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題名 變異數比率應用於成對資料之探討:以傾向分數配對為例
Balance diagnostics for comparing the variances of baseline covariates between treatment groups in propensity-score matched samples作者 施俞安 貢獻者 江振東
施俞安關鍵詞 傾向分數配對
平衡診斷
變異數比率日期 2013 上傳時間 12-Aug-2014 14:01:39 (UTC+8) 摘要 在觀察性研究中，實驗與對照兩組樣本通常無法如隨機控制試驗般，達到某種程度的平衡，傾向分數配對是一種常用解決方案。然而配對後資料是否確實達到平衡，關係到後續資料分析結果的真確性。本文中針對傾向分數配對方法之平衡診斷中，Rubin(2001)及Austin(2009)對於判斷變異數是否相同之建議進行更進一步的探討。透過理論證明及模擬驗證，分別計算這兩項建發生型一及型二誤差的機率大小，藉以判斷其可行性。結果顯示Austin(2009)的建議雖然是架構在二獨立常態母體的假設，但實務上應該是可行的。 參考文獻 Austin, P. C. (2009). Balance diagnostics for comparing the distribution of baseline covariates between treatment groups in propensity-score matched samples. Stat Med, 28(25), 3083-3107. doi: 10.1002/sim.3697Austin, P. C. (2011a). An Introduction to Propensity Score Methods for Reducing the Effects of Confounding in Observational Studies. Multivariate Behav Res, 46(3), 399-424. doi: 10.1080/00273171.2011.568786Austin, P. C. (2011b). Optimal caliper widths for propensity-score matching when estimating differences in means and differences in proportions in observational studies. Pharm Stat, 10(2), 150-161. doi: 10.1002/pst.433Conover, W. J. (1998). Practical Nonparametric Statistics: {John Wiley & Sons}.Finney, D. J. (1938). The Distribution of the Ratio of Estimates of the Two Variances in a Sample from a Normal Bi-Variate Population. Biometrika, 30(1/2), 190-192. doi: 10.2307/2332234Flury, B., Flury, H., & Riedwyl. (1986). Standard Distance in Univariate and Multivariate Analysis. The American statistician, 40(3), 249-251. Hoaglin, D. C. (1983). Understanding robust and exploratory data analysis.Normand, S.-L. T., Landrum, M. B., Guadagnoli, E., Ayanian, J. Z., Ryan, T. J., Cleary, P. D., & McNeil, B. J. (2001). Validating recommendations for coronary angiography following acute myocardial infarction in the elderly: a matched analysis using propensity scores. Journal of clinical epidemiology, 54(4), 387-398. Rosenbaum, P. R., & Rubin, D. B. (1983). The Central Role of the Propensity Score in Observational Studies for Causal Effects. Biometrika, 70(1), 41-55. doi: 10.2307/2335942Rubin, D. (2001). Using Propensity Scores to Help Design Observational Studies: Application to the Tobacco Litigation. Health Services and Outcomes Research Methodology, 2(3-4), 169-188. doi: 10.1023/A:1020363010465Seidel, S., Hartl, T., Weber, M., Matterey, S., Paul, A., Riederer, F., ... & Wöber, C. (2009). Quality of sleep, fatigue and daytime sleepiness in migraine a controlled study. Cephalalgia, 29(6), 662-669. 描述 碩士
國立政治大學
統計研究所
101354027
102資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0101354027 資料類型 thesis dc.contributor.advisor 江振東 zh_TW dc.contributor.author (Authors) 施俞安 zh_TW dc.creator (作者) 施俞安 zh_TW dc.date (日期) 2013 en_US dc.date.accessioned 12-Aug-2014 14:01:39 (UTC+8) - dc.date.available 12-Aug-2014 14:01:39 (UTC+8) - dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 12-Aug-2014 14:01:39 (UTC+8) - dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0101354027 en_US dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/68527 - dc.description (描述) 碩士 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 統計研究所 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 101354027 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 102 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) 在觀察性研究中，實驗與對照兩組樣本通常無法如隨機控制試驗般，達到某種程度的平衡，傾向分數配對是一種常用解決方案。然而配對後資料是否確實達到平衡，關係到後續資料分析結果的真確性。本文中針對傾向分數配對方法之平衡診斷中，Rubin(2001)及Austin(2009)對於判斷變異數是否相同之建議進行更進一步的探討。透過理論證明及模擬驗證，分別計算這兩項建發生型一及型二誤差的機率大小，藉以判斷其可行性。結果顯示Austin(2009)的建議雖然是架構在二獨立常態母體的假設，但實務上應該是可行的。 zh_TW dc.description.tableofcontents 第一章 緒論 1第二章 文獻探討 2第一節 二元常態分配之變異數比率 2第二節 傾向分數配對方法 3第三節 傾向分數之平衡診斷 4第四節 傾向分數配對法之處理效果估計 6第三章 研究方法 9第一節 研究動機 9第二節 非常態樣本資料生成 10第四章 二元常態分配及模擬分析結果 13第一節 二元常態之變異數比率分配函數結果 13第二節 非二元常態之變異數比率分配 28第三節、小結 40第五章 實證分析 41第一節 實證主題探討 41第二節 資料來源與變數說明 42第六章 結論與建議 52參考文獻 53附錄 55 zh_TW dc.format.extent 5649863 bytes - dc.format.mimetype application/pdf - dc.language.iso en_US - dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0101354027 en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) 傾向分數配對 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 平衡診斷 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 變異數比率 zh_TW dc.title (題名) 變異數比率應用於成對資料之探討:以傾向分數配對為例 zh_TW dc.title (題名) Balance diagnostics for comparing the variances of baseline covariates between treatment groups in propensity-score matched samples en_US dc.type (資料類型) thesis en dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Austin, P. C. (2009). Balance diagnostics for comparing the distribution of baseline covariates between treatment groups in propensity-score matched samples. Stat Med, 28(25), 3083-3107. doi: 10.1002/sim.3697Austin, P. C. (2011a). An Introduction to Propensity Score Methods for Reducing the Effects of Confounding in Observational Studies. Multivariate Behav Res, 46(3), 399-424. doi: 10.1080/00273171.2011.568786Austin, P. C. (2011b). Optimal caliper widths for propensity-score matching when estimating differences in means and differences in proportions in observational studies. Pharm Stat, 10(2), 150-161. doi: 10.1002/pst.433Conover, W. J. (1998). Practical Nonparametric Statistics: {John Wiley & Sons}.Finney, D. J. (1938). The Distribution of the Ratio of Estimates of the Two Variances in a Sample from a Normal Bi-Variate Population. Biometrika, 30(1/2), 190-192. doi: 10.2307/2332234Flury, B., Flury, H., & Riedwyl. (1986). Standard Distance in Univariate and Multivariate Analysis. The American statistician, 40(3), 249-251. Hoaglin, D. C. (1983). Understanding robust and exploratory data analysis.Normand, S.-L. T., Landrum, M. B., Guadagnoli, E., Ayanian, J. Z., Ryan, T. J., Cleary, P. D., & McNeil, B. J. (2001). Validating recommendations for coronary angiography following acute myocardial infarction in the elderly: a matched analysis using propensity scores. Journal of clinical epidemiology, 54(4), 387-398. Rosenbaum, P. R., & Rubin, D. B. (1983). The Central Role of the Propensity Score in Observational Studies for Causal Effects. Biometrika, 70(1), 41-55. doi: 10.2307/2335942Rubin, D. (2001). Using Propensity Scores to Help Design Observational Studies: Application to the Tobacco Litigation. Health Services and Outcomes Research Methodology, 2(3-4), 169-188. doi: 10.1023/A:1020363010465Seidel, S., Hartl, T., Weber, M., Matterey, S., Paul, A., Riederer, F., ... & Wöber, C. (2009). Quality of sleep, fatigue and daytime sleepiness in migraine a controlled study. Cephalalgia, 29(6), 662-669. zh_TW
