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題名 瑪麗·吳爾史東克拉芙特(Mary Wollstonecraft,1759-1797)的兩性思想
Mary Wollstonecraft`s Mind of Both Genders - Masculine and Feminine作者 許慧琦
Hsu, Hui-Chi貢獻者 江金太
Ching, Chin-Tai
許慧琦
Hsu, Hui-Chi關鍵詞 瑪麗·吳爾史東克拉芙特
兩性思想
女權
女性主義
Mary Wollstonecraft
Male and female
Women`s right
Feminism日期 1995 上傳時間 28-四月-2016 15:18:02 (UTC+8) 摘要 本文旨在探討一位十八世紀中後期的英國女作家瑪麗?吳爾史東克拉芙特(Mary Wollstonecraft, 1759-1797，以下簡稱為瑪麗)，她對當時英國社會各種有關兩性不平等的互動關係反應在政治、社會、教育、哲學各方面的所見所思，其系統性的論述，其與同時期女性思潮的交流互動，以及其兩性思想對當代人們的啟發性影響。\r\n十八世紀的英國社會塑造出的女性行為標準，簡而言之，即為「端莊淑女」(the proper lady)，及由此一標準延伸出的各種行為規範，例如謙虛、忠貞、柔弱、順從、依賴。以往人們多從男性利益的角度來詮釋這些女性特質，而將之視為女性(應實踐)的美德；瑪麗卻從兩性平等對待、與人權的觀點切入，論證說明這些看似美好、實則帶有箝制性且不利於兩性的女性特質，正是阻礙女性開發理性、獲取知識、實踐美德的主因。而將這些人為的、不自然的女性特質加諸女性身上的父權體制與男性觀點，則是瑪麗所要質疑並挑戰的主要目標。\r\n瑪麗借重男性思想家揭櫫的理性思想，重新詮釋「人權」理念，使理性的主體包含兩性，使行使權利的對象擴及為兩性。她從家庭中父權至上的權力運作，論述到政治社會中男性獨佔公民權利與權力的不平等機制，並進一步提出具體而建設性的實踐改革之道。她主張由教育著手，根本改變人們的心態、思維、觀點、行為；此種教育制度必須由政府公家辦理，以避免以往家庭教育、私立學校與住宿學校產生的弊病。她並以身作則，力圖打破舊有的女性形象，重塑一健全而有利於兩性的女性形象。她更從功利性的角度出發，以此說服兩性為達良善社會的理想，共同努力改進。她明確指出社會欲有所改善，則女性首須獲得權利，才可能成為一個理性的人\r\n，一個有能力盡義務、享權利的公民。\r\n瑪麗的兩性思想建立於理性調節情感、情感推動理性的思想基礎上，以女性權利為改善兩性互動、改革社會的起點，以兩性互助互利為目標，以人人實踐美德、共臻良善社會為終點。其思想雖可大致包含於自由主義的女性主義思潮內，深入分析之，則其另具有烏托邦主義、及社會主義、激進主義的成份在內，可謂與其同時代女性思潮的先鋒，有其不可輕忽的貢獻。瑪麗的兩性思想對於兩個世紀後的當代人們，實仍具有許多啟發性與進一步詮釋與探究的價值。 參考文獻 中文方面\r\n王曾才，《西洋近世史》(台北:正中書局，民國七十八年，台三版)\r\n王逢振， 《女性主義》 (台北:揚智文化事業有限公司，一九九五年)\r\n江金太， 《歷史與政治》 (台北:桂冠圖書有限公司，一九八七年，再版)\r\n江金太， 《剖析法國大革命》 (台北:森大圖書公司，民國七十八年)\r\n米歇﹒傅柯(Michel Foucault) ，王德威譯， 《 知識的考掘》 (L `archeologie Du Savoir) (台北:麥田人文出版社，民國八十二年)\r\n米歇爾(A. Michel) ，張南星諱， 《女權主義》 (台北:遠流出版事業公司，一九八九年)\r\n宋美華， 《十八世紀英國文學一一諷刺詩與小說~ (台北:東大圖書有限公司，民國八十四年)\r\n李元貞， 《婦女開步走》 (台北;婦女新知基金會，民國七十九年，二版)\r\n呂秀蓮， 《新女性主義》 (台北:前衛出版社，一九九五年，四版)\r\n呂建忠、李興學編譯， 《近代西洋文學:新古典主義迄現代》 (臺北:書林出版有限公司，一九九0年)\r\n何春邈，《豪爽女人》(台北:皇冠，一九九四年〉\r\n克莉絲﹒維登(Chris Weedon) ，自曉紅譯， 《女性主義實踐與後結構主義理論》 (Feminist Practice & Poststructuralist 1加的;)(台北:桂冠圖書有限公司，一九九四年)\r\n約翰﹒格雷(John Gray) ，傅鐘、姚欣榮譯， 《 自由主義》 (Liberalism)(台北:桂冠圖書有限公司，一九九三年)\r\n約翰﹒杜恩、(John Dunn) ，李連江譯， 《洛克》 (Locke)(台北:聯經出版公司，民國七十九年)\r\n柯林烏(R. G. Collingwood) ，陳明福譯， 《歷史的理念》 (台北:桂冠圖書有限公司，民國七十六年，四版)\r\n洛克(John Locke) ，葉啟芳、擅菊農譯， 《 政府論次講》 (Second Treatise 0f Government)(台北唐山出版社，民國七十五年)\r\n柯崙泰(A1exandra Mikbailovna Kollontai)，《 新婦女論》 (香港:新苗出版社，一九九四年)\r\n盛寧， 《新歷史主義》 (台北:揚智文化事業有限公司，一九九五年)\r\n張小虹， 《 後現代/女人:權力、慾望與性別表演》 (台北:時報文化出版有限公司，一九九四年)\r\n張小虹，《性別越界:女性主義文學理論與批評》 (台北:聯合文學出版社，民國八十四年)\r\n張京媛主編， 《當代女性主義文學批評》 (北京:北京大學出版社，一九九二年)\r\n登特列夫(A. P.d`Entreves) ，李日章譯， 《 自然法:法律哲學導論》 (台北:聯經出版事業公司，民國八十一年)\r\n喬治﹒塞班(Geroge H. Sabine) ，李少軍、尚新建譯， 《西方政治思想史》 (台北:桂冠圖書有限公司，一九九二年)\r\n楊美惠， 《女性女性主義性革命》 (台北:合志文化事業股份有限公司，民國七十七年〉\r\n諾曼﹒漢普生(Norman Hampson) ，李豐斌譯， 《啟蒙運動》 (台北聯經出版公司，民國七十六年)\r\n羅伯特﹒尼斯貝(Robe口Nisbet) ，邱辛陣譯， (保守主義》 (Conservatism)(台北:桂冠圖書有限公司，一九九二年)\r\n英文方面\r\n一、Mary Wollstonecraf的著作\r\nWollstonecraft, Mary, Thoughts on the Education of Daughters: : with Reflection on Female Conduct in the more Important Duties of Life(London: Joseph JOMson, 1787)\r\nWollstonecraft, Mary, A Vindication of the Rights of Woman, ed. by Carole H. Poston (London: W. W. Norton & Company, 1975)\r\nJanet Todd, Marilyn Butler eds., The Works of Mary Wollstonecraft (London: idkering &Chattle Limited, 1989), Vol. I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII.\r\n二、前人或與Mary Wollstonecraf同時代人的著作，以及後世編輯成的文集\r\nAbrams M. H., ed., The Norton Anthology of English Literature CW. W. Norton & Company, Fifth Edition), Vol. I, Vol. II.\r\nBurke, Edmund, A Philosophical Enquiry into the Origin of our Ideas of the Sublime andBeautiful, ed. by James T. Boulton (London: Routledge and Kegan Paul Limited, 1958)\r\nBurke, Edmund, Reflections on the Revolution In France, and on the Proceedings in certain societies in London relative to that Event, ed. by Conor Cruise O`brien (Harmondsworth:Penguin Books Ltd., 1969)\r\nFergusoo,Moira ed.,First Feminists: British Women Writers 1578-1799 (NewYork:Indiana University Press, 1985)\r\nGodwin, William, Memoirs of the Author of \"A Vindication of the Rights of Woman\" (London: Joseph Johnson, 1798)\r\nLocke, John, Two Treatises of Government, ed. by Peter Laslett (New York: the University of Cambridge, 1988)\r\nPrice, Richard, Observations on the Nature of Civil Society, The Principles of Government, and the Justice and Policy of the War with America (London: T. Cadell, 1776 )\r\nPriestley, Joseph, A Continuation of the Letters to the Philosophers and Politicians of France, on the Subject of Relig;on, and of the Letters to a Philosophical Unbeliever,` In Answer to Mr. Paine`s Age of Reason (New York: Kraus Reprint Co., 1971)\r\nRousseau, Jean Jacques, Emile,` or, Education, translated by Barbara Foxley, M. A. (London: 1. M. Dent & Sons, Ltd., 1911)\r\nTodd, Janet ed., A Wollstonecraft Anthology (UK: Polity Press, 1977)\r\n三、有關Mary Wollstonecraf的二手相關著作\r\nAbrams, M. H., A GlossOry of LiteraJY Terms (New Yark: Holt, Rinehart and Winston,Fourth Edition, 1981)\r\nAlexander, Meena, Women In Romanticism: Mary Wollstonecraft, Dorothy Wordsworth and Mary Shelley (London: Macmillan Education Ltd., 1989)\r\nBenstock, Shari ed., The Private Self Theory and Practices of Women`s Autobiographical Writings (London: Routledge, Chapman & Hall, 1988)\r\nBloom, Harold ed., John Milton`s Paradise Lost (New York: Chelseu House Publishers,1986)\r\nBloom, Harold ed., Romanticism and Consciousness (New York: W. W. Norton & Company, 1970)\r\nBottomore, Tom ed., A Dictionary of Marxist T710ught (Oxford: Basil Blackwell Ltd, 1983)\r\nBouchier, David, The Feminist Challenge: The Movement for Women`s Liberation in Britain and the USA (London: The Macmillan Press Ltd., 1983)\r\nBouten, Jacob, Mmy Wollstonecraft and the Beginnings of Female Emancipation in France and England (Pennsylvania: Porcupine Press, Inc., 1975)\r\nBridenthal, Renate & Koonz, Claudia & Stuard, Susan eds., Becoming Visible: Women in European History (Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, Second Edition, 1987)\r\nBrowne, Alice, The Eighteenth Century Feminist Mind (Detroit: Wayne State University Press, 1987)\r\nClair, William St., The Godwins and the Shelleys: The biography of a family (New York:W. W. Norton & Company, 1989)\r\nConger, Syndy McMillen eds., Sensibility in Transformation: Creative Resistance to Sentiment from the Augustans to the Romantics (London: Associated University Press,Inc., 1990)\r\nCoole, Diana, Women In Political TheOry: From Ancient Misogyny to Contemporary Feminism (London: Harvester Wollstonecraf, 1993)\r\nDay, Martin S., History of English Literature 1660-1837 (New York: Doubleday & Company, Inc., 1963)\r\nDeane, Phyllis, The First Industrial Revolution (New York: Cambridge University Press,1965)\r\nDickinson, H. T., Liberty and Property: Political Ideology in f,ighteenth-Centwy Britain( New York: Holmes and Publishers, Inc., 1977)\r\nEisenstein, Zillah R., The Radical Future of Liberal Feminism (Boston: Northeastern University Press, 1993)\r\nElton, Geoffrey, The English (Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishers, 1992)\r\nEvans, Judith & Hills, Jill & Hunt Karen, Feminism and Political Theory (California: SAGE Publications Inc., 1986)\r\nEverest, Kelvin ed., Revolution in Writing: British literalY responses to the French Revolution (Philadelphia: Open University Press, 1991)\r\nEzell, Margaret 1. M., Writing Women`s Litermy History (London: The Johns Hopkins University Press Ltd., 1993)\r\nFerguson, Moira, Colonialism and Gerder Relations from Mary Wollston e craft to Jamaica Kincaid (New York: Columbia University Press, 1993)\r\nFerguson, Moira & Todd, Janet, Mmy Wollstonecraft (Boston G. K.,Hall & Company, 1984)\r\nFiges, Eva, Sex and Subterfuge (London: The Macmillan Press Ltd., 1982)\r\nFoucault, Michel, 771e History of Sexuality,` Volume 1: An Introduction, translated from French by Robert Hurley (New York: Random House, Inc., Vintage Books Edition,1990)\r\nFowler, Roger ed., A Dictionwy of Modern Critical Terms (New York: Rouledge & Kegan Paul Ltd., Revised Edition, 1987)\r\nFox-Genovese, Elizabeth, Feminism Without Illusions: A Critique of Individualism (Chapel Hill: The University of North Carolina Press, 1991)\r\nFranzer, Elizabeth & Hornsby, Jennifer & Lovibond, Sabina eds., Ethics: Feminist Reader (Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishers, 1992)\r\nFriedan, Betty, Feminine Mystique (New York: W. W. Norton & Company, 1983)\r\nGatens, Moira, (\"T71e Oppressed State of My Sex\": Mwy Wollstonecraft on Reason, Feeling, and Equality) , in Shanley, Mary Lyndon & Pateman, Carole eds., Feminist Interpretations and Political TheOry (Oxford: Basil Blackwell, Ltd., 1991), pp. 112-129.\r\nGatens, Moira, Feminism and Philosophy: Perspectives on Difference and Equality (Oxford: Basil Blackwell Ltd., 1991)\r\nGreen, Katherine Sobba, T71e Courtship Novel 1740-1820: A Feminized Genre (The University Press of Kentucky, 1991)\r\nGriffiths, Morwenna & Shitford Margaret eds., Feminist Perspectives in Philosophy (London: The Macmillan Press Ltd., 1988)\r\nGrimshaw, Jean, Feminist Philosophers: Women`s Perspectives on Philosophical Traditions (Sussex: Wheatsheaf Books, 1986)\r\nGunew, Senja ed., Feminism Knowledge: Critique and Constntct (London: Rouledge, 1990)\r\nHanley, Keith & Selden, Raman eds., Revolution and English Romanticism: Politics andRhetoric( New York: St. Martin`s Press, Inc., 1990)\r\nHudson, Nicholas, Samuel Johnson and Eighteenth-century 1710Ught (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1988)\r\nHudson, Pat, The Industrial Revolution (New York: Routledge, Chapman and Hall, Inc.,1992)\r\nJohnson, Claudia L., Equivocal Beings: Politics, Gender, and Sentimentality in the 17905 Wollstonecraft, Radcliffe, Burney, Austen (Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1995)\r\nJones, Chris, Radical Sensibility: Literature and Ideas In the 17905 (New York: Routledge Inc., 1993)\r\nJump, Harriet Devine, Mwy Wollstonecraft: ]iVrite,. (New York:Harvester Wheatsheaf,1994)\r\nKauffman, Linda ed., Gender and Theory.\" Dialogues on Feminist Criticism (Oxford: Basil Blackwell Ltd., 1989)\r\nKelly, Gary, Women, Writing, and Revolution 1790-1827 (New York: Oxford Press Inc.,1993)\r\nKelly, Gary, Revolutionary Feminism: The Mind and Career of Mary Wollstonecraft (London: Macmillan Ltd., 1992)\r\nLandes,Joan B., Women and the Public Sphere in the Age of the French Revolution (London: Cornell University Press, 1988)\r\nLaqueur, Thomas, Making Sex: Body and Gender from the Greeks to Freud (Cambridge:Harvard University Press, 1990)\r\nLewis, Janes, Women in England 1870-1950: Sex Divisions and Social Change (Sussex:Wheatsheaf Books Ltd, 1984)\r\nLorch, Jennifer, Mary Wollstonecraft: flle Making of a Radical Feminist (New York: Berg Publishers Limited, 1990)\r\nLovell, Terry ed., British Feminist Thought: A Reader (Massachusetts:Basil Blackwell,Inc., 1990)\r\nLundberg, Ferdinand & Farnham, Marynia F., Modern Woman: The Lost Sex (London:Harper & Row, Publishers, Inc., 1947)\r\nLynne, Agress, The Feminine Irony: Women on Women in Early Nineteenth-Century English Literature (New Jersey: Associated University Presses, Inc., 1978)\r\nMcKeon, Michael, The Origins of the English Novel 1600-1740 (Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins Press Ltd., 1987)\r\nMellor, Anne K. ed., Romanticism and Feminism (Bloomington: Indiana University Press,1988)\r\nMishra, Vijay, The Gothic Sublime (New York: State University of New York Press, 1994) Mitchell, Juliet, Women: the Longest Revolution: Essays on Feminism, Literature and Psychoanalysis( London: Virago Press Limited, 1984)\r\nMitchell, Juliet & Oakley, Ann eds., What is feminism ? (Oxford: Basil Blackwell Ltd.,1986)\r\nMurphy, Francis & Parker, Hershel eds., fl1e Norton Anthology of American Literature (New York: W. W. Norton & Company, Inc., Second Edition, 1985)\r\nMyers, Sylvia Harcstark, The Bluestocking Circle: Women, Friendship, and the Life of the Mind in Eighteenth-Centwy England (New York: Oxford University Press, 1990)\r\nNye, Andrea, Femnisit Theory and the Philosophies of Man (New York: Routledge, Chapman and Hall Inc., 1988)\r\nPoovey, Mary, flle Proper Lady and the Woman Writer, Ideology as Style in the Works of Mary Wollstonecraft, Mary Shelley, and Jane Austen (London: The University of Chicago Press, Ltd., 1984)\r\nPrickett, Stephen, England and the French Revolution (London: Macmillan Education Ltd., 1989)\r\nRendall, Jane, The Origins of Modern Feminism: Women in Britain, France and the United States: 1780-1860 (London: Macmillan Publishers Ltd., 1985)\r\nRich, Adrienne, Of Woman Born: Motherhood as Experience and Institution (New York:W. W. Norton & Company, Tenth Anniversary Edition, 1986)\r\nRogers, Katharine M., Feminism in Eighteellth-CentUly England (Sussex:The Harvester Press Limited, 1982)\r\nRossi, Alice S. ed., The Feminist Papers: From Adams to de Beauvoir (Boston: Northeastern Univesity Press, 1988)\r\nSapiro, Virginia, A Vindication of Political Virtue: The Political Theory of MaJY Wollstonecrajt (London: The University Of Chicago Press Ltd., 1992)\r\nSayers, Sean & Osborne, Peter eds., Socialism, Feminism and Philosophy (New York: Routledge, 1990)\r\nShari, Benstock ed., The Private Self: TheOry and Practice of Women`s Autobiographical Writings (London: Routledge, Chapman and Hall, 1988)\r\nSpacks, Patricia Meyer, Desire and Truth: Functions of Plot in Eighteenth-Century English Novels (Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1991)\r\nStraub, Kristina, Divided Fictions: Fanny Burney and Feminist Strategy (Kentucky: The University of Kentucky, 1987)\r\nTayolr, G. R. Stirling, Mary Wollstonecraft: A Study Economics and Romance (New York: Haskell House Publishers Ltd., 1969)\r\nTomalin, Claire, The Life and Death of Mary Wollstonecrajt (New York: Penguin Books Ltd., 1974)\r\nTong, Rosemarie, Feminist Thought (Westview Press, Inc., 1989)\r\nWaithe, Mary Ellen ed., A History of Women Philosophers, Vo!.3 Modern Women Philosophers, 1600-1900 (London: Kluwer Academic Publishers)\r\nWare, Vron, Beyond the Pale: White Women, Rasim and History (New York: Verso, 1992)\r\nWilliams, Merryn, Women in the English Novel: 1800-1900 (London: The Macmillan Press Ltd., 1984) \r\nWright, Elizabeth ed, Feminism And Psychoanalysis: A Critical DictiollaJY (USA: Basil Blackwell Ltd., 1992)\r\nWright, Walter Francis, Sensibility In Englisn Prose Fiction 1760-1814 : A Reinterpretation (New York: Russell &Russell, 1972)\r\nYaeger, Patricia, Honey-Mad T-flomen: EmancipatOry Strategies in Women`s Writing( New York: Columbia University Press, 1988) 描述 博士
國立政治大學
歷史學系
82153003資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#B2002002885 資料類型 thesis dc.contributor.advisor 江金太 zh_TW dc.contributor.advisor Ching, Chin-Tai en_US dc.contributor.author (作者) 許慧琦 zh_TW dc.contributor.author (作者) Hsu, Hui-Chi en_US dc.creator (作者) 許慧琦 zh_TW dc.creator (作者) Hsu, Hui-Chi en_US dc.date (日期) 1995 en_US dc.date.accessioned 28-四月-2016 15:18:02 (UTC+8) - dc.date.available 28-四月-2016 15:18:02 (UTC+8) - dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 28-四月-2016 15:18:02 (UTC+8) - dc.identifier (其他 識別碼) B2002002885 en_US dc.identifier.uri (URI) https://ah.lib.nccu.edu.tw/item?item_id=99393 - dc.description (描述) 博士 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 歷史學系 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 82153003 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) 本文旨在探討一位十八世紀中後期的英國女作家瑪麗?吳爾史東克拉芙特(Mary Wollstonecraft, 1759-1797，以下簡稱為瑪麗)，她對當時英國社會各種有關兩性不平等的互動關係反應在政治、社會、教育、哲學各方面的所見所思，其系統性的論述，其與同時期女性思潮的交流互動，以及其兩性思想對當代人們的啟發性影響。\r\n十八世紀的英國社會塑造出的女性行為標準，簡而言之，即為「端莊淑女」(the proper lady)，及由此一標準延伸出的各種行為規範，例如謙虛、忠貞、柔弱、順從、依賴。以往人們多從男性利益的角度來詮釋這些女性特質，而將之視為女性(應實踐)的美德；瑪麗卻從兩性平等對待、與人權的觀點切入，論證說明這些看似美好、實則帶有箝制性且不利於兩性的女性特質，正是阻礙女性開發理性、獲取知識、實踐美德的主因。而將這些人為的、不自然的女性特質加諸女性身上的父權體制與男性觀點，則是瑪麗所要質疑並挑戰的主要目標。\r\n瑪麗借重男性思想家揭櫫的理性思想，重新詮釋「人權」理念，使理性的主體包含兩性，使行使權利的對象擴及為兩性。她從家庭中父權至上的權力運作，論述到政治社會中男性獨佔公民權利與權力的不平等機制，並進一步提出具體而建設性的實踐改革之道。她主張由教育著手，根本改變人們的心態、思維、觀點、行為；此種教育制度必須由政府公家辦理，以避免以往家庭教育、私立學校與住宿學校產生的弊病。她並以身作則，力圖打破舊有的女性形象，重塑一健全而有利於兩性的女性形象。她更從功利性的角度出發，以此說服兩性為達良善社會的理想，共同努力改進。她明確指出社會欲有所改善，則女性首須獲得權利，才可能成為一個理性的人\r\n，一個有能力盡義務、享權利的公民。\r\n瑪麗的兩性思想建立於理性調節情感、情感推動理性的思想基礎上，以女性權利為改善兩性互動、改革社會的起點，以兩性互助互利為目標，以人人實踐美德、共臻良善社會為終點。其思想雖可大致包含於自由主義的女性主義思潮內，深入分析之，則其另具有烏托邦主義、及社會主義、激進主義的成份在內，可謂與其同時代女性思潮的先鋒，有其不可輕忽的貢獻。瑪麗的兩性思想對於兩個世紀後的當代人們，實仍具有許多啟發性與進一步詮釋與探究的價值。 zh_TW dc.description.tableofcontents 緒論..........1\r\n第一章走出傳統女性形象-瑪麗的女性意識之形成與發展..........10\r\n第一節來自家庭的反省..........10\r\n第二節走入社會、嘗試創作..........18\r\n第三節法國大革命的衝擊與思想的深化..........27\r\n第四節情感生活的激盪..........32\r\n第二章瑪麗挑戰男性觀點的女權論述..........42\r\n第一節擴大理性的主體..........42\r\n第二節質疑傳統兩性觀..........49\r\n第三節家庭中的女性地位..........61\r\n第四節獨立平等的權利意識..........67\r\n第三章瑪麗的兩性思想之主張與實踐..........73\r\n第一節推動國民教育..........73\r\n第二節重塑女性形象..........81\r\n第三節兩性互助互利的訴求..........91\r\n第四章瑪麗的兩性思想與當時女性思潮的互動..........101\r\n第一節文學作品中的女性意識..........101\r\n第二節法國大革命早期的女權解放觀..........116\r\n第三節浪漫主義的初期發軔..........126\r\n結論..........137\r\n參考書目..........146\r\n附錄：瑪麗‧吳爾史東克拉芙特著作年表 zh_TW dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#B2002002885 en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) 瑪麗·吳爾史東克拉芙特 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 兩性思想 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 女權 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 女性主義 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) Mary Wollstonecraft en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Male and female en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Women`s right en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Feminism en_US dc.title (題名) 瑪麗·吳爾史東克拉芙特(Mary Wollstonecraft,1759-1797)的兩性思想 zh_TW dc.title (題名) Mary Wollstonecraft`s Mind of Both Genders - Masculine and Feminine en_US dc.type (資料類型) thesis en_US dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 中文方面\r\n王曾才，《西洋近世史》(台北:正中書局，民國七十八年，台三版)\r\n王逢振， 《女性主義》 (台北:揚智文化事業有限公司，一九九五年)\r\n江金太， 《歷史與政治》 (台北:桂冠圖書有限公司，一九八七年，再版)\r\n江金太， 《剖析法國大革命》 (台北:森大圖書公司，民國七十八年)\r\n米歇﹒傅柯(Michel Foucault) ，王德威譯， 《 知識的考掘》 (L `archeologie Du Savoir) (台北:麥田人文出版社，民國八十二年)\r\n米歇爾(A. Michel) ，張南星諱， 《女權主義》 (台北:遠流出版事業公司，一九八九年)\r\n宋美華， 《十八世紀英國文學一一諷刺詩與小說~ (台北:東大圖書有限公司，民國八十四年)\r\n李元貞， 《婦女開步走》 (台北;婦女新知基金會，民國七十九年，二版)\r\n呂秀蓮， 《新女性主義》 (台北:前衛出版社，一九九五年，四版)\r\n呂建忠、李興學編譯， 《近代西洋文學:新古典主義迄現代》 (臺北:書林出版有限公司，一九九0年)\r\n何春邈，《豪爽女人》(台北:皇冠，一九九四年〉\r\n克莉絲﹒維登(Chris Weedon) ，自曉紅譯， 《女性主義實踐與後結構主義理論》 (Feminist Practice & Poststructuralist 1加的;)(台北:桂冠圖書有限公司，一九九四年)\r\n約翰﹒格雷(John Gray) ，傅鐘、姚欣榮譯， 《 自由主義》 (Liberalism)(台北:桂冠圖書有限公司，一九九三年)\r\n約翰﹒杜恩、(John Dunn) ，李連江譯， 《洛克》 (Locke)(台北:聯經出版公司，民國七十九年)\r\n柯林烏(R. G. Collingwood) ，陳明福譯， 《歷史的理念》 (台北:桂冠圖書有限公司，民國七十六年，四版)\r\n洛克(John Locke) ，葉啟芳、擅菊農譯， 《 政府論次講》 (Second Treatise 0f Government)(台北唐山出版社，民國七十五年)\r\n柯崙泰(A1exandra Mikbailovna Kollontai)，《 新婦女論》 (香港:新苗出版社，一九九四年)\r\n盛寧， 《新歷史主義》 (台北:揚智文化事業有限公司，一九九五年)\r\n張小虹， 《 後現代/女人:權力、慾望與性別表演》 (台北:時報文化出版有限公司，一九九四年)\r\n張小虹，《性別越界:女性主義文學理論與批評》 (台北:聯合文學出版社，民國八十四年)\r\n張京媛主編， 《當代女性主義文學批評》 (北京:北京大學出版社，一九九二年)\r\n登特列夫(A. P.d`Entreves) ，李日章譯， 《 自然法:法律哲學導論》 (台北:聯經出版事業公司，民國八十一年)\r\n喬治﹒塞班(Geroge H. Sabine) ，李少軍、尚新建譯， 《西方政治思想史》 (台北:桂冠圖書有限公司，一九九二年)\r\n楊美惠， 《女性女性主義性革命》 (台北:合志文化事業股份有限公司，民國七十七年〉\r\n諾曼﹒漢普生(Norman Hampson) ，李豐斌譯， 《啟蒙運動》 (台北聯經出版公司，民國七十六年)\r\n羅伯特﹒尼斯貝(Robe口Nisbet) ，邱辛陣譯， (保守主義》 (Conservatism)(台北:桂冠圖書有限公司，一九九二年)\r\n英文方面\r\n一、Mary Wollstonecraf的著作\r\nWollstonecraft, Mary, Thoughts on the Education of Daughters: : with Reflection on Female Conduct in the more Important Duties of Life(London: Joseph JOMson, 1787)\r\nWollstonecraft, Mary, A Vindication of the Rights of Woman, ed. by Carole H. Poston (London: W. W. Norton & Company, 1975)\r\nJanet Todd, Marilyn Butler eds., The Works of Mary Wollstonecraft (London: idkering &Chattle Limited, 1989), Vol. I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII.\r\n二、前人或與Mary Wollstonecraf同時代人的著作，以及後世編輯成的文集\r\nAbrams M. H., ed., The Norton Anthology of English Literature CW. W. Norton & Company, Fifth Edition), Vol. I, Vol. II.\r\nBurke, Edmund, A Philosophical Enquiry into the Origin of our Ideas of the Sublime andBeautiful, ed. by James T. Boulton (London: Routledge and Kegan Paul Limited, 1958)\r\nBurke, Edmund, Reflections on the Revolution In France, and on the Proceedings in certain societies in London relative to that Event, ed. by Conor Cruise O`brien (Harmondsworth:Penguin Books Ltd., 1969)\r\nFergusoo,Moira ed.,First Feminists: British Women Writers 1578-1799 (NewYork:Indiana University Press, 1985)\r\nGodwin, William, Memoirs of the Author of \"A Vindication of the Rights of Woman\" (London: Joseph Johnson, 1798)\r\nLocke, John, Two Treatises of Government, ed. by Peter Laslett (New York: the University of Cambridge, 1988)\r\nPrice, Richard, Observations on the Nature of Civil Society, The Principles of Government, and the Justice and Policy of the War with America (London: T. Cadell, 1776 )\r\nPriestley, Joseph, A Continuation of the Letters to the Philosophers and Politicians of France, on the Subject of Relig;on, and of the Letters to a Philosophical Unbeliever,` In Answer to Mr. Paine`s Age of Reason (New York: Kraus Reprint Co., 1971)\r\nRousseau, Jean Jacques, Emile,` or, Education, translated by Barbara Foxley, M. A. (London: 1. M. Dent & Sons, Ltd., 1911)\r\nTodd, Janet ed., A Wollstonecraft Anthology (UK: Polity Press, 1977)\r\n三、有關Mary Wollstonecraf的二手相關著作\r\nAbrams, M. H., A GlossOry of LiteraJY Terms (New Yark: Holt, Rinehart and Winston,Fourth Edition, 1981)\r\nAlexander, Meena, Women In Romanticism: Mary Wollstonecraft, Dorothy Wordsworth and Mary Shelley (London: Macmillan Education Ltd., 1989)\r\nBenstock, Shari ed., The Private Self Theory and Practices of Women`s Autobiographical Writings (London: Routledge, Chapman & Hall, 1988)\r\nBloom, Harold ed., John Milton`s Paradise Lost (New York: Chelseu House Publishers,1986)\r\nBloom, Harold ed., Romanticism and Consciousness (New York: W. W. Norton & Company, 1970)\r\nBottomore, Tom ed., A Dictionary of Marxist T710ught (Oxford: Basil Blackwell Ltd, 1983)\r\nBouchier, David, The Feminist Challenge: The Movement for Women`s Liberation in Britain and the USA (London: The Macmillan Press Ltd., 1983)\r\nBouten, Jacob, Mmy Wollstonecraft and the Beginnings of Female Emancipation in France and England (Pennsylvania: Porcupine Press, Inc., 1975)\r\nBridenthal, Renate & Koonz, Claudia & Stuard, Susan eds., Becoming Visible: Women in European History (Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, Second Edition, 1987)\r\nBrowne, Alice, The Eighteenth Century Feminist Mind (Detroit: Wayne State University Press, 1987)\r\nClair, William St., The Godwins and the Shelleys: The biography of a family (New York:W. W. Norton & Company, 1989)\r\nConger, Syndy McMillen eds., Sensibility in Transformation: Creative Resistance to Sentiment from the Augustans to the Romantics (London: Associated University Press,Inc., 1990)\r\nCoole, Diana, Women In Political TheOry: From Ancient Misogyny to Contemporary Feminism (London: Harvester Wollstonecraf, 1993)\r\nDay, Martin S., History of English Literature 1660-1837 (New York: Doubleday & Company, Inc., 1963)\r\nDeane, Phyllis, The First Industrial Revolution (New York: Cambridge University Press,1965)\r\nDickinson, H. T., Liberty and Property: Political Ideology in f,ighteenth-Centwy Britain( New York: Holmes and Publishers, Inc., 1977)\r\nEisenstein, Zillah R., The Radical Future of Liberal Feminism (Boston: Northeastern University Press, 1993)\r\nElton, Geoffrey, The English (Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishers, 1992)\r\nEvans, Judith & Hills, Jill & Hunt Karen, Feminism and Political Theory (California: SAGE Publications Inc., 1986)\r\nEverest, Kelvin ed., Revolution in Writing: British literalY responses to the French Revolution (Philadelphia: Open University Press, 1991)\r\nEzell, Margaret 1. M., Writing Women`s Litermy History (London: The Johns Hopkins University Press Ltd., 1993)\r\nFerguson, Moira, Colonialism and Gerder Relations from Mary Wollston e craft to Jamaica Kincaid (New York: Columbia University Press, 1993)\r\nFerguson, Moira & Todd, Janet, Mmy Wollstonecraft (Boston G. K.,Hall & Company, 1984)\r\nFiges, Eva, Sex and Subterfuge (London: The Macmillan Press Ltd., 1982)\r\nFoucault, Michel, 771e History of Sexuality,` Volume 1: An Introduction, translated from French by Robert Hurley (New York: Random House, Inc., Vintage Books Edition,1990)\r\nFowler, Roger ed., A Dictionwy of Modern Critical Terms (New York: Rouledge & Kegan Paul Ltd., Revised Edition, 1987)\r\nFox-Genovese, Elizabeth, Feminism Without Illusions: A Critique of Individualism (Chapel Hill: The University of North Carolina Press, 1991)\r\nFranzer, Elizabeth & Hornsby, Jennifer & Lovibond, Sabina eds., Ethics: Feminist Reader (Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishers, 1992)\r\nFriedan, Betty, Feminine Mystique (New York: W. W. Norton & Company, 1983)\r\nGatens, Moira, (\"T71e Oppressed State of My Sex\": Mwy Wollstonecraft on Reason, Feeling, and Equality) , in Shanley, Mary Lyndon & Pateman, Carole eds., Feminist Interpretations and Political TheOry (Oxford: Basil Blackwell, Ltd., 1991), pp. 112-129.\r\nGatens, Moira, Feminism and Philosophy: Perspectives on Difference and Equality (Oxford: Basil Blackwell Ltd., 1991)\r\nGreen, Katherine Sobba, T71e Courtship Novel 1740-1820: A Feminized Genre (The University Press of Kentucky, 1991)\r\nGriffiths, Morwenna & Shitford Margaret eds., Feminist Perspectives in Philosophy (London: The Macmillan Press Ltd., 1988)\r\nGrimshaw, Jean, Feminist Philosophers: Women`s Perspectives on Philosophical Traditions (Sussex: Wheatsheaf Books, 1986)\r\nGunew, Senja ed., Feminism Knowledge: Critique and Constntct (London: Rouledge, 1990)\r\nHanley, Keith & Selden, Raman eds., Revolution and English Romanticism: Politics andRhetoric( New York: St. Martin`s Press, Inc., 1990)\r\nHudson, Nicholas, Samuel Johnson and Eighteenth-century 1710Ught (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1988)\r\nHudson, Pat, The Industrial Revolution (New York: Routledge, Chapman and Hall, Inc.,1992)\r\nJohnson, Claudia L., Equivocal Beings: Politics, Gender, and Sentimentality in the 17905 Wollstonecraft, Radcliffe, Burney, Austen (Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1995)\r\nJones, Chris, Radical Sensibility: Literature and Ideas In the 17905 (New York: Routledge Inc., 1993)\r\nJump, Harriet Devine, Mwy Wollstonecraft: ]iVrite,. (New York:Harvester Wheatsheaf,1994)\r\nKauffman, Linda ed., Gender and Theory.\" Dialogues on Feminist Criticism (Oxford: Basil Blackwell Ltd., 1989)\r\nKelly, Gary, Women, Writing, and Revolution 1790-1827 (New York: Oxford Press Inc.,1993)\r\nKelly, Gary, Revolutionary Feminism: The Mind and Career of Mary Wollstonecraft (London: Macmillan Ltd., 1992)\r\nLandes,Joan B., Women and the Public Sphere in the Age of the French Revolution (London: Cornell University Press, 1988)\r\nLaqueur, Thomas, Making Sex: Body and Gender from the Greeks to Freud (Cambridge:Harvard University Press, 1990)\r\nLewis, Janes, Women in England 1870-1950: Sex Divisions and Social Change (Sussex:Wheatsheaf Books Ltd, 1984)\r\nLorch, Jennifer, Mary Wollstonecraft: flle Making of a Radical Feminist (New York: Berg Publishers Limited, 1990)\r\nLovell, Terry ed., British Feminist Thought: A Reader (Massachusetts:Basil Blackwell,Inc., 1990)\r\nLundberg, Ferdinand & Farnham, Marynia F., Modern Woman: The Lost Sex (London:Harper & Row, Publishers, Inc., 1947)\r\nLynne, Agress, The Feminine Irony: Women on Women in Early Nineteenth-Century English Literature (New Jersey: Associated University Presses, Inc., 1978)\r\nMcKeon, Michael, The Origins of the English Novel 1600-1740 (Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins Press Ltd., 1987)\r\nMellor, Anne K. ed., Romanticism and Feminism (Bloomington: Indiana University Press,1988)\r\nMishra, Vijay, The Gothic Sublime (New York: State University of New York Press, 1994) Mitchell, Juliet, Women: the Longest Revolution: Essays on Feminism, Literature and Psychoanalysis( London: Virago Press Limited, 1984)\r\nMitchell, Juliet & Oakley, Ann eds., What is feminism ? (Oxford: Basil Blackwell Ltd.,1986)\r\nMurphy, Francis & Parker, Hershel eds., fl1e Norton Anthology of American Literature (New York: W. W. Norton & Company, Inc., Second Edition, 1985)\r\nMyers, Sylvia Harcstark, The Bluestocking Circle: Women, Friendship, and the Life of the Mind in Eighteenth-Centwy England (New York: Oxford University Press, 1990)\r\nNye, Andrea, Femnisit Theory and the Philosophies of Man (New York: Routledge, Chapman and Hall Inc., 1988)\r\nPoovey, Mary, flle Proper Lady and the Woman Writer, Ideology as Style in the Works of Mary Wollstonecraft, Mary Shelley, and Jane Austen (London: The University of Chicago Press, Ltd., 1984)\r\nPrickett, Stephen, England and the French Revolution (London: Macmillan Education Ltd., 1989)\r\nRendall, Jane, The Origins of Modern Feminism: Women in Britain, France and the United States: 1780-1860 (London: Macmillan Publishers Ltd., 1985)\r\nRich, Adrienne, Of Woman Born: Motherhood as Experience and Institution (New York:W. W. Norton & Company, Tenth Anniversary Edition, 1986)\r\nRogers, Katharine M., Feminism in Eighteellth-CentUly England (Sussex:The Harvester Press Limited, 1982)\r\nRossi, Alice S. ed., The Feminist Papers: From Adams to de Beauvoir (Boston: Northeastern Univesity Press, 1988)\r\nSapiro, Virginia, A Vindication of Political Virtue: The Political Theory of MaJY Wollstonecrajt (London: The University Of Chicago Press Ltd., 1992)\r\nSayers, Sean & Osborne, Peter eds., Socialism, Feminism and Philosophy (New York: Routledge, 1990)\r\nShari, Benstock ed., The Private Self: TheOry and Practice of Women`s Autobiographical Writings (London: Routledge, Chapman and Hall, 1988)\r\nSpacks, Patricia Meyer, Desire and Truth: Functions of Plot in Eighteenth-Century English Novels (Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1991)\r\nStraub, Kristina, Divided Fictions: Fanny Burney and Feminist Strategy (Kentucky: The University of Kentucky, 1987)\r\nTayolr, G. R. Stirling, Mary Wollstonecraft: A Study Economics and Romance (New York: Haskell House Publishers Ltd., 1969)\r\nTomalin, Claire, The Life and Death of Mary Wollstonecrajt (New York: Penguin Books Ltd., 1974)\r\nTong, Rosemarie, Feminist Thought (Westview Press, Inc., 1989)\r\nWaithe, Mary Ellen ed., A History of Women Philosophers, Vo!.3 Modern Women Philosophers, 1600-1900 (London: Kluwer Academic Publishers)\r\nWare, Vron, Beyond the Pale: White Women, Rasim and History (New York: Verso, 1992)\r\nWilliams, Merryn, Women in the English Novel: 1800-1900 (London: The Macmillan Press Ltd., 1984) \r\nWright, Elizabeth ed, Feminism And Psychoanalysis: A Critical DictiollaJY (USA: Basil Blackwell Ltd., 1992)\r\nWright, Walter Francis, Sensibility In Englisn Prose Fiction 1760-1814 : A Reinterpretation (New York: Russell &Russell, 1972)\r\nYaeger, Patricia, Honey-Mad T-flomen: EmancipatOry Strategies in Women`s Writing( New York: Columbia University Press, 1988) zh_TW
