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題名 人民行動黨在2011年新加坡大選的形象修復個案研究
PAP’s Image Restoration for the 2011 Singapore General Elections: A Case Study作者 陳清慧
Faith Tan Qing Hui貢獻者 陳憶寧
Katherine Chen
陳清慧
Faith Tan Qing Hui關鍵詞 Benoit
形象修復策略
案例分析
危機管理
新加坡
新加坡大選
Benoit
Image Restoration Theory
Case Study
Crisis management
Singapore
Singapore General Election日期 2012 上傳時間 10-Feb-2014 14:46:20 (UTC+8) 摘要 本研究以內容分析法，引用Benoit的形象修復理論，探討人民行動黨在2011年新加坡大選中，面對移民政策、生活成本與住房等三大議題的形象修復策略。\n 研究結果顯示，因危機事件性質偏向「可預防事件群」，因此人民行動黨使用了大量較順應型的形象修復策略，例如尋求支撐與修正行動。另外，本研究也發現，因新加坡政治環境的獨特性，導致「後悔道歉」和「無力控制」這兩種策略的同時使用，此一現象與Benoit之主張有截然不同的結果。\n 本研究的結論是， 新加坡獨特的政治環境以及文化，導致Benoit所建議應該少用的一些策略，在這次的大選中反而有了正面的效果。所以，雖然人民行動黨在這次的大選中得到最低一次的得票率，但他們還是順利地在2011年的大選中修復了自己的受損形象。
This study attempts to look at the image restoration efforts of the People’s Action Party (PAP) during the period leading up to the 2011 Singapore General Election (GE).\n The PAP has constantly emerged victorious in every Singapore’s GE, however 2011’s fierce fight from the opposition and the numerous unhappy voices from the sea of Singaporeans has made it clear that their once well loved image was surely damaged. According to literature, when an image is damaged, there is a need to them repair this image. The dynamic framework of Benoit’s Image Restoration Theory will thus be used to examine the actions of the PAP in dealing with the attacks and criticism before the election date.\n This study content analyzed a five-month period newspaper coverage of the 2011 GE from two major Singapore newspapers, The Straits Times and Channelnewsasia. Results showed the PAP, due to the nature of their err, chose a more accommodative strategy when dealing with the public. On the other hand, due to Singapore’s unique political culture, the results on the use of “mortification” and “defeasibility” has also provided additional input into the current political literature, i.e. these strategies depend on the political culture. \nThe study concluded that the use image restoration strategies by the PAP though more accommodative in nature did change towards the campaign timeline. Also the political landscape and culture of Singapore made defensive strategies more affective than Benoit would have suggested. Thus the PAP though still securing the lowest vote count in its election history, still manage to save its image and secure a win in the 2011 GE.參考文獻 Adam , S. (2010, June 29). Singapore can`t become energy-independent on lack of resources, lee says. Bloomberg. Retrieved from http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2010-06-29/singapore-can-t-become-energy-independent-on-lack-of-resources-lee-says.html\nBalma, M., & Sheafer, T. (2010). 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國立政治大學
新聞研究所
100451026
101資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G1004510261 資料類型 thesis dc.contributor.advisor 陳憶寧 zh_TW dc.contributor.advisor Katherine Chen en_US dc.contributor.author (Authors) 陳清慧 zh_TW dc.contributor.author (Authors) Faith Tan Qing Hui en_US dc.creator (作者) 陳清慧 zh_TW dc.creator (作者) Faith Tan Qing Hui en_US dc.date (日期) 2012 en_US dc.date.accessioned 10-Feb-2014 14:46:20 (UTC+8) - dc.date.available 10-Feb-2014 14:46:20 (UTC+8) - dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 10-Feb-2014 14:46:20 (UTC+8) - dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G1004510261 en_US dc.identifier.uri (URI) https://ah.lib.nccu.edu.tw/item?item_id=71775 - dc.description (描述) 碩士 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 新聞研究所 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 100451026 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 101 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) 本研究以內容分析法，引用Benoit的形象修復理論，探討人民行動黨在2011年新加坡大選中，面對移民政策、生活成本與住房等三大議題的形象修復策略。\n 研究結果顯示，因危機事件性質偏向「可預防事件群」，因此人民行動黨使用了大量較順應型的形象修復策略，例如尋求支撐與修正行動。另外，本研究也發現，因新加坡政治環境的獨特性，導致「後悔道歉」和「無力控制」這兩種策略的同時使用，此一現象與Benoit之主張有截然不同的結果。\n 本研究的結論是， 新加坡獨特的政治環境以及文化，導致Benoit所建議應該少用的一些策略，在這次的大選中反而有了正面的效果。所以，雖然人民行動黨在這次的大選中得到最低一次的得票率，但他們還是順利地在2011年的大選中修復了自己的受損形象。 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) This study attempts to look at the image restoration efforts of the People’s Action Party (PAP) during the period leading up to the 2011 Singapore General Election (GE).\n The PAP has constantly emerged victorious in every Singapore’s GE, however 2011’s fierce fight from the opposition and the numerous unhappy voices from the sea of Singaporeans has made it clear that their once well loved image was surely damaged. According to literature, when an image is damaged, there is a need to them repair this image. The dynamic framework of Benoit’s Image Restoration Theory will thus be used to examine the actions of the PAP in dealing with the attacks and criticism before the election date.\n This study content analyzed a five-month period newspaper coverage of the 2011 GE from two major Singapore newspapers, The Straits Times and Channelnewsasia. Results showed the PAP, due to the nature of their err, chose a more accommodative strategy when dealing with the public. On the other hand, due to Singapore’s unique political culture, the results on the use of “mortification” and “defeasibility” has also provided additional input into the current political literature, i.e. these strategies depend on the political culture. \nThe study concluded that the use image restoration strategies by the PAP though more accommodative in nature did change towards the campaign timeline. Also the political landscape and culture of Singapore made defensive strategies more affective than Benoit would have suggested. Thus the PAP though still securing the lowest vote count in its election history, still manage to save its image and secure a win in the 2011 GE. en_US dc.description.tableofcontents List of Tables and Figures 6\nChapter 1: Introduction 8\n1.1 Research Objectives and Research problem 8\n1.2 Background General Elections 11\nNomination Day 11\nCampaigning 12\n1.3 PAP election history from 1968 to 2006 13\n1.4 2011 Singapore General Elections 18\nPAP’s crisis – unhappiness of Singaporeans towards the PAP 18\nChapter 2: Literature and Research Question 24\n2.1 Crisis management 24\nDefining Crisis Type 26\n2.2 Communication during a political campaign 28\nStages in an election campaign 28\nPolitical party image 30\n2.3 William L. Benoit Image Restoration Theory 31\nDenial 35\nEvading Responsibility 36\nReducing offensiveness 37\nCorrective Action 41\nMortification 42\n2.4 Field of research in Benoit’s Image Restoration Theory 43\n2.5 Crisis type and image restoration strategy 46\n2.6 Research Question formulation 51\nChapter 3: Methodology 52\n3.1 Sampling 52\n3.2 Data Collection 54\n3.3 Operationalization 54\n3.4 Coders reliability and validity 57\nChapter 4: Results 60\n4.1 Descriptive Statistics 60\n4.2 Answering the research Question 65\nRQ: 1 What response strategy were used by the PAP during the period leading up to the GE? 65\nRQ: 2 What was the most commonly used strategy? 66\nRQ: 3.1 Did the PAP choose a more accommodative strategy in dealing with the issues? 66\nRQ: 3.2 What strategy/ies was/were used in regards to the immigration policy? 67\nRQ: 3.3 What strategy/ies was/were used in regards to the high cost of living? 71\nRQ: 3.4 What strategy/ies was/were used in regards to the issue of housing 75\nRQ: 4 Did the campaign timeline affect the choice of strategy used? 78\nChapter 5: Discussion 85\n5.1 Discussion 85\nLooking at Benoit’s Image Restoration Theory as a whole. 96\nFuture Implications for the PAP 96\nContribution to the current political field of Public Relations 98\n5.2 Conclusion 101\n5.3 Future studies 101\n5.4 Limit of studies 101\nReferences 103\nAppendixes 110\nAppendix A: Codebook 111\nAppendix B: Code sheet 127\nAppendix C: Intercoder reliability test scores 120 zh_TW dc.format.extent 1694288 bytes - dc.format.mimetype application/pdf - dc.language.iso en_US - dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G1004510261 en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Benoit zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 形象修復策略 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 案例分析 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 危機管理 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 新加坡 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 新加坡大選 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) Benoit en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Image Restoration Theory en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Case Study en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Crisis management en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Singapore en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Singapore General Election en_US dc.title (題名) 人民行動黨在2011年新加坡大選的形象修復個案研究 zh_TW dc.title (題名) PAP’s Image Restoration for the 2011 Singapore General Elections: A Case Study en_US dc.type (資料類型) thesis en dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Adam , S. 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