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題名 綠色新產品開發之智慧資本－國內某資訊電子企業之個案研究
The intellectual capital in development of green new product - a case study of an enterprise in information and electronics industry
作者 劉姵礽
貢獻者 王文英
劉姵礽
關鍵詞 綠色新產品開發
智慧資本
智慧資本管理制度
智慧資本內部報導
Green new product development
Intellectual capital
Intellectual capital management system
Intellectual capital internal reporting
日期 2015
上傳時間 3-Aug-2015 13:18:09 (UTC+8)
摘要 創新是企業競爭力的來源，擁有堅強的新產品開發能力是企業成功的關鍵。然而，隨著世界經濟發展的腳步不斷加快，環境品質遭到破壞，各界開始倡導綠色經濟，包括歐盟自2000年開始陸續發布的環保指令，表示企業生產的產品必須考量綠色－對環境友善是一個必要趨勢。而在今日的知識經濟時代，智慧資本的重要性漸漸取代原料、廠房等有形資產，成為企業創造的來源。
本研究採個案研究法，以國內某資訊電子企業為對象，探討綠色新產品開發之重要智慧資本及其管理、報導機制。研究結論如下:
一、個案公司綠色新產品開發之重要智慧資本包含九大因素構面。
二、個案公司研發部門與永續發展辦公室對於綠色新產品開發之重要智慧資本的看法一致。
三、個案公司對於綠色新產品開發之重要智慧資本均設有具體的管理制度以助蓄積。
四、個案公司目前尚未將重要智慧資本資訊彙總為一份完整的內部報導表，故本研究衡酌各報導形式之優缺點，設計了一份內部報導表，透過量化與非量化項目的揭露，供其更了解綠色新產品開發之重要智慧資本的發展情形。
Innovation is the source of corporate competitiveness, equipping with excellent new product developing ability is the key to success. With the accelerated development of the world economy, the environment quality continues to decrease. More and more people began to pay attention to environmental issues, advocating green economy. With the rise of international environmental regulations such as the three environmental directives issued by the EU, enterprises face more pressure to take green issues into the consideration of the products. And in the information age, the importance of intellectual capital exceeds the tangible assets to be the value driver of enterprises.
This study adopts case study method and is assisted with questionnaire survey analysis. This study takes one enterprise in the information and electronic industry as the object company to discuss what is the important intellectual capital of the green new product development and their management and internal reporting system. According to the result of case analysis, the research claims four conclusions in response to the research questions.

1. The case company considers 9 factors as important intellectual capital of the green new product development.
2. The R&D department and the Corporate Sustainability Office of the case company have consistent view of the important intellectual capital of the green new product development.
3. The case company has specific management system to help the important intellectual capital of the green new product development accumulate.
4. This study designs an internal intellectual capital reporting form to help the case company learn the development of the important intellectual capital of the green new product development.
參考文獻 一、中文部分
王文英與李佳玲，1996，我國資訊電子業之企業重要智慧資本－外部資訊使用者與內部人士之觀點，當代會計，第九卷，第一期：33-68。
吳思華、吳安妮、林宛瑩、彭火樹與王文英，2001，我國產業智慧資本先導性個案研究，財團法人資訊工業策進會分包學術機構研究計畫期末報告。
吳思華、賴鈺晶與顏如妙，2000，網際網路智慧資本衡量與發展措施研究，經濟部工業局軟體五年發展計畫。
高明瑞與黃義俊，2000，綠色管理與利害相關人關係之研究：台灣1000大製造業之實證分析，中山管理評論，8(3)：537~565。
莊子雯，2002，智慧資本衡量指標之研究―以我國IC設計產業為例，國立中央大學企業管理研究所碩士論文。
張倢妤，2006，歐盟三大指令問答集，看守台灣，第八卷，第三期：6-10。
國立政治大學商學院台灣智慧資本研究中心與財團法人資訊工業策進會資訊情報中心，2006，智慧資本管理，台北：華泰文化。
鄭丁旺、王文英與張清福，2007，我國企業應報導智慧資本項目之調查研究，會計研究月刊，第259期：106-121。
樓永堅、張愛華與楊朝旭，2005，分析及衡量指標之發展與測試：組織市場之觀點，智慧資本理論、政策與實務推廣四年計畫第二年度期末查核點報告，台灣智慧資本研究中心出版。
歐進士、黃士銘、董鋕清與周玲儀，2013，智慧資本衡量指標之研究：以無線射頻辨識系統廠商為例，商略學報，第五卷，第3期：169-185。

二、英文部分
Ambec, S., and P. Lanoie. 2008. Does it pay to be green? A systematic overview. Academy of Management Perspectives 23(November): 45-62.
Balachandra, R., K. Brockhoff, and A.W. Pearson. 1996. R&D project termination decisions: processes, communication, and personnel changes. Journal of Product Innovation Management 13: 245–256.
Balbontin, A., B.Yazdani, R. Cooper, and W.E. Souder. 1999. New product development success factors in American and British firms. International Journal of Technology Management 17: 259–279.
Baumol, W. J., and W. E. Oates. 1988. The Theory of Environmental Policy. 2nd ed. Cambridge University Press.
Brooking, A. 1996. Intellectual Capital. London: International Thomason Business Press.
Chen, C.L. 2001. Design for the environment: A quality-based model for green product development. Management Science 47(February): 250-263.
Chen, J., Z. Zhu, and H. Y. Xie. 2004. Measuring intellectual capital: A new model and empirical study. Journal of Intellectual Capital 5 (1): 195-212.
Christmann, P. 2000. Effects of best practices of environmental management on cost advantage: the role of complementary assets. Academy of Management Journal 43(August): 663-680.
Clark, K. B., and S. C. Wheelwright. 1992. Revolutionizing Product Development: Quantum Leaps in Speed, Efficiency, and Quality. The Free Press.
Cooper, R.G., and E.J. Kleinschmidt. 1995a. Benchmarking the firm’s critical success factors in new product development. Journal of Product Innovation Management 12(November): 374–391.
Cooper, R.G., and E.J. Kleinschmidt. 1995b. Performance typologies of new product projects. Industrial Marketing Management 24: 439–456.
Cooper, R.G., and E.J. Kleinschmidt. 1996. Winning businesses in product development. the critical success factors. Research Technology Management 39: 18–29.
Dangelico, R.M., and D.Pujari. 2010. Mainstreaming green product innovation: Why & how companies integrate environmental sustainability. Journal of Business Ethics 95: 471–486.
Denison, D. R., S. L. Hart, and J. A. Kahn. 1996. From chimneys to cross-functional teams: Developing and validating a diagnostic model. Academy of Management Journal 39(4): 1005–1023.
Dwyer, R. J. 2009. Keen to be green organizations: A focused rules approach to accountability. Management Decision 47: 1200-1216.
Edvinsson, L., and M. Malone. 1997. Intellectual Capital: Realizing Your Company’s True Value by Finding its Hidden Brainpower. New York: Harper Collins Publishers Inc.
Edvinsson, L., and P. Sullivan. 1996. Developing a model for managing intellectual capital. European Management Journal 14(4): 356-364.
Ernst, H. 2002. Success factors of new product development: A review of the empirical literature. International Journal of Management Review 4(1): 1-40
Galbraith, J. K. 1969. The New Industrial State. Harmondsworth: Penguin.
Gonza´lez-Benito, J., and O. Gonza´lez-Benito. 2006. A review of determinant factors of environmental proactivity. Business Strategy and the Environment 15(March-April): 87-102.
Griffin, A. 1997. PDMA research on new product development practices: Updating trends and benchmarking best practices. Journal of Product Innovation Management 14: 429–458.
Haden, S. S. P., J. D. Oyler, and J. H. Humphreys. 2009. Historical, practical, and theoretical perspectives on green management: an exploratory analysis. Management Decision 47: 1041-1055.
Hair, J. F. Jr., W. C. Black, B. J. Babin, R. E. Anderson, and R. L. Tatham. 2006. Multivariate Data Analysis. 6th ed. New Jersey: Pearson Prentice Hall.
Hart, S. L. 1995. A natural-resource-based view of the firm. Academy of Management Journal 20(October): 986-1014.
Hart, S. L. 2005. Innovation, creative destruction and sustainability. Research Technology Management 48(September-October): 21-27.
Holahan, P. J., and S. K. Markham. 1996. Factors affecting multifunctional team effectiveness. In The PDMA Handbook of New Product development, edited by M. D. Rosenau, A. Griffin, G. A. Castellion, and N. F. Anschuetz. New York: John Wiley & Sons: 455-461.
Holland, S., K. Gaston, and J. Gomes. 2000. Critical success factors for cross-functional teamwork in new product development. International Journal of Management Reviews 2(3): 231-259.
Hsu, Y. H., and W. Fang. 2009. Intellectual capital and new product development performance: The mediating role of organizational learning capability. Technological Forecasting and Social Change 76(5): 664–677.
Huang, Y. C. 2005. An empirical test of the relationship of environmental management and stakeholders: A study of manufactures in Taiwan. Asian Pacific Management Review 10: 5-16.
Huang, Y. C., and Y. C. J. Wu. 2010. The effects of organizational factors on green new product success: Evidence from high-tech industries in Taiwan. Management Decision 48(10): 1539-1567
Ilinitch, A. Y., N. S. Soderstrom, and T. E. Thomas. 1998. Measuring corporate environmental performance. Journal of Accounting and Public Policy 17: 383-408.
Johansson, G. 2002.Success factors for integration of eco-design in product development. Environmental Management and Health 13 (1): 98-107.
Johnson, W. H. A. 1999. An integrative taxonomy of intellectual capital: Measuring the stock and flow of intellectual capital components in the firm. International Journal of Technology Management 18 (5-8): 562-575.
Kim, B.Y., and B.K. Kang. 2008. Cross-functional cooperation with design teams in new product development. International Journal of Design 2(3):43-54.
Klassen, R. D., and D. C. Whybark. 1999. The impact of environmental technologies on manufacturing performance. Academy of Management Journal 42(December): 599-615.
Lawson, B., K. J. Petersen, P. D. Cousins, and R. B. Handfield. 2009. Knowledge sharing in interorganizational product development teams: The effect of formal and informal socialization mechanisms. Journal of Product Innovation Management 26(March): 156-172.
Lee, K. H. 2009. Why and how to adopt green management into business organization? : The case study of Korean SMEs in manufacturing industry. Management Decision 47: 1101-1121.
Lim, L. L. K., and P. Dallimore. 2004. Intellectual capital: Management attitudes in service industries. Jounral of Intellctual Capital 5(1): 181-194.
Loch, C., L. Stein, and C. Terwiesch. 1996. Measuring development performance in the electronics industry. Journal of Product Innovation Management 13(January): 3-20.
Mavrinac, S., and T. Siesfeld. 1998. Measures that matter: An exploratory investigation of investor’s information needs and value priorities. Paper presented at OECD Symposium on Measuring Intangible Investment, Amsterdam.
Palmer, K., W. E. Oates, and P. R. Portney. 1995. Tightening environmental standards: The benefit-cost or the no-cost paradigm? Journal of Economic Perspectives 9 (November): 119-132.
Peng, Y. S., and S. S. Lin. 2008. Local responsiveness pressure, subsidiary resources, green management adoption and subsidiary’s performance: Evidence from Taiwanese manufactures. Journal of Business Ethics 79: 199-212.
Petrash, G. 1996. Dow’s journey to a knowledge value management culture. European Management Journal 14(4): 365-373.
Porter, M. E., and C. van der Linde. 1995. Green and competitive. Harvard Business Review 73(September-October): 20-34.
Pujari, D. 2004. Eco-innovation and new product development: Understanding the influences on market performance. Technovation 26(1): 1–10.
Pujari,D., G. Wright, K. Peattie.2003. Green and competitive Influences on environmental new product development performance. Journal of Business Research 56: 657 – 671.
Rauniar, R., W. Doll, G. Rawski, and P. Hong. 2008. The role of heavyweight product manager in new product development. International Journal of Operations & Production Management 28(2): 130-154.
Russo, M. V., and P. A. Fouts. 1997. A resource-based perspective on corporate environmental performance and profitability. Academy of Management Journal 40(June): 534-559.
Song, M., T. Kawakami, and A. Stringfellow. 2010. A cross-national comparative study of senior management policy, marketing-manufacturing involvement, and innovation performance. Journal of Product Innovation Management 27(March): 179-200.
Song, X. M., M. M. Montoya-Weiss, and J. B. Schmidt. 1997. Antecedents and consequences of cross-functional cooperation. Journal of Product Innovation Management 14(January): 35–47.
Song, X.M., and M.E. Parry. 1997. A cross-national comparative study of new product development processes: Japan and the United States. Journal of Marketing 61: 1–18.
Stewart, T. A. 1997. Intellectual Capital: The New Wealth of Organizations. New York: Bantam Doubleday Dell Publishing Group, Inc.
Sveiby, K. E. 1997. The New Organisational Wealth. San Francisco: Berett-Koehler.
Tzokas, N., E. J. Hultink, and S. Hart. 2004. Navigating the new product development process. Industrial Marketing Management 33(7): 619-626
Ulrich, D.1998. Intellectual capital= competence × commitment. Sloan Management Review 39(2): 15-26.
Walley, N., and B. Whitehead. 1994. It’s not easy being green. Harvard Business Review 73(May-June): 46-52.
Yin, R. K. 1994. Case Study Research: Design and Methods. 2nd ed. Sage Publications.
Zutshi, A., and A. S. Sohal. 2004. Adoption and maintenance of environmental management systems: Critical success factors. Management of Environmental Quality: An International Journal 15 (4): 399-419.

三、其他資料
個案公司網站
個案公司2014年年報
個案公司2014年企業社會責任報告書
描述 碩士
國立政治大學
會計研究所
102353026
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0102353026
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 王文英zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 劉姵礽zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) 劉姵礽zh_TW
dc.date (日期) 2015en_US
dc.date.accessioned 3-Aug-2015 13:18:09 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 3-Aug-2015 13:18:09 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 3-Aug-2015 13:18:09 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0102353026en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/77159-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 會計研究所zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 102353026zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 創新是企業競爭力的來源，擁有堅強的新產品開發能力是企業成功的關鍵。然而，隨著世界經濟發展的腳步不斷加快，環境品質遭到破壞，各界開始倡導綠色經濟，包括歐盟自2000年開始陸續發布的環保指令，表示企業生產的產品必須考量綠色－對環境友善是一個必要趨勢。而在今日的知識經濟時代，智慧資本的重要性漸漸取代原料、廠房等有形資產，成為企業創造的來源。
本研究採個案研究法，以國內某資訊電子企業為對象，探討綠色新產品開發之重要智慧資本及其管理、報導機制。研究結論如下:
一、個案公司綠色新產品開發之重要智慧資本包含九大因素構面。
二、個案公司研發部門與永續發展辦公室對於綠色新產品開發之重要智慧資本的看法一致。
三、個案公司對於綠色新產品開發之重要智慧資本均設有具體的管理制度以助蓄積。
四、個案公司目前尚未將重要智慧資本資訊彙總為一份完整的內部報導表，故本研究衡酌各報導形式之優缺點，設計了一份內部報導表，透過量化與非量化項目的揭露，供其更了解綠色新產品開發之重要智慧資本的發展情形。		zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) Innovation is the source of corporate competitiveness, equipping with excellent new product developing ability is the key to success. With the accelerated development of the world economy, the environment quality continues to decrease. More and more people began to pay attention to environmental issues, advocating green economy. With the rise of international environmental regulations such as the three environmental directives issued by the EU, enterprises face more pressure to take green issues into the consideration of the products. And in the information age, the importance of intellectual capital exceeds the tangible assets to be the value driver of enterprises.
This study adopts case study method and is assisted with questionnaire survey analysis. This study takes one enterprise in the information and electronic industry as the object company to discuss what is the important intellectual capital of the green new product development and their management and internal reporting system. According to the result of case analysis, the research claims four conclusions in response to the research questions.

1. The case company considers 9 factors as important intellectual capital of the green new product development.
2. The R&D department and the Corporate Sustainability Office of the case company have consistent view of the important intellectual capital of the green new product development.
3. The case company has specific management system to help the important intellectual capital of the green new product development accumulate.
4. This study designs an internal intellectual capital reporting form to help the case company learn the development of the important intellectual capital of the green new product development.		en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents 圖目錄 ⅱ
表目錄 ⅲ

第一章　緒論 1
第一節　研究背景與動機 1
第二節　研究目的與問題 2
第三節　論文架構與研究流程 3
第二章　文獻探討 5
第一節　與綠色新產品開發相關之文獻探討 5
第二節　與智慧資本相關之文獻探討 12
第三節　綠色新產品開發與智慧資本－問卷初稿之擬定 18
第三章　研究設計 25
第一節　觀念性架構 25
第二節　研究方法 26
第三節　研究對象 27
第四節 資料蒐集與分析方法 28
第四章　個案公司概況與問卷定稿 29
第一節　個案公司概況介紹 29
第二節　問卷定稿 32
第五章　個案分析 41
第一節　綠色新產品開發之重要智慧資本 41
第二節　綠色新產品開發重要智慧資本之管理制度 58
第三節　綠色新產品開發重要智慧資本之內部報導 72
第六章　結論與建議 75
第一節　研究結論 75
第二節　研究建議 76
第三節　研究限制 77
參考文獻 78
附錄 研究問卷 84		zh_TW
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0102353026en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 綠色新產品開發zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 智慧資本zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 智慧資本管理制度zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 智慧資本內部報導zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Green new product developmenten_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Intellectual capitalen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Intellectual capital management systemen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Intellectual capital internal reportingen_US
dc.title (題名) 綠色新產品開發之智慧資本－國內某資訊電子企業之個案研究zh_TW
dc.title (題名) The intellectual capital in development of green new product - a case study of an enterprise in information and electronics industryen_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 一、中文部分
王文英與李佳玲，1996，我國資訊電子業之企業重要智慧資本－外部資訊使用者與內部人士之觀點，當代會計，第九卷，第一期：33-68。
吳思華、吳安妮、林宛瑩、彭火樹與王文英，2001，我國產業智慧資本先導性個案研究，財團法人資訊工業策進會分包學術機構研究計畫期末報告。
吳思華、賴鈺晶與顏如妙，2000，網際網路智慧資本衡量與發展措施研究，經濟部工業局軟體五年發展計畫。
高明瑞與黃義俊，2000，綠色管理與利害相關人關係之研究：台灣1000大製造業之實證分析，中山管理評論，8(3)：537~565。
莊子雯，2002，智慧資本衡量指標之研究―以我國IC設計產業為例，國立中央大學企業管理研究所碩士論文。
張倢妤，2006，歐盟三大指令問答集，看守台灣，第八卷，第三期：6-10。
國立政治大學商學院台灣智慧資本研究中心與財團法人資訊工業策進會資訊情報中心，2006，智慧資本管理，台北：華泰文化。
鄭丁旺、王文英與張清福，2007，我國企業應報導智慧資本項目之調查研究，會計研究月刊，第259期：106-121。
樓永堅、張愛華與楊朝旭，2005，分析及衡量指標之發展與測試：組織市場之觀點，智慧資本理論、政策與實務推廣四年計畫第二年度期末查核點報告，台灣智慧資本研究中心出版。
歐進士、黃士銘、董鋕清與周玲儀，2013，智慧資本衡量指標之研究：以無線射頻辨識系統廠商為例，商略學報，第五卷，第3期：169-185。

二、英文部分
Ambec, S., and P. Lanoie. 2008. Does it pay to be green? A systematic overview. Academy of Management Perspectives 23(November): 45-62.
Balachandra, R., K. Brockhoff, and A.W. Pearson. 1996. R&D project termination decisions: processes, communication, and personnel changes. Journal of Product Innovation Management 13: 245–256.
Balbontin, A., B.Yazdani, R. Cooper, and W.E. Souder. 1999. New product development success factors in American and British firms. International Journal of Technology Management 17: 259–279.
Baumol, W. J., and W. E. Oates. 1988. The Theory of Environmental Policy. 2nd ed. Cambridge University Press.
Brooking, A. 1996. Intellectual Capital. London: International Thomason Business Press.
Chen, C.L. 2001. Design for the environment: A quality-based model for green product development. Management Science 47(February): 250-263.
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