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題名 社會閒散與社會彌補之探討
Social Loafing and Social Compensation
作者 呂錦智
Lu, Chin-Chih
貢獻者 陳皎眉
Chen, Jeaw-Mei
呂錦智
Lu, Chin-Chih
關鍵詞 社會閒散
社會彌補
人際親疏度
團體滲透性
工作表現
Social loafing
Social compensation
Interpersonal relationships
Permeability
Performance
日期 1995
上傳時間 28-Apr-2016 15:18:16 (UTC+8)
摘要 團體合作的情境對人們工作表現的影響究竟是利抑或是弊？在以往的研究結果大多支持團體合作對人們具有不良的影響，亦即個人在團體中工作會產生偷懶的行為，而且隨著團體愈大，個人的努力程度會愈趨下降，社會心理學家稱之為「社會閒散」現象。然而 Williams 與 Karau（1991）卻發現當工作意義度高且預期到同伴的表現不佳時，團體合作的情境反而會有正面的影響，亦即此時人們會因為重視團體的表現反而較單獨一人時更加努力工作，以彌補同組夥伴表現的不足，故Williams 等人稱之為「社會彌補」現象。此兩種現象均可能發生於團體合作的情境下，但社會彌補現象對組織而言是最有利的，因此若能更進一步地瞭解，則當能有助於組織人力資源的管理及提高組織的生產力。故本研究的目的主要在於以初探的角度，來探討除 Williams 等人所提的條件外，是否存在其他可能的因素會影響社會彌補現象的發生，並再次驗證社會閒散的現象。現象對組織而言是最有利的，因此若能更進一步地瞭解，則當能有助於組織人力資源
Most of previous research had supported the social loafing
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     朱令娟。 (民.77)。 酬賞型態、角色重要性及工作變異性對社會閒散之影響。 國立政治大學心理研究所碩士論文。
     吳秀美。 (民84)。 社會開散或社會補償:勞力辯正的作用。 私立中原大學心理學研究所碩士論文。
     吳靜吉、高泉豐、王敬仁、丁興祥。(民70)。 拓弄思語文創造思考測驗(乙式)指導及研究手冊。 台北市，遠流出版社。
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描述 碩士
國立政治大學
心理學系
G795901
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#B2002002590
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 陳皎眉zh_TW
dc.contributor.advisor Chen, Jeaw-Meien_US
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 呂錦智zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) Lu, Chin-Chihen_US
dc.creator (作者) 呂錦智zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) Lu, Chin-Chihen_US
dc.date (日期) 1995en_US
dc.date.accessioned 28-Apr-2016 15:18:16 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 28-Apr-2016 15:18:16 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 28-Apr-2016 15:18:16 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) B2002002590en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/87588-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 心理學系zh_TW
dc.description (描述) G795901zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 團體合作的情境對人們工作表現的影響究竟是利抑或是弊？在以往的研究結果大多支持團體合作對人們具有不良的影響，亦即個人在團體中工作會產生偷懶的行為，而且隨著團體愈大，個人的努力程度會愈趨下降，社會心理學家稱之為「社會閒散」現象。然而 Williams 與 Karau（1991）卻發現當工作意義度高且預期到同伴的表現不佳時，團體合作的情境反而會有正面的影響，亦即此時人們會因為重視團體的表現反而較單獨一人時更加努力工作，以彌補同組夥伴表現的不足，故Williams 等人稱之為「社會彌補」現象。此兩種現象均可能發生於團體合作的情境下，但社會彌補現象對組織而言是最有利的，因此若能更進一步地瞭解，則當能有助於組織人力資源的管理及提高組織的生產力。故本研究的目的主要在於以初探的角度，來探討除 Williams 等人所提的條件外，是否存在其他可能的因素會影響社會彌補現象的發生，並再次驗證社會閒散的現象。現象對組織而言是最有利的，因此若能更進一步地瞭解，則當能有助於組織人力資源zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) Most of previous research had supported the social loafingen_US
dc.description.tableofcontents 第一章緒論..........1
     第一節研究動機與目的..........1
     第二節文獻探討..........14
     第三節研究問題與假設..........46
     第二章研究方法..........49
     第一節研究對象..........49
     第二節實驗工具..........50
     第三節實驗設計..........53
     第四節實驗程序..........56
     第三章研究結果..........65
     第一節操弄變項的檢驗..........65
     第二節主要依變項分析..........73
     第三節次要變項分析..........78
     第四章討論與建議..........91
     第一節討論..........91
     第二節檢討與建議..........97
     參考文獻..........99
     附錄..........113
     附錄一創造性思考活動
     附錄二指導語
     附錄三工作情境檢核表
     附錄四計分結果
     附錄五基本資料問卷
     附錄六事前比較結果
     附錄七分容分析結果		zh_TW
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#B2002002590en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 社會閒散zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 社會彌補zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 人際親疏度zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 團體滲透性zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 工作表現zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Social loafingen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Social compensationen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Interpersonal relationshipsen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Permeabilityen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Performanceen_US
dc.title (題名) 社會閒散與社會彌補之探討zh_TW
dc.title (題名) Social Loafing and Social Compensationen_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen_US
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 一﹒中文部分
     王榮春。 (民83)。 人際親疏與目標設定對團體中個人工作及團體工作努力分配的影響。 國立政治大學心理研究所碩士論文。
     朱令娟。 (民.77)。 酬賞型態、角色重要性及工作變異性對社會閒散之影響。 國立政治大學心理研究所碩士論文。
     吳秀美。 (民84)。 社會開散或社會補償:勞力辯正的作用。 私立中原大學心理學研究所碩士論文。
     吳靜吉、高泉豐、王敬仁、丁興祥。(民70)。 拓弄思語文創造思考測驗(乙式)指導及研究手冊。 台北市，遠流出版社。
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