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題名 高密度建成環境下影響住宅居住品質之都市設計元素之研究
The effects of urban design elements on residential livability in high-density built environment作者 林煥軒 貢獻者 蔡育新
Tsai, Yu Hsin
林煥軒關鍵詞 都市設計
都市規劃
居住品質
模擬分析日期 2010 上傳時間 3-Sep-2013 14:48:41 (UTC+8) 摘要 近年由於永續發展的觀念興起，許多與永續發展理念相契合的都市發展型態（Urban Form）如緊密都市（Compact City）及大眾運輸導向發展（Transit-Oriented Development, TOD）等，皆提出高密度之都市發展建議。但高密度都市發展可能引起採光及通風不良、景觀的惡化、個人隱私的侵害等潛在的負面影響。然而，過去文獻對於以都市規劃或設計，以減輕高密度建成環境對居民造成的負面影響甚少著墨。基此，本研究目的為分析都市計畫與設計元素對高建成環境的住宅居住品質的影響。研究方法為於虛擬的社區環境中，運用影響住宅建物的都市規劃與設計之元素，藉以建立不同住宅社區空間情境，進而分析個別規劃或設計元素對於居民與行人的不同居住品質指標的影響。主要分析工具包括ArcGIS、Google Sketchup，分析方法包括模擬分析、彈性係數計算。研究分別由居民及行人兩種觀點進行探討，結果顯示不同面相之都市設計元素的改變，在不同觀點之下，對於居住品質皆產生不同程度之影響，藉此有助於進一步了解各種都市設計元素與社區中居民及行人之間的關係，以作為未來都市設計工作及政策之參考。 參考文獻 參考文獻中文部分Roger Trancik著，謝慶達譯，1989，《找尋失落的空間》，台北，創興出版社有限公司。Jonathan Barnett著，謝慶達、莊建德譯，1993，《都市設計概論》，台北，創興出版社有限公司。Hamid Shirvani著，謝慶達譯，1990，《都市設計程序》，台北，創興出版社有限公司。內政部營建署市鄉規劃局，1999，《都市規劃作業手冊》，內政部營建署。林欽榮，1995，《都市設計在台灣》，台北，創興出版社有限公司。陳明竺，1992，《都市設計》，台北，創興出版社有限公司。蔡佳蓉，2004，〈本土化TOD都市設計策略之研究〉，國立成功大學都市計劃研究所碩士論文。張紀涵，2001，〈都市設計之實質環境規劃專家評估系統建立〉，朝陽科技大學建築及都市設計研究所碩士論文。何友鋒，2007，〈都市設計永續值評估指標建立〉，朝陽科技大學建築及都市設計研究所碩士論文。蕭智夫，2004，〈都市設計建築量體管制原則之研究－以新市區建設地區為例〉，國立成功大學建築研究所碩士論文。蔡瓊儀，2005，〈都市設計管制建築退縮作為人行空間規劃與執行之研究－以高雄大學特定區為例〉，國立高雄大學都市發展與建築研究所碩士論文。李家儂，2003，〈都會區大眾運輸導向發展之規劃模式〉，國立台北大學都市計劃研究所碩士論文。楊恩捷，2004，〈緊密都市之永續性分析〉，國立台北大學都市計劃研究所碩士論文。黃崑山，2006，〈由開發管制理念探討台灣都市設計之定位與功能〉，都市與計劃，頁31-49。吳綱立，2006，〈從西方近代都市設計思潮的發展看台灣都市設計專業的定位〉，《建築學報》，中華民國建築學會，頁111-146。唐建章，1992，〈都市計畫及規劃〉，台北，高立圖書有限公司。英文部分Batty M., 2001, “Exploring isovist fields: space and shape in architectural and urban morphology”, Environment and Planning B, 28, pp. 123–150.Batty M., Dodge M., Jiang B., and Smith A., 1999, “GIS and urban design”. In Geographical Information and Planning: European Perspectives, edited by S. Geertman, S. Openshaw, and J. Stillwell (London, New York, Berlin: Springer-Verlag), pp. 43–65.Churchman A. 1999, “Disentangling the concept of density”, Journal of Planning Literature, 13: 389-411. 13:389-411.Ervin S., Steinitz C., 2003, “Landscape visibility computation: necessary, but not sufficient”, Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design 2003, 30, pp. 757-766.Fisher-Gewirtzman D., Burt M., Tzamir Y., 2003, “A 3-D visual method for comparative evaluation of dense built-up environments”, Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design, Vol.30, pp. 575-587.Fisher-Gewirtzman D., Pinsly D. S., Wagner I. A., Burt M., 2005, “View-oriented three-dimensional visual analysis models for the urban environment” Urban Design International, 10, pp. 23-37. Fisher-Gewirtzman D., Wagner, I., 2003, “Spatial openess as a practical metric for evaluating built up environments”, in: Environment and Planning B, Planning and Design, Vol.20, pp. 37-49.Foo T. S., 2001, “Planning and design of Tampines, an award-winning high-rise, high-density township in Singapore”, Cities, 18-1, pp. 33-42.Forsyth A., 2003, “Measuring density: working definitions for residential density and building intensity”, Design Brief 9, Minneapolis: Design Center.Hui S. C. M., 2001, “Low energy building design in high density urban cities”, Renewable Energy, 24, pp. 627-640.Llobera M., 2003, “Extending GIS-based visual analysis: the concept of visualscapes”, International Journal of Geographical Information Science 17, pp. 25-48.Mak A.S.H., Yip E.K.M. and Lai P.C., 2005, “Developing a city skyline for Hong Kong using GIS and urban design guidelines”, URISA (Urban and Regional Information Systems Association) Journal 17(1), pp. 33-42.Niu J., 2004, “Some significant environmental issues in high-rise residential building design in urban areas”, Energy and Buildings 36(12), pp. 1259-1263.Pinsly D. S., Fisher-Gewirtzman D., and Burt M., 2007, “’Visual exposure’ analysis model: a comparative evaluation of three case studies”, URBAN DESIGN International (2007) 12, pp. 155–168.Pietsch S., 2000, “Computer visualization in the design control of urban environments: Aliterature review”, Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design, 27, pp.4: 521-36.Porta S., and Renne J. L., 2005, “Linking urban design to sustainability: Formal indicators of social urban sustainability field research in Perth, Western Australia”, Urban Design International, 10(1), pp. 51-64.Putra S. Y., Yang P., 2005, “Analyzing mental geography of residential environment in Singapore using GIS-based 3D visibility analysis”, In: Proceedings of the International Conference ‘Doing, thinking, feeling home: the mental geography of residential environments’ in Delft, The Netherlands.Putra S. Y., Yang P. P. J., 2005, “Analysing Mental Geography of Residential Environment in Singapore using GIS-based 3D Visibility Analysis”. Department of Architecture, School of Design and Environment National University of Singapore.Ratti C., 2004, “Space syntax: some inconsistencies”, Environment and Planning B, 31, pp. 487-499.Sander H. A., Manson S. M., 2007, “Heights and locations of artificial structures in viewshed calculation: How close is close enough?”, Landscape and Urban Planning 82, pp. 257-270.Souza L. C. L., Rodrigues D. S. and Mendes J. F. G., 2003, “A 3D-GIS extension for sky view factors assessment in urban environment”, in:: Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Computers in Urban Planning and Urban Management-CUPUM 2003, Sendai, Japan, pp. 27-29.Teller J., 2003, “A spherical metric for the field-orientated analysis of complex urban open spaces”, Environment and Planning B, Planning and Design, Vol. 30, pp. 339-365.Tucker C., Ostwald M. J., Chalup S. K. and Marshall J., 2004, “A method for the visual analysis of the streetscape”, Contexts of Architecture, Launceston, Tasmania.Turner A., 2003, “Analysing the Visual Dynamics of Spatial Morphology”, Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design 30, no. 5, pp. 657–676.Turner A. and Penn A., 1999, “Making isovists syntatic: Isovist integration analysis”, in Proceedings of the 2nd International Symposium on Space Syntax, Vol. 3, Universidad de Brasil, Brasilia, Brazil.Wiener J. M. and Franz G., 2004, “Isovists as a means to predict spatial experience and behavior”, in C. Freksa, M. Knau®, B. Krieg-BrÄuckner, B. Nebel, & T. Barkowsky (Eds.), Spatial Cognition IV - Reasoning, Action, Interaction. Berlin, Germany, Springer. in press.Yang P. P. J., Putra S. Y., Li W., 2005, “Impacts of density and typology on design strategies and perceptual quality of urban space”, In Proceedings of Map Asia 2005 Conference, Jakarta.Yang P. P. J., Putra S. Y., Li W., 2005, “Viewsphere: a GIS-based 3D visibility analysis for urban design evaluation”. Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design.Yu S. M., Han S. S., Chai C. H., 2007, “Modeling the value of view in high-rise apartments: a 3D GIS approach”. Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design 2007, 34, pp. 139-153. 描述 碩士
國立政治大學
地政研究所
96257010
99資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0096257010 資料類型 thesis dc.contributor.advisor 蔡育新 zh_TW dc.contributor.advisor Tsai, Yu Hsin en_US dc.contributor.author (Authors) 林煥軒 zh_TW dc.creator (作者) 林煥軒 zh_TW dc.date (日期) 2010 en_US dc.date.accessioned 3-Sep-2013 14:48:41 (UTC+8) - dc.date.available 3-Sep-2013 14:48:41 (UTC+8) - dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 3-Sep-2013 14:48:41 (UTC+8) - dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0096257010 en_US dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/59804 - dc.description (描述) 碩士 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 地政研究所 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 96257010 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 99 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) 近年由於永續發展的觀念興起，許多與永續發展理念相契合的都市發展型態（Urban Form）如緊密都市（Compact City）及大眾運輸導向發展（Transit-Oriented Development, TOD）等，皆提出高密度之都市發展建議。但高密度都市發展可能引起採光及通風不良、景觀的惡化、個人隱私的侵害等潛在的負面影響。然而，過去文獻對於以都市規劃或設計，以減輕高密度建成環境對居民造成的負面影響甚少著墨。基此，本研究目的為分析都市計畫與設計元素對高建成環境的住宅居住品質的影響。研究方法為於虛擬的社區環境中，運用影響住宅建物的都市規劃與設計之元素，藉以建立不同住宅社區空間情境，進而分析個別規劃或設計元素對於居民與行人的不同居住品質指標的影響。主要分析工具包括ArcGIS、Google Sketchup，分析方法包括模擬分析、彈性係數計算。研究分別由居民及行人兩種觀點進行探討，結果顯示不同面相之都市設計元素的改變，在不同觀點之下，對於居住品質皆產生不同程度之影響，藉此有助於進一步了解各種都市設計元素與社區中居民及行人之間的關係，以作為未來都市設計工作及政策之參考。 zh_TW dc.description.tableofcontents 第一章 緒論 1第一節 研究背景與動機 1第二節 研究目的 2第三節 研究內容 3第四節 研究方法與研究流程 4第二章 理論與文獻回顧 6第一節 都市設計 6第二節 居住品質及相關指標之研究 15第三節 小結 36第三章 研究設計 37第一節 研究架構與分析工具 37第二節 基本住宅社區情境與都市設計元素的選取 39第三節 住宅社區情境模擬 54第四節 居住品質衡量面向與指標 70第五節 分析方法 79第四章 情境模擬分析結果 82第一節 行人觀測點之情境模擬分析 82第二節 住戶觀測點之情境模擬分析 131第三節 住宅隱私性分析 167第四節 單一都市設計元素於不同居住品質面向之影響 173第五章 結論與建議 182第一節 結論 182第二節 政策建議 187第三節 後續研究建議 188參考文獻 i zh_TW dc.format.extent 15231475 bytes - dc.format.mimetype application/pdf - dc.language.iso en_US - dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0096257010 en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) 都市設計 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 都市規劃 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 居住品質 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 模擬分析 zh_TW dc.title (題名) 高密度建成環境下影響住宅居住品質之都市設計元素之研究 zh_TW dc.title (題名) The effects of urban design elements on residential livability in high-density built environment en_US dc.type (資料類型) thesis en dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 參考文獻中文部分Roger Trancik著，謝慶達譯，1989，《找尋失落的空間》，台北，創興出版社有限公司。Jonathan Barnett著，謝慶達、莊建德譯，1993，《都市設計概論》，台北，創興出版社有限公司。Hamid Shirvani著，謝慶達譯，1990，《都市設計程序》，台北，創興出版社有限公司。內政部營建署市鄉規劃局，1999，《都市規劃作業手冊》，內政部營建署。林欽榮，1995，《都市設計在台灣》，台北，創興出版社有限公司。陳明竺，1992，《都市設計》，台北，創興出版社有限公司。蔡佳蓉，2004，〈本土化TOD都市設計策略之研究〉，國立成功大學都市計劃研究所碩士論文。張紀涵，2001，〈都市設計之實質環境規劃專家評估系統建立〉，朝陽科技大學建築及都市設計研究所碩士論文。何友鋒，2007，〈都市設計永續值評估指標建立〉，朝陽科技大學建築及都市設計研究所碩士論文。蕭智夫，2004，〈都市設計建築量體管制原則之研究－以新市區建設地區為例〉，國立成功大學建築研究所碩士論文。蔡瓊儀，2005，〈都市設計管制建築退縮作為人行空間規劃與執行之研究－以高雄大學特定區為例〉，國立高雄大學都市發展與建築研究所碩士論文。李家儂，2003，〈都會區大眾運輸導向發展之規劃模式〉，國立台北大學都市計劃研究所碩士論文。楊恩捷，2004，〈緊密都市之永續性分析〉，國立台北大學都市計劃研究所碩士論文。黃崑山，2006，〈由開發管制理念探討台灣都市設計之定位與功能〉，都市與計劃，頁31-49。吳綱立，2006，〈從西方近代都市設計思潮的發展看台灣都市設計專業的定位〉，《建築學報》，中華民國建築學會，頁111-146。唐建章，1992，〈都市計畫及規劃〉，台北，高立圖書有限公司。英文部分Batty M., 2001, “Exploring isovist fields: space and shape in architectural and urban morphology”, Environment and Planning B, 28, pp. 123–150.Batty M., Dodge M., Jiang B., and Smith A., 1999, “GIS and urban design”. In Geographical Information and Planning: European Perspectives, edited by S. Geertman, S. Openshaw, and J. Stillwell (London, New York, Berlin: Springer-Verlag), pp. 43–65.Churchman A. 1999, “Disentangling the concept of density”, Journal of Planning Literature, 13: 389-411. 13:389-411.Ervin S., Steinitz C., 2003, “Landscape visibility computation: necessary, but not sufficient”, Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design 2003, 30, pp. 757-766.Fisher-Gewirtzman D., Burt M., Tzamir Y., 2003, “A 3-D visual method for comparative evaluation of dense built-up environments”, Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design, Vol.30, pp. 575-587.Fisher-Gewirtzman D., Pinsly D. S., Wagner I. A., Burt M., 2005, “View-oriented three-dimensional visual analysis models for the urban environment” Urban Design International, 10, pp. 23-37. Fisher-Gewirtzman D., Wagner, I., 2003, “Spatial openess as a practical metric for evaluating built up environments”, in: Environment and Planning B, Planning and Design, Vol.20, pp. 37-49.Foo T. S., 2001, “Planning and design of Tampines, an award-winning high-rise, high-density township in Singapore”, Cities, 18-1, pp. 33-42.Forsyth A., 2003, “Measuring density: working definitions for residential density and building intensity”, Design Brief 9, Minneapolis: Design Center.Hui S. C. M., 2001, “Low energy building design in high density urban cities”, Renewable Energy, 24, pp. 627-640.Llobera M., 2003, “Extending GIS-based visual analysis: the concept of visualscapes”, International Journal of Geographical Information Science 17, pp. 25-48.Mak A.S.H., Yip E.K.M. and Lai P.C., 2005, “Developing a city skyline for Hong Kong using GIS and urban design guidelines”, URISA (Urban and Regional Information Systems Association) Journal 17(1), pp. 33-42.Niu J., 2004, “Some significant environmental issues in high-rise residential building design in urban areas”, Energy and Buildings 36(12), pp. 1259-1263.Pinsly D. S., Fisher-Gewirtzman D., and Burt M., 2007, “’Visual exposure’ analysis model: a comparative evaluation of three case studies”, URBAN DESIGN International (2007) 12, pp. 155–168.Pietsch S., 2000, “Computer visualization in the design control of urban environments: Aliterature review”, Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design, 27, pp.4: 521-36.Porta S., and Renne J. L., 2005, “Linking urban design to sustainability: Formal indicators of social urban sustainability field research in Perth, Western Australia”, Urban Design International, 10(1), pp. 51-64.Putra S. Y., Yang P., 2005, “Analyzing mental geography of residential environment in Singapore using GIS-based 3D visibility analysis”, In: Proceedings of the International Conference ‘Doing, thinking, feeling home: the mental geography of residential environments’ in Delft, The Netherlands.Putra S. Y., Yang P. P. J., 2005, “Analysing Mental Geography of Residential Environment in Singapore using GIS-based 3D Visibility Analysis”. Department of Architecture, School of Design and Environment National University of Singapore.Ratti C., 2004, “Space syntax: some inconsistencies”, Environment and Planning B, 31, pp. 487-499.Sander H. A., Manson S. M., 2007, “Heights and locations of artificial structures in viewshed calculation: How close is close enough?”, Landscape and Urban Planning 82, pp. 257-270.Souza L. C. L., Rodrigues D. S. and Mendes J. F. G., 2003, “A 3D-GIS extension for sky view factors assessment in urban environment”, in:: Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Computers in Urban Planning and Urban Management-CUPUM 2003, Sendai, Japan, pp. 27-29.Teller J., 2003, “A spherical metric for the field-orientated analysis of complex urban open spaces”, Environment and Planning B, Planning and Design, Vol. 30, pp. 339-365.Tucker C., Ostwald M. J., Chalup S. K. and Marshall J., 2004, “A method for the visual analysis of the streetscape”, Contexts of Architecture, Launceston, Tasmania.Turner A., 2003, “Analysing the Visual Dynamics of Spatial Morphology”, Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design 30, no. 5, pp. 657–676.Turner A. and Penn A., 1999, “Making isovists syntatic: Isovist integration analysis”, in Proceedings of the 2nd International Symposium on Space Syntax, Vol. 3, Universidad de Brasil, Brasilia, Brazil.Wiener J. M. and Franz G., 2004, “Isovists as a means to predict spatial experience and behavior”, in C. Freksa, M. Knau®, B. Krieg-BrÄuckner, B. Nebel, & T. Barkowsky (Eds.), Spatial Cognition IV - Reasoning, Action, Interaction. Berlin, Germany, Springer. in press.Yang P. P. J., Putra S. Y., Li W., 2005, “Impacts of density and typology on design strategies and perceptual quality of urban space”, In Proceedings of Map Asia 2005 Conference, Jakarta.Yang P. P. J., Putra S. Y., Li W., 2005, “Viewsphere: a GIS-based 3D visibility analysis for urban design evaluation”. Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design.Yu S. M., Han S. S., Chai C. H., 2007, “Modeling the value of view in high-rise apartments: a 3D GIS approach”. Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design 2007, 34, pp. 139-153. zh_TW
