1. NCCU Academic Hub
  2. 學術產出
  3. College of Social Science
  4. Theses
  5. Item

學術產出-Theses

Article View/Open

Publication Export

Google ScholarTM

政大圖書館

Citation Infomation

  • No doi shows Citation Infomation
題名 應用PS-InSAR於大屯火山地表形變之長期監測
A Long-term Surface Deformation Monitoring over Datun Volcano Group Using PS-InSAR Technique
作者 洪翊甯
Hung, Yi Ning
貢獻者 林士淵
Lin, Shih Yuan
洪翊甯
Hung, Yi Ning
關鍵詞 大屯火山群
地表形變
PS-InSAR
日期 2012
上傳時間 1-Oct-2013 11:51:28 (UTC+8)
摘要 大屯火山群為台灣地區最大之火山群，為了解此火山群之運動情況，已有許多研究單位於此區進行許多內部岩漿庫與外部地表之監測，由近年研究發現，大屯火山群仍含有活動之岩漿庫，為一休眠之活火山，由於大屯火山之地理位置接近台北盆地，若火山噴發即會造成嚴重之傷害，故對於大屯火山之監測，為刻不容緩之課題。遙感探測（Remote Sensing）技術為偵測地表形變常用之方法，其中的合成孔徑雷達干涉（InSAR）與合成孔徑雷達差分干涉（D-InSAR）技術具有大範圍獲取地表形變資訊，並可達公分等級精度之優點，但由於植被和山區之同調性較低，難以獲取形變資訊，為突破此限制，學者提出以永久散射體合成孔徑雷達差分干涉（PS-InSAR）技術偵測地表形變。本研究之目的為獲取長時間序列大屯火山外部地表形變資訊，而由於研究區域位於山區且植被覆蓋茂盛，影響InSAR與D-InSAR技術之偵測成果，故本研究實施PS-InSAR技術偵測單點之地表形變量，並使用ERS-2、ASAR、PALSAR三種衛星影像，組成1995年至2011年之長時間序列，得到時間序列內永久散射點之地表形變平均速度場（Velocity Field），發現大屯火山群上之地表形變，在同一地區並非持續的抬升或沉降，而存有隨時間、空間之不同，地表形變不規則之情況，本研究將此成果與GPS與精密水準資料檢核，得到趨勢符合真實地表形變情形之成果，證實以PS-InSAR技術偵測大屯火山群之能力。
Although there was no eruption occurring for three hundred thousand years, the existing ground monitoring reveals that Datun volcanoes may be still active. As Datun volcano group is very close to Taipei City, serious damages would occur if the volcanoes erupted. Therefore it is critical to understand the behaviors of the volcanoes. To this end, we used space-borne Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data and interferometric processing techniques to detect sub-centimeter level ground deformation. Moreover, in order to achieve a long term monitoring, multiple radar data, including ERS-2, ASAR and PALSAR covering from 1995 to 2011, were employed. Through the Persistent Scatterers Interferometric SAR (PS-InSAR) processing, the ground displacement rate occurring over Datun volcanoes was derived. We notice that ground displacement over Datun volcano group is inconsistence with time. The results were verified with ground leveling data and GPS observations and were proved reliable.
參考文獻 中文參考文獻
中央研究院地球科學研究所，2012，大屯火山群： 整合分析地球物理、地球化學、測地學之觀測，http：//www.earth.sinica.edu.tw/res_project.php，取用日期：2012年7月12日
王志添，2010，「多組態星載干涉雷達於地變形觀測研究」，國立中央大學太空科學研究所博士論文：中壢市。
王志添、陳錕山、張佩雯，2005，「多偏極雷達於林區監測研究」，論文發表於〈台灣地理資訊學會年會暨學術研討會〉，台灣地理資訊學會：台北市，2005年10月27日至28日。
李昀叡、劉正千、鄭依凡，2012「應用區域閥值自動選定技術處理偏極化合成孔徑雷達影像以快速而準確地判定淹水範圍」，論文發表於〈台灣地理資訊學會年會暨學術研討會〉，台灣地理資訊學會：台中市，2012年6月27日至28日。
周峰泯，2009，「應用永久散射體差分干涉法觀測台灣北部地區之地表變形」，中央大學地球物理研究所碩士論文：中壢市。
林正洪，2009，「聽診大屯火山的微震」，『科學發展』，（437）。
林紀綱，2003，「NASA/JPL空載INSAR測定台灣地區的DEM成果分析」，成功大學測量工程學系碩士論文：台南市。
林耕霈，2012，「利用永久性散射體差分干涉法探討台南地區之地殼形變」，國立中央大學碩士論文：國立中央大學。
國立中央大學通訊系統研究中心，2000，『應用空載雷達影像資料於災害防救之研究』臺北市：經濟部水資源局。
張中白、王志添、王皓正、陳錕山，2004，「應用雷達差分干涉法監測都會型地表變形：以中壢工業區為例」，『航測及遙測學刊』，9 （3）：9-14。
張奇，1995，「空載合成孔徑雷達影像於外方位參數與地表重建之研究」，中央大學土木工程研究所碩士論文：中壢市。
曹恕中，2009，「潛在性的活火山－大屯火山群」，『科學發展』，（437）：
陳錕山，2006，『衛星災害監測及預警機制建立』1，台北市：經濟部水利署。
陽明山國家公園，2004，大屯火山群的故事，http：//eip.ymsnp.gov.tw/web/view16c.aspx，取用日期：2012年7月12日
黃雅霙，2011，「以永久散射體雷達干涉技術偵測屏東平原地表變形之研究」，國立高雄應用科技大學碩士論文：國立高雄應用科技大學。
楊豐毓，2012，「多元衛星雷達影像於植被覆蓋區執行PS-InSAR之研究」，國立政治大學地政學系私立中國地政研究所碩士論文：國立政治大學。
潘國樑，2009，『遙測學大綱』第二版，台北市：科技圖書股份有限公司。
盧玉芳，2007，「以雷達干涉技術監測雲林地層下陷」，國立交通大學土木工程系所碩士論文：新竹市。
蕭逸凡，2010，「永久散射雷達干涉技術應用於地表變遷偵測」，中央大學土木工程學系碩士論文：中壢市。
謝嘉聲，2006，「以雷達干涉技術偵測地表變形之研究」，國立交通大學土木工程研究所博士論文：新竹市。
謝嘉聲、史天元，1999，「以雷達干涉量測技術產生數值高程模型資料實作探討」，『地圖』，1 （10）：69-82。
謝嘉聲、史天元，2001，「以Doris進行雷達差分干涉技術產生數值地形模型之研究」，論文發表於〈第二十屆測量學術及應用研討會〉，國立中央大學太空及遙測研究中心：中壢市，2001年9月6日至7日。
外文參考文獻
Adams, B.J., 2004, "Iimproved disaster management through post-earthquake building damage assessment using multitemporal satellite imagery", Paper presented at ISPRS, ISPRS, Istanbul, Turkey, 12-23 July.
Aobpaet, A., Cuenca, M. C., Hooper, A. and Trisirisatayawong, I, 2009, "Land subsidence evaluation using InSAR time series analysis in Bangkok metropolitan area", Paper presented at FRINGE Workshop, Frascati, Italy, 30 November-4 December.
Bayuaji, L. and Sumantyo, J.T.S., 2011, "ALOS Palsar for temporal analysis of surface deformation on mud volcano eruption in Sidoarjo using D-InSAR technique", Paper presented at ACRS, Chinese Taipei Society of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing; Center for Space and Remote Sensing Research, National Central University; Asian Association on Remote Sensing; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Taipei, Taiwan, October 3 - 7, 2011.
Berardino, P., Fornaro, G., Lanari, R. and Sansosti, E, 2002, "A new algorithm for surface deformation monitoring based on small baseline differential SAR interferograms", IEEE Transactions on Geosicence and Remote Sensing. 40（11）, 2375-2383.
Campbell, B.A., 2002, Radar Remote Sensing of Planetary Surfaces. Cambridge： University Press.
Chang, C. P., Yen J. Y., Hooper A., Chou F. M., Chen Y. A., Hou C. S., Hung W. C., and Lin M. S., 2010, “Monitoring of Surface Deformation in Northern Taiwan Using DInSAR and PSInSAR Techniques,” Terrestrial, Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences. 21（3）, 447–461.
Chang, W. L., Smith, R. B., Farrell, J. and Puskas, C. m., 2007, " Accelerated Uplift and Magmatic Intrusion of the Yellowstone Caldera, 2004 to 2006", SCIENCE, vol. 38,
Chang, W. L., Smith, R. B., Farrell, J. and Puskas, C. m., 2010, " An extraordinary episode of Yellowstone caldera uplift, 2004–2010, from GPS and InSAR observations", GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, vol. 37, L23302.
Crosetto, M., Arnaud, A., Duro, J., Biescas, E. and Agudo, M., 2003, "Deformation monitoring using remotely sensed radar interferometric data", Paper presented at 11th FIG Symposium on Deformation Measurements, The International Federation of Surveyors is an international,, Santorini, Greece, May 25-28.
Deane, R.A. and Domville, A. R., 1973, Side-looking Radar Systems and Their Potential Application to Earth Resource Surveys. EASAMS, 1972.
Edith Stabel, P.F., 2001, "Satellite radar interferometric products for the urban application domain", Advances in Environmental Research. 5（15）： 425-438.
Fan, K.-T., Chung-Paib, C., Yenc, H.-Y., Yend, J.-Y. and Chene, C.-H., 2011, "Monitoring of surface deformation in northern Taiwan using PS-InSAR techniques", Paper presented at ACRS, Chinese Taipei Society of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing; Center for Space and Remote Sensing Research, National Central University;Asian Association on Remote Sensing; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Taipei, Taiwan, October 3 - 7, 2011.
Ferretti, A., Monti-Guarnieri, A., Prati, C., Rocca, F., Milano, P.d. and Massonnet, D., 2007, InSAR Principles： Guidelines for SAR Interferometry Processing and Interpretation. Netherlands： ESA.
Fornaroa, G., Pauciulloa, A. and Serafinoa, F., 2009, "Deformation monitoring over large areas with multipass differential SAR interferometry： a new approach based on the use of spatial differences", REMOTE SENSING. 30（6）： 1455-1478.
Gabriel, A.K. and Goldstein, R.M., 1988, "Crossed orbit interferometry： theory and experimental results from SIR-B", REMOTE SENSING. 9（5）： 857-872.
Geiger, A., 1988, "Simulating Disturbances in GPS by Continuous Satellite Distribution", Surveying Engineering. 114（4）： 182-194.
Gens, R. and Genderen, J.L.V., 1996, "SAR interferometry-issues, techniques, applications", REMOTE SENSING. 17（10）： 1803-1835.
Graham, L.c., 1974, "Synthetic Interferometer Radar for Topographic Mapping", IEEE. 62（6）： 763-768.
Hall, R.W. and Branson, N.J.B.A., 1971, "High resolution radio observations of the planet Venus at a wavelength of 6 CM", Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 151（1971）： 185-196.
Henderson, F. M. and Lewis, A. J.,1998, Principles and applications of imaging radar. Manual of remote sensing.vol.2. USA：John Wiley and sons.
Hooper, A., 2004, "A new method for measuring deformation on volcanoes and other natural terrains using InSAR persistent scatterers", GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS. 31（23）：
Hooper, A., 2008, "A multi-temporal InSAR method incorporating both persistent scatterer and small baseline approaches", GeoPHYSICAL RESEARCH. 35（L16302）： L16302（16301-16305）.
Hooper, A., 2008, "A combined multi-temporal insar method incorporating persistent scatterer and small baseline approaches", Paper presented at FRINGE Workshop, Frascati, 2007.
Hooper, A., Segall, P. and Zebker, H., 2007, "Persistent scatterer interferometric synthetic aperture radar for crustal deformation analysis, with application to Volca´n Alcedo, Gala´pagos",GeoPHYSICAL RESEARCH. 112（B07407）： B07407（07401-07421）.
Hooper, A.., 2006, Persistent scatterer radar interferometry for crustal deformation studies and modeling of volcanic deformation, published doctoral dissertation, stanford university, Julianalaan 134, Delft, the Netherlands
Hu, J.-C., Champenoisb, J., Lina, K.-C., Fruneau, B. and Pathierc, E., 2011, "Monitoring of active deformation in collision zone of eastern Taiwan from PS-InSAR and continuous GPS observation", Paper presented at ACRS, Chinese Taipei Society of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing; Center for Space and Remote Sensing Research, National Central University; Asian Association on Remote Sensing; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Taipei, Taiwan, October 3-7, 2011.
Huang, M.-H., Hu, J.-C., Ching, K.-E., Rau, R.-J., Hsieh, C.-S., Pathier, E., Fruneau, B. and Deffontaines, B., 2009, "Active deformation of Tainan tableland of southwestern Taiwan based on geodetic measurements and SAR interferometry", Tectonophysics. 466（3–4）： 322-334.
Jensen, J.R., 2007, Remote Sensing of the Enviroment. USA： Pearson.
Kampers, B.M., 2005, Displacement parameter estimation using permanent scatterer interferomertry, published doctoral dissertation, Delft University, Delft, Netherlandss
Loffeld, O., Nies, H., Knedlik, S. and Wang, Y. , 2008, "Phase unwrapping for SAR interferometry—A data fusion approach by Kalman filtering", IEEE Transactions on Geosicence and Remote Sensing. 46（1）： 47-58.
Lundgren, P., Usai, S., Sansosti, E., Lanari, R., Tesauro, M., Fornaro, G. and Berardino, P., 2001, "Modeling surface deformation observed with synthetic aperture radar interferometry at Campi Flegrei caldera", GeoPHYSICAL RESEARCH. 106（B9）： 19355-19366.
Lyons, S. and Sandwell, D., 2003, "Fault creep along the southern San Andreas from interferometric synthetic aperture radar, permanent scatterers, and stacking", GeoPHYSICAL RESEARCH. 108（B1）： 2047-2057.
Massonnet, D., Carmona, M.R.C., Adragna, F., Peltzer, G., Feigl, K. and Rabaute, T.，1993，「The displacement field of the Landers earthquake mapped by radar interferometry」，『Nature』，364 （8）：138-142。
Massonnet, D. and Feigl, K.L., 1998, "Radar interferometry and its application to changes in the earth`s surface", Reviews of Geophysics. 36（4）： 441-500.
Mora, O., Mallorqui, J.J. and Broquetas, A., 2003, "Linear and Nolinear Terrain Deformation Maps from Reduced set of interferogrametric SAR Images", IEEE Transactions on Geosicence and Remote Sensing. 41（10）： 2243-2253.
Natural Resources Canada, 2008, "Radar Polarimetry", http://www.nrcan.gc.ca/earth-sciences/geography-boundary/remote-sensing/fundamentals/1025, （Date visited：July 4, 2013）
Ng, S.M., Hu, J.-C., Chang, C.-P., Wu, Y.-M. and Yu, S.-B., 2011, "Seismic hazard assessment in Taoyuan-Hsinchu area：Insights from InSAR Persistent Scatterers", Paper presented at ACRS, Chinese Taipei Society of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing; Center for Space and Remote Sensing Research, National Central University; Asian Association on Remote Sensing; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Taipei, Taiwan, October 3 - 7, 2011.
Pinel, V., Hooper, A., De la Cruz-Reyna, S., Reyes-Davila, G., Doin, M. P. and Bascou, P, 2011, "The challenging retrieval of the displacement field from InSAR data for andesitic stratovolcanoes： Case study of Popocatepetl and Colima volcano, Mexico", Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 200（1）： 49-61.
Rosen, P.A., Hensley, S., Joughin, L.R., Li, F.K., Madsen, S.N., Rodríguez, E. and Goldstein, R.M., 2000, "Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry", Proceedings of the IEEE. 88（3）： 333-382.
Shimada, M., Tadono, T., Takahashi, M., Ohki, M., Miyagi, Y., Watanabe, M., Motooka, T., Shiraishi, T., Kawano, N. and Tapa, R., 2011, "ALOS Achievement Summary And ALOS-2/3", Paper presented at ACRS, Chinese Taipei Society of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing; Center for Space and Remote Sensing Research, National Central University; Asian Association on Remote Sensing; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Taipei, Taiwan, October 3 - 7, 2011.
Suga, Y., Takeuchi, S., Oguro, Y., Chen, A.J., Ogawa, M., Konishi, T. and Yonezawa, C., 2001, "Application of ERS-2/SAR data for The 1999 Taiwan earthquake", Adv. Space Res. 28（1）： 155-163.
Verhoest, N.E.C., Lievens, H., Wagner, W., Álvarez-Mozos, J., Moran, M.S. and Mattia, F., 2008, "On the Soil Roughness Parameterization Problem in Soil Moisture Retrieval of Bare Surfaces from Synthetic Aperture Radar", Sensors. 2008（8）： 4213-4248.
Werner, C., Wegmüller, U., Strozzi, T. and Wiesmann, A., 2003, "Interferometric Point Target Analysis for Deformation Mapping", Paper presented at IGARSS`03, IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Society, Toulouse, France, July 21-25.
Werner, C., Wegmüller, U., Strozzi, T., Wiesmann, A. and Santoro, M, 2007, "PALSAR multi-mode interferometric processing", Paper presented at 1st Joint PI Symposium of ALOS Data Nodes, Kyoto, Japan , November 19-23, 2007.
Chang, W.L., Smith, R.B., Wicks, C., Farrell, J.M., Puskas, C. M., 2007, "Accelerated Uplift and Magmatic Intrusion of the Yellowstone Caldera, 2004 to 2006", Science, 318:952.
Xia, Y., 2010, "Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry", Sciences of Geodesy-I. 415-474.
Young, T., 1805, "An Essay on the Cohesion of Fluids", Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. 95（0）： 66-87.
Yu, J.H. and GE., L., 2010, "Digital Elevation Model generation using ascending and descending multi-baseline ALOS/PALSAR radar images", Paper presented at FIG Congress 2010, FIG, Sydney, Australia, 11-16 April.
Zebker, H.A. and Rosen, P., 1994, "On the derivation of coseismic displacement fields using differential radar interferometry： The Landers earthquake", Journal of Geophysical Research： Solid Earth. 1（1994）： 286-288.
描述 碩士
國立政治大學
地政研究所
100257026
101
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0100257026
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 林士淵zh_TW
dc.contributor.advisor Lin, Shih Yuanen_US
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 洪翊甯zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) Hung, Yi Ningen_US
dc.creator (作者) 洪翊甯zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) Hung, Yi Ningen_US
dc.date (日期) 2012en_US
dc.date.accessioned 1-Oct-2013 11:51:28 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 1-Oct-2013 11:51:28 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 1-Oct-2013 11:51:28 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0100257026en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/61171-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 地政研究所zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 100257026zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 101zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 大屯火山群為台灣地區最大之火山群，為了解此火山群之運動情況，已有許多研究單位於此區進行許多內部岩漿庫與外部地表之監測，由近年研究發現，大屯火山群仍含有活動之岩漿庫，為一休眠之活火山，由於大屯火山之地理位置接近台北盆地，若火山噴發即會造成嚴重之傷害，故對於大屯火山之監測，為刻不容緩之課題。遙感探測（Remote Sensing）技術為偵測地表形變常用之方法，其中的合成孔徑雷達干涉（InSAR）與合成孔徑雷達差分干涉（D-InSAR）技術具有大範圍獲取地表形變資訊，並可達公分等級精度之優點，但由於植被和山區之同調性較低，難以獲取形變資訊，為突破此限制，學者提出以永久散射體合成孔徑雷達差分干涉（PS-InSAR）技術偵測地表形變。本研究之目的為獲取長時間序列大屯火山外部地表形變資訊，而由於研究區域位於山區且植被覆蓋茂盛，影響InSAR與D-InSAR技術之偵測成果，故本研究實施PS-InSAR技術偵測單點之地表形變量，並使用ERS-2、ASAR、PALSAR三種衛星影像，組成1995年至2011年之長時間序列，得到時間序列內永久散射點之地表形變平均速度場（Velocity Field），發現大屯火山群上之地表形變，在同一地區並非持續的抬升或沉降，而存有隨時間、空間之不同，地表形變不規則之情況，本研究將此成果與GPS與精密水準資料檢核，得到趨勢符合真實地表形變情形之成果，證實以PS-InSAR技術偵測大屯火山群之能力。zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) Although there was no eruption occurring for three hundred thousand years, the existing ground monitoring reveals that Datun volcanoes may be still active. As Datun volcano group is very close to Taipei City, serious damages would occur if the volcanoes erupted. Therefore it is critical to understand the behaviors of the volcanoes. To this end, we used space-borne Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data and interferometric processing techniques to detect sub-centimeter level ground deformation. Moreover, in order to achieve a long term monitoring, multiple radar data, including ERS-2, ASAR and PALSAR covering from 1995 to 2011, were employed. Through the Persistent Scatterers Interferometric SAR (PS-InSAR) processing, the ground displacement rate occurring over Datun volcanoes was derived. We notice that ground displacement over Datun volcano group is inconsistence with time. The results were verified with ground leveling data and GPS observations and were proved reliable.en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents 目錄
摘要 I
圖目錄 IV
表目錄 VII
第一章 緒論 1
第一節 研究背景與動機 1
第二節 研究目的 4
第三節 文章架構 5
第二章 理論基礎與文獻回顧 7
第一節 合成孔徑雷達影像 7
第二節 雷達干涉原理 12
第三節 長時間序列之雷達干涉處理 20
第四節 小結 29
第三章 研究方法 31
第一節 研究工具 33
第二節 PS-INSAR處理流程 35
第四章 研究成果與檢核 41
第一節 資料選取 41
第二節 研究成果 44
第三節 PS-INSAR成果檢核 44
第五章 成果討論 44
第一節 檢核成果討論 44
第二節 技術執行 44
第六章 結論與建議 44
參考文獻 44		zh_TW
dc.format.extent 9287724 bytes-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.language.iso en_US-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0100257026en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 大屯火山群zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 地表形變zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) PS-InSARzh_TW
dc.title (題名) 應用PS-InSAR於大屯火山地表形變之長期監測zh_TW
dc.title (題名) A Long-term Surface Deformation Monitoring over Datun Volcano Group Using PS-InSAR Techniqueen_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 中文參考文獻
中央研究院地球科學研究所，2012，大屯火山群： 整合分析地球物理、地球化學、測地學之觀測，http：//www.earth.sinica.edu.tw/res_project.php，取用日期：2012年7月12日
王志添，2010，「多組態星載干涉雷達於地變形觀測研究」，國立中央大學太空科學研究所博士論文：中壢市。
王志添、陳錕山、張佩雯，2005，「多偏極雷達於林區監測研究」，論文發表於〈台灣地理資訊學會年會暨學術研討會〉，台灣地理資訊學會：台北市，2005年10月27日至28日。
李昀叡、劉正千、鄭依凡，2012「應用區域閥值自動選定技術處理偏極化合成孔徑雷達影像以快速而準確地判定淹水範圍」，論文發表於〈台灣地理資訊學會年會暨學術研討會〉，台灣地理資訊學會：台中市，2012年6月27日至28日。
周峰泯，2009，「應用永久散射體差分干涉法觀測台灣北部地區之地表變形」，中央大學地球物理研究所碩士論文：中壢市。
林正洪，2009，「聽診大屯火山的微震」，『科學發展』，（437）。
林紀綱，2003，「NASA/JPL空載INSAR測定台灣地區的DEM成果分析」，成功大學測量工程學系碩士論文：台南市。
林耕霈，2012，「利用永久性散射體差分干涉法探討台南地區之地殼形變」，國立中央大學碩士論文：國立中央大學。
國立中央大學通訊系統研究中心，2000，『應用空載雷達影像資料於災害防救之研究』臺北市：經濟部水資源局。
張中白、王志添、王皓正、陳錕山，2004，「應用雷達差分干涉法監測都會型地表變形：以中壢工業區為例」，『航測及遙測學刊』，9 （3）：9-14。
張奇，1995，「空載合成孔徑雷達影像於外方位參數與地表重建之研究」，中央大學土木工程研究所碩士論文：中壢市。
曹恕中，2009，「潛在性的活火山－大屯火山群」，『科學發展』，（437）：
陳錕山，2006，『衛星災害監測及預警機制建立』1，台北市：經濟部水利署。
陽明山國家公園，2004，大屯火山群的故事，http：//eip.ymsnp.gov.tw/web/view16c.aspx，取用日期：2012年7月12日
黃雅霙，2011，「以永久散射體雷達干涉技術偵測屏東平原地表變形之研究」，國立高雄應用科技大學碩士論文：國立高雄應用科技大學。
楊豐毓，2012，「多元衛星雷達影像於植被覆蓋區執行PS-InSAR之研究」，國立政治大學地政學系私立中國地政研究所碩士論文：國立政治大學。
潘國樑，2009，『遙測學大綱』第二版，台北市：科技圖書股份有限公司。
盧玉芳，2007，「以雷達干涉技術監測雲林地層下陷」，國立交通大學土木工程系所碩士論文：新竹市。
蕭逸凡，2010，「永久散射雷達干涉技術應用於地表變遷偵測」，中央大學土木工程學系碩士論文：中壢市。
謝嘉聲，2006，「以雷達干涉技術偵測地表變形之研究」，國立交通大學土木工程研究所博士論文：新竹市。
謝嘉聲、史天元，1999，「以雷達干涉量測技術產生數值高程模型資料實作探討」，『地圖』，1 （10）：69-82。
謝嘉聲、史天元，2001，「以Doris進行雷達差分干涉技術產生數值地形模型之研究」，論文發表於〈第二十屆測量學術及應用研討會〉，國立中央大學太空及遙測研究中心：中壢市，2001年9月6日至7日。
外文參考文獻
Adams, B.J., 2004, "Iimproved disaster management through post-earthquake building damage assessment using multitemporal satellite imagery", Paper presented at ISPRS, ISPRS, Istanbul, Turkey, 12-23 July.
Aobpaet, A., Cuenca, M. C., Hooper, A. and Trisirisatayawong, I, 2009, "Land subsidence evaluation using InSAR time series analysis in Bangkok metropolitan area", Paper presented at FRINGE Workshop, Frascati, Italy, 30 November-4 December.
Bayuaji, L. and Sumantyo, J.T.S., 2011, "ALOS Palsar for temporal analysis of surface deformation on mud volcano eruption in Sidoarjo using D-InSAR technique", Paper presented at ACRS, Chinese Taipei Society of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing; Center for Space and Remote Sensing Research, National Central University; Asian Association on Remote Sensing; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Taipei, Taiwan, October 3 - 7, 2011.
Berardino, P., Fornaro, G., Lanari, R. and Sansosti, E, 2002, "A new algorithm for surface deformation monitoring based on small baseline differential SAR interferograms", IEEE Transactions on Geosicence and Remote Sensing. 40（11）, 2375-2383.
Campbell, B.A., 2002, Radar Remote Sensing of Planetary Surfaces. Cambridge： University Press.
Chang, C. P., Yen J. Y., Hooper A., Chou F. M., Chen Y. A., Hou C. S., Hung W. C., and Lin M. S., 2010, “Monitoring of Surface Deformation in Northern Taiwan Using DInSAR and PSInSAR Techniques,” Terrestrial, Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences. 21（3）, 447–461.
Chang, W. L., Smith, R. B., Farrell, J. and Puskas, C. m., 2007, " Accelerated Uplift and Magmatic Intrusion of the Yellowstone Caldera, 2004 to 2006", SCIENCE, vol. 38,
Chang, W. L., Smith, R. B., Farrell, J. and Puskas, C. m., 2010, " An extraordinary episode of Yellowstone caldera uplift, 2004–2010, from GPS and InSAR observations", GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, vol. 37, L23302.
Crosetto, M., Arnaud, A., Duro, J., Biescas, E. and Agudo, M., 2003, "Deformation monitoring using remotely sensed radar interferometric data", Paper presented at 11th FIG Symposium on Deformation Measurements, The International Federation of Surveyors is an international,, Santorini, Greece, May 25-28.
Deane, R.A. and Domville, A. R., 1973, Side-looking Radar Systems and Their Potential Application to Earth Resource Surveys. EASAMS, 1972.
Edith Stabel, P.F., 2001, "Satellite radar interferometric products for the urban application domain", Advances in Environmental Research. 5（15）： 425-438.
Fan, K.-T., Chung-Paib, C., Yenc, H.-Y., Yend, J.-Y. and Chene, C.-H., 2011, "Monitoring of surface deformation in northern Taiwan using PS-InSAR techniques", Paper presented at ACRS, Chinese Taipei Society of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing; Center for Space and Remote Sensing Research, National Central University;Asian Association on Remote Sensing; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Taipei, Taiwan, October 3 - 7, 2011.
Ferretti, A., Monti-Guarnieri, A., Prati, C., Rocca, F., Milano, P.d. and Massonnet, D., 2007, InSAR Principles： Guidelines for SAR Interferometry Processing and Interpretation. Netherlands： ESA.
Fornaroa, G., Pauciulloa, A. and Serafinoa, F., 2009, "Deformation monitoring over large areas with multipass differential SAR interferometry： a new approach based on the use of spatial differences", REMOTE SENSING. 30（6）： 1455-1478.
Gabriel, A.K. and Goldstein, R.M., 1988, "Crossed orbit interferometry： theory and experimental results from SIR-B", REMOTE SENSING. 9（5）： 857-872.
Geiger, A., 1988, "Simulating Disturbances in GPS by Continuous Satellite Distribution", Surveying Engineering. 114（4）： 182-194.
Gens, R. and Genderen, J.L.V., 1996, "SAR interferometry-issues, techniques, applications", REMOTE SENSING. 17（10）： 1803-1835.
Graham, L.c., 1974, "Synthetic Interferometer Radar for Topographic Mapping", IEEE. 62（6）： 763-768.
Hall, R.W. and Branson, N.J.B.A., 1971, "High resolution radio observations of the planet Venus at a wavelength of 6 CM", Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 151（1971）： 185-196.
Henderson, F. M. and Lewis, A. J.,1998, Principles and applications of imaging radar. Manual of remote sensing.vol.2. USA：John Wiley and sons.
Hooper, A., 2004, "A new method for measuring deformation on volcanoes and other natural terrains using InSAR persistent scatterers", GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS. 31（23）：
Hooper, A., 2008, "A multi-temporal InSAR method incorporating both persistent scatterer and small baseline approaches", GeoPHYSICAL RESEARCH. 35（L16302）： L16302（16301-16305）.
Hooper, A., 2008, "A combined multi-temporal insar method incorporating persistent scatterer and small baseline approaches", Paper presented at FRINGE Workshop, Frascati, 2007.
Hooper, A., Segall, P. and Zebker, H., 2007, "Persistent scatterer interferometric synthetic aperture radar for crustal deformation analysis, with application to Volca´n Alcedo, Gala´pagos",GeoPHYSICAL RESEARCH. 112（B07407）： B07407（07401-07421）.
Hooper, A.., 2006, Persistent scatterer radar interferometry for crustal deformation studies and modeling of volcanic deformation, published doctoral dissertation, stanford university, Julianalaan 134, Delft, the Netherlands
Hu, J.-C., Champenoisb, J., Lina, K.-C., Fruneau, B. and Pathierc, E., 2011, "Monitoring of active deformation in collision zone of eastern Taiwan from PS-InSAR and continuous GPS observation", Paper presented at ACRS, Chinese Taipei Society of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing; Center for Space and Remote Sensing Research, National Central University; Asian Association on Remote Sensing; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Taipei, Taiwan, October 3-7, 2011.
Huang, M.-H., Hu, J.-C., Ching, K.-E., Rau, R.-J., Hsieh, C.-S., Pathier, E., Fruneau, B. and Deffontaines, B., 2009, "Active deformation of Tainan tableland of southwestern Taiwan based on geodetic measurements and SAR interferometry", Tectonophysics. 466（3–4）： 322-334.
Jensen, J.R., 2007, Remote Sensing of the Enviroment. USA： Pearson.
Kampers, B.M., 2005, Displacement parameter estimation using permanent scatterer interferomertry, published doctoral dissertation, Delft University, Delft, Netherlandss
Loffeld, O., Nies, H., Knedlik, S. and Wang, Y. , 2008, "Phase unwrapping for SAR interferometry—A data fusion approach by Kalman filtering", IEEE Transactions on Geosicence and Remote Sensing. 46（1）： 47-58.
Lundgren, P., Usai, S., Sansosti, E., Lanari, R., Tesauro, M., Fornaro, G. and Berardino, P., 2001, "Modeling surface deformation observed with synthetic aperture radar interferometry at Campi Flegrei caldera", GeoPHYSICAL RESEARCH. 106（B9）： 19355-19366.
Lyons, S. and Sandwell, D., 2003, "Fault creep along the southern San Andreas from interferometric synthetic aperture radar, permanent scatterers, and stacking", GeoPHYSICAL RESEARCH. 108（B1）： 2047-2057.
Massonnet, D., Carmona, M.R.C., Adragna, F., Peltzer, G., Feigl, K. and Rabaute, T.，1993，「The displacement field of the Landers earthquake mapped by radar interferometry」，『Nature』，364 （8）：138-142。
Massonnet, D. and Feigl, K.L., 1998, "Radar interferometry and its application to changes in the earth`s surface", Reviews of Geophysics. 36（4）： 441-500.
Mora, O., Mallorqui, J.J. and Broquetas, A., 2003, "Linear and Nolinear Terrain Deformation Maps from Reduced set of interferogrametric SAR Images", IEEE Transactions on Geosicence and Remote Sensing. 41（10）： 2243-2253.
Natural Resources Canada, 2008, "Radar Polarimetry", http://www.nrcan.gc.ca/earth-sciences/geography-boundary/remote-sensing/fundamentals/1025, （Date visited：July 4, 2013）
Ng, S.M., Hu, J.-C., Chang, C.-P., Wu, Y.-M. and Yu, S.-B., 2011, "Seismic hazard assessment in Taoyuan-Hsinchu area：Insights from InSAR Persistent Scatterers", Paper presented at ACRS, Chinese Taipei Society of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing; Center for Space and Remote Sensing Research, National Central University; Asian Association on Remote Sensing; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Taipei, Taiwan, October 3 - 7, 2011.
Pinel, V., Hooper, A., De la Cruz-Reyna, S., Reyes-Davila, G., Doin, M. P. and Bascou, P, 2011, "The challenging retrieval of the displacement field from InSAR data for andesitic stratovolcanoes： Case study of Popocatepetl and Colima volcano, Mexico", Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 200（1）： 49-61.
Rosen, P.A., Hensley, S., Joughin, L.R., Li, F.K., Madsen, S.N., Rodríguez, E. and Goldstein, R.M., 2000, "Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry", Proceedings of the IEEE. 88（3）： 333-382.
Shimada, M., Tadono, T., Takahashi, M., Ohki, M., Miyagi, Y., Watanabe, M., Motooka, T., Shiraishi, T., Kawano, N. and Tapa, R., 2011, "ALOS Achievement Summary And ALOS-2/3", Paper presented at ACRS, Chinese Taipei Society of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing; Center for Space and Remote Sensing Research, National Central University; Asian Association on Remote Sensing; International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Taipei, Taiwan, October 3 - 7, 2011.
Suga, Y., Takeuchi, S., Oguro, Y., Chen, A.J., Ogawa, M., Konishi, T. and Yonezawa, C., 2001, "Application of ERS-2/SAR data for The 1999 Taiwan earthquake", Adv. Space Res. 28（1）： 155-163.
Verhoest, N.E.C., Lievens, H., Wagner, W., Álvarez-Mozos, J., Moran, M.S. and Mattia, F., 2008, "On the Soil Roughness Parameterization Problem in Soil Moisture Retrieval of Bare Surfaces from Synthetic Aperture Radar", Sensors. 2008（8）： 4213-4248.
Werner, C., Wegmüller, U., Strozzi, T. and Wiesmann, A., 2003, "Interferometric Point Target Analysis for Deformation Mapping", Paper presented at IGARSS`03, IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Society, Toulouse, France, July 21-25.
Werner, C., Wegmüller, U., Strozzi, T., Wiesmann, A. and Santoro, M, 2007, "PALSAR multi-mode interferometric processing", Paper presented at 1st Joint PI Symposium of ALOS Data Nodes, Kyoto, Japan , November 19-23, 2007.
Chang, W.L., Smith, R.B., Wicks, C., Farrell, J.M., Puskas, C. M., 2007, "Accelerated Uplift and Magmatic Intrusion of the Yellowstone Caldera, 2004 to 2006", Science, 318:952.
Xia, Y., 2010, "Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry", Sciences of Geodesy-I. 415-474.
Young, T., 1805, "An Essay on the Cohesion of Fluids", Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. 95（0）： 66-87.
Yu, J.H. and GE., L., 2010, "Digital Elevation Model generation using ascending and descending multi-baseline ALOS/PALSAR radar images", Paper presented at FIG Congress 2010, FIG, Sydney, Australia, 11-16 April.
Zebker, H.A. and Rosen, P., 1994, "On the derivation of coseismic displacement fields using differential radar interferometry： The Landers earthquake", Journal of Geophysical Research： Solid Earth. 1（1994）： 286-288.		zh_TW