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題名 電視犯罪新聞的第三人效果研究
作者 王浩然
貢獻者 羅文輝
王浩然
關鍵詞 第三人效果
支持限制媒介
電視犯罪新聞
犯罪受害恐懼感
日期 2001
上傳時間 15-Apr-2016 16:01:40 (UTC+8)
摘要 本研究的主要目的,在探討一般人對電視犯罪新聞的認知與態度,是否存在第三人效果(third-person effect),以及第三人效果是否會導致人們支持限制電視犯罪新聞。Davison在1983年提出的第三人效果假說指出,人們會傾向認為,媒介訊息對自己的影響比較小,對他人的影響比較大。當媒介訊息使人們產生第三人效果認知時,人們會採取對應行動,為了保護他人不受訊息的負面影響而支持限制媒介。本研究以問卷調查法,訪問大台北地區969位大學生,結果發現受訪大學生傾向認為,電視犯罪新聞對自己的負面影響比較小,對他人的負面影響比較大。其次,受訪大學生人認為電視犯罪新聞對他人的負面影響愈大,愈傾向支持限制電視犯罪新聞。
參考文獻 一、中文部分
     王文玲(1986)。《報紙法律新聞報導的研究──從犯罪新聞看報紙審判問題》。國立政治大學新聞研究所碩士論文。
     李佳玟(1998)。《犯罪,刑事政策與媒體》。國立台灣大學法律研究所碩士論文。
     李慧馨(1996)。《新聞辭彙與情緒關聯性之研究──以犯罪新聞為例》。國立政治大學新聞研究所博士論文。
     林少予(1998年2月12日)。〈李登輝不滿三台新聞順序〉,《中國時報》,第5版。
     邱逸華(1999)。《女性大學生犯罪被害恐懼感之研究:整合模式之實証分析》。國立中正大學犯罪防治研究所碩士論文。
     胡幼偉(1998)。《傳播訊息的第三者效果:理論探源與實証研究》。台北:五南出版社。
     胡幼偉,蔡炯青,謝佳珍(2000)。〈選舉民調:誰在意?誰相信?影響誰?〉,中華傳播學會年會,台北。
     陳炳宏(1988)。《我國報紙符號真實與客觀真實之分析與比較:以聯合報及中央日報之犯罪新聞報導為例》。國立政治大學新聞研究所碩士論文。
     張淑貞(1997)。《都市公園環境特質對使用者犯罪恐懼之影響──以中山公園、科博館綠地為例》。私立逢甲大學建築與都市計畫研究所碩士論文。
     張馨方(1997)。〈誰塑造了嗜血的社會:是嫌犯還是電視台〉,《新聞鏡》,頁40-43。
     游其昌(1998年2月12日)。〈尊重社會多元價值〉,《聯合報》,第3版。
     劉中城(1995)。《犯罪新聞報導:以犯罪人人權保障為研究中心》。國立台灣大學法律研究所碩士論文。
     劉幼琍(1997)。《多頻道電視與觀眾:九○年代的電視媒體與閱聽人收視行為研究》。台北:時英出版社。
     羅文輝(2000)。〈色情網站:使用頻率與第三人效果〉,中華傳播學會年會,台北。
     羅文輝(2000)。〈媒介負面內容與社會距離對第三人效果認知的影響〉,《新聞學研究》,第65期,頁95-129。
     《新聞鏡》(1997年6月1日)。〈電視節目暴、色嚴重,新聞報導太過煽情〉,第499期,頁48-49。
     《新聞鏡》(1997年6月1日)。〈師大大傳所公布收視意見調查,逾五成民眾認為電視新聞不適合兒童收看〉,第556期,頁24-25。
     二、英文部分
     Cohen, J., Mutz, D. C., Price, V., & Gunther, A. (1988). Perceived impact of defamation:An experiment on third-person effect. Public Opinion Quarterly, 52, 161-173.
     Chiricos,T., Eschholz, S., & Gertz, M. (1998). Crime, news and fear of crime. Perspective on making news and social problems, 295-315.
     Chapin, J. R. (2000). Third-person perception and optimistic bias among urban minority At-risk youth. Communication Research, 27, 51-81.
     Davison, W. P. (1983). The third-person effect in communication. Public Opinion Quarterly, 47. 1-13.
     Doob,A. N., & Macdonald G. E. (1979). Television viewing and fear of victimzation:Is the relationship causal? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 37, 170-179.
     David, P., & Johnson, M. A. (1998). The role of self in third person effects about body image. Journal of Communication, 48, 37-58.
     Fattah, E. A., & Sacco, F. (1990). Crime and victimization of the Elderly. New York:Spring-Verlag.
     Figgie, H. E. (1980). The Figgie Report on fear of crime:America Afraid. Part1:The general public. Willoughby, Ohio:A-T-O Inc.
     Gerbner, G., & Gross, L. (1976). Living with Television:The violence profile. Journal of Communication, 26, 173-199.
     Gerbner, G., Gross L., Morgan, J., & Signorielli,N. (1978). Cultural indicators:violence profile No.9. Journal of Communication , 28, 176-207.
     Gerbner, G., Gross L., Morgan, J., & Signorielli,N. (1980). The mainstreaming of America Violence profile Np.11. Journal of Communication, 30, 10-29.
     Garofalo, J. (1979). Victimization and the fear of crime. Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency, 16, 80-97.
     Gunter, B. (1987). Television and the fear of crime. London:John Libbey.
     Gunther, A., & Mundy, P. (1993). Biased optimism and the third-person effect. Journalism Quarterly, 70, 57-67.
     Gunther, A. (1995). Overrating the x-rating:The third-person perception and support for censorship of pornography. Journal of Communication, 45, 27-38.
     Gunther, A., & Ang, P. H. (1996). Public perceptions of television influence and opinions about censorship in Singapore. International Journal of Public Opinion Research, 8, 248-265.
     Hirsch, P. M. (1980). The Scary World of the nonviewer and other anpmalies. Communication Research, 7, 403-456.
     Heath, L. & Gilbert, K. (1996). Mass media and fear of crime. American Behavioral Scientist, 39, 379-386.
     Henriksen, L., & Flora, J. A. (1999). Third-person perception and children:Perceived impact of Pro- and Anti-smoking Ads. Communication Research, 26, 643-665.
     Hoffner, C., Buchanan, M., Anderson, J. D., Hubbs, L. A., Kamigaki, S. K., Kowalczyk, L.,Pastorek, A., Plotkin, R. S., Silberg, K. J.(1999). Support for censorship of television violence:the role of the Third-person effect and news exposure. Communication Research, 26, 726-742.
     LaGrange, R., Ferraro, K. F., & Supancic M.S. (1992). Perceived risk and fear of crime:Role of social and physical incilities. Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency, 29, 311-334.
     Lo, V. H., & Paddon, A. R. (1999, August). How sexual strategies theory, gender, and the third-person effect explain attitudes about pornography. Paper accepted for presentation at the annual convention of the Association for Journalism and Mass Communication, New Orleans, LA.
     Mutz, D. C. (1989). The influence of perceptions of media influence:Third-person effects and the publish expression of opinions. International Journal of Public Opinion Research, 1, 3-23.
     McLeod, D. M., Eveland, W. P., & Nathanson, A. I. (1997). Support for censorship of violent and misogynic rap lyrics:An analysis of the third-person effect. Communication Research, 24, 153-174.
     Ortega, S. T., & Myles, J. L. (1985). Race and gener effects on fear of crime:An interaction model with age. Criminology, 25, 133-152.
     Perloff, R. M. (1999). The Third-person effect:A critical Review and Synthesis. Media Psychology, 1, 353-378.
     Peiser, W., & Peter, J. (2000). Third-person perception of television-viewing behavior. Journal of Communication, 50, 25-45.
     Rucinski, D., & Salmon, C. T. (1990). The other as the vulnerable voter:A study of the third-person effect in the 1988 U.S. presidential campaign. International Journal of Public Opinion Research, 2, 345-368.
     Rojas, H., Shah, D. V., & Faber, R. J. (1996). For the good of others:Censorship and the third-person effect. International Journal of Public Opinion Research, 8, 163-186.
     Salwen, M. B. (1997). Perceptions of media influence and support for censorship:The Third-person effect in the 1996 presidential election. Communication Research, 25, 259-285.
     Salwen, M. B., & Driscoll, P. D. (1997). Consequences of third-person perception in support of press restrictions in the O.J. Simpson trial. Journal of Communication, 47:60-78.
     Salwen, M. B., & Dupagne, M. (1999). The third-person effect:Perceptions of the media`s influence and immoral consequences. Communication Research, 26, 523-549.
     Tyler, T. R. (1980). The impact of directly and indirectly experienced events:The origin of crime-related judgments and behaviors. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 39, 13-28.
     Tyler, T. R. (1984). Assessing the risk of crime victimization:The integration of personal victimization experience and socially-transmitted information. Journal of Social Issues, 40, 27-38.
     Tyler, T. R., & Cook, F. L. (1984). The mass media and judgments of risk:Distinguishing impact on personal and societal level judgments. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 47, 693-708.
     Tiedge, J. T., Silverblatt, A., Havice, M. J.,& Rosenfeld, R. (1991). Discrepancy between perceived first-person and perceived third-person mass media effects. Journalism Quarterly, 68, 141-154.
     Warr, M. (1984). Fear of victimization:Why are women and the elderly more afraid? Social Science Quarterly, 20, 681-702.
描述 碩士
國立政治大學
新聞學系
86451014
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#A2002001104
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 羅文輝zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 王浩然zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) 王浩然zh_TW
dc.date (日期) 2001en_US
dc.date.accessioned 15-Apr-2016 16:01:40 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 15-Apr-2016 16:01:40 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 15-Apr-2016 16:01:40 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) A2002001104en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/84915-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 新聞學系zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 86451014zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 本研究的主要目的,在探討一般人對電視犯罪新聞的認知與態度,是否存在第三人效果(third-person effect),以及第三人效果是否會導致人們支持限制電視犯罪新聞。Davison在1983年提出的第三人效果假說指出,人們會傾向認為,媒介訊息對自己的影響比較小,對他人的影響比較大。當媒介訊息使人們產生第三人效果認知時,人們會採取對應行動,為了保護他人不受訊息的負面影響而支持限制媒介。本研究以問卷調查法,訪問大台北地區969位大學生,結果發現受訪大學生傾向認為,電視犯罪新聞對自己的負面影響比較小,對他人的負面影響比較大。其次,受訪大學生人認為電視犯罪新聞對他人的負面影響愈大,愈傾向支持限制電視犯罪新聞。zh_TW
dc.description.tableofcontents 封面頁
     證明書
     致謝詞
     論文摘要
     目錄
     表目錄
     第一章 研究動機與目的
     第二章 文獻探討
     第一節 第三人效果
     第二節 第三人效果與支持限制暴力內容
     第三節 犯罪受害恐懼感、第三人效果與支持限制電視罪新聞
     第三章 研究方法
     第一節 抽樣方法及問卷調查
     第二節 研究變項
     第三節 正式訪問
     第四章 研究結果
     第一節 樣本結構及代表性
     第二節 初步資料分析
     第三節 假設驗証
     第五章 結論
     第一節 研究結果與討論
     第二節 研究貢獻
     第三節 研究限制
     第四節 對未來研究的建議
     參考書目
     附錄:問卷題目
zh_TW
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#A2002001104en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 第三人效果zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 支持限制媒介zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 電視犯罪新聞zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 犯罪受害恐懼感zh_TW
dc.title (題名) 電視犯罪新聞的第三人效果研究zh_TW
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen_US
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 一、中文部分
     王文玲(1986)。《報紙法律新聞報導的研究──從犯罪新聞看報紙審判問題》。國立政治大學新聞研究所碩士論文。
     李佳玟(1998)。《犯罪,刑事政策與媒體》。國立台灣大學法律研究所碩士論文。
     李慧馨(1996)。《新聞辭彙與情緒關聯性之研究──以犯罪新聞為例》。國立政治大學新聞研究所博士論文。
     林少予(1998年2月12日)。〈李登輝不滿三台新聞順序〉,《中國時報》,第5版。
     邱逸華(1999)。《女性大學生犯罪被害恐懼感之研究:整合模式之實証分析》。國立中正大學犯罪防治研究所碩士論文。
     胡幼偉(1998)。《傳播訊息的第三者效果:理論探源與實証研究》。台北:五南出版社。
     胡幼偉,蔡炯青,謝佳珍(2000)。〈選舉民調:誰在意?誰相信?影響誰?〉,中華傳播學會年會,台北。
     陳炳宏(1988)。《我國報紙符號真實與客觀真實之分析與比較:以聯合報及中央日報之犯罪新聞報導為例》。國立政治大學新聞研究所碩士論文。
     張淑貞(1997)。《都市公園環境特質對使用者犯罪恐懼之影響──以中山公園、科博館綠地為例》。私立逢甲大學建築與都市計畫研究所碩士論文。
     張馨方(1997)。〈誰塑造了嗜血的社會:是嫌犯還是電視台〉,《新聞鏡》,頁40-43。
     游其昌(1998年2月12日)。〈尊重社會多元價值〉,《聯合報》,第3版。
     劉中城(1995)。《犯罪新聞報導:以犯罪人人權保障為研究中心》。國立台灣大學法律研究所碩士論文。
     劉幼琍(1997)。《多頻道電視與觀眾:九○年代的電視媒體與閱聽人收視行為研究》。台北:時英出版社。
     羅文輝(2000)。〈色情網站:使用頻率與第三人效果〉,中華傳播學會年會,台北。
     羅文輝(2000)。〈媒介負面內容與社會距離對第三人效果認知的影響〉,《新聞學研究》,第65期,頁95-129。
     《新聞鏡》(1997年6月1日)。〈電視節目暴、色嚴重,新聞報導太過煽情〉,第499期,頁48-49。
     《新聞鏡》(1997年6月1日)。〈師大大傳所公布收視意見調查,逾五成民眾認為電視新聞不適合兒童收看〉,第556期,頁24-25。
     二、英文部分
     Cohen, J., Mutz, D. C., Price, V., & Gunther, A. (1988). Perceived impact of defamation:An experiment on third-person effect. Public Opinion Quarterly, 52, 161-173.
     Chiricos,T., Eschholz, S., & Gertz, M. (1998). Crime, news and fear of crime. Perspective on making news and social problems, 295-315.
     Chapin, J. R. (2000). Third-person perception and optimistic bias among urban minority At-risk youth. Communication Research, 27, 51-81.
     Davison, W. P. (1983). The third-person effect in communication. Public Opinion Quarterly, 47. 1-13.
     Doob,A. N., & Macdonald G. E. (1979). Television viewing and fear of victimzation:Is the relationship causal? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 37, 170-179.
     David, P., & Johnson, M. A. (1998). The role of self in third person effects about body image. Journal of Communication, 48, 37-58.
     Fattah, E. A., & Sacco, F. (1990). Crime and victimization of the Elderly. New York:Spring-Verlag.
     Figgie, H. E. (1980). The Figgie Report on fear of crime:America Afraid. Part1:The general public. Willoughby, Ohio:A-T-O Inc.
     Gerbner, G., & Gross, L. (1976). Living with Television:The violence profile. Journal of Communication, 26, 173-199.
     Gerbner, G., Gross L., Morgan, J., & Signorielli,N. (1978). Cultural indicators:violence profile No.9. Journal of Communication , 28, 176-207.
     Gerbner, G., Gross L., Morgan, J., & Signorielli,N. (1980). The mainstreaming of America Violence profile Np.11. Journal of Communication, 30, 10-29.
     Garofalo, J. (1979). Victimization and the fear of crime. Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency, 16, 80-97.
     Gunter, B. (1987). Television and the fear of crime. London:John Libbey.
     Gunther, A., & Mundy, P. (1993). Biased optimism and the third-person effect. Journalism Quarterly, 70, 57-67.
     Gunther, A. (1995). Overrating the x-rating:The third-person perception and support for censorship of pornography. Journal of Communication, 45, 27-38.
     Gunther, A., & Ang, P. H. (1996). Public perceptions of television influence and opinions about censorship in Singapore. International Journal of Public Opinion Research, 8, 248-265.
     Hirsch, P. M. (1980). The Scary World of the nonviewer and other anpmalies. Communication Research, 7, 403-456.
     Heath, L. & Gilbert, K. (1996). Mass media and fear of crime. American Behavioral Scientist, 39, 379-386.
     Henriksen, L., & Flora, J. A. (1999). Third-person perception and children:Perceived impact of Pro- and Anti-smoking Ads. Communication Research, 26, 643-665.
     Hoffner, C., Buchanan, M., Anderson, J. D., Hubbs, L. A., Kamigaki, S. K., Kowalczyk, L.,Pastorek, A., Plotkin, R. S., Silberg, K. J.(1999). Support for censorship of television violence:the role of the Third-person effect and news exposure. Communication Research, 26, 726-742.
     LaGrange, R., Ferraro, K. F., & Supancic M.S. (1992). Perceived risk and fear of crime:Role of social and physical incilities. Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency, 29, 311-334.
     Lo, V. H., & Paddon, A. R. (1999, August). How sexual strategies theory, gender, and the third-person effect explain attitudes about pornography. Paper accepted for presentation at the annual convention of the Association for Journalism and Mass Communication, New Orleans, LA.
     Mutz, D. C. (1989). The influence of perceptions of media influence:Third-person effects and the publish expression of opinions. International Journal of Public Opinion Research, 1, 3-23.
     McLeod, D. M., Eveland, W. P., & Nathanson, A. I. (1997). Support for censorship of violent and misogynic rap lyrics:An analysis of the third-person effect. Communication Research, 24, 153-174.
     Ortega, S. T., & Myles, J. L. (1985). Race and gener effects on fear of crime:An interaction model with age. Criminology, 25, 133-152.
     Perloff, R. M. (1999). The Third-person effect:A critical Review and Synthesis. Media Psychology, 1, 353-378.
     Peiser, W., & Peter, J. (2000). Third-person perception of television-viewing behavior. Journal of Communication, 50, 25-45.
     Rucinski, D., & Salmon, C. T. (1990). The other as the vulnerable voter:A study of the third-person effect in the 1988 U.S. presidential campaign. International Journal of Public Opinion Research, 2, 345-368.
     Rojas, H., Shah, D. V., & Faber, R. J. (1996). For the good of others:Censorship and the third-person effect. International Journal of Public Opinion Research, 8, 163-186.
     Salwen, M. B. (1997). Perceptions of media influence and support for censorship:The Third-person effect in the 1996 presidential election. Communication Research, 25, 259-285.
     Salwen, M. B., & Driscoll, P. D. (1997). Consequences of third-person perception in support of press restrictions in the O.J. Simpson trial. Journal of Communication, 47:60-78.
     Salwen, M. B., & Dupagne, M. (1999). The third-person effect:Perceptions of the media`s influence and immoral consequences. Communication Research, 26, 523-549.
     Tyler, T. R. (1980). The impact of directly and indirectly experienced events:The origin of crime-related judgments and behaviors. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 39, 13-28.
     Tyler, T. R. (1984). Assessing the risk of crime victimization:The integration of personal victimization experience and socially-transmitted information. Journal of Social Issues, 40, 27-38.
     Tyler, T. R., & Cook, F. L. (1984). The mass media and judgments of risk:Distinguishing impact on personal and societal level judgments. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 47, 693-708.
     Tiedge, J. T., Silverblatt, A., Havice, M. J.,& Rosenfeld, R. (1991). Discrepancy between perceived first-person and perceived third-person mass media effects. Journalism Quarterly, 68, 141-154.
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