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題名 次貸風暴期間我國銀行業裁量性壞帳費用之研究
Research on Taiwan Banks` discretionary bad debt expenses during subprime mortgage crisis
作者 潘星佑
貢獻者 郭弘卿
潘星佑
關鍵詞 次貸風暴
銀行
裁量性壞帳費用
盈餘管理目標
日期 2015
上傳時間 2-Nov-2015 14:46:49 (UTC+8)
摘要 過去研究在探討次貸風暴期間我國企業盈餘管理行為，在樣本的選取上均排除行業特性較特殊的銀行業，然而諸多研究均指出銀行業可能較一般產業有更強的盈餘管理動機，故本文旨在探討我國銀行業在次貸風暴期間，裁量性壞帳費用之提列情形與盈餘管理目標。研究結果指出：管理前盈餘較高組之各銀行經理人，在裁量性壞帳費用之提列決策上，可能有不同考量，因此沒有明顯的盈餘管理目標； 管理前盈餘較低組與風暴前呈財務困難組，在風暴期間的盈餘管理目標皆為洗大澡，並於之後年度有迴轉情形。另外，風暴前呈財務困難組，於風暴期間之裁量性壞帳費用提列數，低於風暴前之提列數，可能因為在風暴前呈財務困難的年度，即使向上調整盈餘，亦無法達到目標水準，故可能如風暴期間以洗大澡為盈餘管理目標。
參考文獻 一、中文部分：
于宗先與王金利，2010.1.29，台灣經濟的浴火重生，聯經出版公司。
中國時報，中時社論，2008.2.4，美國次貸風暴，台灣難置身事外。
王萬成與高祥恒，2005，裁決性應計項目、衍生性金融商品與損益平穩化，中華會計學刊，第五卷，第2期: 143-168。
王蘭芬、薛敏正與顏莉萍，2006，銀行業衍生性金融商品與裁決性壞帳關聯性研究，2006年國際學術研討會－管理組。
沈中華與謝孟芬，2006，金融業提列備抵呆帳與景氣循環、法規之關聯性分析-以49個國家為例，財金論文叢刊，第4期: 1-23
林修葳與陳育成，1997，國內商業銀行壞帳及票券買賣損益策略性調控問題之實證研究，臺大管理論叢，第八卷，第2期: 33-66。
林鳳莉，2003，銀行業裁決性項目之盈餘管理，臺北科技大學學報，第36-2期: 203-219。
林嬋娟、洪櫻芬與薛敏正，1997，財務困難公司之盈餘管理實證研究，管理學報，第十四卷，第1期(3月)：15-38。
林曉莉，2009，美國次貸風暴對兩岸銀行業的影響，國立政治大學國際經營與貿易學系碩士論文。
洪佑伶，1997，台灣地區商業銀行壞帳決策與買賣有價證券損益影響因素之實證研究，台灣大學會計研究所碩士論文。
張智凱，1995，美國商業銀行壞帳承認影響因素之實證研究，國立台灣大學會計學研究所碩士論文。
許振明，2008.4.22，次級風暴對兩岸經濟的衝擊，國家政策研究基金會研究報告。
陳育成，2002，台灣金融業的壞帳管理及相關研究，管理評論，第二十一卷，第4期: 1-17。
陳羿妏，2002，業績衰退上櫃公司之盈餘管理研究，國立成功大學會計學研究所碩士論文。
陳淑玲，1998，我國銀行業裁量性決策與資本、盈餘、租稅目的間關係之研究，東吳大學會計研究所碩士論文。
陳瑞璽與王琳祿，2014，盈餘管理目標及影響因素－臺灣銀行產業之實證，商略學報，第六卷，第2期: 89-104。
劉順仁與洪曉穎，1997，美國商業銀行財務資料揭露之資訊內涵，管理與系統，第四卷，第1期: 49-74。
潘琪茹，2011，2008年金融風暴後企業盈餘管理之研究，國立台灣大學會計學研究所碩士論文。
謝明瑞，2007.10.11，談次級房貸對台灣不動產與金融產業的影響，國家政策研究基金會研究報告。

二、英文部分：
Agarwal, S., Chomsisengphet, S., Liu, C. and Rhee, S.G. 2007. Earnings management behaviors under different economic environments: evidence from Japanese banks. International Review of Economics & Finance 16(3): 429-443.
Barth, M. E., Landsman, W. R. and Wahlen, J. M. 1995. Fair value accounting: effects on banks’ earnings volatility, regulatory capital and value of contractual cash flows, Journal of Banking &Finance 19(3-4): 577-605.
Beatty, A. L., B. Ke, and K. R. Petroni. 2002. Earnings management to avoid earnings declines across publicly and privately held banks. The Accounting Review 77 (3): 547-570.
Beatty, A., Chamberlain, S. L. and Magliolo, J. 1995. Managing financial reports of commercial bank: the influence of taxes, regulatory capital and earnings, Journal of Accounting Research 33(2): 231-261.
Becker, C. L., M. L. DeFond, J. Jiambalvo, and K. R. Subramanyam. 1998. The effect of audit quality on earning management. Contemporary Accounting Research 15 (Spring): 1-24.
Bikker, J.A. and Haixia Hu. 2002. Cyclical patterns in profits, provisioning and lending of banks and procyclicality of the new Basel capital requirements. Banca Nazionale del Lavoro Quarterly Review 55(221): 143-175.
Bikker, J.A. and P. A. J. Metzemakers. 2003. Bank provisioning behaviour and procyclicality. De Nederlandsche Bank, Staff Paper 113(December).
Chi, W. C., H. L. Chih and C. H. Shen. 2007. An empirical comparison on earnings management between banks and non-bank firms around the world. Working Paper.
Collins, J. H., Shackelford, D. A. and Wahlen, J. M. 1995. Bank differences in the coordination of regulatory capital, earnings and taxes. Journal of Accounting Research 33(2): 263-291.
Deangelo, Harry and Linda Deangelo. 1990. Dividend policy and financial distress: an empirical investigation of troubled NYSE firms. The Journal of Finance 5: 1415-1431.
DeAngelo, Harry, Linda DeAngelo and Douglas J. Skinner. 1994. Accounting choice in trouble companies. Journal of Accounting and Economics 17: 113-143.
DeAngelo, L. E. 1988. Managerial competition, information costs, and corporate governance: the use of accounting performance measures in proxy contests. Journal of Accounting and Economics 10: 3-36.
DeFond, M. L., and J. Jiambalvo. 1994. Debt covenant violation and manipulation of accruals. Journal of Accounting and Economics 17 (1-2): 145-176.
Flagg J.C., G.A. Giroux and C.E. Wiggins. 1991. Predicting corporate bankruptcy using failing films. Review of Financial Economics 1: 67-78.
Francis, J., Hanna, J., & Vincent, L. 1996. Causes and effects of discretionary asset write-offs. Journal of Accounting Research 34 (3): 117-134.
Gilson, Stuart C. 1989. Management turnover and financial distress. Journal of financial Economics 25: 241-262.
Healy, P. 1985. The effect of bonus schemes on accounting decisions. Journal of Accounting and Economics 7 (1-3): 85-107.
Healy, P. M. and Wahlen, J. M. 1999. A review of the earnings management literature and its implications for standard setting, Accounting Horizons 13(4): 365-383.
Kanagaretnam, K., G. J. Lobo and D. Yang. 2000. Joint tests of signaling and income smoothing through bank loan loss provisions. Working Paper.
Kaplan, S. 1994. Top executive rewards and firm performance: a comparison of Japan and the US. Journal of Political Economy 102: 510-546.
Kothari, S. P. 2001. Capital markets research in accounting. Journal of Accounting and Economics 31(1-3): 105-231.
Laeven, L. and G. Majnoni. 2003. Loan loss provisioning and economic slowdowns: too Much, too Late? Journal of Financial Intermediation 12: 179-197.
Liu, C., Ryan, S. G. and Wahlen, J. M. 1997. Differential valuation implications of loan loss provisions across banks and fiscal quarters. The Accounting Review 72(1): 133-146.
Ma, C. K., 1988. Loan Loss Reserves and Income Smoothing: The experience in the U.S. banking industry. Journal of Business Finance & Accounting 15(4): 487-497.
McNichols, M., and G. P. Wilson. 1988. Evidence of earnings management from the provision for bad debts. Journal of Accounting Research 26: 1-40.
Morgan, D.P. 2002. Rating banks: Risk and uncertainty in an opaque industry. American Economic Review 92 (4): 874-888.
Moyer, S. 1990. Capital adequacy ratio regulations and accounting choices in commercial banks. Journal of Accounting Research 13(2): 123-154.
Ronen, J. and Sadan, S. 1981. Smoothing Numbers: Objectives, Means and Implications, Boston, MA: Addison-Wesley Publishing Inc.
Rosner, R. L. 2003. Earnings manipulation in failing firms. Contemporary Accounting Research 20: 361-408.
Schipper, K. 1989. Commentary on earnings management. Accounting Horizons 3(4): 91-102.
Scholes, M. S., Wilson, G. P. and Wolfson, M. A. 1990. Tax planning, regulatory capital planning and financial reporting strategy for commercial banks. The Review of Financial Studies 3(4), 625-650.
Shrieves, R. E. and Dahl., D. 2003. Discretionary accounting and the behavior of Japanese banks under financial duress. Journal of Banking and Finance 27: 1219-1243.
Sunder, S. 2002. Theory of accounting and control. Cincinnati, Ohio: South-Western College Pub.
Wall, L. D., and T. W. Koch. 2000. Bank loan-loss accounting: a review of theoretical and empirical evidence. Economic Review-Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta 85 (2): 1-20.
Watts, R. L., and Zimmerman, J.L. 1978. Towards a positive theory of the determination of accounting standards. The Accounting Review: 112-134.
Watts, R. L., Wruck, K. H. and Warner, J. B. 1989. Equity ownership concentration and firm value: evidence from private equity financing. Journal of Financial Economics 23: 3-28.
描述 碩士
國立政治大學
會計研究所
102353042
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0102353042
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 郭弘卿zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 潘星佑zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) 潘星佑zh_TW
dc.date (日期) 2015en_US
dc.date.accessioned 2-Nov-2015 14:46:49 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 2-Nov-2015 14:46:49 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 2-Nov-2015 14:46:49 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0102353042en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/79193-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 會計研究所zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 102353042zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 過去研究在探討次貸風暴期間我國企業盈餘管理行為，在樣本的選取上均排除行業特性較特殊的銀行業，然而諸多研究均指出銀行業可能較一般產業有更強的盈餘管理動機，故本文旨在探討我國銀行業在次貸風暴期間，裁量性壞帳費用之提列情形與盈餘管理目標。研究結果指出：管理前盈餘較高組之各銀行經理人，在裁量性壞帳費用之提列決策上，可能有不同考量，因此沒有明顯的盈餘管理目標； 管理前盈餘較低組與風暴前呈財務困難組，在風暴期間的盈餘管理目標皆為洗大澡，並於之後年度有迴轉情形。另外，風暴前呈財務困難組，於風暴期間之裁量性壞帳費用提列數，低於風暴前之提列數，可能因為在風暴前呈財務困難的年度，即使向上調整盈餘，亦無法達到目標水準，故可能如風暴期間以洗大澡為盈餘管理目標。zh_TW
dc.description.tableofcontents 圖目錄 IV
表目錄 IV
壹、 緒論 1
第一節 研究動機 1
第二節 研究目的 5
貳、 文獻探討及假說建立 7
第一節 盈餘管理之定義、動機及工具 7
第二節 銀行業使用裁量性壞帳操弄盈餘 11
第三節 財務困難公司 15
第四節 景氣變化與盈餘管理關聯性之研究 19
參、 研究設計 22
第一節 假說建立 22
第二節 實證模型與方法 25
第三節 研究變數 28
第四節 選樣設計 32
肆、 實證結果 36
第一節 敘述性統計 36
第二節 相關係數檢定 44
第三節 多元迴歸分析 46
第四節 成對樣本中位數差異檢定 52
伍、 結論與建議 57
第一節 結論 57
第二節 研究建議 58
陸、 參考文獻 59		zh_TW
dc.format.extent 471786 bytes-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0102353042en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 次貸風暴zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 銀行zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 裁量性壞帳費用zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 盈餘管理目標zh_TW
dc.title (題名) 次貸風暴期間我國銀行業裁量性壞帳費用之研究zh_TW
dc.title (題名) Research on Taiwan Banks` discretionary bad debt expenses during subprime mortgage crisisen_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 一、中文部分：
于宗先與王金利，2010.1.29，台灣經濟的浴火重生，聯經出版公司。
中國時報，中時社論，2008.2.4，美國次貸風暴，台灣難置身事外。
王萬成與高祥恒，2005，裁決性應計項目、衍生性金融商品與損益平穩化，中華會計學刊，第五卷，第2期: 143-168。
王蘭芬、薛敏正與顏莉萍，2006，銀行業衍生性金融商品與裁決性壞帳關聯性研究，2006年國際學術研討會－管理組。
沈中華與謝孟芬，2006，金融業提列備抵呆帳與景氣循環、法規之關聯性分析-以49個國家為例，財金論文叢刊，第4期: 1-23
林修葳與陳育成，1997，國內商業銀行壞帳及票券買賣損益策略性調控問題之實證研究，臺大管理論叢，第八卷，第2期: 33-66。
林鳳莉，2003，銀行業裁決性項目之盈餘管理，臺北科技大學學報，第36-2期: 203-219。
林嬋娟、洪櫻芬與薛敏正，1997，財務困難公司之盈餘管理實證研究，管理學報，第十四卷，第1期(3月)：15-38。
林曉莉，2009，美國次貸風暴對兩岸銀行業的影響，國立政治大學國際經營與貿易學系碩士論文。
洪佑伶，1997，台灣地區商業銀行壞帳決策與買賣有價證券損益影響因素之實證研究，台灣大學會計研究所碩士論文。
張智凱，1995，美國商業銀行壞帳承認影響因素之實證研究，國立台灣大學會計學研究所碩士論文。
許振明，2008.4.22，次級風暴對兩岸經濟的衝擊，國家政策研究基金會研究報告。
陳育成，2002，台灣金融業的壞帳管理及相關研究，管理評論，第二十一卷，第4期: 1-17。
陳羿妏，2002，業績衰退上櫃公司之盈餘管理研究，國立成功大學會計學研究所碩士論文。
陳淑玲，1998，我國銀行業裁量性決策與資本、盈餘、租稅目的間關係之研究，東吳大學會計研究所碩士論文。
陳瑞璽與王琳祿，2014，盈餘管理目標及影響因素－臺灣銀行產業之實證，商略學報，第六卷，第2期: 89-104。
劉順仁與洪曉穎，1997，美國商業銀行財務資料揭露之資訊內涵，管理與系統，第四卷，第1期: 49-74。
潘琪茹，2011，2008年金融風暴後企業盈餘管理之研究，國立台灣大學會計學研究所碩士論文。
謝明瑞，2007.10.11，談次級房貸對台灣不動產與金融產業的影響，國家政策研究基金會研究報告。

二、英文部分：
Agarwal, S., Chomsisengphet, S., Liu, C. and Rhee, S.G. 2007. Earnings management behaviors under different economic environments: evidence from Japanese banks. International Review of Economics & Finance 16(3): 429-443.
Barth, M. E., Landsman, W. R. and Wahlen, J. M. 1995. Fair value accounting: effects on banks’ earnings volatility, regulatory capital and value of contractual cash flows, Journal of Banking &Finance 19(3-4): 577-605.
Beatty, A. L., B. Ke, and K. R. Petroni. 2002. Earnings management to avoid earnings declines across publicly and privately held banks. The Accounting Review 77 (3): 547-570.
Beatty, A., Chamberlain, S. L. and Magliolo, J. 1995. Managing financial reports of commercial bank: the influence of taxes, regulatory capital and earnings, Journal of Accounting Research 33(2): 231-261.
Becker, C. L., M. L. DeFond, J. Jiambalvo, and K. R. Subramanyam. 1998. The effect of audit quality on earning management. Contemporary Accounting Research 15 (Spring): 1-24.
Bikker, J.A. and Haixia Hu. 2002. Cyclical patterns in profits, provisioning and lending of banks and procyclicality of the new Basel capital requirements. Banca Nazionale del Lavoro Quarterly Review 55(221): 143-175.
Bikker, J.A. and P. A. J. Metzemakers. 2003. Bank provisioning behaviour and procyclicality. De Nederlandsche Bank, Staff Paper 113(December).
Chi, W. C., H. L. Chih and C. H. Shen. 2007. An empirical comparison on earnings management between banks and non-bank firms around the world. Working Paper.
Collins, J. H., Shackelford, D. A. and Wahlen, J. M. 1995. Bank differences in the coordination of regulatory capital, earnings and taxes. Journal of Accounting Research 33(2): 263-291.
Deangelo, Harry and Linda Deangelo. 1990. Dividend policy and financial distress: an empirical investigation of troubled NYSE firms. The Journal of Finance 5: 1415-1431.
DeAngelo, Harry, Linda DeAngelo and Douglas J. Skinner. 1994. Accounting choice in trouble companies. Journal of Accounting and Economics 17: 113-143.
DeAngelo, L. E. 1988. Managerial competition, information costs, and corporate governance: the use of accounting performance measures in proxy contests. Journal of Accounting and Economics 10: 3-36.
DeFond, M. L., and J. Jiambalvo. 1994. Debt covenant violation and manipulation of accruals. Journal of Accounting and Economics 17 (1-2): 145-176.
Flagg J.C., G.A. Giroux and C.E. Wiggins. 1991. Predicting corporate bankruptcy using failing films. Review of Financial Economics 1: 67-78.
Francis, J., Hanna, J., & Vincent, L. 1996. Causes and effects of discretionary asset write-offs. Journal of Accounting Research 34 (3): 117-134.
Gilson, Stuart C. 1989. Management turnover and financial distress. Journal of financial Economics 25: 241-262.
Healy, P. 1985. The effect of bonus schemes on accounting decisions. Journal of Accounting and Economics 7 (1-3): 85-107.
Healy, P. M. and Wahlen, J. M. 1999. A review of the earnings management literature and its implications for standard setting, Accounting Horizons 13(4): 365-383.
Kanagaretnam, K., G. J. Lobo and D. Yang. 2000. Joint tests of signaling and income smoothing through bank loan loss provisions. Working Paper.
Kaplan, S. 1994. Top executive rewards and firm performance: a comparison of Japan and the US. Journal of Political Economy 102: 510-546.
Kothari, S. P. 2001. Capital markets research in accounting. Journal of Accounting and Economics 31(1-3): 105-231.
Laeven, L. and G. Majnoni. 2003. Loan loss provisioning and economic slowdowns: too Much, too Late? Journal of Financial Intermediation 12: 179-197.
Liu, C., Ryan, S. G. and Wahlen, J. M. 1997. Differential valuation implications of loan loss provisions across banks and fiscal quarters. The Accounting Review 72(1): 133-146.
Ma, C. K., 1988. Loan Loss Reserves and Income Smoothing: The experience in the U.S. banking industry. Journal of Business Finance & Accounting 15(4): 487-497.
McNichols, M., and G. P. Wilson. 1988. Evidence of earnings management from the provision for bad debts. Journal of Accounting Research 26: 1-40.
Morgan, D.P. 2002. Rating banks: Risk and uncertainty in an opaque industry. American Economic Review 92 (4): 874-888.
Moyer, S. 1990. Capital adequacy ratio regulations and accounting choices in commercial banks. Journal of Accounting Research 13(2): 123-154.
Ronen, J. and Sadan, S. 1981. Smoothing Numbers: Objectives, Means and Implications, Boston, MA: Addison-Wesley Publishing Inc.
Rosner, R. L. 2003. Earnings manipulation in failing firms. Contemporary Accounting Research 20: 361-408.
Schipper, K. 1989. Commentary on earnings management. Accounting Horizons 3(4): 91-102.
Scholes, M. S., Wilson, G. P. and Wolfson, M. A. 1990. Tax planning, regulatory capital planning and financial reporting strategy for commercial banks. The Review of Financial Studies 3(4), 625-650.
Shrieves, R. E. and Dahl., D. 2003. Discretionary accounting and the behavior of Japanese banks under financial duress. Journal of Banking and Finance 27: 1219-1243.
Sunder, S. 2002. Theory of accounting and control. Cincinnati, Ohio: South-Western College Pub.
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