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| Title | 變異數比率應用於成對資料之探討:以傾向分數配對為例 Balance diagnostics for comparing the variances of baseline covariates between treatment groups in propensity-score matched samples |
| Creator | 施俞安 |
| Contributor | 江振東 施俞安 |
| Key Words | 傾向分數配對 平衡診斷 變異數比率 |
| Date | 2013 |
| Date Issued | 12-Aug-2014 14:01:39 (UTC+8) |
| Summary | 在觀察性研究中，實驗與對照兩組樣本通常無法如隨機控制試驗般，達到某種程度的平衡，傾向分數配對是一種常用解決方案。然而配對後資料是否確實達到平衡，關係到後續資料分析結果的真確性。本文中針對傾向分數配對方法之平衡診斷中，Rubin(2001)及Austin(2009)對於判斷變異數是否相同之建議進行更進一步的探討。透過理論證明及模擬驗證，分別計算這兩項建發生型一及型二誤差的機率大小，藉以判斷其可行性。結果顯示Austin(2009)的建議雖然是架構在二獨立常態母體的假設，但實務上應該是可行的。 |
| 參考文獻 | Austin, P. C. (2009). Balance diagnostics for comparing the distribution of baseline covariates between treatment groups in propensity-score matched samples. Stat Med, 28(25), 3083-3107. doi: 10.1002/sim.3697 Austin, P. C. (2011a). An Introduction to Propensity Score Methods for Reducing the Effects of Confounding in Observational Studies. Multivariate Behav Res, 46(3), 399-424. doi: 10.1080/00273171.2011.568786 Austin, P. C. (2011b). Optimal caliper widths for propensity-score matching when estimating differences in means and differences in proportions in observational studies. Pharm Stat, 10(2), 150-161. doi: 10.1002/pst.433 Conover, W. J. (1998). Practical Nonparametric Statistics: {John Wiley & Sons}. Finney, D. J. (1938). The Distribution of the Ratio of Estimates of the Two Variances in a Sample from a Normal Bi-Variate Population. Biometrika, 30(1/2), 190-192. doi: 10.2307/2332234 Flury, B., Flury, H., & Riedwyl. (1986). Standard Distance in Univariate and Multivariate Analysis. The American statistician, 40(3), 249-251. Hoaglin, D. C. (1983). Understanding robust and exploratory data analysis. Normand, S.-L. T., Landrum, M. B., Guadagnoli, E., Ayanian, J. Z., Ryan, T. J., Cleary, P. D., & McNeil, B. J. (2001). Validating recommendations for coronary angiography following acute myocardial infarction in the elderly: a matched analysis using propensity scores. Journal of clinical epidemiology, 54(4), 387-398. Rosenbaum, P. R., & Rubin, D. B. (1983). The Central Role of the Propensity Score in Observational Studies for Causal Effects. Biometrika, 70(1), 41-55. doi: 10.2307/2335942 Rubin, D. (2001). Using Propensity Scores to Help Design Observational Studies: Application to the Tobacco Litigation. Health Services and Outcomes Research Methodology, 2(3-4), 169-188. doi: 10.1023/A:1020363010465 Seidel, S., Hartl, T., Weber, M., Matterey, S., Paul, A., Riederer, F., ... & Wöber, C. (2009). Quality of sleep, fatigue and daytime sleepiness in migraine a controlled study. Cephalalgia, 29(6), 662-669. |
| Description | 碩士 國立政治大學 統計研究所 101354027 102 |
| 資料來源 | http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0101354027 |
| Type | thesis |
| dc.contributor.advisor | 江振東 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.author (Authors) | 施俞安 | zh_TW |
| dc.creator (作者) | 施俞安 | zh_TW |
| dc.date (日期) | 2013 | en_US |
| dc.date.accessioned | 12-Aug-2014 14:01:39 (UTC+8) | - |
| dc.date.available | 12-Aug-2014 14:01:39 (UTC+8) | - |
| dc.date.issued (上傳時間) | 12-Aug-2014 14:01:39 (UTC+8) | - |
| dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) | G0101354027 | en_US |
| dc.identifier.uri (URI) | http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/68527 | - |
| dc.description (描述) | 碩士 | zh_TW |
| dc.description (描述) | 國立政治大學 | zh_TW |
| dc.description (描述) | 統計研究所 | zh_TW |
| dc.description (描述) | 101354027 | zh_TW |
| dc.description (描述) | 102 | zh_TW |
| dc.description.abstract (摘要) | 在觀察性研究中，實驗與對照兩組樣本通常無法如隨機控制試驗般，達到某種程度的平衡，傾向分數配對是一種常用解決方案。然而配對後資料是否確實達到平衡，關係到後續資料分析結果的真確性。本文中針對傾向分數配對方法之平衡診斷中，Rubin(2001)及Austin(2009)對於判斷變異數是否相同之建議進行更進一步的探討。透過理論證明及模擬驗證，分別計算這兩項建發生型一及型二誤差的機率大小，藉以判斷其可行性。結果顯示Austin(2009)的建議雖然是架構在二獨立常態母體的假設，但實務上應該是可行的。 | zh_TW |
| dc.description.tableofcontents | 第一章 緒論 1 第二章 文獻探討 2 第一節 二元常態分配之變異數比率 2 第二節 傾向分數配對方法 3 第三節 傾向分數之平衡診斷 4 第四節 傾向分數配對法之處理效果估計 6 第三章 研究方法 9 第一節 研究動機 9 第二節 非常態樣本資料生成 10 第四章 二元常態分配及模擬分析結果 13 第一節 二元常態之變異數比率分配函數結果 13 第二節 非二元常態之變異數比率分配 28 第三節、小結 40 第五章 實證分析 41 第一節 實證主題探討 41 第二節 資料來源與變數說明 42 第六章 結論與建議 52 參考文獻 53 附錄 55 | zh_TW |
| dc.format.extent | 5649863 bytes | - |
| dc.format.mimetype | application/pdf | - |
| dc.language.iso | en_US | - |
| dc.source.uri (資料來源) | http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0101354027 | en_US |
| dc.subject (關鍵詞) | 傾向分數配對 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject (關鍵詞) | 平衡診斷 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject (關鍵詞) | 變異數比率 | zh_TW |
| dc.title (題名) | 變異數比率應用於成對資料之探討:以傾向分數配對為例 | zh_TW |
| dc.title (題名) | Balance diagnostics for comparing the variances of baseline covariates between treatment groups in propensity-score matched samples | en_US |
| dc.type (資料類型) | thesis | en |
| dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) | Austin, P. C. (2009). Balance diagnostics for comparing the distribution of baseline covariates between treatment groups in propensity-score matched samples. Stat Med, 28(25), 3083-3107. doi: 10.1002/sim.3697 Austin, P. C. (2011a). An Introduction to Propensity Score Methods for Reducing the Effects of Confounding in Observational Studies. Multivariate Behav Res, 46(3), 399-424. doi: 10.1080/00273171.2011.568786 Austin, P. C. (2011b). Optimal caliper widths for propensity-score matching when estimating differences in means and differences in proportions in observational studies. Pharm Stat, 10(2), 150-161. doi: 10.1002/pst.433 Conover, W. J. (1998). Practical Nonparametric Statistics: {John Wiley & Sons}. Finney, D. J. (1938). The Distribution of the Ratio of Estimates of the Two Variances in a Sample from a Normal Bi-Variate Population. Biometrika, 30(1/2), 190-192. doi: 10.2307/2332234 Flury, B., Flury, H., & Riedwyl. (1986). Standard Distance in Univariate and Multivariate Analysis. The American statistician, 40(3), 249-251. Hoaglin, D. C. (1983). Understanding robust and exploratory data analysis. Normand, S.-L. T., Landrum, M. B., Guadagnoli, E., Ayanian, J. Z., Ryan, T. J., Cleary, P. D., & McNeil, B. J. (2001). Validating recommendations for coronary angiography following acute myocardial infarction in the elderly: a matched analysis using propensity scores. Journal of clinical epidemiology, 54(4), 387-398. Rosenbaum, P. R., & Rubin, D. B. (1983). The Central Role of the Propensity Score in Observational Studies for Causal Effects. Biometrika, 70(1), 41-55. doi: 10.2307/2335942 Rubin, D. (2001). Using Propensity Scores to Help Design Observational Studies: Application to the Tobacco Litigation. Health Services and Outcomes Research Methodology, 2(3-4), 169-188. doi: 10.1023/A:1020363010465 Seidel, S., Hartl, T., Weber, M., Matterey, S., Paul, A., Riederer, F., ... & Wöber, C. (2009). Quality of sleep, fatigue and daytime sleepiness in migraine a controlled study. Cephalalgia, 29(6), 662-669. | zh_TW |