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題名 跨文化危機之新聞框架分析： 比較台灣與菲律賓報紙對於「廣大興28號」事件之報導
Framing Cross-Cultural Crisis: A Comparative Analysis of Coverage of the Guang Da Hsing No. 28 Incident in Taiwanese and Philippine Newspapers作者 黃真媚
Moreno, Marvee Gail Huedem貢獻者 鄭怡卉
Cheng, I Huei
黃真媚
Marvee Gail Huedem Moreno關鍵詞 廣大興28號
台灣
菲律賓
報紙
新聞框架分析
Guang Da Hsing
Framing
Content Analysis
Taiwan
Philippines
Newspapers日期 2015 上傳時間 24-Aug-2015 09:56:24 (UTC+8) 摘要 Framing research over the years has led to remarkable findings about how the media is able to influence public perception about certain issues or events. Framing analysis of international conflict is commonplace, yet only a few deal specifically with direct conflict between countries over a single incident. The current study conducted a comparative framing analysis on news reports of a single incident as covered by each country’s media. The incident in this case is the Guang Da Hsing shooting that occurred between Taiwan and the Philippines in May 2013. A content analysis of two newspapers from Taiwan and three from the Philippines was conducted to identify the frames that appeared in the text. Additionally, the incident was also examined from a cultural and crisis communication perspective, exploring themes of cultural difference, “othering”, attributions of responsibility, and crisis response strategies. 參考文獻 Abbe, O., Goodliffe, J., Herrnson, P., & Patterson, K. (2003). Agenda setting in congressional elections: The impact of issues and campaigns on voting behavior. Political Research Quarterly, 56(4), 419-430.Abrahamian, E. (2003). The US Media, Huntington and September 11. Third World Quarterly, 24(3), 529-544.Agence France-Presse. (2013, August 08). Taiwan removes sanctions against ph after apology . Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved from http://globalnation.inquirer.net/82797/taiwan-removes-sanction-against-ph-after-apologyAn, S. K., & Gower, K. (2009). How do the news media frame crises? A content analysis of crisis news coverage. Public Relations Review, 35, 107-112. Bailey, O., & Harindranath, R. (2005). Racialized `Othering` - The Representation of Asylum Seekers in News Media (1st ed., pp. 274-286). Maidenhead, England: Open University Press.Baistow, T. (1985). Fourth-rate estate: an anatomy of Fleet Street. Comedia London, (28).Behr, R., & Iyengar, S. (1985). Television News, Real-World Cues, and Changes in the Public Agenda. Public Opinion Quarterly, 49(1), 38. Blumler, J., & Gurevitch, M. (1981). Politicians and the Press: an essay on role relationship. In K. Sanders & D. Nimmo, Handbook of Political Communication (1st ed., pp. 467-493). Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.Bosman, J., & d`Haenens, L. (2008). News reporting on Pim Fortuyn: Framing in two Dutch newspapers. Media, Culture & Society, 30(5), 735--748.Bryant, J., & Miron, D. (2004). Theory and research in mass communication. Journal of Communication, 54(4), 662-704.Chinapost.com.tw,. (n.d.). About The China Post. Retrieved 27 May 2014, from http://www.chinapost.com.tw/cp/thechinapost/Cho, S. H., & Gower, K. (2006). Framing effect on the public’s response to crisis: Human interest frame and crisis type influencing responsibility and blame. Public Relations Review, 32, 420-422. Clarke, S. (2008). Culture and Identity. In T. Bennett & J. Frow, The SAGE Handbook of Cultural Analysis (1st ed., pp. 510-529).CNA. (2013, June 5). Filipino workers feel powerless in Taiwan-Philippine dispute. The China Post. Retrieved June 1, 2014, from http://www.chinapost.com.tw/business/asia/philippines/2013/06/05/380435/Filipino-workers.htmCohen, B. (1963). The Press and Foreign Policy (1st ed.). Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press.Coombs, W., & Holladay, S. (2012). The Handbook of Crisis Communication (1st ed.). Chichester, U.K.: Wiley-Blackwell.Coombs, W. T. (1998). An analytic framework for crisis situations: Better responses from a better understanding of the situation. Journal of Public Relations Research, 10, 177–192. Coombs, W. (2004). Impact of past crises on current crisis communication insights from Situational Crisis Communication Theory. Journal of Business Communication, 41(3), 265--289.Coombs, W. (2007). Protecting organization reputations during a crisis: The development and application of situational crisis communication theory. Corporate Reputation Review, 10(3), 163-176.Dalton, R., Beck, P., & Huckfeldt, R. (1998). Partisan cues and the media: Information flows in the 1992 presidential election. American Political Science Review, 111-126.De Vreese, C. (2005). News framing: Theory and typology. Information Design Journal & Document Design, 13(1), 51-62.Diez, T. (2004). Europe`s others and the return of geopolitics. Cambridge Review Of International Affairs, 17(2), 319-335.Dirikx, A., & Gelders, D. (2010). To frame is to explain: A deductive frame-analysis of Dutch and French climate change coverage during the annual UN Conferences of the Parties. Public Understanding Of Science, 19(6), 732-742. Druckman, J. (2010). Foreword. In P. D`Angelo & J. Kuypers, Doing News Framing Analysis: Empirical and Theoretical Perspectives (1st ed.). New York: Routledge.Duszak, A. (2002). Us and Others (1st ed.). Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing.Entman, R. (1993). Framing: Toward clarification of a fractured paradigm. Journal Of Communication, 43(4), 51-58.Entman, R. (2003). Cascading Activation: Contesting the White House`s Frame After 9/11. Political Communication, 20(4), 415-432. Entman, R. (2005). Foreword. In K. Callaghan & F. Schnell, In Framing American Politics (1st ed.). Pittsburgh, PA: Pittsburgh University Press.Executive Yuan, Office of Information Services. (2012). Republic of China Yearbook 2012. Retrieved from website: http://www.ey.gov.tw/en/cp.aspx?n=8B37A56E6E2B7316Fahmy, S., Cho, S., Wanta, W., & Song, Y. (2006). Visual agenda-setting after 9/11: individuals` emotions, image recall, and concern with terrorism. Visual Communication Quarterly, 13(1), 4-15. Friedland, L., & Mengbai, Z. (1996). International Television coverage of Beijing Spring 1989 (1st ed.). Columbia, SC: Association for Education in Journalism and Mass Communication.Gamson, W., Croteau, D., Hoynes, W., & Sasson, T. (1992). Media images and the social construction of reality. Annual Review of Sociology, 18(1), 373-393.Gandy, O. (1982). Beyond Agenda Setting (1st ed.). Norwood, N.J.: Ablex Pub. Co.Gans, H. (1979). Deciding What`s News (1st ed.). New York: Pantheon Books.Giongco, M. (2013, May 27). Gilas `un-invited` to Jones Cup says Cho Reyes. Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved September 3, 2014, from http://sports.inquirer.net/101893/gilas-un-invited-to-jones-cup-says-chot-reyesHutcheson, J., Domke, D., Billeaudeaux, A., & Garl,. (2004). US national identity, political elites, and a patriotic press following September 11. Political Communication, 21(1), 27-50.Ibrahim, D. (2010). The framing of Islam on network news following the September 11th attacks. International Communication Gazette, 72(1), 111-125.Iyengar, S., & Kinder, D. (1987). News that Matters: Agenda-setting and Priming in a Television Age (1st ed.). Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Iyengar, S. (1987). Television news and citizens` explanations of national affairs. The American Political Science Review, 81(3), 815-832. Johnson-Cartee, K. (2005). News Narratives and News Framing (1st ed.). Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers.Kinder, D., & Kam, C. (2009). Us against them: Ethnocentric formations of American opinion. (pp. 31-41)Kinder, D., & Sanders, L. (1990). Mimicking political debate with survey questions: The case of white opinion on affirmative action for blacks. Social Cognition, 8(1), 73-103.King, P. (n.d.). The Press, Candidate Images, and Voter Perceptions`. In M. McCombs, D. Shaw & D. Weaver, Communication and Democracy (1st ed., pp. 29-40). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.Kiousis, S., & McCombs, M. (2004). Agenda-Setting Effects and Attitude Strength: Political Figures during the 1996 Presidential Election. Communication Research, 31(1), 36-57. doi:10.1177/0093650203260205Lippmann, W. (1922). Public Opinion (1st ed.). New York: Harcourt, Brace and Co.Malle, B. (2011). Attribution Theories: How People Make Sense of Behavior. In D. Chadee, Theories in Social Psychology (1st ed., pp. 72-95). Wiley-Blackwell.Matsaganis, M. (2005). The limits of selectivity as a recipe for welfare reform: the case of Greece. Journal Of Social Policy, 34(2), 235-253.McChesney, R. (2011). September 11 and the structural limitations of US journalism. In B. Zelizer & S. Allan, Journalism After September 11 (2nd ed., pp. 104-112). Routledge.McCombs, M., & Ghanem, S. (2001). The convergence of agenda-setting and framing. In S. Reese, O. Grady, Jr. & A. Grant, Framing Public Life: Perspectives on Media and Our Understanding of the Social World (1st ed., pp. 67-82). Routledge.McCombs, M., & Shaw, D. (1972). The agenda-setting function of mass media. Public Opinion Quarterly, 36(2), 176-187.McCombs, M. (2004). Setting the Agenda (1st ed.). Cambridge, UK: Polity.Miller, T. (2006). US Journalism: Servant of the nation, scourge of the truth?. In B. Cole, Conflict, Terrorism, and the Media in Asia (1st ed., pp. 5-22). Routledge.Mo, Y. (2013, May 12). Death on the High Seas: Ma issues ultimatum over fisherman’s death. Taipei Times. Retrieved August 5, 2014, from http://www.taipeitimes.com/News/front/archives/2013/05/12/2003562050Nelson, T., Clawson, R., & Oxley, Z. (1997). Media framing of a civil liberties conflict and its effect on tolerance. American Political Science Review, 567-583.Nossek, H. (2004). Our News and their News: The Role of National Identity in the Coverage of Foreign News. Journalism, 5(3), 343-368. PDI keeps big lead in newspaper readership. (2013). 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國立政治大學
國際傳播英語碩士學位學程(IMICS)
101461013資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0101461013 資料類型 thesis dc.contributor.advisor 鄭怡卉 zh_TW dc.contributor.advisor Cheng, I Huei en_US dc.contributor.author (Authors) 黃真媚 zh_TW dc.contributor.author (Authors) Marvee Gail Huedem Moreno en_US dc.creator (作者) 黃真媚 zh_TW dc.creator (作者) Moreno, Marvee Gail Huedem en_US dc.date (日期) 2015 en_US dc.date.accessioned 24-Aug-2015 09:56:24 (UTC+8) - dc.date.available 24-Aug-2015 09:56:24 (UTC+8) - dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 24-Aug-2015 09:56:24 (UTC+8) - dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0101461013 en_US dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/77870 - dc.description (描述) 碩士 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 國際傳播英語碩士學位學程(IMICS) zh_TW dc.description (描述) 101461013 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) Framing research over the years has led to remarkable findings about how the media is able to influence public perception about certain issues or events. Framing analysis of international conflict is commonplace, yet only a few deal specifically with direct conflict between countries over a single incident. The current study conducted a comparative framing analysis on news reports of a single incident as covered by each country’s media. The incident in this case is the Guang Da Hsing shooting that occurred between Taiwan and the Philippines in May 2013. A content analysis of two newspapers from Taiwan and three from the Philippines was conducted to identify the frames that appeared in the text. Additionally, the incident was also examined from a cultural and crisis communication perspective, exploring themes of cultural difference, “othering”, attributions of responsibility, and crisis response strategies. en_US dc.description.tableofcontents Title Page………………………………………………………………………………………..1Acknowledgements……………………………………………………………………………2Abstract………………………………………………………………………………………….3Table of Contents……………………………………………………………………………...4Chapter One…………………………………………………………………………………….5Introduction………………………………………………………………………………........5Overview of the Guang Da Hsing Incident………………………………………………..5Objectives and Significance of the Study………………………………………………… 6Chapter Two…………………………………………………………………………………....7Literature Review………………………………………………………………………….......7 Agenda-Setting………………………………………………………………………….7 Framing………………………………………………………………………………..… 9 News Sources……………………………………………………………………….… 14 Framing International Conflict………………………………………………………16 Crisis Communication…………………………………………………………..…… 19Chapter Three………………………………………………………………………….…….. 23Methodology……………………………………………………………………………........ 23 Samples……………………………………………………………………………….... 23 Coding Unit and Coding Procedure………………………………………….…... 24 Coding Categories…………………………………………………………..……….. 25Chapter Four……………………………………………………………………….………… 33Findings………………………………………………………………………………........... 33 News Frames………………………………………………………………………….. 33 News Sources…………………………………………………………………………. 34 Othering…………………………………………………………………….…………. 36 Attribution of Responsibility………………………………………………………. 38 Crisis Response Strategies…………………………………………………………. 39Chapter Five…………………………………………………………………………………. 42 Discussion…………………………………………………………………………….. 42 Major Findings of the Study……………………………………………………….. 42 Conclusion………………………………………………………………………….…. 51 Limitations and Future Research……………………………………………..…... 53References……………………………………………………………………………………. 55Appendices…………………………………………………………………………………… 61 Appendix A………………………………………………………………….………… 61 Appendix B……………………………………………………………….…………… 67 zh_TW dc.format.extent 576780 bytes - dc.format.mimetype application/pdf - dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0101461013 en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) 廣大興28號 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 台灣 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 菲律賓 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 報紙 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 新聞框架分析 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) Guang Da Hsing en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Framing en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Content Analysis en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Taiwan en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Philippines en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Newspapers en_US dc.title (題名) 跨文化危機之新聞框架分析： 比較台灣與菲律賓報紙對於「廣大興28號」事件之報導 zh_TW dc.title (題名) Framing Cross-Cultural Crisis: A Comparative Analysis of Coverage of the Guang Da Hsing No. 28 Incident in Taiwanese and Philippine Newspapers en_US dc.type (資料類型) thesis en dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Abbe, O., Goodliffe, J., Herrnson, P., & Patterson, K. (2003). Agenda setting in congressional elections: The impact of issues and campaigns on voting behavior. Political Research Quarterly, 56(4), 419-430.Abrahamian, E. (2003). The US Media, Huntington and September 11. Third World Quarterly, 24(3), 529-544.Agence France-Presse. (2013, August 08). Taiwan removes sanctions against ph after apology . Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved from http://globalnation.inquirer.net/82797/taiwan-removes-sanction-against-ph-after-apologyAn, S. K., & Gower, K. (2009). How do the news media frame crises? A content analysis of crisis news coverage. Public Relations Review, 35, 107-112. Bailey, O., & Harindranath, R. (2005). Racialized `Othering` - The Representation of Asylum Seekers in News Media (1st ed., pp. 274-286). Maidenhead, England: Open University Press.Baistow, T. (1985). Fourth-rate estate: an anatomy of Fleet Street. Comedia London, (28).Behr, R., & Iyengar, S. (1985). Television News, Real-World Cues, and Changes in the Public Agenda. Public Opinion Quarterly, 49(1), 38. Blumler, J., & Gurevitch, M. (1981). Politicians and the Press: an essay on role relationship. In K. Sanders & D. Nimmo, Handbook of Political Communication (1st ed., pp. 467-493). Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.Bosman, J., & d`Haenens, L. (2008). News reporting on Pim Fortuyn: Framing in two Dutch newspapers. Media, Culture & Society, 30(5), 735--748.Bryant, J., & Miron, D. (2004). Theory and research in mass communication. Journal of Communication, 54(4), 662-704.Chinapost.com.tw,. (n.d.). About The China Post. Retrieved 27 May 2014, from http://www.chinapost.com.tw/cp/thechinapost/Cho, S. H., & Gower, K. (2006). Framing effect on the public’s response to crisis: Human interest frame and crisis type influencing responsibility and blame. Public Relations Review, 32, 420-422. Clarke, S. (2008). Culture and Identity. In T. Bennett & J. Frow, The SAGE Handbook of Cultural Analysis (1st ed., pp. 510-529).CNA. (2013, June 5). Filipino workers feel powerless in Taiwan-Philippine dispute. The China Post. Retrieved June 1, 2014, from http://www.chinapost.com.tw/business/asia/philippines/2013/06/05/380435/Filipino-workers.htmCohen, B. (1963). The Press and Foreign Policy (1st ed.). Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press.Coombs, W., & Holladay, S. (2012). The Handbook of Crisis Communication (1st ed.). Chichester, U.K.: Wiley-Blackwell.Coombs, W. T. (1998). An analytic framework for crisis situations: Better responses from a better understanding of the situation. Journal of Public Relations Research, 10, 177–192. Coombs, W. (2004). Impact of past crises on current crisis communication insights from Situational Crisis Communication Theory. Journal of Business Communication, 41(3), 265--289.Coombs, W. (2007). Protecting organization reputations during a crisis: The development and application of situational crisis communication theory. Corporate Reputation Review, 10(3), 163-176.Dalton, R., Beck, P., & Huckfeldt, R. (1998). Partisan cues and the media: Information flows in the 1992 presidential election. American Political Science Review, 111-126.De Vreese, C. (2005). News framing: Theory and typology. Information Design Journal & Document Design, 13(1), 51-62.Diez, T. (2004). Europe`s others and the return of geopolitics. Cambridge Review Of International Affairs, 17(2), 319-335.Dirikx, A., & Gelders, D. (2010). To frame is to explain: A deductive frame-analysis of Dutch and French climate change coverage during the annual UN Conferences of the Parties. Public Understanding Of Science, 19(6), 732-742. Druckman, J. (2010). Foreword. In P. D`Angelo & J. Kuypers, Doing News Framing Analysis: Empirical and Theoretical Perspectives (1st ed.). New York: Routledge.Duszak, A. (2002). Us and Others (1st ed.). Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing.Entman, R. (1993). Framing: Toward clarification of a fractured paradigm. Journal Of Communication, 43(4), 51-58.Entman, R. (2003). Cascading Activation: Contesting the White House`s Frame After 9/11. Political Communication, 20(4), 415-432. Entman, R. (2005). Foreword. In K. Callaghan & F. Schnell, In Framing American Politics (1st ed.). Pittsburgh, PA: Pittsburgh University Press.Executive Yuan, Office of Information Services. (2012). Republic of China Yearbook 2012. Retrieved from website: http://www.ey.gov.tw/en/cp.aspx?n=8B37A56E6E2B7316Fahmy, S., Cho, S., Wanta, W., & Song, Y. (2006). Visual agenda-setting after 9/11: individuals` emotions, image recall, and concern with terrorism. Visual Communication Quarterly, 13(1), 4-15. Friedland, L., & Mengbai, Z. (1996). International Television coverage of Beijing Spring 1989 (1st ed.). Columbia, SC: Association for Education in Journalism and Mass Communication.Gamson, W., Croteau, D., Hoynes, W., & Sasson, T. (1992). Media images and the social construction of reality. Annual Review of Sociology, 18(1), 373-393.Gandy, O. (1982). Beyond Agenda Setting (1st ed.). Norwood, N.J.: Ablex Pub. Co.Gans, H. (1979). Deciding What`s News (1st ed.). New York: Pantheon Books.Giongco, M. (2013, May 27). Gilas `un-invited` to Jones Cup says Cho Reyes. Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved September 3, 2014, from http://sports.inquirer.net/101893/gilas-un-invited-to-jones-cup-says-chot-reyesHutcheson, J., Domke, D., Billeaudeaux, A., & Garl,. (2004). US national identity, political elites, and a patriotic press following September 11. Political Communication, 21(1), 27-50.Ibrahim, D. (2010). The framing of Islam on network news following the September 11th attacks. International Communication Gazette, 72(1), 111-125.Iyengar, S., & Kinder, D. (1987). News that Matters: Agenda-setting and Priming in a Television Age (1st ed.). Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Iyengar, S. (1987). Television news and citizens` explanations of national affairs. 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