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題名 初診斷乳癌患者益處發現、脆弱性感受與心理適應間關係之長期追蹤研究
A longitudinal study of the relationship between benefit-finding, vulnerability and psychological adjustment
作者 曹劍聲
貢獻者 許文耀
曹劍聲
關鍵詞 乳癌
益處發現
負向知覺
心理適應
階層線性模式
Breast cancer
benefit-finding
hierarchical linear modeling
vulnerability
日期 2015
上傳時間 27-Jul-2015 11:29:34 (UTC+8)
摘要 過去益處發現與心理適應之間關係的研究常常呈現不一致的結果。學者們建議在探討個體益處發現與心理適應間關係，需要同時加入個體經歷創傷所產生的負向知覺以及其他調節變項共同考量。其中，有一派學者認為負向知覺會遮蔽益處發現對心理適應的正向預測；而另一派學者則認為經歷創傷的個體需要同時經歷益處發現與負向知覺，才有助於心理適應。本研究之目的是為了檢驗上述兩派學者的說法，以迴歸統計探討初診斷乳癌患者益處發現、負向知覺以及交互作用對不同心理適應指標間的預測關係。

我們為台灣中部某醫學中心為初診斷乳癌患者進行了兩年的追蹤，分別在術後一週內（T1）、術後三個月（T2）、術後半年（T3）、術後一年（T4）以及術後兩年（T5）進行測量。最後完成五個時間點測量的研究參與者共280人。我們以可以測量個體內心理歷程變化的階層線性模式（Hierarchical Linear Modeling, HLM）發現，乳癌患者的益處發現可以預測正向情緒增加，負向知覺則可以預測個體焦慮與負向情緒的增加。而在憂鬱的預測上，益處發現與負向知覺的主要效果可以預測憂鬱的增加，但兩者間的交互作用則可以預測憂鬱的減少。後續的簡單斜率分析顯示，相較於中度與低度脆弱性感受，個體在經歷高脆弱性感受時，正向意義預測憂鬱程度下降的效果最好。除此之外，我們也發現婚姻狀態以及癌症期數是乳癌患者益處發現及負向知覺對心理適應的預測關係中重要的調節變項。

我們的研究結果顯示益處發現可能具有正向錯覺與真實成長兩個面向。益處發現可以為個體帶來正向適應，還需要個體對事件也同時知覺到負向結果。此外，我們也認為益處發現與負向知覺對於不同的心理適應指標（如憂鬱與焦慮）有不同形態的預測關係，可能來自益處發現影響這兩種症狀心理歷程的相異。
Aims: This study was designed to examine the relations between benefit-finding, vulnerability as well as their interaction term to psychological adjustments.

Methods: Participants were Taiwanese women underwent surgery for breast cancer. Measures of benefit-finding, vulnerability and psychological adjustment were assessed at one-week, three-month, six-month, one-year and two-year. Of the 358 women who were recruited, 280 completed all five measures and were included in the analyses. The data was analyzed with Hierarchical Linear Modeling (HLM).

Results: Our results showed benefit-finding was positively associated with positive affect, whereas vulnerability was associated with anxiety and negative affect. The interaction term between benefit-finding and vulnerability was significant in predicting depression. Simple slope analysis showed that benefit-finding had a stronger negative association with depression when vulnerability increased. Marital status as well as cancer stage were significant moderators in the prediction of benefit-finding and vulnerability to psychological adjustment.

Conclusions: Our research suggested the relationship between benefit-finding and vulnerability to psychological adjustment might vary by the indexes of well-being. The effect of benefit-finding in preventing psychopathology may be most important in the presence of high vulnerability.
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描述 碩士
國立政治大學
心理學研究所
100752022
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0100752022
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 許文耀zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 曹劍聲zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) 曹劍聲zh_TW
dc.date (日期) 2015en_US
dc.date.accessioned 27-Jul-2015 11:29:34 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 27-Jul-2015 11:29:34 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 27-Jul-2015 11:29:34 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0100752022en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/76907-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 心理學研究所zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 100752022zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 過去益處發現與心理適應之間關係的研究常常呈現不一致的結果。學者們建議在探討個體益處發現與心理適應間關係，需要同時加入個體經歷創傷所產生的負向知覺以及其他調節變項共同考量。其中，有一派學者認為負向知覺會遮蔽益處發現對心理適應的正向預測；而另一派學者則認為經歷創傷的個體需要同時經歷益處發現與負向知覺，才有助於心理適應。本研究之目的是為了檢驗上述兩派學者的說法，以迴歸統計探討初診斷乳癌患者益處發現、負向知覺以及交互作用對不同心理適應指標間的預測關係。

我們為台灣中部某醫學中心為初診斷乳癌患者進行了兩年的追蹤，分別在術後一週內（T1）、術後三個月（T2）、術後半年（T3）、術後一年（T4）以及術後兩年（T5）進行測量。最後完成五個時間點測量的研究參與者共280人。我們以可以測量個體內心理歷程變化的階層線性模式（Hierarchical Linear Modeling, HLM）發現，乳癌患者的益處發現可以預測正向情緒增加，負向知覺則可以預測個體焦慮與負向情緒的增加。而在憂鬱的預測上，益處發現與負向知覺的主要效果可以預測憂鬱的增加，但兩者間的交互作用則可以預測憂鬱的減少。後續的簡單斜率分析顯示，相較於中度與低度脆弱性感受，個體在經歷高脆弱性感受時，正向意義預測憂鬱程度下降的效果最好。除此之外，我們也發現婚姻狀態以及癌症期數是乳癌患者益處發現及負向知覺對心理適應的預測關係中重要的調節變項。

我們的研究結果顯示益處發現可能具有正向錯覺與真實成長兩個面向。益處發現可以為個體帶來正向適應，還需要個體對事件也同時知覺到負向結果。此外，我們也認為益處發現與負向知覺對於不同的心理適應指標（如憂鬱與焦慮）有不同形態的預測關係，可能來自益處發現影響這兩種症狀心理歷程的相異。		zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) Aims: This study was designed to examine the relations between benefit-finding, vulnerability as well as their interaction term to psychological adjustments.

Methods: Participants were Taiwanese women underwent surgery for breast cancer. Measures of benefit-finding, vulnerability and psychological adjustment were assessed at one-week, three-month, six-month, one-year and two-year. Of the 358 women who were recruited, 280 completed all five measures and were included in the analyses. The data was analyzed with Hierarchical Linear Modeling (HLM).

Results: Our results showed benefit-finding was positively associated with positive affect, whereas vulnerability was associated with anxiety and negative affect. The interaction term between benefit-finding and vulnerability was significant in predicting depression. Simple slope analysis showed that benefit-finding had a stronger negative association with depression when vulnerability increased. Marital status as well as cancer stage were significant moderators in the prediction of benefit-finding and vulnerability to psychological adjustment.

Conclusions: Our research suggested the relationship between benefit-finding and vulnerability to psychological adjustment might vary by the indexes of well-being. The effect of benefit-finding in preventing psychopathology may be most important in the presence of high vulnerability.		en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents 摘要i
Abstractii
表次v
圖次vii

第一章 緒論 1
第一節 引言 1
第二節 創傷與益處發現 3
第三節 益處發現與心理適應的關係不一致 5

第二章 文獻回顧與評述 6
第一節 益處發現相關的理論 6
第二節 益處發現的測量 11
第三節 益處發現與心理適應的實徵研究 16
第四節 對於益處發現與心理適應關係不一致的反思 25
第五節 研究概述與研究目的 32
第六節 研究問題 34

第三章 研究方法 35
第一節 研究參與者 35
第二節 研究設計與研究步驟 39
第三節 收案程序 40
第四節 測量工具 41
第五節 統計方法 48

第四章 研究結果 51
第一節 乳癌病患正向意義、脆弱性感受與各項心理適應指標之分佈情形 52
第二節 乳癌病患各研究變項之相關 53
第三節 正向意義、脆弱性感受及交互作用對心理適應指標之預測關係 57

第五章 討論 73
第一節 研究結果討論 73
第二節 研究貢獻 77
第三節 研究限制與建議 78
參考文獻 80
附錄 91		zh_TW
dc.format.extent 1393057 bytes-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0100752022en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 乳癌zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 益處發現zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 負向知覺zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 心理適應zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 階層線性模式zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Breast canceren_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) benefit-findingen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) hierarchical linear modelingen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) vulnerabilityen_US
dc.title (題名) 初診斷乳癌患者益處發現、脆弱性感受與心理適應間關係之長期追蹤研究zh_TW
dc.title (題名) A longitudinal study of the relationship between benefit-finding, vulnerability and psychological adjustmenten_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen
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