.com. “China’s Energy Policy 2012.” Chinadaily.com. Accessed Jun. 2013. http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/china/2012-10/24/content_15843745.htm.Chinese Government`s Official Web Portal. “China´s Policy Paper on Latin America and the Caribbean." Chinese Government`s Web Portal (2013). Accessed Jun. 2013. http://english.gov.cn/official/2008-11/05/content_1140347.htm.Embajada del Japón en el Perú. “Relaciones Bilaterales Perú- Japón 2013." Embajada del Japón en el Perú. Accessed Dec. 2012. http://www.pe.emb-japan.go.jp/esp/relaciones_bilaterales.htm.Embajada de la República Popular de China en México, “El Gobierno Chino Publica el Documento sobre la Política de China hacia Latin América y el Caribe." Embajada de la República Popular de China en México (2008). Accessed Jun. 2013. http://mx.china-embassy.org/esp/sgjs/t521322.htm.Ministerio de Comercio Exterior y Turismo (MINCETUR). “Acuerdos Comerciales del Perú." Ministerio de Comercio Exterior y Turismo. Accessed Jan. 2013. http://www.acuerdoscomerciales.gob.pe/index.php?option=com_aicontactsafe&view=message&layout=message&pf=1&Itemid=183.The World Bank. “World Development Indicators 2011.” The World Bank. Accessed Feb. 2013.http://data.worldbank.org/data-catalog/world-development-indicators?cid=GPD_WDI.Xinhuanet.com. “XV National PRCs Congress Report.” Xinhuanet.com. Accessed Jun. 2013. http://big5.xinhuanet.com/gate/big5/news.xinhuanet.com/ziliao/2003-01/20/content_697173.htm.Xinhuanet.com. “XVI National PRCs Congress Report.” Xinhuanet.com. Accessed Jun. 2013. http://big5.xinhuanet.com/gate/big5/news.xinhuanet.com/ziliao/2003-01/20/content_697330.htm.Other SourcesAlianza del Pacífico (AP). http://alianzapacifico.net/en/Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC). http://www.apec.org/Banco Central de Reserva del Perú (BCRP). http://www.bcrp.gob.pe/Cámara de Comercio Peruano China (CAPECHI). http://www.capechi.org.pe/China Viate. http://www.chinavitae.comEconomic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbena, United Nations (ECLAC). http://www.eclac.org/?idioma=INEuropean Comission. http://ec.europa.eu.European Society of International Law. http://www.esil-sedi.eu. 2012. http://www.esil-sedi.eu/whoswho/display.php?id=197Ministerio de Comercio Exterior y Turismo (MINCETUR). www.mincetur.gob.pe/newweb/Ministerio de Economia y Finanzas (MEF). http://www.mef.gob.pe/ zh_TW
