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題名 我們與他們: 台灣社會阻止移工剝削的角色
Us vs. Them: Taiwanese Society’s role in stopping migrant worker abuse
作者 馬瑞秋
McGuffin, Rachel
貢獻者 官大偉
Guan, Dawei
馬瑞秋
McGuffin, Rachel
關鍵詞 移工
社會
人權
migrant labor
human rights
civil society
日期 2016
上傳時間 1-Mar-2016 10:55:14 (UTC+8)
摘要 在人口高齡化、漁業與工業缺乏勞工的情況下，引進移工對於臺灣經濟發展的重要性日益提升。到目前為止，臺灣已有五十萬名移工，而且數字還在持續增加。這些逐漸增加的臨時移工人口，使得臺灣社會逐漸需要面對所引起的社會、法律與整個移工結構的問題。為了解決前述的問題, 臺灣出現了幾個以幫助移工為目的的非政府組織。這些機構主要協助移工處理隱私受到侵犯或雇主歧視等人權問題。但由於非政府組織的主要著力於大方向價值觀的倡議，對於移工實質生活條件的改善仍然進步緩慢。本研究的主要關注於如何改變臺灣社會對於移工的觀念與態度，以停止虐待移工的惡性循環。研究方法為透過專家文獻論述與量化數據分析，探討臺灣人對於移工認知、移工權利、社會規範、法治態度等四方面的關係。研究結果顯示，人民對於移工的態度、對於社會規範的看法，以及法治觀念的具備程度，都與對移工的支持程度有顯著關聯，這些因素也都密切影響移工在臺灣的生活權益。
With a rising aging population and labor shortages across its key fishing and factory industries, the importation of migrant labor is more crucial than ever in keeping Taiwan’s small but impressive economy propelling forward. With over half a million migrant workers and rising, Taiwan is increasingly facing social, legal, and institutional issues that arise when a temporary labor force is mixed in with the status quo population. A small number of grassroots organizations (NGOs) have sprung up in helping these workers, especially when handling human rights violations such as invasions of privacy and discrimination from employers, but progress has been haltingly slow because change has only been enacted on the macro-level, and not within society where prejudice persists. This research argues that those involved must focus their efforts on changing society’s perceptions of these migrant workers in order to stop the cycle of labor abuse. Through quantitative data collection and literature analysis, this research explores Taiwanese attitudes towards migrant workers as people, migrant workers’ rights, social norms, rule of law, and the correlations between these variables. The results from this research show that attitudes towards migrant workers are associated with the support of social norms that inhibit migrant workers’ rights and found that these attitudes, social norms, and weakness of rule of law all contribute to the marginalization of the migrant worker population.
參考文獻 American Institute Taiwan (2014). 2014 Trafficking in Persons Report Taiwan (Tier 1) Retrieved from http://www.ait.org.tw/en/2014-trafficking-in-persons-report- taiwan.html
Bedner, A. (2013). Editorial: Developing the Rule of Law in East Asia. Hague Journal Of The Rule Of Law, 5(2), 141-145. doi:10.1017/S1876404512001091
Belton, R. (2005). COMPETING DEFINITIONS OF THE RULE OF LAW. Implicationsfor Practitioners.
Boris,E. (2008). Signs: Journal of Women in Culture & Society. Vol. 33 Issue 4, p993-999. 7p.
Botero & Ponce (2010). Measuring the rule of law. World Justice Project. Retrieved from: http://worldjusticeproject.org/publication/working-papers/measuring- rule-law
Cambridge Dictionaries Online (2015). Retrieved from http://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/discrimination
Central Intelligence Agency (2015). The Worldfact book East and Southeast Asia:Taiwan. Retrieved from https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the- world- factbook/geos/tw.html
Carothers, T. (1998). The Rule of Law Revival. Foreign Affairs https://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/1998-03-01/rule-law-revival
Council of Labor Affairs, Executive Yuan (2001). REPORT ON PROTECTION OF THE RIGHTS FOR FOREIGN WORKERS IN TAIWAN. Retrieved from: https://www.wda.gov.tw/en/home.jsp?pageno=201310280045&acttype=view &dataserno=201406260037
Davison, G. & Reed, B. (1998). Culture and Customs of Taiwan. Greenwood Publishing Group, CT: USA. Retrieved from: https://books.google.com.tw/books?id=G3lY- 2OSNh8C&pg=PA207&dq=guanxi+taiwan&hl=en&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=o nepage&q=guanxi%20taiwan&f=false
Employment Services Act (1992). Ministry of Labor, Taiwan. Retrieved from: http://laws.mol.gov.tw/eng/flaw/flawdat01.asp?lsid=FL015128
Fazio, R. (1990). MULTIPLE PROCESSES BY WHICH ATTITUDES GUIDE BEHAVIOR: THE MODE MODEL AS AN INTEGRATIVE FRAMEWORK. Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, Vol 23, (75-109).
Fu, S. (2015). 台聯籲基本工資調至25K 勞動部：會評估. Newtalk. Retrieved from http://newtalk.tw/news/view/2015-03-30/58377
Henley, J. (2015). Burned by the system. Taipei Times. Retrieved from http://www.taipeitimes.com/News/feat/archives/2015/08/17/2003625533/2
Hsiao, A. (2015). Duration of stay for foreign workers extended. Taipei Times. Retrieved from http://www.taipeitimes.com/News/taiwan/archives/2015/09/19/2003628075
Hsiao, A. (2015). Legislature passes long-term care bill. Taipei Times. Retrieved from http://www.taipeitimes.com/News/taiwan/archives/2015/05/16/2003618405
Human Trafficking Prevention Act (2009). Ministry of the Interior, Republic of China. Retrieved from: http://www.moi.gov.tw/english/english_law/law_detail.aspx?sn=153
Kastner, J. (2014). Taiwan’s Desperate Migrant Mothers. The Diplomat. Retrieved from : http://thediplomat.com/2014/06/taiwans-desperate-migrant-mothers/
Labor Standards Act (1984). Ministry of Labor, Taiwan. Retrieved from: http://laws.mol.gov.tw/Eng/FLAW/FLAWDAT01.asp?lsid=FL014930
Lan, P. (2007). Legal Servitude and Free Illegality: Migrant ‘Guest’ Workers in Taiwan. Asian Diasporas: New Formations, New Conceptions. Eds. Rhacel S. Parreñas and Lok C. D. Siu. Stanford: Stanford UP, 2007. 253-277.
Lee, H., & Wu, L. (2016). Elected official convicted of sexually assaulting Indonesian worker. Focus Taiwan. Retrieved from: http://focustaiwan.tw/news/asoc/201601060013.aspx
Long-Term Care Services Act (2015). Retrieved from http://www.loc.gov/law/foreign-news/article/taiwan-long-term-care- legislation-adopted/
Martin, J. (2007). A Reasonable Balance of Law and Sentiment: Social Order in Democratic Taiwan from the Policeman`s Point of View. Law & Society Review, 41(3), 665-698. doi:10.1111/j.1540-5893.2007.00317.x
Ministry of Labor Taiwan (2015). Table 12-3 Foreign workers in productive industries and social welfare by nationality. Retrieved from http://statdb.mol.gov.tw/html/mon/c12030.htm
Robison, R. (1996). The politics of Asian Values. The Pacific Review, Vol. 9, No. 3, 1996:309-27.
Shu-Ju Ada, C. (2004). Contextual politics of difference in transnational care: the rhetoric of Filipina domestics` employers in Taiwan. Feminist Review, (77), 46-64.
Stanford Encylopedia of Philosophy (2011). Retrieved from: http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/social-norms/
Taipei Women’s Rescue Foundation (2014). Second NGO Report on the Implementation of the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW) in Taiwan 2014. Translated by Anthony Carlisle.
Taipei Times (2015). Ministry plans to address foreign caregiver wages. Retrieved from: http://www.taipeitimes.com/News/taiwan/archives/2015/06/18/2003620992
Tseng, Y., & Wang, H. (2013). Governing Migrant Workers at a Distance: Managing the Temporary Status of Guestworkers in Taiwan. International Migration, 51(4), 1-19. doi:10.1111/j.1468-2435.2010.00639.x
Weitseng, C., & Jimmy Chiashin, H. (2014). Horizontal Accountability in a Polarised New Democracy: The Case of Post-Democratisation Taiwan. Australian Journal Of Asian Law, 15(2), 1-9.
Wen, L. (2015). Minister grilled about caretakers. Taipei Times. Retrieved from http://www.taipeitimes.com/News/taiwan/archives/2015/03/13/2003613449
Wolfgram, A. (2012). I have it maid in Taiwan. Master’s Thesis NCCU.
Yang, Y. (2015). Hundreds of Indonesian Fishermen protest Broker agencies deducting accommodations fees. Liberty Times Net. Retrieved from: http://news.ltn.com.tw/news/local/paper/692074
Yang, Z. & Jiang, A., (2014). Managing corporate crisis in China: Sentiment, reason, and law. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bushor.2014.11.003
Yun-han, C., Diamond, L., & Doh Chull, S. (2001). HALTING PROGRESS IN KOREA AND TAIWAN. Journal Of Democracy, 12(1), 122.
描述 碩士
國立政治大學
亞太研究英語碩士學位學程(IMAS)
103926021
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0103926021
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 官大偉zh_TW
dc.contributor.advisor Guan, Daweien_US
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 馬瑞秋zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) McGuffin, Rachelen_US
dc.creator (作者) 馬瑞秋zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) McGuffin, Rachelen_US
dc.date (日期) 2016en_US
dc.date.accessioned 1-Mar-2016 10:55:14 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 1-Mar-2016 10:55:14 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 1-Mar-2016 10:55:14 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0103926021en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/81599-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 亞太研究英語碩士學位學程(IMAS)zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 103926021zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 在人口高齡化、漁業與工業缺乏勞工的情況下，引進移工對於臺灣經濟發展的重要性日益提升。到目前為止，臺灣已有五十萬名移工，而且數字還在持續增加。這些逐漸增加的臨時移工人口，使得臺灣社會逐漸需要面對所引起的社會、法律與整個移工結構的問題。為了解決前述的問題, 臺灣出現了幾個以幫助移工為目的的非政府組織。這些機構主要協助移工處理隱私受到侵犯或雇主歧視等人權問題。但由於非政府組織的主要著力於大方向價值觀的倡議，對於移工實質生活條件的改善仍然進步緩慢。本研究的主要關注於如何改變臺灣社會對於移工的觀念與態度，以停止虐待移工的惡性循環。研究方法為透過專家文獻論述與量化數據分析，探討臺灣人對於移工認知、移工權利、社會規範、法治態度等四方面的關係。研究結果顯示，人民對於移工的態度、對於社會規範的看法，以及法治觀念的具備程度，都與對移工的支持程度有顯著關聯，這些因素也都密切影響移工在臺灣的生活權益。zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) With a rising aging population and labor shortages across its key fishing and factory industries, the importation of migrant labor is more crucial than ever in keeping Taiwan’s small but impressive economy propelling forward. With over half a million migrant workers and rising, Taiwan is increasingly facing social, legal, and institutional issues that arise when a temporary labor force is mixed in with the status quo population. A small number of grassroots organizations (NGOs) have sprung up in helping these workers, especially when handling human rights violations such as invasions of privacy and discrimination from employers, but progress has been haltingly slow because change has only been enacted on the macro-level, and not within society where prejudice persists. This research argues that those involved must focus their efforts on changing society’s perceptions of these migrant workers in order to stop the cycle of labor abuse. Through quantitative data collection and literature analysis, this research explores Taiwanese attitudes towards migrant workers as people, migrant workers’ rights, social norms, rule of law, and the correlations between these variables. The results from this research show that attitudes towards migrant workers are associated with the support of social norms that inhibit migrant workers’ rights and found that these attitudes, social norms, and weakness of rule of law all contribute to the marginalization of the migrant worker population.en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. Introduction 1
1.1 Background
1.2 Research Questions & Objectives
1.3 Thesis
1.4 Delimitation
2. Historical Background and Literature Review 7
2.1 Current NGOs in Taiwan
2.2 NGO’s Missions and Functionalities
2.3 Contending Theories
2.3.1 Rule of Law & Social Norms
2.3.2 Us vs. Them Mentality
2.3.3 Marginalization of Migrant Workers
3. Research Design 28
3.1 Methodology
3.2 Sampling
3.3 Instruments
3.4 Pilot Study
4. Research Findings & Analysis 36
4.1 Descriptive Statistics
4.2 Reliability Analysis
4.3 Correlations Between Variables
4.4 Influences between Variables using Linear Regression Models
4.5 Summary and Discussion of Results
5. Conclusion and Recommendations 55
5.1 Conclusions
5.2 Limitations
5.3 Recommendations
5.4 Implications		zh_TW
dc.format.extent 1437506 bytes-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0103926021en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 移工zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 社會zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 人權zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) migrant laboren_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) human rightsen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) civil societyen_US
dc.title (題名) 我們與他們: 台灣社會阻止移工剝削的角色zh_TW
dc.title (題名) Us vs. Them: Taiwanese Society’s role in stopping migrant worker abuseen_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen_US
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) American Institute Taiwan (2014). 2014 Trafficking in Persons Report Taiwan (Tier 1) Retrieved from http://www.ait.org.tw/en/2014-trafficking-in-persons-report- taiwan.html
Bedner, A. (2013). Editorial: Developing the Rule of Law in East Asia. Hague Journal Of The Rule Of Law, 5(2), 141-145. doi:10.1017/S1876404512001091
Belton, R. (2005). COMPETING DEFINITIONS OF THE RULE OF LAW. Implicationsfor Practitioners.
Boris,E. (2008). Signs: Journal of Women in Culture & Society. Vol. 33 Issue 4, p993-999. 7p.
Botero & Ponce (2010). Measuring the rule of law. World Justice Project. Retrieved from: http://worldjusticeproject.org/publication/working-papers/measuring- rule-law
Cambridge Dictionaries Online (2015). Retrieved from http://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/discrimination
Central Intelligence Agency (2015). The Worldfact book East and Southeast Asia:Taiwan. Retrieved from https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the- world- factbook/geos/tw.html
Carothers, T. (1998). The Rule of Law Revival. Foreign Affairs https://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/1998-03-01/rule-law-revival
Council of Labor Affairs, Executive Yuan (2001). REPORT ON PROTECTION OF THE RIGHTS FOR FOREIGN WORKERS IN TAIWAN. Retrieved from: https://www.wda.gov.tw/en/home.jsp?pageno=201310280045&acttype=view &dataserno=201406260037
Davison, G. & Reed, B. (1998). Culture and Customs of Taiwan. Greenwood Publishing Group, CT: USA. Retrieved from: https://books.google.com.tw/books?id=G3lY- 2OSNh8C&pg=PA207&dq=guanxi+taiwan&hl=en&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=o nepage&q=guanxi%20taiwan&f=false
Employment Services Act (1992). Ministry of Labor, Taiwan. Retrieved from: http://laws.mol.gov.tw/eng/flaw/flawdat01.asp?lsid=FL015128
Fazio, R. (1990). MULTIPLE PROCESSES BY WHICH ATTITUDES GUIDE BEHAVIOR: THE MODE MODEL AS AN INTEGRATIVE FRAMEWORK. Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, Vol 23, (75-109).
Fu, S. (2015). 台聯籲基本工資調至25K 勞動部：會評估. Newtalk. Retrieved from http://newtalk.tw/news/view/2015-03-30/58377
Henley, J. (2015). Burned by the system. Taipei Times. Retrieved from http://www.taipeitimes.com/News/feat/archives/2015/08/17/2003625533/2
Hsiao, A. (2015). Duration of stay for foreign workers extended. Taipei Times. Retrieved from http://www.taipeitimes.com/News/taiwan/archives/2015/09/19/2003628075
Hsiao, A. (2015). Legislature passes long-term care bill. Taipei Times. Retrieved from http://www.taipeitimes.com/News/taiwan/archives/2015/05/16/2003618405
Human Trafficking Prevention Act (2009). Ministry of the Interior, Republic of China. Retrieved from: http://www.moi.gov.tw/english/english_law/law_detail.aspx?sn=153
Kastner, J. (2014). Taiwan’s Desperate Migrant Mothers. The Diplomat. Retrieved from : http://thediplomat.com/2014/06/taiwans-desperate-migrant-mothers/
Labor Standards Act (1984). Ministry of Labor, Taiwan. Retrieved from: http://laws.mol.gov.tw/Eng/FLAW/FLAWDAT01.asp?lsid=FL014930
Lan, P. (2007). Legal Servitude and Free Illegality: Migrant ‘Guest’ Workers in Taiwan. Asian Diasporas: New Formations, New Conceptions. Eds. Rhacel S. Parreñas and Lok C. D. Siu. Stanford: Stanford UP, 2007. 253-277.
Lee, H., & Wu, L. (2016). Elected official convicted of sexually assaulting Indonesian worker. Focus Taiwan. Retrieved from: http://focustaiwan.tw/news/asoc/201601060013.aspx
Long-Term Care Services Act (2015). Retrieved from http://www.loc.gov/law/foreign-news/article/taiwan-long-term-care- legislation-adopted/
Martin, J. (2007). A Reasonable Balance of Law and Sentiment: Social Order in Democratic Taiwan from the Policeman`s Point of View. Law & Society Review, 41(3), 665-698. doi:10.1111/j.1540-5893.2007.00317.x
Ministry of Labor Taiwan (2015). Table 12-3 Foreign workers in productive industries and social welfare by nationality. Retrieved from http://statdb.mol.gov.tw/html/mon/c12030.htm
Robison, R. (1996). The politics of Asian Values. The Pacific Review, Vol. 9, No. 3, 1996:309-27.
Shu-Ju Ada, C. (2004). Contextual politics of difference in transnational care: the rhetoric of Filipina domestics` employers in Taiwan. Feminist Review, (77), 46-64.
Stanford Encylopedia of Philosophy (2011). Retrieved from: http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/social-norms/
Taipei Women’s Rescue Foundation (2014). Second NGO Report on the Implementation of the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW) in Taiwan 2014. Translated by Anthony Carlisle.
Taipei Times (2015). Ministry plans to address foreign caregiver wages. Retrieved from: http://www.taipeitimes.com/News/taiwan/archives/2015/06/18/2003620992
Tseng, Y., & Wang, H. (2013). Governing Migrant Workers at a Distance: Managing the Temporary Status of Guestworkers in Taiwan. International Migration, 51(4), 1-19. doi:10.1111/j.1468-2435.2010.00639.x
Weitseng, C., & Jimmy Chiashin, H. (2014). Horizontal Accountability in a Polarised New Democracy: The Case of Post-Democratisation Taiwan. Australian Journal Of Asian Law, 15(2), 1-9.
Wen, L. (2015). Minister grilled about caretakers. Taipei Times. Retrieved from http://www.taipeitimes.com/News/taiwan/archives/2015/03/13/2003613449
Wolfgram, A. (2012). I have it maid in Taiwan. Master’s Thesis NCCU.
Yang, Y. (2015). Hundreds of Indonesian Fishermen protest Broker agencies deducting accommodations fees. Liberty Times Net. Retrieved from: http://news.ltn.com.tw/news/local/paper/692074
Yang, Z. & Jiang, A., (2014). Managing corporate crisis in China: Sentiment, reason, and law. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bushor.2014.11.003
Yun-han, C., Diamond, L., & Doh Chull, S. (2001). HALTING PROGRESS IN KOREA AND TAIWAN. Journal Of Democracy, 12(1), 122.		zh_TW