學術產出-Theses
Article View/Open
Publication Export
-
題名 賦能策略應用於機關組織之研究
The Research of Empowerment Strategy Applied in Organization作者 林秀聰
Lin, Hsiou-Tsung貢獻者 吳瓊恩
Wu, Chyung-En
林秀聰
Lin, Hsiou-Tsung關鍵詞 賦能
授權
分享權力
疏離感
由組織所引發的無助感
使有能力
涉入
自我能力
Empowerment
Delegation
Power sharing
Alienation
Organizationally induced helplessness
Enable
Involvement
Self-efficacy日期 1998 上傳時間 22-Apr-2016 15:12:53 (UTC+8) 摘要 論文摘要
Empowerment is generally defined as enabling employees in the organizations to have more capability,vitality,and creativity,rather than given them necessary authority.It is also a process of transforming individuals(that is,employees in organization) full of sense of powerlessness into persons who have much more power of self-control and sense of task ownship.This ownship derives from employees` being able to take more responsibility for doing planning and making decisions after they are properly directed and motivated (that is,empowered) .Beside,empowerment is also a key to success in the process of reinventing government.The reason is that the nations` competiveness,in large part,hinges on government employees` potential,vitality,and creativity.This three important abilities,in turn,can be enhanced by effecting the empowerment strategy.參考文獻 一、中文部分 (一) 書籍 江岷欽 1993 《組織分析》,台北:五南圖書出版公司。 吳定、張潤書、陳德禹、賴維堯 1998 《行政學》(三),修訂版,台北,國立空中大學印行。 吳定 1991《組織發展理論與技術》,台北:天一圖書公司。 吳定 1991《增進個人工作效能之組織發展技術探討》,載於公共行政論叢,台北:天一圖書公司。 吳定、陳錦德、黃靖武等合譯 1985 《組織行為-管理的觀點》,台北:天一圖書公司。 吳英明編 1997 《政府再造》,高雄市政府公務人力發展中心編 印。 吳瓊恩 1996 《行政學》,台北:三民書局。 洪光遠譯 Gary A.Yukl著 1992 《組織領導》,台北,桂冠。 徐炳勳譯 1995 《全心以赴》,台北:天下文化出版股份有限公司。 徐聯恩譯(今井正明著) 1994 《KAIZEN 日本企業成成功的奧秘》。台北:長河出 版社。 張潤書 1998 《行政學》,台北,三民書局。 陳秋美譯,P. Graham 原著 1994 《統合管理革命》,台北:天下文化。 陳育美譯,Kenneth H.Blanchard著 1996 《灌能》,台北,哈佛管理叢書。 許士軍 1990 《管理學》,台北,台灣東華。 許是祥譯 1988 《目標管理制度》,台北,中華企管發展中心。 齊若蘭譯,Senge, Peter等原著 1995 《第五項條練II實踐篇(上、下)---共同學習新經驗》, 台北:天下文化出版股份有限公司。 劉毓玲譯﹐David Osbome & Ted Ggaebler著 1994 《新政府運動》﹐第一版第八次印行(台北市:天下 文化出版社)。 顏良恭 1994 《典範概念與公共行政理論--科學哲學的應用反省》,台 北:時英出版社。 蕭麗華譯 Scott &Jafe著 1993 《授權之道-建立有利的組織氣候》,台北,麥 田。 (二)學位論文、文集論文 吳柏誼著 1996 <多重文化組織之建構:多樣化管理之研究>﹐國 立政治大學公共行政研究所碩士論文。 施能傑著 1995 <政府組織變格的時代性-從機關組織結構彈 性化觀點探討省府組織再造>,台灣省政府組織 再造省政業務研討會專刊,頁1-31。 孫本初、呂育誠著 1996 <從分析單元論團隊的意義及其對公共管理之影 響>,國立政治大學學報(下冊),第七十三期。 孫本初、陳菁雯著 1997 <組織參與管理行為之研究>﹐中國人事行政學會 會刊。 孫本初著 1997 <活力的激發--MBO在行政機關中應用之研究 >,高雄市政府公教人力資源發展中心學術教育叢 書。 莫永榮著 1997 <行政機關實施再造工程之研究-美國「國家績 效評估報告」的啟示>,國立政治大學公共行政 研究所碩士論文。 楊華中 1992 <政策執行過程中權力資源與順服互動關係之探 討>。國立政治大學公共行政研究所碩士論文。 楊敏珊 1996 <基層公務人員組授能之研究-以台北縣鄉鎮 市公所工作意願之實際分析為例>,國立中興大 學公共政策研究所碩士論文。 詹志禹 1993 <多元化與教育的演化論基礎>,中國教育學會主 編:多元文化教育,台北:臺灣書店,頁71-100 。 鄭錫鍇 1997 <公共管理的緣起、發展與遠景>,研考雙月刊, 21卷,6期。 二、英文部分 (一) 書籍 Barharach, S. B. & Lawler, E. J. 1980 Power and Politics in Organizations. San Francisc: Jossey-Bass. Bass, B.M. 1990 Handbook of Leadership. New York:The Free Press. Bennis, W. & Nanus, B. 1985 Leaders. New York: Harper & Row. Blanchard, K. 1997 Navigating the Journey to Empowerment. New York:American Management Association. Blanchard, K.,Carlos, J.P.,&Randolph,A. 1996 Empowerment:Takes More Than a Minute.San Francisco:Berrett-Koehler Publishers. Block,P. 1987 The Empowered Manager.San Francisco,CA: Jossey- Bass. Bounds, G., Yorks, L., Adams, M.,&Ranney,G,. 1994 Beyond Total Quality Management: Toward the Emerging Paradigm. Singapore: McGraw-Hill Book Co. Burke, W. 1986 "Leadership as Empowering Others." In S. Srivastra (Ed.),Executive Power, San Francisco,CA: Jossey-Bass. PP.51-77. Burker, E. A. 1994 Taking Parts:Ingredients for Leadership, Participation ,and Empowerment,New York:Lanham Burns, F.& Nelson, L. 1995 High Performance Programming,Alexandria,VA: Mimeo. Byham, W. C. 1989 Zapp!The Lightning of Empowerment,San Diego,CA:Pfeiffer &Company. Byham, W. C. 1989 Zapp!The Lightning of Empowerment,(Revised Edition),New York:The Ballantine Publishing. Carnevale, A.& Stone, S. 1995 The America Mosaic. New York:McGraw-Hill. Covey, S. R. 1992 Principle-Centered Leadership. New York:Simon & Schuster. Cummings, T. &Worley,C . 1997 Organization Development&Change, 6th edition,Cincinnnnnati,Ohio:South-Western College Publishing. Daft﹐R. L. 1995 Organization Theory and Design, Fifth Edition. St Paul,MN:West Publishing Company. Denhardt, R. B. 1993 The Pursuit of Significance: Strategies for Managerial uccess in Public Organization. CA: Wadsworth Publishing. ----- 1995 Public Administration-an Action Orientation.2nd ed,USA,Wadsworth Publishing Company. Dauphinais, B.&Pederson, P. 1995 Better Change:Best Practices for Transforming Your Organization. New York:Irwin. Drucker, P. 1954 The Practice of Management.New York:Happer& and Row, Publishers. Etzioni, A. 1975 A Comparative Analysis of Complex Organization. New York:The Free Press. Fetterman, D. M.,Kaftarian,S.J.&Wandersman, A. 1996 Empowerment Evaluation:Knowledge and tools or self-Assessment& Accountability. CA:Sage. Federal Quality Institute. 1993 Criteria and Scoring Guidelines for the 1994 President`f Award for Quality. Washington, D.C: French, J. Jr. & Raven, B. 1959 "The Basis of Social Power." In D. Cartwright (Ed.), Studies in Social Power. University of Michigan, Institute for Social Research,PP. 150-167. French, W. L.& Bell,C.Jr. 1995 Organization Development Behavioral Science Intervention for Organization Improvement.New Jersey:Prentice-Hall,Inc. Golembiewski, R. T. 1993 Handbook of Organizational Consultationn. New York:Marcel Dekker. Golembiewski, R. T. 1995 Practical Public Management. New York:Marcel Dekker. Handler,J.F. 1996 Down From Bureaucracy:The Ambiguity and Empowerment .New Jersey:Princeton University Press. Howard, A.&Associates 1994 Diagnosis for Organizational Change.New York: The Guilford Press. Jaffe, D.,Scott, C.& Tobe, G. 1994 Rekindling Commitment:How to Revitalize Yourself,Your Work,and Your Organization.San Francusco:Jossey-Bass. Johnson, H. T. 1992 Relevance Regained:From Top-Down Control to Bottom-Up Empowerment,New York:The Free Press. Johnson, R. S. 1993 TQM: Leadership for the Quality Transformation, Wisconsin: ASQC Quality Press. Jones, S. Jones, R.S. 1996 Developing a Learning Culture: Empowerment people to deliver quality , innovation and long-term success.New York:McGran-Hill. Jun, J. S. 1976 Management by Objectives in Government:Theory and Practice.CA:Sage Publications,Inc. Jun, J. S. 1986 Public Administration:Design And Problem Solving. New York:MacMillan. Kanungo, R. N. 1992 Alienation and Empowerment:Some Ethical Imperatives in Business,Journal of Business Ethics 11 :pp.413-422. Kiefer, J. F.& Stroh, P. 1984 A New Paradigm for Developing Organization .Virginia:Miles River Press. Koehler, L. W.& Pankowski, J. M. 1996 Teams in Government--a Handbook for Team-based Organizations.Florida:St. Lucie Press,Inc. Lawler III, E. 1986 High Involvement Management.San Francisco:Jossey-Bass Levy, A. & Merry, U. 1986 Organizational Transformation:Approaches, Strategies,Theories.New York:Praeger Liden, R.C &Tewksbury T.W 1996 }Empowerment and Work Teams~.In Gerald R. Ferris,Sherman D. Rosen and Darold T. Barnum (eds),Handbook Of Human Resource Management, chapter.20, Cambridge: MA,Blackwell Publisher, 1996, pp.386-403 . Lipsky, M. 1980 Stree-Level Bureaucracy: Dilemmas of the Individual in Public Services. New York: Russell Sage Foundation. McClelland, D. C. 1975 Power: The Inner Experience. New York: Irvington Press. McGrath Jr Roger 1994 Organizationally Induced Helplessness:The Antithesis of Empowerment,Quality Progress/April.,pp.89-92. Mears, P.&Voehl, F. 1994 Team Building:A Structured Learning Approach.FL:St.Lucie Press. Morgan, C. & Murgatroyd, S. 1994 Total Quality Management in the Public Sectors: An International Perspective. Philadelphia:Open University Press. Neilsen, E. 1986 Empowerment strategies: Blancing Authority and Responsibility. In S.Srivastra (Ed.) Executive Power. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, PP. 78-110. Osborne, D.& Plastric, P. 1997 Banishing Bureaucracy-The Five Strategies for Reinventing Government. Al:University of Alabama. Parker, G. M. 1990 Team Players and Teamwork:The New Competitive Business Strategy.San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass Publishers. Pasmore, W.,&Woodman,R. 1997 Research in Organizational Change and Development.volume 10.Greenwich,CT:JAI Press INC. Peter, T.& Waterman, R. 1994 In Search of Excellence,New York:Harper &Row. Randolph﹐W. E .and Klcemeir R . W. 1951 Human Relation in Supervision,Leadership in Management,New York:McGraw-Hill Co. Reif, W. E .&Bassford, G. 1982 } What MBO Really Is?~,In Daniel Robey & Steven Altman (Eds.), Organization Development: Progress and Perspective.New York:MaCmillan Publishing Co.,Inc. Richard, S. W .,William, C.. B. &Jeanne, M. W. 1991 Empowered Team:Creating Self-Directed Work Groups That Improve Quality,Productivity,and Participation. San Francisco,CA:Jossey-Bass Inc. Romig, D. 1996 Breakthrough Teamwork:Outstanding Results Using Structured Teamwork. Chicago:Irwin. Schmidt, W. H. &Finnigan, J. P. 1993 TQManager: A Practical Guide for Managing in a Total Quality Organization. San Francisco: Jossey- Bass Publishers. Shafritz,J.M. &Russel, E.W. 1997 Handbook of Public Administration,chapter 7: Managerialism and Performance Management,Addison-Wesley Educational Publishers Inc.pp.289-292. Snyder, N. H., Dowd, Jr., James J.,& Houghton, D. M. 1994 Vision, Values, and Courage: Leadership for Quality Management.New York: The Free Press. Thomas, R. R. 1992 Managing Diversity: A Conceptual Framework. In S. E. Jackson & Associates(Eds).Diversity in the Workplace: Human Resources initiatives. New York:Guilford Prss,pp.306-317. Torres, c.&Spiegel, J. 1991 Self-Directed Work Teams:A Primer. San Diego ,CA:Pfeiffer&Company. Vogt, J. F. &. Murrell, K. L. 1990 Empowerment In Organization:How to Spark Exceptional Performance,San Diego,CA: Pfeiffer &Company. Vroman,H.W &Luchsinger,V. P. 1994 Managing Organization Quality,Richard D.Irwin ,Inc. Waterman,R. H. 1987 The Renewal Factor, New York, N. Y. : Bonterman Book. Weihrich, H. 1985 Management Excellence:Productivity Through MBO. New York:McGraw-Hill. Wellins, R., Byham, W. &Wilson, J. 1991 Empowered Team:Creating Self-Directed Work Groups That Improve Quality, Productivity,and Participation. San Francisco:Jossey-Bass Publishing. Whetten, D. A. & Cameron, K. S. 1984 Developing Management Skills, Glenview, ILL: Scott, Foresman. Zeithaml, V. A., Parasuraman, A., & Berry, L. L. 1990 Delivering Quality Service: Balancing Customer Perception and Expectations. New York : The Free Press. (二) 期刊 Allen﹐J. 1995 Empowerment,Management Accounting,February p:32 Andrews, G. 1994 Mistrust,the Hidden Obstacle to Empowerment, HRMmagazine (September),pp.66-70. Bandura, A. 1977 Self-Efficacy :Toward a Unifying Theory of Behavioral Change. Psychological Review, 84, PP. 191-215. Barner﹐R . 1994 Enablement:The Key to Empowerment﹐Training and Development Journal,(June),pp.33-36. Batten﹐J. 1995 Viewpoints,SAM Advanced Management Journal , Winter.pp.46-47. Boren﹐R. 1995 Don"t Delegate--Empower,Supervisory Management. 10, pp.15. Bowen, D.E.&Lawler 111,E.E. 1995 Empowerment Service Employees, Sloan Management Review/Summer.pp.73-83. Byham,W. C. 1990 Zapp!The Lightning of empowerment,Training, Vol.27,No.12,pp.47-56. Carr, C. 1994 "Empowered Organizations, Empowering Leaders." Training & Development Journal, March, PP. 39-44. Charles, R.McConnell 1995 Delegation versus empowerment:What,how,and is there a difference?Health Care Superv,14(1).69- 9. Aspen Publishers.Inc. Caudron, S. 1995 "Create an Empowerment Environment",The Resources Manager"s Resource, Personal journal.pp.29-31. Conger, J. A., & Kanungo, R. N. 1988 "The Empowerment Process; Integrating Theory and Practice." Academy of Management Review, 13(3), PP. 471-482. Conger﹐J. A. 1989 Leadership:The Art of Empowerment Others, The Academy of Management Executive, Vol.11,No.1,pp.17- 24. Cox, T. 1991 The Multicultural Organization﹐Academy of Managemnet Executive,Vo1.5,No.2.,pp.34-47. Crnmer﹐Pob. 1995 Level-headed About Empowerment. Hospital Material Management Quarterly, Vol . 16, No 4, PP.1-5. Drucker , P. 1976 } What Result Should You Expect ?A Users Guide to MBO~,Public Administration Review,36(1).12- 19. Edosomwan , J. A. 1992 Six Commandments To Empower Employees For Quality Improvement,Industrial Engineering, Jul ,vol.24,No 7,pp.14-15. Ehin , C. 1995 The Quest for Empowerment Organization:Some Lessons from Our Foraging Past,Organization Science/Vol.6,no.6,pp.666-671. Ford﹐R. C.& Fottler, M. D. 1995 Empowerment:A Matter of Degree,Academy of Management Executive,Vol.9 No.3 pp.21-31. Gibbs﹐J. 1995 Control Audit in an Age of Empowerment,Internal Auditor,December, p.14-15. Kandola, R.& Kandola, P. 1995 Managing Diversity:New Broom Or Old Hat? International Review of Industrial and Organizational Psychology,Vol.10,pp.131-167. Kanungo, R. N. 1992 Alienation and Empowerment:Some Ethical Imperatives in Business,Journal of Busi- ness Ethics 11 ,pp.413-422. Keller﹐T. & Dansereau﹐F. 1995 Leadership and Empowerment:A Social Exchange Perspective, Human Relations, Vol.48,No.2, PP.127- 144. Kenneth﹐T. & Velthouse﹐B. 1990 Cognitive Elements of Empowerment:An `interpretive`Model of Intrinsic Task Motivation, Academy of Management Review,Vol .15, No.4,pp.666-681. Koch ,R. &Godden ,I. 1997 Why Empowerment Is Unworkable. Across the Board,Vol.34nl.Jan pp.11-12. Kowal,D.C&Parsons R.J 1995 Empowerment is a must if re-engineering is your goal, journal for quality and participation .Jan/Feb .pp 74-76. Larry A.Mallak & Harold A.Kurstedt Jr 1996 Industrial Management ,Understanding and Using Empowerment to Change Organizational Culture ,Nov/Dec,pp.8-10. Martinko,M.J.&Gardner,W.L. 1982 }Learned Helplessness:An Alternative Explanation of Performance Deficits.~,Academy of Management Review,vol.7,1982,pp195-204. McConnel﹐C. R. 1995 Delegation versus Empowerment:What,how,and is there a difference?,Health Care Supervisor,Sep p.69-79. MICHAEL. A. Carter. 1995 Difference from Perception:Quit Empowering to me and Let me do my work.Supervison ,Sep pp.6-8. Montebello, A. R. & Buzzotta, V. R. 1993 Work Team That Work,Training & Development Journal ,Vo1.47,No.3.,pp.59-64. Munro, J. L. 1994 "The Myth of the Self-Implementing Policy: Reforming Police Management in Asian Context." Journal of Police Science, 24,PP. 29-32. Nelson,R.B 1994 Empowering Employees Through Delegation,Small business reports .Jane.pp. 56-58 . Pojidaeff﹐D. 1995 The Core Principles of participative Management, Journalfor Quality and Participation,December pp.44-47. ----- 1995 Participate management , Journal for Quality and Participation, pp.58-62. Ransom, J. W. 1994 Empowerment Leads to Competitive Success,National Productivity Review,vol.13.No.3.pp.10-16. Rodgers, R.&Hunter, J. 1992 } A Foundation of Good Management Practice in Government:Management by Objectives",Public Administration Review,52(1),pp.27-39。 Sirkin, H. L. 1993 The Employee Empowerment Scam, Training &Development Journal,vol.46,no.2. pp.11-12. Story﹐M. R. 1995 The Secrets of Successful Empowerment,National Productivity Review ,vol.14,no.5. pp.81-90. Swiss, J. E. 1992 Adapting Total Quality Management (TQM) to Government. Public Administration Review, 52(4).pp. 356-362. Thomas, R. R. 1990 From Affirmative Action to Affirming Diversity. Harvard Business Review, Mar/Apr,pp.107-117. Velthouse ﹐B. A. 1990 Creativity and Empowerment:A Complementary Relationship. Review of Business,(fall) pp.13-18 . 描述 碩士
國立政治大學
公共行政學系
84256023資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#B2002001279 資料類型 thesis dc.contributor.advisor 吳瓊恩 zh_TW dc.contributor.advisor Wu, Chyung-En en_US dc.contributor.author (Authors) 林秀聰 zh_TW dc.contributor.author (Authors) Lin, Hsiou-Tsung en_US dc.creator (作者) 林秀聰 zh_TW dc.creator (作者) Lin, Hsiou-Tsung en_US dc.date (日期) 1998 en_US dc.date.accessioned 22-Apr-2016 15:12:53 (UTC+8) - dc.date.available 22-Apr-2016 15:12:53 (UTC+8) - dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 22-Apr-2016 15:12:53 (UTC+8) - dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) B2002001279 en_US dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/86036 - dc.description (描述) 碩士 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 公共行政學系 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 84256023 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) 論文摘要 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) Empowerment is generally defined as enabling employees in the organizations to have more capability,vitality,and creativity,rather than given them necessary authority.It is also a process of transforming individuals(that is,employees in organization) full of sense of powerlessness into persons who have much more power of self-control and sense of task ownship.This ownship derives from employees` being able to take more responsibility for doing planning and making decisions after they are properly directed and motivated (that is,empowered) .Beside,empowerment is also a key to success in the process of reinventing government.The reason is that the nations` competiveness,in large part,hinges on government employees` potential,vitality,and creativity.This three important abilities,in turn,can be enhanced by effecting the empowerment strategy. en_US dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#B2002001279 en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) 賦能 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 授權 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 分享權力 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 疏離感 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 由組織所引發的無助感 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 使有能力 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 涉入 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 自我能力 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) Empowerment en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Delegation en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Power sharing en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Alienation en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Organizationally induced helplessness en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Enable en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Involvement en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Self-efficacy en_US dc.title (題名) 賦能策略應用於機關組織之研究 zh_TW dc.title (題名) The Research of Empowerment Strategy Applied in Organization en_US dc.type (資料類型) thesis en_US dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 一、中文部分 (一) 書籍 江岷欽 1993 《組織分析》,台北:五南圖書出版公司。 吳定、張潤書、陳德禹、賴維堯 1998 《行政學》(三),修訂版,台北,國立空中大學印行。 吳定 1991《組織發展理論與技術》,台北:天一圖書公司。 吳定 1991《增進個人工作效能之組織發展技術探討》,載於公共行政論叢,台北:天一圖書公司。 吳定、陳錦德、黃靖武等合譯 1985 《組織行為-管理的觀點》,台北:天一圖書公司。 吳英明編 1997 《政府再造》,高雄市政府公務人力發展中心編 印。 吳瓊恩 1996 《行政學》,台北:三民書局。 洪光遠譯 Gary A.Yukl著 1992 《組織領導》,台北,桂冠。 徐炳勳譯 1995 《全心以赴》,台北:天下文化出版股份有限公司。 徐聯恩譯(今井正明著) 1994 《KAIZEN 日本企業成成功的奧秘》。台北:長河出 版社。 張潤書 1998 《行政學》,台北,三民書局。 陳秋美譯,P. Graham 原著 1994 《統合管理革命》,台北:天下文化。 陳育美譯,Kenneth H.Blanchard著 1996 《灌能》,台北,哈佛管理叢書。 許士軍 1990 《管理學》,台北,台灣東華。 許是祥譯 1988 《目標管理制度》,台北,中華企管發展中心。 齊若蘭譯,Senge, Peter等原著 1995 《第五項條練II實踐篇(上、下)---共同學習新經驗》, 台北:天下文化出版股份有限公司。 劉毓玲譯﹐David Osbome & Ted Ggaebler著 1994 《新政府運動》﹐第一版第八次印行(台北市:天下 文化出版社)。 顏良恭 1994 《典範概念與公共行政理論--科學哲學的應用反省》,台 北:時英出版社。 蕭麗華譯 Scott &Jafe著 1993 《授權之道-建立有利的組織氣候》,台北,麥 田。 (二)學位論文、文集論文 吳柏誼著 1996 <多重文化組織之建構:多樣化管理之研究>﹐國 立政治大學公共行政研究所碩士論文。 施能傑著 1995 <政府組織變格的時代性-從機關組織結構彈 性化觀點探討省府組織再造>,台灣省政府組織 再造省政業務研討會專刊,頁1-31。 孫本初、呂育誠著 1996 <從分析單元論團隊的意義及其對公共管理之影 響>,國立政治大學學報(下冊),第七十三期。 孫本初、陳菁雯著 1997 <組織參與管理行為之研究>﹐中國人事行政學會 會刊。 孫本初著 1997 <活力的激發--MBO在行政機關中應用之研究 >,高雄市政府公教人力資源發展中心學術教育叢 書。 莫永榮著 1997 <行政機關實施再造工程之研究-美國「國家績 效評估報告」的啟示>,國立政治大學公共行政 研究所碩士論文。 楊華中 1992 <政策執行過程中權力資源與順服互動關係之探 討>。國立政治大學公共行政研究所碩士論文。 楊敏珊 1996 <基層公務人員組授能之研究-以台北縣鄉鎮 市公所工作意願之實際分析為例>,國立中興大 學公共政策研究所碩士論文。 詹志禹 1993 <多元化與教育的演化論基礎>,中國教育學會主 編:多元文化教育,台北:臺灣書店,頁71-100 。 鄭錫鍇 1997 <公共管理的緣起、發展與遠景>,研考雙月刊, 21卷,6期。 二、英文部分 (一) 書籍 Barharach, S. B. & Lawler, E. J. 1980 Power and Politics in Organizations. San Francisc: Jossey-Bass. Bass, B.M. 1990 Handbook of Leadership. New York:The Free Press. Bennis, W. & Nanus, B. 1985 Leaders. New York: Harper & Row. Blanchard, K. 1997 Navigating the Journey to Empowerment. New York:American Management Association. Blanchard, K.,Carlos, J.P.,&Randolph,A. 1996 Empowerment:Takes More Than a Minute.San Francisco:Berrett-Koehler Publishers. Block,P. 1987 The Empowered Manager.San Francisco,CA: Jossey- Bass. Bounds, G., Yorks, L., Adams, M.,&Ranney,G,. 1994 Beyond Total Quality Management: Toward the Emerging Paradigm. Singapore: McGraw-Hill Book Co. Burke, W. 1986 "Leadership as Empowering Others." In S. Srivastra (Ed.),Executive Power, San Francisco,CA: Jossey-Bass. PP.51-77. Burker, E. A. 1994 Taking Parts:Ingredients for Leadership, Participation ,and Empowerment,New York:Lanham Burns, F.& Nelson, L. 1995 High Performance Programming,Alexandria,VA: Mimeo. Byham, W. C. 1989 Zapp!The Lightning of Empowerment,San Diego,CA:Pfeiffer &Company. Byham, W. C. 1989 Zapp!The Lightning of Empowerment,(Revised Edition),New York:The Ballantine Publishing. Carnevale, A.& Stone, S. 1995 The America Mosaic. New York:McGraw-Hill. Covey, S. R. 1992 Principle-Centered Leadership. New York:Simon & Schuster. Cummings, T. &Worley,C . 1997 Organization Development&Change, 6th edition,Cincinnnnnati,Ohio:South-Western College Publishing. Daft﹐R. L. 1995 Organization Theory and Design, Fifth Edition. St Paul,MN:West Publishing Company. Denhardt, R. B. 1993 The Pursuit of Significance: Strategies for Managerial uccess in Public Organization. CA: Wadsworth Publishing. ----- 1995 Public Administration-an Action Orientation.2nd ed,USA,Wadsworth Publishing Company. Dauphinais, B.&Pederson, P. 1995 Better Change:Best Practices for Transforming Your Organization. New York:Irwin. Drucker, P. 1954 The Practice of Management.New York:Happer& and Row, Publishers. Etzioni, A. 1975 A Comparative Analysis of Complex Organization. New York:The Free Press. Fetterman, D. M.,Kaftarian,S.J.&Wandersman, A. 1996 Empowerment Evaluation:Knowledge and tools or self-Assessment& Accountability. CA:Sage. Federal Quality Institute. 1993 Criteria and Scoring Guidelines for the 1994 President`f Award for Quality. Washington, D.C: French, J. Jr. & Raven, B. 1959 "The Basis of Social Power." In D. Cartwright (Ed.), Studies in Social Power. University of Michigan, Institute for Social Research,PP. 150-167. French, W. L.& Bell,C.Jr. 1995 Organization Development Behavioral Science Intervention for Organization Improvement.New Jersey:Prentice-Hall,Inc. Golembiewski, R. T. 1993 Handbook of Organizational Consultationn. New York:Marcel Dekker. Golembiewski, R. T. 1995 Practical Public Management. New York:Marcel Dekker. Handler,J.F. 1996 Down From Bureaucracy:The Ambiguity and Empowerment .New Jersey:Princeton University Press. Howard, A.&Associates 1994 Diagnosis for Organizational Change.New York: The Guilford Press. Jaffe, D.,Scott, C.& Tobe, G. 1994 Rekindling Commitment:How to Revitalize Yourself,Your Work,and Your Organization.San Francusco:Jossey-Bass. Johnson, H. T. 1992 Relevance Regained:From Top-Down Control to Bottom-Up Empowerment,New York:The Free Press. Johnson, R. S. 1993 TQM: Leadership for the Quality Transformation, Wisconsin: ASQC Quality Press. Jones, S. Jones, R.S. 1996 Developing a Learning Culture: Empowerment people to deliver quality , innovation and long-term success.New York:McGran-Hill. Jun, J. S. 1976 Management by Objectives in Government:Theory and Practice.CA:Sage Publications,Inc. Jun, J. S. 1986 Public Administration:Design And Problem Solving. New York:MacMillan. Kanungo, R. N. 1992 Alienation and Empowerment:Some Ethical Imperatives in Business,Journal of Business Ethics 11 :pp.413-422. Kiefer, J. F.& Stroh, P. 1984 A New Paradigm for Developing Organization .Virginia:Miles River Press. Koehler, L. W.& Pankowski, J. M. 1996 Teams in Government--a Handbook for Team-based Organizations.Florida:St. Lucie Press,Inc. Lawler III, E. 1986 High Involvement Management.San Francisco:Jossey-Bass Levy, A. & Merry, U. 1986 Organizational Transformation:Approaches, Strategies,Theories.New York:Praeger Liden, R.C &Tewksbury T.W 1996 }Empowerment and Work Teams~.In Gerald R. Ferris,Sherman D. Rosen and Darold T. Barnum (eds),Handbook Of Human Resource Management, chapter.20, Cambridge: MA,Blackwell Publisher, 1996, pp.386-403 . Lipsky, M. 1980 Stree-Level Bureaucracy: Dilemmas of the Individual in Public Services. New York: Russell Sage Foundation. McClelland, D. C. 1975 Power: The Inner Experience. New York: Irvington Press. McGrath Jr Roger 1994 Organizationally Induced Helplessness:The Antithesis of Empowerment,Quality Progress/April.,pp.89-92. Mears, P.&Voehl, F. 1994 Team Building:A Structured Learning Approach.FL:St.Lucie Press. Morgan, C. & Murgatroyd, S. 1994 Total Quality Management in the Public Sectors: An International Perspective. Philadelphia:Open University Press. Neilsen, E. 1986 Empowerment strategies: Blancing Authority and Responsibility. In S.Srivastra (Ed.) Executive Power. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, PP. 78-110. Osborne, D.& Plastric, P. 1997 Banishing Bureaucracy-The Five Strategies for Reinventing Government. Al:University of Alabama. Parker, G. M. 1990 Team Players and Teamwork:The New Competitive Business Strategy.San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass Publishers. Pasmore, W.,&Woodman,R. 1997 Research in Organizational Change and Development.volume 10.Greenwich,CT:JAI Press INC. Peter, T.& Waterman, R. 1994 In Search of Excellence,New York:Harper &Row. Randolph﹐W. E .and Klcemeir R . W. 1951 Human Relation in Supervision,Leadership in Management,New York:McGraw-Hill Co. Reif, W. E .&Bassford, G. 1982 } What MBO Really Is?~,In Daniel Robey & Steven Altman (Eds.), Organization Development: Progress and Perspective.New York:MaCmillan Publishing Co.,Inc. Richard, S. W .,William, C.. B. &Jeanne, M. W. 1991 Empowered Team:Creating Self-Directed Work Groups That Improve Quality,Productivity,and Participation. San Francisco,CA:Jossey-Bass Inc. Romig, D. 1996 Breakthrough Teamwork:Outstanding Results Using Structured Teamwork. Chicago:Irwin. Schmidt, W. H. &Finnigan, J. P. 1993 TQManager: A Practical Guide for Managing in a Total Quality Organization. San Francisco: Jossey- Bass Publishers. Shafritz,J.M. &Russel, E.W. 1997 Handbook of Public Administration,chapter 7: Managerialism and Performance Management,Addison-Wesley Educational Publishers Inc.pp.289-292. Snyder, N. H., Dowd, Jr., James J.,& Houghton, D. M. 1994 Vision, Values, and Courage: Leadership for Quality Management.New York: The Free Press. Thomas, R. R. 1992 Managing Diversity: A Conceptual Framework. In S. E. Jackson & Associates(Eds).Diversity in the Workplace: Human Resources initiatives. New York:Guilford Prss,pp.306-317. Torres, c.&Spiegel, J. 1991 Self-Directed Work Teams:A Primer. San Diego ,CA:Pfeiffer&Company. Vogt, J. F. &. Murrell, K. L. 1990 Empowerment In Organization:How to Spark Exceptional Performance,San Diego,CA: Pfeiffer &Company. Vroman,H.W &Luchsinger,V. P. 1994 Managing Organization Quality,Richard D.Irwin ,Inc. Waterman,R. H. 1987 The Renewal Factor, New York, N. Y. : Bonterman Book. Weihrich, H. 1985 Management Excellence:Productivity Through MBO. New York:McGraw-Hill. Wellins, R., Byham, W. &Wilson, J. 1991 Empowered Team:Creating Self-Directed Work Groups That Improve Quality, Productivity,and Participation. San Francisco:Jossey-Bass Publishing. Whetten, D. A. & Cameron, K. S. 1984 Developing Management Skills, Glenview, ILL: Scott, Foresman. Zeithaml, V. A., Parasuraman, A., & Berry, L. L. 1990 Delivering Quality Service: Balancing Customer Perception and Expectations. New York : The Free Press. (二) 期刊 Allen﹐J. 1995 Empowerment,Management Accounting,February p:32 Andrews, G. 1994 Mistrust,the Hidden Obstacle to Empowerment, HRMmagazine (September),pp.66-70. Bandura, A. 1977 Self-Efficacy :Toward a Unifying Theory of Behavioral Change. Psychological Review, 84, PP. 191-215. Barner﹐R . 1994 Enablement:The Key to Empowerment﹐Training and Development Journal,(June),pp.33-36. Batten﹐J. 1995 Viewpoints,SAM Advanced Management Journal , Winter.pp.46-47. Boren﹐R. 1995 Don"t Delegate--Empower,Supervisory Management. 10, pp.15. Bowen, D.E.&Lawler 111,E.E. 1995 Empowerment Service Employees, Sloan Management Review/Summer.pp.73-83. Byham,W. C. 1990 Zapp!The Lightning of empowerment,Training, Vol.27,No.12,pp.47-56. Carr, C. 1994 "Empowered Organizations, Empowering Leaders." Training & Development Journal, March, PP. 39-44. Charles, R.McConnell 1995 Delegation versus empowerment:What,how,and is there a difference?Health Care Superv,14(1).69- 9. Aspen Publishers.Inc. Caudron, S. 1995 "Create an Empowerment Environment",The Resources Manager"s Resource, Personal journal.pp.29-31. Conger, J. A., & Kanungo, R. N. 1988 "The Empowerment Process; Integrating Theory and Practice." Academy of Management Review, 13(3), PP. 471-482. Conger﹐J. A. 1989 Leadership:The Art of Empowerment Others, The Academy of Management Executive, Vol.11,No.1,pp.17- 24. Cox, T. 1991 The Multicultural Organization﹐Academy of Managemnet Executive,Vo1.5,No.2.,pp.34-47. Crnmer﹐Pob. 1995 Level-headed About Empowerment. Hospital Material Management Quarterly, Vol . 16, No 4, PP.1-5. Drucker , P. 1976 } What Result Should You Expect ?A Users Guide to MBO~,Public Administration Review,36(1).12- 19. Edosomwan , J. A. 1992 Six Commandments To Empower Employees For Quality Improvement,Industrial Engineering, Jul ,vol.24,No 7,pp.14-15. Ehin , C. 1995 The Quest for Empowerment Organization:Some Lessons from Our Foraging Past,Organization Science/Vol.6,no.6,pp.666-671. Ford﹐R. C.& Fottler, M. D. 1995 Empowerment:A Matter of Degree,Academy of Management Executive,Vol.9 No.3 pp.21-31. Gibbs﹐J. 1995 Control Audit in an Age of Empowerment,Internal Auditor,December, p.14-15. Kandola, R.& Kandola, P. 1995 Managing Diversity:New Broom Or Old Hat? International Review of Industrial and Organizational Psychology,Vol.10,pp.131-167. Kanungo, R. N. 1992 Alienation and Empowerment:Some Ethical Imperatives in Business,Journal of Busi- ness Ethics 11 ,pp.413-422. Keller﹐T. & Dansereau﹐F. 1995 Leadership and Empowerment:A Social Exchange Perspective, Human Relations, Vol.48,No.2, PP.127- 144. Kenneth﹐T. & Velthouse﹐B. 1990 Cognitive Elements of Empowerment:An `interpretive`Model of Intrinsic Task Motivation, Academy of Management Review,Vol .15, No.4,pp.666-681. Koch ,R. &Godden ,I. 1997 Why Empowerment Is Unworkable. Across the Board,Vol.34nl.Jan pp.11-12. Kowal,D.C&Parsons R.J 1995 Empowerment is a must if re-engineering is your goal, journal for quality and participation .Jan/Feb .pp 74-76. Larry A.Mallak & Harold A.Kurstedt Jr 1996 Industrial Management ,Understanding and Using Empowerment to Change Organizational Culture ,Nov/Dec,pp.8-10. Martinko,M.J.&Gardner,W.L. 1982 }Learned Helplessness:An Alternative Explanation of Performance Deficits.~,Academy of Management Review,vol.7,1982,pp195-204. McConnel﹐C. R. 1995 Delegation versus Empowerment:What,how,and is there a difference?,Health Care Supervisor,Sep p.69-79. MICHAEL. A. Carter. 1995 Difference from Perception:Quit Empowering to me and Let me do my work.Supervison ,Sep pp.6-8. Montebello, A. R. & Buzzotta, V. R. 1993 Work Team That Work,Training & Development Journal ,Vo1.47,No.3.,pp.59-64. Munro, J. L. 1994 "The Myth of the Self-Implementing Policy: Reforming Police Management in Asian Context." Journal of Police Science, 24,PP. 29-32. Nelson,R.B 1994 Empowering Employees Through Delegation,Small business reports .Jane.pp. 56-58 . Pojidaeff﹐D. 1995 The Core Principles of participative Management, Journalfor Quality and Participation,December pp.44-47. ----- 1995 Participate management , Journal for Quality and Participation, pp.58-62. Ransom, J. W. 1994 Empowerment Leads to Competitive Success,National Productivity Review,vol.13.No.3.pp.10-16. Rodgers, R.&Hunter, J. 1992 } A Foundation of Good Management Practice in Government:Management by Objectives",Public Administration Review,52(1),pp.27-39。 Sirkin, H. L. 1993 The Employee Empowerment Scam, Training &Development Journal,vol.46,no.2. pp.11-12. Story﹐M. R. 1995 The Secrets of Successful Empowerment,National Productivity Review ,vol.14,no.5. pp.81-90. Swiss, J. E. 1992 Adapting Total Quality Management (TQM) to Government. Public Administration Review, 52(4).pp. 356-362. Thomas, R. R. 1990 From Affirmative Action to Affirming Diversity. Harvard Business Review, Mar/Apr,pp.107-117. Velthouse ﹐B. A. 1990 Creativity and Empowerment:A Complementary Relationship. Review of Business,(fall) pp.13-18 . zh_TW