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題名 成年初顯期的個體，完美主義、內外控人格特質和猶豫型未定向與錯誤觀念的關係： 認同探索的中介效果
The relationship of perfectionism and locus of control to indecisiveness and career myths in emerging adulthood：the mediating effect of identity exploration
作者 蕭立婕
貢獻者 陳嘉鳳
蕭立婕
關鍵詞 完美主義
內外控人格特質
猶豫型未定向
錯誤觀念
反芻性探索
日期 2011
上傳時間 3-Sep-2013 13:28:29 (UTC+8)
摘要 職涯發展是每個人生命歷程中重要的議題，且進入職場為個體轉換為成人的關鍵指標。然而，隨著教育程度以及結婚年齡的提升，個體進入成人角色的時間延後，且探索自我的時間延長，反而使得一部份的個體淪為茫然摸索，而對於自己的職涯定位和方向不知所措。本研究試圖瞭解「人格特質」(即完美主義和內外控人格特質)和「職涯決策困難的原因」(即猶豫型未定向和錯誤觀念)之間的關係，並且進一步了解個體的「認同探索方式」在上述關係中所扮演的角色。

研究以問卷法進行，主要施測對象為國內大專院校之大學部和研究所在學學生，共計479人。研究結果顯示，人格特質中較為負面傾向的面向，如完美主義的「差距」向度和內外控特質之「外控」傾向，兩者和反芻性探索以及猶豫型未定向或錯誤觀念之間存在著正向的關係。此外，上述的關係之間存在著「反芻性探索」的中介效果。由此可知，除了先天的個人特質之外，探索方式亦攸關個體能否定向。因此，對於難以定向的個體，如何嘗試打破其負面且持續的探索迴圈，進而導正至較為正向之廣度和深度探索的類型，實為預防教育或是治療方案之努力方向。

值得注意的是，研究亦發現在各年級的受試者中，皆存在有一部份的「焦慮性認同未定」者，可能是由於人格或情緒相關因子的影響，使其無法當機立斷的做出決定。對於這群個體，給予充足的就業資訊並無法實際滿足其需求，惟有提供專業的諮商輔導及協助才可能解決其核心問題，協助其克服認知或情緒方面的困擾，進而為自己的職涯方向做出決策。
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描述 碩士
國立政治大學
心理學研究所
97752022
100
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0097752022
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 陳嘉鳳zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 蕭立婕zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) 蕭立婕zh_TW
dc.date (日期) 2011en_US
dc.date.accessioned 3-Sep-2013 13:28:29 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 3-Sep-2013 13:28:29 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 3-Sep-2013 13:28:29 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0097752022en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/59707-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 心理學研究所zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 97752022zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 100zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 職涯發展是每個人生命歷程中重要的議題，且進入職場為個體轉換為成人的關鍵指標。然而，隨著教育程度以及結婚年齡的提升，個體進入成人角色的時間延後，且探索自我的時間延長，反而使得一部份的個體淪為茫然摸索，而對於自己的職涯定位和方向不知所措。本研究試圖瞭解「人格特質」(即完美主義和內外控人格特質)和「職涯決策困難的原因」(即猶豫型未定向和錯誤觀念)之間的關係，並且進一步了解個體的「認同探索方式」在上述關係中所扮演的角色。

研究以問卷法進行，主要施測對象為國內大專院校之大學部和研究所在學學生，共計479人。研究結果顯示，人格特質中較為負面傾向的面向，如完美主義的「差距」向度和內外控特質之「外控」傾向，兩者和反芻性探索以及猶豫型未定向或錯誤觀念之間存在著正向的關係。此外，上述的關係之間存在著「反芻性探索」的中介效果。由此可知，除了先天的個人特質之外，探索方式亦攸關個體能否定向。因此，對於難以定向的個體，如何嘗試打破其負面且持續的探索迴圈，進而導正至較為正向之廣度和深度探索的類型，實為預防教育或是治療方案之努力方向。

值得注意的是，研究亦發現在各年級的受試者中，皆存在有一部份的「焦慮性認同未定」者，可能是由於人格或情緒相關因子的影響，使其無法當機立斷的做出決定。對於這群個體，給予充足的就業資訊並無法實際滿足其需求，惟有提供專業的諮商輔導及協助才可能解決其核心問題，協助其克服認知或情緒方面的困擾，進而為自己的職涯方向做出決策。		zh_TW
dc.description.tableofcontents 第一章 緒論 1
第一節 研究動機與目的 1
第二節 研究問題 5
第三節 名詞釋義 6
第二章 文獻探討 10
第一節 職涯發展與自我認同的關係 10
第二節 成年初顯期 15
第三節 職涯決策困難的原因：錯誤觀念(dysfunctional myths)與猶豫型未定向(indecisiveness) 17
第四節 影響猶豫型未定向和錯誤觀念的相關人格因子 25
第五節 探索與認同 35
第六節 人格變項和猶豫型未定向與錯誤觀念之間的關係─認同探索的角色 40
第三章 研究方法 42
第一節 研究架構與研究假設 42
第二節 研究對象 44
第三節 研究工具 46
第四節 問卷蒐集方式 50
第五節 資料處理與統計方法 50
第四章 研究結果 52
第五章 討論與建議 84
第一節 結論與討論 84
第二節 建議與限制 90
參考文獻 94
附錄 104
施測問卷 104


表目錄
表一 各變項的描述性統計分析結果 45
表二 研究變項之平均數與標準差 53
表三 受試者之年級、性別與不同學院之認同定向和生涯規劃之比例分配狀況 56
表四 受試者面臨的職涯決策困難原因之狀況 58
表五 受試者面臨的職涯決策困難原因之次數分配 59
表六 各變項間相關 62
表七 完美主義─高標準、內外控特質對「反芻性探索」之複迴歸分析摘要表 63
表八 完美主義─差距、內外控特質對「反芻性探索」之複迴歸分析摘要表 64
表九 完美主義─高標準、內外控特質、反芻性探索對「猶豫型未定向」之複迴
歸分析摘要表 65
表十 完美主義─差距、內外控特質、反芻性探索對「猶豫型未定向」之複迴歸
分析摘要表 65
表十一 完美主義之高標準面向、內外控特質對猶豫型未定向的「全部」效果 67
表十二 完美主義之高標準面向、內外控特質對猶豫型未定向的「間接」效果 67
表十三 完美主義之差距面向、內外控特質對猶豫型未定向的「全部」效果 68
表十四 完美主義之差距面向、內外控特質對猶豫型未定向的「間接」效果 68
表十五 完美主義─高標準、內外控特質、反芻性探索對「錯誤觀念」之複迴歸分析摘要表 69
表十六 完美主義─差距、內外控特質、反芻性探索對「錯誤觀念」之複迴歸分析摘要表 69
表十七 完美主義之高標準面向、內外控特質對錯誤觀念的「全部」效果 71
表十八 完美主義之高標準面向、內外控特質對錯誤觀念的「間接」效果 72
表十九 完美主義之差距面向、內外控特質對錯誤觀念的「全部」效果 72
表二十 完美主義之差距面向、內外控特質對錯誤觀念的「間接」效果 72
表二十一 研究變項之平均數與標準差─以認同狀態和生涯規劃分類 74
表二十二 認同狀態與完美主義─差距之變異數分析摘要表 76
表二十三 認同狀態與反芻性探索之變異數分析摘要表 76
表二十四 認同狀態與內外控特質之變異數分析摘要表 76
表二十五 生涯規劃與反芻性探索之變異數分析摘要表 77
表二十六 認同狀態─各組平均數的相等性檢定 78
表二十七 認同狀態─區別變數和區別函數之結構矩陣 78
表二十八 認同狀態─Wilks` Lambda 值 79
表二十九 認同狀態─區別函數之特徵值 79
表三十 生涯規劃─各組平均數的相等性檢定 80
表三十一 生涯規劃─區別變數和區別函數之結構矩陣 81
表三十二 生涯規劃─Wilks` Lambda 值 81
表三十三 生涯規劃─區別函數之特徵值 81
表三十四 認同狀態與猶豫型未定向之變異數分析摘要表 82
表三十五 認同狀態與錯誤觀念之變異數分析摘要表 83
表三十六 生涯規劃與猶豫型未定向之變異數分析摘要表 83
表三十七 生涯規劃與錯誤觀念之變異數分析摘要表 83


圖目錄
圖一 職涯決策困難原因分類 19
圖二 承諾發展模式 37
圖三 認同形成雙環模型 39
圖四 研究架構圖 42
圖五 完美主義─高標準、內外控特質、反芻性探索和「猶豫型未定向」之關係
65
圖六 完美主義─差距、內外控特質、反芻性探索和「猶豫型未定向」之關係 66
圖七 完美主義之高標準面向、內外控特質、反芻性探索和「錯誤觀念」之關係 70
圖八 完美主義之差距面向、內外控特質、反芻性探索和「錯誤觀念」之關係 70		zh_TW
dc.format.extent 1512065 bytes-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.language.iso en_US-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0097752022en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 完美主義zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 內外控人格特質zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 猶豫型未定向zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 錯誤觀念zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 反芻性探索zh_TW
dc.title (題名) 成年初顯期的個體，完美主義、內外控人格特質和猶豫型未定向與錯誤觀念的關係： 認同探索的中介效果zh_TW
dc.title (題名) The relationship of perfectionism and locus of control to indecisiveness and career myths in emerging adulthood：the mediating effect of identity explorationen_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen
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