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題名 自覺企業的正向循環初探
The First Investigation of Conscious Corporation’s Positive Cycle
作者 楊佑銘
Yang, Yu Ming
貢獻者 管康彥
楊佑銘
Yang, Yu Ming
關鍵詞 自覺資本主義
Conscious Capitalism
日期 2014
上傳時間 1-Apr-2015 10:06:18 (UTC+8)
摘要 二十一世紀初發生了許多重大的金融弊案，除了美國政府修訂沙賓法案來設立防範制度與監督商業行為之外，產業、政府、學者也都開始探討現今普遍的商業思維是否需要改變。其中，影響商業思維甚深的資本主義也被從多個角度重新檢視。此研究採用文獻分析與個案分析，透過自覺資本主義的框架來檢視個案企業的組織特性與經營精神。自覺資本主義是一種具備研究基礎的綜合性商業思維，企業除了創造經濟、社會、環境價值之外，還必須致力於替多方創造人文精神價值。目前尚未有為自覺企業量身打造的評量機構，但是可以透過參考許多不同的評量機構，以不同的評量指標衡量企業的結果，來產生一個綜合評比，藉此發現有哪些企業符合自覺企業的條件並加以研究。因此本研究透過綜合財星（營業額評量）、最佳職場研究所（工作環境評量）、蓋洛普（員工工作涉入程度評量）、Glassdoor（內部員工自我評量）、Ethisphere（道德評量）等指標來篩選出三間符合自覺經營理念的企業，分別為：Google（谷歌）、Amazon（亞馬遜）以及Starbucks（星巴克）。
由於自覺企業涉及企業經營的所有面向，因此必須由組織的最高領導人所帶動。要啟動企業的正向循環是一個不斷進行的流程，企業必須先鞏固自己的核心能力，透過不斷與投資人、顧客、供應商、政府等多方利害關係人溝通，建立與教育自覺意識，成為一個產業的領導者，不斷地透過公司的活動擴大企業的影響力，並為多發利害關係人帶來利益。由於員工花費大量的時間與精力在企業內，所以企業領導人能透過企業宗旨、制度及文化，來影響員工的想法、動機和行為。擁有高涉入程度的員工，是啟動正向循環的第一步，企業應把所有利害關係人納入系統性的考量與價值創造中。但是，如果要產生正向循環，則企業必須執行與企業理念相符，以及與顧客理念相符的活動來連結多方利害關係人。自覺企業不著重於單一利害關係人，而是思考如何能讓所有利害關係人長期獲利。若是無法同時滿足短期績效以及長期價值時，應以長期價值為最終考量。
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2. Ariely, Dan. Predictably irrational. New York: HarperCollins, 2008.
3. Barton, Dominic. "Capitalism for the long term." Harvard Business Review 89.3 (2011): 84-91.
4. Beck, Don Edward, and Christopher C. Cowan. Spiral dynamics. Malden, MA: Blackwell Business, 1996.
5. Ben-Shahar, Tal. Happier: Learn the secrets to daily joy and lasting fulfillment. McGraw-Hill Companies, 2007.
6. Benston, George J., and Al L. Hartgraves. "Enron: what happened and what we can learn from it." Journal of Accounting and Public Policy 21.2 (2002): 105-127.
7. Berry, Michael A., and Dennis A. Rondinelli. "Proactive corporate environmental management: a new industrial revolution." The Academy of Management Executive 12.2 (1998): 38-50.
8. Cortada, James. Rise of the knowledge worker. Routledge, 2009.
9. Christensen, Clayton M., James Allworth, and Karen Dillon. How Will You Measure Your Life?. Harper Business, 2012.
10. Clikeman, Paul M. "Return of the Socially Conscious Corporation-Companies like Ford and Johnson & Johnson now report more than just financial results. They also report environmental, social, and economic performance." Strategic Finance 85.10 (2004): 22-27.
11. Csikszentmihalyi, Mihaly, and Mihaly Csikzentmihaly. Flow: The psychology of optimal experience. Vol. 41. New York: HarperPerennial, 1991.
12. De Quervain, Dominique J-F., et al. "The neural basis of altruistic punishment."Science (2004).
13. Eisenhardt, Kathleen M. "Building theories from case study research." Academy of management review 14.4 (1989): 532-550.
14. Elkington, John. "Cannibals with forks." The triple bottom line of 21st century(1997).
15. Elkington, John. "Enter the triple bottom line." The triple bottom line: Does it all add up (2004): 1-16.
16. Fredrickson, Barbara L. "The role of positive emotions in positive psychology: The broaden-and-build theory of positive emotions." American psychologist 56.3 (2001): 218.
17. Freeman, R. Edward. "Stakeholder management: framework and philosophy."Pitman, Mansfield, MA (1984).
18. Freeman, R. Edward, Andrew C. Wicks, and Bidhan Parmar. "Stakeholder theory and “the corporate objective revisited”." Organization science 15.3 (2004): 364-369.
19. Friedman, Milton. The Social Responsibility of Business is to Increase its Profits.The New York Times Magazine, September 13, 1970.
20. Friedman, Milton. The social responsibility of business is to increase its profits. springer berlin heidelberg, 2007.
21. Frooman, Jeff. "Socially Irresponsible and Illegal Behavior and Shareholder Wealth A Meta-Analysis of Event Studies." Business & Society 36.3 (1997): 221-249.
22. Fox, Loren. Enron: The rise and fall. John Wiley and Sons, 2003.
23. Friedman, Milton. Capitalism and freedom. University of Chicago press, 2009.
24. Gallup Consulting. 2013. Low workplace engagement offers opportunities to improve business outcomes. Washington, DC: Gallup Inc.
25. Gimenez, Cristina, Vicenta Sierra, and Juan Rodon. "Sustainable operations: Their impact on the triple bottom line." International Journal of Production Economics 140.1 (2012): 149-159.
26. Goleman, Daniel, Richard Boyatzis, and Annie McKee. Primal Leadership: Unleashing the Power of Emotional Intelligence. Harvard Business Press, 2013.
27. Greene, William A. "The Fallacy of Misplaced Concreteness." Psychosomatic medicine 30.6 (1968): 873-880.
28. Herzberg, Frederick I. "Work and the nature of man." (1966).
29. Hillman, Amy J., and Gerald D. Keim. "Shareholder value, stakeholder management, and social issues: what`s the bottom line?." Strategic management journal 22.2 (2001): 125-139.
30. Hsieh, Tony. Delivering happiness: A path to profits, passion, and purpose. Hachette Digital, Inc., 2010.
31. Hawken, P., Lovins, Amory B., L. and Hunter Lovins. "A road map for natural capitalism." (1999).
32. Inayatullah, Sohail. "Spirituality as the fourth bottom line?." Futures 37.6 (2005): 573-579.
33. Kahneman, Daniel, et al. "The structure of well-being in two cities: life satisfaction and experienced happiness in Columbus, Ohio; and Rennes, France." International differences in well-being (2010): 16-33.
34. Linley, P. Alex, and Stephen Joseph, eds. Positive psychology in practice. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley, 2004.
35. Machlup, Fritz. The production and distribution of knowledge in the United States. Vol. 278. Princeton university press, 1962.
36. Mackey, John, and Rajendra Sisodia. (品格致勝)Conscious Capitalism, With a New Preface by the Authors: Liberating the Heroic Spirit of Business. Harvard Business Review Press, 2014.
37. Maslow, Abraham Harold. "A theory of human motivation." Psychological review 50.4 (1943): 370.
38. Maslow, Abraham H. A theory of human motivation. Start Publishing LLC, 2013.
39. McLean, Bethany, and Peter Elkind. The smartest guys in the room: The amazing rise and scandalous fall of Enron. Penguin, 2013.
40. Oldenburg, Ray. The great good place: Cafés, coffee shops, community centers, beauty parlors, general stores, bars, hangouts, and how they get you through the day. New York: Paragon House, 1989.
41. Porter, Michael E., and Mark R. Kramer. "Creating shared value." Harvard business review 89.1/2 (2011): 62-77.
42. Rand, David G., et al. "Positive interactions promote public cooperation."Science 325.5945 (2009): 1272-1275.
43. Roberts, Gregory David. Shantaram. Hachette UK, 2012.
44. Roman, Ronald M., Sefa Hayibor, and Bradley R. Agle. "The Relationship Between Social and Financial Performance Repainting a Portrait." Business & Society 38.1 (1999): 109-125.
45. Romero, Eric J. "Are the great places to work also great performers?." The Academy of Management Executive 18.2 (2004): 150-152.
46. Schneider, Benjamin. "Welcome to the world of services management." The Academy of Management Executive 18.2 (2004): 144-150.
47. Schwarz, Steven L. "Enron and the Use and Abuse of Special Purpose Entities in Corporate Structures." U. Cin. L. Rev. 70 (2001): 1309.
48. Smith, Adam. The wealth of nations [1776]. na, 1937.
49. Sivanathan, Niro, et al. "Leading Well: Transformational Leadership and Well-Being." International Positive Psychology Summit, 2nd, Washington, DC, US; A version of this chapter was presented at the aforementioned conference.. John Wiley & Sons Inc, 2004.
50. Simon, Bryant. Everything but the coffee: Learning about America from Starbucks. Univ of California Press, 2009.
51. Sinek, Simon. Start with why: How great leaders inspire everyone to take action. Penguin, 2009.
52. Sisodia, Rajendra S., Jagdish N. Sheth, and David B. Wolfe. Firms of endearment: How world-class companies profit from passion and purpose. Pearson Education, 2014.
53. Stern, Nicholas, ed. The economics of climate change: the Stern review. cambridge University press, 2007.
54. Stringer, Leigh. The green workplace: Sustainable strategies that benefit employees, the environment, and the bottom line. Macmillan, 2010.
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56. Victor Lipman. Study Explores Drivers of Employee Engagement. www.forbes.com December 14,2012.
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描述 碩士
國立政治大學
企業管理研究所
101355064
103
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0101355064
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 管康彥zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 楊佑銘zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) Yang, Yu Mingen_US
dc.creator (作者) 楊佑銘zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) Yang, Yu Mingen_US
dc.date (日期) 2014en_US
dc.date.accessioned 1-Apr-2015 10:06:18 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 1-Apr-2015 10:06:18 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 1-Apr-2015 10:06:18 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0101355064en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/74266-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 企業管理研究所zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 101355064zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 103zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 二十一世紀初發生了許多重大的金融弊案，除了美國政府修訂沙賓法案來設立防範制度與監督商業行為之外，產業、政府、學者也都開始探討現今普遍的商業思維是否需要改變。其中，影響商業思維甚深的資本主義也被從多個角度重新檢視。此研究採用文獻分析與個案分析，透過自覺資本主義的框架來檢視個案企業的組織特性與經營精神。自覺資本主義是一種具備研究基礎的綜合性商業思維，企業除了創造經濟、社會、環境價值之外，還必須致力於替多方創造人文精神價值。目前尚未有為自覺企業量身打造的評量機構，但是可以透過參考許多不同的評量機構，以不同的評量指標衡量企業的結果，來產生一個綜合評比，藉此發現有哪些企業符合自覺企業的條件並加以研究。因此本研究透過綜合財星（營業額評量）、最佳職場研究所（工作環境評量）、蓋洛普（員工工作涉入程度評量）、Glassdoor（內部員工自我評量）、Ethisphere（道德評量）等指標來篩選出三間符合自覺經營理念的企業，分別為：Google（谷歌）、Amazon（亞馬遜）以及Starbucks（星巴克）。
由於自覺企業涉及企業經營的所有面向，因此必須由組織的最高領導人所帶動。要啟動企業的正向循環是一個不斷進行的流程，企業必須先鞏固自己的核心能力，透過不斷與投資人、顧客、供應商、政府等多方利害關係人溝通，建立與教育自覺意識，成為一個產業的領導者，不斷地透過公司的活動擴大企業的影響力，並為多發利害關係人帶來利益。由於員工花費大量的時間與精力在企業內，所以企業領導人能透過企業宗旨、制度及文化，來影響員工的想法、動機和行為。擁有高涉入程度的員工，是啟動正向循環的第一步，企業應把所有利害關係人納入系統性的考量與價值創造中。但是，如果要產生正向循環，則企業必須執行與企業理念相符，以及與顧客理念相符的活動來連結多方利害關係人。自覺企業不著重於單一利害關係人，而是思考如何能讓所有利害關係人長期獲利。若是無法同時滿足短期績效以及長期價值時，應以長期價值為最終考量。		zh_TW
dc.description.tableofcontents 摘 要 I
目錄 II
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 研究背景與動機 1
1.2 研究目的與問題 9
1.3 研究方法與對象 9
第二章 文獻探討 12
2.1 自覺資本主義的定義 12
2.2 自覺企業的四個必要條件 13
第三章 個案公司簡介與分析 30
3.1　Google 谷歌 30
3.2　Starbucks 星巴克 44
3.3　Amazon 亞馬遜 66
第四章 結論 82
4.1 研究發現 82
4.2 總結 85
文獻 88		zh_TW
dc.format.extent 1159969 bytes-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0101355064en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 自覺資本主義zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Conscious Capitalismen_US
dc.title (題名) 自覺企業的正向循環初探zh_TW
dc.title (題名) The First Investigation of Conscious Corporation’s Positive Cycleen_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 1. Achor, Shawn. The happiness advantage: The seven principles of positive psychology that fuel success and performance at work. Random House, 2011.
2. Ariely, Dan. Predictably irrational. New York: HarperCollins, 2008.
3. Barton, Dominic. "Capitalism for the long term." Harvard Business Review 89.3 (2011): 84-91.
4. Beck, Don Edward, and Christopher C. Cowan. Spiral dynamics. Malden, MA: Blackwell Business, 1996.
5. Ben-Shahar, Tal. Happier: Learn the secrets to daily joy and lasting fulfillment. McGraw-Hill Companies, 2007.
6. Benston, George J., and Al L. Hartgraves. "Enron: what happened and what we can learn from it." Journal of Accounting and Public Policy 21.2 (2002): 105-127.
7. Berry, Michael A., and Dennis A. Rondinelli. "Proactive corporate environmental management: a new industrial revolution." The Academy of Management Executive 12.2 (1998): 38-50.
8. Cortada, James. Rise of the knowledge worker. Routledge, 2009.
9. Christensen, Clayton M., James Allworth, and Karen Dillon. How Will You Measure Your Life?. Harper Business, 2012.
10. Clikeman, Paul M. "Return of the Socially Conscious Corporation-Companies like Ford and Johnson & Johnson now report more than just financial results. They also report environmental, social, and economic performance." Strategic Finance 85.10 (2004): 22-27.
11. Csikszentmihalyi, Mihaly, and Mihaly Csikzentmihaly. Flow: The psychology of optimal experience. Vol. 41. New York: HarperPerennial, 1991.
12. De Quervain, Dominique J-F., et al. "The neural basis of altruistic punishment."Science (2004).
13. Eisenhardt, Kathleen M. "Building theories from case study research." Academy of management review 14.4 (1989): 532-550.
14. Elkington, John. "Cannibals with forks." The triple bottom line of 21st century(1997).
15. Elkington, John. "Enter the triple bottom line." The triple bottom line: Does it all add up (2004): 1-16.
16. Fredrickson, Barbara L. "The role of positive emotions in positive psychology: The broaden-and-build theory of positive emotions." American psychologist 56.3 (2001): 218.
17. Freeman, R. Edward. "Stakeholder management: framework and philosophy."Pitman, Mansfield, MA (1984).
18. Freeman, R. Edward, Andrew C. Wicks, and Bidhan Parmar. "Stakeholder theory and “the corporate objective revisited”." Organization science 15.3 (2004): 364-369.
19. Friedman, Milton. The Social Responsibility of Business is to Increase its Profits.The New York Times Magazine, September 13, 1970.
20. Friedman, Milton. The social responsibility of business is to increase its profits. springer berlin heidelberg, 2007.
21. Frooman, Jeff. "Socially Irresponsible and Illegal Behavior and Shareholder Wealth A Meta-Analysis of Event Studies." Business & Society 36.3 (1997): 221-249.
22. Fox, Loren. Enron: The rise and fall. John Wiley and Sons, 2003.
23. Friedman, Milton. Capitalism and freedom. University of Chicago press, 2009.
24. Gallup Consulting. 2013. Low workplace engagement offers opportunities to improve business outcomes. Washington, DC: Gallup Inc.
25. Gimenez, Cristina, Vicenta Sierra, and Juan Rodon. "Sustainable operations: Their impact on the triple bottom line." International Journal of Production Economics 140.1 (2012): 149-159.
26. Goleman, Daniel, Richard Boyatzis, and Annie McKee. Primal Leadership: Unleashing the Power of Emotional Intelligence. Harvard Business Press, 2013.
27. Greene, William A. "The Fallacy of Misplaced Concreteness." Psychosomatic medicine 30.6 (1968): 873-880.
28. Herzberg, Frederick I. "Work and the nature of man." (1966).
29. Hillman, Amy J., and Gerald D. Keim. "Shareholder value, stakeholder management, and social issues: what`s the bottom line?." Strategic management journal 22.2 (2001): 125-139.
30. Hsieh, Tony. Delivering happiness: A path to profits, passion, and purpose. Hachette Digital, Inc., 2010.
31. Hawken, P., Lovins, Amory B., L. and Hunter Lovins. "A road map for natural capitalism." (1999).
32. Inayatullah, Sohail. "Spirituality as the fourth bottom line?." Futures 37.6 (2005): 573-579.
33. Kahneman, Daniel, et al. "The structure of well-being in two cities: life satisfaction and experienced happiness in Columbus, Ohio; and Rennes, France." International differences in well-being (2010): 16-33.
34. Linley, P. Alex, and Stephen Joseph, eds. Positive psychology in practice. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley, 2004.
35. Machlup, Fritz. The production and distribution of knowledge in the United States. Vol. 278. Princeton university press, 1962.
36. Mackey, John, and Rajendra Sisodia. (品格致勝)Conscious Capitalism, With a New Preface by the Authors: Liberating the Heroic Spirit of Business. Harvard Business Review Press, 2014.
37. Maslow, Abraham Harold. "A theory of human motivation." Psychological review 50.4 (1943): 370.
38. Maslow, Abraham H. A theory of human motivation. Start Publishing LLC, 2013.
39. McLean, Bethany, and Peter Elkind. The smartest guys in the room: The amazing rise and scandalous fall of Enron. Penguin, 2013.
40. Oldenburg, Ray. The great good place: Cafés, coffee shops, community centers, beauty parlors, general stores, bars, hangouts, and how they get you through the day. New York: Paragon House, 1989.
41. Porter, Michael E., and Mark R. Kramer. "Creating shared value." Harvard business review 89.1/2 (2011): 62-77.
42. Rand, David G., et al. "Positive interactions promote public cooperation."Science 325.5945 (2009): 1272-1275.
43. Roberts, Gregory David. Shantaram. Hachette UK, 2012.
44. Roman, Ronald M., Sefa Hayibor, and Bradley R. Agle. "The Relationship Between Social and Financial Performance Repainting a Portrait." Business & Society 38.1 (1999): 109-125.
45. Romero, Eric J. "Are the great places to work also great performers?." The Academy of Management Executive 18.2 (2004): 150-152.
46. Schneider, Benjamin. "Welcome to the world of services management." The Academy of Management Executive 18.2 (2004): 144-150.
47. Schwarz, Steven L. "Enron and the Use and Abuse of Special Purpose Entities in Corporate Structures." U. Cin. L. Rev. 70 (2001): 1309.
48. Smith, Adam. The wealth of nations [1776]. na, 1937.
49. Sivanathan, Niro, et al. "Leading Well: Transformational Leadership and Well-Being." International Positive Psychology Summit, 2nd, Washington, DC, US; A version of this chapter was presented at the aforementioned conference.. John Wiley & Sons Inc, 2004.
50. Simon, Bryant. Everything but the coffee: Learning about America from Starbucks. Univ of California Press, 2009.
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