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題名 生涯停滯與員工效果之關係：其心理歷程與調節效果之探討
Examination of the relationship between career plateau and employee outcomes
作者 楊惟寧
貢獻者 胡昌亞
楊惟寧
關鍵詞 career plateau
hierarchical plateau
job content plateau
future career uncertainty
subjective monotony
workplace spirituality
日期 2009
上傳時間 3-Sep-2013 14:43:29 (UTC+8)
摘要 Career plateau has been identified as stressful experiences that can lead to employee negative feelings and attitudes in the workplace. However, empirical studies that examine how career plateau relates to employee outcomes and the conditions that moderate the above relationships have been scarce. Using an occupational stress model as the foundation, this study examined whether two types of career plateau (i.e., hierarchical plateau and job content plateau) relate to employee outcomes (emotional exhaustion, job satisfaction, and affective organizational commitment). Furthermore, this study examined whether the proposed psychological processes (future career uncertainty and subjective monotony) mediate the above relationships and whether components of workplace spirituality (i.e., inner life and belongingness to community) moderate the relationship between career plateau and psychological processes.
Based on responses of 243 participants, hierarchical regression results indicate that both plateaus relate negatively with job satisfaction, job involvement, and affective organizational commitment. However, only hierarchical plateau relates positively to emotional exhaustion, whereas job content plateau is not related to emotional exhaustion. Also, individuals’ future career uncertainty partially mediates the relationship between hierarchical plateau and employee emotional exhaustion and job attitudes, whereas subjective monotony partially mediates the relationship between job content plateau and job attitudes, but completely mediates the relationship between job content plateau and emotional exhaustion. Furthermore, only the inner life component of workplace spirituality moderates the relationship between hierarchical plateau and future career uncertainty. Based on the study findings, managerial implications, limitations and suggestions for future research directions are given.
參考文獻 Adam, D. W., & Csiernik, R. (2001). Seeking the lost spirit: Understanding spirituality and restoring it to the workplace. Employee Assistance Quarterly, 17(4), 31-44.
Allen, T. D., Poteet, M. L., & Russell, J. E. A. (1998). Attitudes of managers who are more or less career plateaued. [Article]. Career Development Quarterly, 47(2), 159.
Allen, T. D., Russell, J. E. A., Poteet, M. L., & Dobbins, G. H. (1999). Learning and development factors related to perceptions of job content and hierarchical plateauing. [Article]. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 20(7), 1113.
Argyle, M., & Beit-Hallahmi, B. (1975). The social psychology of religion.
Ashmos, D., P. , & Duchon, D. (2000). Spirituality at work: A conceptualization and measure. Journal of Management Inquiry, 9(2), 134.
Bardwick, J. M. (1986). The plateauing trap: How to avoid it in your career New York: Amacom.
Baron, R. M., Kenny, David A. (1986). The moderator - mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51(6), 1173-1182.
Beehr, T. A. (1976). Perceived situational moderators of the relationship between subjective role ambiguity and role strain. Journal of Applied Psychology, 61, 35-40.
Beehr, T. A. (1995). Psychological stress in the workplace. London: Routledge.
Beehr, T. A. (1998). An organizational psychology meta-model of occupational stress. In C. L. Cooper (Ed.), Theories of Organizational Stress
(pp. 6-27). New York: Oxford University Press.
Beehr, T. A., & McGrath, J. E. (1992). Social support, occupational stress, and anxiety. Anxiety Research: An International Journal, 5, 7-19.
Beehr, T. A., & Newman, J. E. (1978). Job stress, employee health and organizational effectiveness: A facet analysis, model , and literature review. Personnel Psychology, 31, 365-399.
Brislin, R. W. (1970). Back-translation for cross-cultural research. Journal of Cross Cultural Psychology, 1(3), 185-216.
Cammann, C., Fichman, M., Jenkins, G. D., & Klesh, J. R. (1983). Assessing the attitudes and perceptions of organizational members. In E. E. L. S. E. Seashore, P. H. Mirvis & C. Cammann (Ed.), Assessing organizational change (pp. 71-183). New York: John Wiley.
Caplan, R. D., Cobb, S., French, J. R. P., Jr., , Van Harrison, R., & Pinneau, S. R. (1975). Job demands and worker Health: Main effects and occupational differences.
Cash, K., & Gray. G. (2000). A framework for accomodating religion and spirituality in the workplace. Academy of Management Executive, 14(3), 124-134.
Chao, G. T. (1990). Exploration of the conceptualization and measurment of career plateau: A comparative analysis. Journal of Management, 16, 181-193.
Clark, W. H. (1958). The Psychology of Religion. New York, NY: Macmillan.
Conger, J. A. (1994). Spirit at work. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Cooper, C. L. (2001). Job-related sources of strain: Sage Publications Inc.
Cowan, J. (1993). The common table: Reflections and meditations on community and spirituality in the workplace: New York: HarperCollins.
Davenport, L. (1993). An examination of the relationship between career plateauing and job attitudes., University of Tennessee, Knoxville.
Duchon, D., & Plowman, D. A. (2005). Nurturing the spirit at work: Impact on work unit performance. [Article]. Leadership Quarterly, 16(5), 807-833.
Elm, D. R. (2003). Honesty, spirituality, and performance at work. New York: M.E. Sharpe.
Elsass, P. M., & Ralston, D. A. (1987). The stress of career plateauing. In F.Hoy (Ed.), Academy of Management Best Papers Proceedings (pp. 62-66). New Orelans: Academy of Management.
Elsass, P. M., & Ralston, D. A. (1989). Indiviual responses to the stress of career plateauing. Journal of Management, 15(1), 35.
Ettington, D. R. (1992). Coping with career plateauing: "Face the facts" vs. "Hope springs eternal.". Unpublished Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Academy of Management.
Ettington, D. R. (1998). Successful career plateauing. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 52, 72-88.
Evans, M. G., & Gilbert, E. (1984). Plateaued managers: Their need gratifications and their effort-performance expectations. Journal of Management Studies, 21, 99-108.
Feldman, D. C. (1996). Managing careers in downsizing firms. Human Resource Management, 35, 145-162.
Feldman, D. C., & Weitz, B. A. (1988). Career plateaus reconsidered. Journal of Management, 14(1), 69.
Ference, T. P., Stoner, J. A. F., & Warren, E. K. (1977). Managing the career plateau. [Article]. Academy of Management Review, 2(4), 602-612.
French, J. R. P., Jr., , & Kahn, R. L. (1962). A programmatic approach to studying the industrial environment and mental health. Journal of Social Issues, 18, 1-47.
French, J. R. P., Jr., , Rogers, W., & Cobb, S. (1974). Adjustment as a person-environment fit. In D. A. H. G.U. Coelho, & J.E. Adams (Ed.), Coping and adaptation. New York: Basic Books.
Garcia-Zamor, J.-C. (2003). Workplace spirituality and organizational performance. Public Administration Review, 63(3), 355-363.
Gardell, B. (1971). Alienation and mental health in the modern industrial environment. In L. Levi (Ed.), Society, stress and disease: Volume I. New York: Oxford University Press.
Giacalone, R. A., & Jurkiewics, C. L. (2003). Toward a science of workplace spirituality. In R. A. Giacalone, & Jurkiewics, C.L. (Ed.), The handbook of workplace spirituality and organizational performance (pp. 3-28). New York: M.E. Sharpe.
Gould, S., & Penley, L. E. (1984). Career strategies and salary progression: A study of their relationships in a municipal bureaucracy. Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, 34, 244-265.
Greenhaus, J. H. (2002). Career dynamics. In W. C. Borman, Ilgen, D.R., & Klimoski, R.J. (Ed.), Comprehensive handbook of psychology: Vol. 12 Industrial and organizational psychology. New York: Wiley.
House, J. S. (1974). Occupational stress and cornary heart disease: A review and theoretical integration. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 15, 12-27.
Howard, S. (2002). A spiritual perspective on learning in the workplace. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 17(3), 230-242.
Ito, J. K., & Brotheridge, C. M. (2001). An examination of the roles of career uncertainty,flexibility, and control in predicting emotional exhaustion. . Journal of Vocational Behavior, 59, 406-424.
Kahn, R. L., & Byosiere, P. (1992 ). Stress in organizations. In M. D. D. a. L. M. Hough (Ed.), Handbook of industrial and organizational psychology (Vol. 3, pp. 571-650). Palo Alto, CA: Consulting Psychologists Press, Inc.
Kanungo, R. N. (1982). Measurement of job and work involvement. Journal of Applied Psychology, 67(3), 341-349.
Katz, D., & Kahn, R. L. (1978). The social psychology of organizations (2nd Ed.). New York: John Wiley.
Latak, J. C. (1984). Career transitions within organizations: An exploratory study of work, non-work, and coping strategies. Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, 34, 296-322.
Lee, R. T., & Ashforth, B. E. (1996). A meta-analytic examination of the correlates of the three dimensions of job burnout. Journal of Applied Psychology, 81, 123-133.
Lentz, E., & Allen, T. D. (2009). The Role of Mentoring Others in the Career Plateauing Phenomenon. Group & Organizational Management, 34(3), 358-384.
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描述 碩士
國立政治大學
企業管理研究所
96355011
98
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0963550111
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 胡昌亞zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 楊惟寧zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) 楊惟寧zh_TW
dc.date (日期) 2009en_US
dc.date.accessioned 3-Sep-2013 14:43:29 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 3-Sep-2013 14:43:29 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 3-Sep-2013 14:43:29 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0963550111en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/59795-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 企業管理研究所zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 96355011zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 98zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) Career plateau has been identified as stressful experiences that can lead to employee negative feelings and attitudes in the workplace. However, empirical studies that examine how career plateau relates to employee outcomes and the conditions that moderate the above relationships have been scarce. Using an occupational stress model as the foundation, this study examined whether two types of career plateau (i.e., hierarchical plateau and job content plateau) relate to employee outcomes (emotional exhaustion, job satisfaction, and affective organizational commitment). Furthermore, this study examined whether the proposed psychological processes (future career uncertainty and subjective monotony) mediate the above relationships and whether components of workplace spirituality (i.e., inner life and belongingness to community) moderate the relationship between career plateau and psychological processes.
Based on responses of 243 participants, hierarchical regression results indicate that both plateaus relate negatively with job satisfaction, job involvement, and affective organizational commitment. However, only hierarchical plateau relates positively to emotional exhaustion, whereas job content plateau is not related to emotional exhaustion. Also, individuals’ future career uncertainty partially mediates the relationship between hierarchical plateau and employee emotional exhaustion and job attitudes, whereas subjective monotony partially mediates the relationship between job content plateau and job attitudes, but completely mediates the relationship between job content plateau and emotional exhaustion. Furthermore, only the inner life component of workplace spirituality moderates the relationship between hierarchical plateau and future career uncertainty. Based on the study findings, managerial implications, limitations and suggestions for future research directions are given.		en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents Abstract i
Acknowledgements iii
Chapter 1 Introduction 1
1-1 Research Background and Motives 1
1-2 Research Objectives 4
Chapter 2 Literature Review 5
2-1 Occupational Stress 5
2-1-1 Stress 5
2-1-2 Beehr’s (1998) Refined Facet Occupational Stress Model 7
2-2 Career Plateau 11
2-2-1 Career Plateau and Employee outcomes 12
2-3 Psychological Processes of Career Plateau 14
2-4 Workplace Spirituality 16
2-4-1 Spirituality 16
2-4-2 Spirituality and Religion 17
2-4-3 Elements of Workplace Spirituality 18
2-4-4 Workplace Spirituality as the Moderators 20
2-5 Research Framework 23
Chapter 3 Methods 24
3-1 Sample and Procedure 24
3-2 Measures 26
3-3 Data Analysis 30
Chapter 4 Results 31
4-1 Demographic Variables 31
4-2 Correlation Analysis 34
4-2-1 Descriptive of the Study Variables 34
4-2-2 Correlation Analysis among the Study Variables 34
4-3 Hypotheses Testing 38
4-3-1 Analysis for the Relationship between Career Plateau and Emotional
Exhaustion 38
4-3-2 Analysis for the Relationship between Career Plateau and Organizational
Outcomes 40
4-3-3 Analysis for Psychological Processes as Mediators between Career
Plateaus and Employee outcomes. 42
4-3-4 Analysis for Inner Life and Belongingness to Community as Moderators
between Career Plateau and Psychological Processes 51
Chapter 5 Discussion 56
5-1 Summary 56
5-2 Theoretical and Managerial Implications 59
5-2-1 Theoretical Implications 59
5-2-2 Managerial Implications 59
5-3 Limitations and Suggestions for Future Research 61
Reference 62
Appendix 72		zh_TW
dc.format.extent 1164137 bytes-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.language.iso en_US-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0963550111en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) career plateauen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) hierarchical plateauen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) job content plateauen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) future career uncertaintyen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) subjective monotonyen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) workplace spiritualityen_US
dc.title (題名) 生涯停滯與員工效果之關係：其心理歷程與調節效果之探討zh_TW
dc.title (題名) Examination of the relationship between career plateau and employee outcomesen_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Adam, D. W., & Csiernik, R. (2001). Seeking the lost spirit: Understanding spirituality and restoring it to the workplace. Employee Assistance Quarterly, 17(4), 31-44.
Allen, T. D., Poteet, M. L., & Russell, J. E. A. (1998). Attitudes of managers who are more or less career plateaued. [Article]. Career Development Quarterly, 47(2), 159.
Allen, T. D., Russell, J. E. A., Poteet, M. L., & Dobbins, G. H. (1999). Learning and development factors related to perceptions of job content and hierarchical plateauing. [Article]. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 20(7), 1113.
Argyle, M., & Beit-Hallahmi, B. (1975). The social psychology of religion.
Ashmos, D., P. , & Duchon, D. (2000). Spirituality at work: A conceptualization and measure. Journal of Management Inquiry, 9(2), 134.
Bardwick, J. M. (1986). The plateauing trap: How to avoid it in your career New York: Amacom.
Baron, R. M., Kenny, David A. (1986). The moderator - mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51(6), 1173-1182.
Beehr, T. A. (1976). Perceived situational moderators of the relationship between subjective role ambiguity and role strain. Journal of Applied Psychology, 61, 35-40.
Beehr, T. A. (1995). Psychological stress in the workplace. London: Routledge.
Beehr, T. A. (1998). An organizational psychology meta-model of occupational stress. In C. L. Cooper (Ed.), Theories of Organizational Stress
(pp. 6-27). New York: Oxford University Press.
Beehr, T. A., & McGrath, J. E. (1992). Social support, occupational stress, and anxiety. Anxiety Research: An International Journal, 5, 7-19.
Beehr, T. A., & Newman, J. E. (1978). Job stress, employee health and organizational effectiveness: A facet analysis, model , and literature review. Personnel Psychology, 31, 365-399.
Brislin, R. W. (1970). Back-translation for cross-cultural research. Journal of Cross Cultural Psychology, 1(3), 185-216.
Cammann, C., Fichman, M., Jenkins, G. D., & Klesh, J. R. (1983). Assessing the attitudes and perceptions of organizational members. In E. E. L. S. E. Seashore, P. H. Mirvis & C. Cammann (Ed.), Assessing organizational change (pp. 71-183). New York: John Wiley.
Caplan, R. D., Cobb, S., French, J. R. P., Jr., , Van Harrison, R., & Pinneau, S. R. (1975). Job demands and worker Health: Main effects and occupational differences.
Cash, K., & Gray. G. (2000). A framework for accomodating religion and spirituality in the workplace. Academy of Management Executive, 14(3), 124-134.
Chao, G. T. (1990). Exploration of the conceptualization and measurment of career plateau: A comparative analysis. Journal of Management, 16, 181-193.
Clark, W. H. (1958). The Psychology of Religion. New York, NY: Macmillan.
Conger, J. A. (1994). Spirit at work. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Cooper, C. L. (2001). Job-related sources of strain: Sage Publications Inc.
Cowan, J. (1993). The common table: Reflections and meditations on community and spirituality in the workplace: New York: HarperCollins.
Davenport, L. (1993). An examination of the relationship between career plateauing and job attitudes., University of Tennessee, Knoxville.
Duchon, D., & Plowman, D. A. (2005). Nurturing the spirit at work: Impact on work unit performance. [Article]. Leadership Quarterly, 16(5), 807-833.
Elm, D. R. (2003). Honesty, spirituality, and performance at work. New York: M.E. Sharpe.
Elsass, P. M., & Ralston, D. A. (1987). The stress of career plateauing. In F.Hoy (Ed.), Academy of Management Best Papers Proceedings (pp. 62-66). New Orelans: Academy of Management.
Elsass, P. M., & Ralston, D. A. (1989). Indiviual responses to the stress of career plateauing. Journal of Management, 15(1), 35.
Ettington, D. R. (1992). Coping with career plateauing: "Face the facts" vs. "Hope springs eternal.". Unpublished Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Academy of Management.
Ettington, D. R. (1998). Successful career plateauing. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 52, 72-88.
Evans, M. G., & Gilbert, E. (1984). Plateaued managers: Their need gratifications and their effort-performance expectations. Journal of Management Studies, 21, 99-108.
Feldman, D. C. (1996). Managing careers in downsizing firms. Human Resource Management, 35, 145-162.
Feldman, D. C., & Weitz, B. A. (1988). Career plateaus reconsidered. Journal of Management, 14(1), 69.
Ference, T. P., Stoner, J. A. F., & Warren, E. K. (1977). Managing the career plateau. [Article]. Academy of Management Review, 2(4), 602-612.
French, J. R. P., Jr., , & Kahn, R. L. (1962). A programmatic approach to studying the industrial environment and mental health. Journal of Social Issues, 18, 1-47.
French, J. R. P., Jr., , Rogers, W., & Cobb, S. (1974). Adjustment as a person-environment fit. In D. A. H. G.U. Coelho, & J.E. Adams (Ed.), Coping and adaptation. New York: Basic Books.
Garcia-Zamor, J.-C. (2003). Workplace spirituality and organizational performance. Public Administration Review, 63(3), 355-363.
Gardell, B. (1971). Alienation and mental health in the modern industrial environment. In L. Levi (Ed.), Society, stress and disease: Volume I. New York: Oxford University Press.
Giacalone, R. A., & Jurkiewics, C. L. (2003). Toward a science of workplace spirituality. In R. A. Giacalone, & Jurkiewics, C.L. (Ed.), The handbook of workplace spirituality and organizational performance (pp. 3-28). New York: M.E. Sharpe.
Gould, S., & Penley, L. E. (1984). Career strategies and salary progression: A study of their relationships in a municipal bureaucracy. Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, 34, 244-265.
Greenhaus, J. H. (2002). Career dynamics. In W. C. Borman, Ilgen, D.R., & Klimoski, R.J. (Ed.), Comprehensive handbook of psychology: Vol. 12 Industrial and organizational psychology. New York: Wiley.
House, J. S. (1974). Occupational stress and cornary heart disease: A review and theoretical integration. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 15, 12-27.
Howard, S. (2002). A spiritual perspective on learning in the workplace. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 17(3), 230-242.
Ito, J. K., & Brotheridge, C. M. (2001). An examination of the roles of career uncertainty,flexibility, and control in predicting emotional exhaustion. . Journal of Vocational Behavior, 59, 406-424.
Kahn, R. L., & Byosiere, P. (1992 ). Stress in organizations. In M. D. D. a. L. M. Hough (Ed.), Handbook of industrial and organizational psychology (Vol. 3, pp. 571-650). Palo Alto, CA: Consulting Psychologists Press, Inc.
Kanungo, R. N. (1982). Measurement of job and work involvement. Journal of Applied Psychology, 67(3), 341-349.
Katz, D., & Kahn, R. L. (1978). The social psychology of organizations (2nd Ed.). New York: John Wiley.
Latak, J. C. (1984). Career transitions within organizations: An exploratory study of work, non-work, and coping strategies. Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, 34, 296-322.
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