Publications-Theses
Article View/Open
Publication Export
-
Google ScholarTM
NCCU Library
Citation Infomation
Related Publications in TAIR
題名 受雇者對公司與工會之雙重承諾的研究 作者 陳文山
Chen, Wen-Shan貢獻者 黃國隆
Huang, Guo-Long
陳文山
Chen, Wen-Shan日期 1995 上傳時間 28-Apr-2016 15:20:44 (UTC+8) 參考文獻 一、中文部份 沈清文(1989) ,員工對管理措施的滿意程度與抵制行為之研究?以台灣紡織業為例,國立政治大學企業管理研究所未出版博士論文。 沈鵬飛( 1994) ,員工之技能特性、勞資衝突程度與衝突解決方式之關係,國立政治大學企業管理研究所未出版博士論文。 李誠( 1990) ,從美國工會的衰弱看台灣工會的發展,經濟前瞻,22,中華經濟研究院。 李美枝(1993) ,社會心理學,大洋出版社。 李慕華( 1992) ,組織忠誠的內涵意義、影響因素與行為結果之探討?以台灣中小企業為例,私立輔仁大學應用心理研究所碩士論文。 呂國清(1994) ,台灣的勞資關係模式之研究,國立政治大學勞工所未出版碩士論文。 林顯宗( 1992) ,企業雇用管理制度與勞工工作意識調查報告,台北:行政院勞工委員會。 吳乃德、廖錦桂(1991) ,帝國大反擊:解雇工運幹部、勞資關係法和階級衝突,勞動市場與勞資關係研討會論文,台北:中央研究院。 柏蘭芝( 1993) ,經濟再結構中的婦女就業變遷台北縣成衣業關廠女工再就業的個案研究,台灣研究基金會。 洪英IE (1995) ,台灣地區產業工會組織之生態研究,國立政治大學企業管理研究所博士論文。 黃程貫( 1992) ,強制入會? ,台灣社會研究季刊, 13 , 31-62。 黃國隆( 1986) ,中學教師的組織承諾與專業承諾,國立政治大學學報, 53 , 63-69 。 黃國隆( 1992) ,罷工的社會心理學觀?以台灣地區汽車客運司機為例,國立政治大學勞動學報, 1 , 27-54 。 張任琦(1989) ,會計師事務所查帳人員組織承諾與專業承諾衝突之研究,國立政治大學會計所未出版碩士論文。 張晉芬(J 992) ,解嚴後的台灣勞工組織:利用多層次分析方法探討工會的成立、運作、及功能,行政院國科會專題計畫研究補助(NSC 80-D301-H 005-019) 趙剛( 1993) ,從遠化工化的個案看1987年的台灣工會、國家與工運, 1-22。 楊世雄(1989) ,階級與階級意識,中國論壇, 328 , 24-27 。 鄭得臣( 1985) ,領導型態、角色壓力、核心生活興趣與組織承諾的關係。政治大學心理所未出版碩士論文。 謝國雄(1989) ,黑手變頭家?台灣製造業中之階級流動,台灣社會研究季刊, 2 , 11-54 。 二、英文部份 Angle,H.L. and Perry,J.L.(1983). Organizational commitment: Individual and organizational influences. Work and Occupation,10: 123-146. Angle,H.L. and Perry,J.L.(1986). Dual commitment and labor management relationship climates. Academy of Management Journal, 29:31-50. Barling,J. ,Wade,B. and Fullagar,C.(1990). Predicting employer commitment to company and union Divergent models. Journal of Occupational Psychology, 83: 49-61. Barling,J.,Fullagar,C.,Kelloway,E.K.(l992). The union and its mermbers:A psychology approach. New York, Oxford University Press. Bateman, T. S. , & Strasser, S. (984). A longitudnal analysis of the antecedents of organizational commitment. Academy of Management Journal,27: 95-112. Beauvai s, J. J. , Scholl, R. W. , & Cooper, E. A. (1991). Dual commitment among unionized faculity:A longitudinal investigation. Human Relations, 44: 175-192. Becker,H.S.(1960). Notes on the concept of commitment.American Journal of Sbciology,88: 32-40. Bigoness,W .J.,& Tosi,H.1.(984). Correlates of voting behavior in a union decertification election. Academy of Management Journal,27: 654-659. Buchanan,B.(1974). Building Organizational commitment:the socialization of managers in work organization. Administrative Science Quarterly,19: 533-546. Conlon,E.1. and Gallagher,D.G.(1987). Commitment to employer and union : effects of membership status. Academy of Management Journal, 30 : 151-162. Dean,L.R.(954). Union activity and dual loyalty. Industrial and Labor Relations Review, 12: 526-536. DeCotiis,T.A., & LeLouarn,J. (981). A predictive study of voting behavior in a represenation election using union instrumentality and work perceptions. Organizational Behavior and Human Performance,27: 103-118. Etzioni,A.(961). A comparative analysis of complex organizations. New York:Free Press. Ferris,K.R., & Aranya,N.(983).A comparison of two organizational commitment scales. Personnel Psychology, 38: 78-95. Fields,M.W.,& Thacker,J.IL(992). Influence of Quality-of work 1 if e on company and un Ion commitment . Academy of Management Journal,35: 439-450. Friedman,L. ,& Harvey,R.J.(1986). Factors of union commitment: The case for lower dimensionality. Journal of Applied Psychology, 71: 371-376. Fukami,C.V. and Larson,E.W.(I984). Commitment to company and union:Parallel models.Journal of Applied Psychology, 89: 367-371. Fullagar,C.(986). A factor analyticstudy on the validity of a union commitment scale. Journal of Applied Psychology, 71 :129-136. Fullagar,C. and Barling,J.(1989). A longitudinal test of a model of the antecedents and consequences of union loyalty. Journal of Applied Psychology, 74: 213-227. Fullagar,C. and Barling,J.(1991). Predictor and outcomes of different patterns of organizational and union loyalty. Journal of occupational Psychology, 84: 129-43. Fullagar,C. ,McCoy,D., & Shull,C.(1992). The socialization of union loyalty. Journal of Organizational Behavior,13: 13-26. Gorden, M. E. , Philpot, J . VI. , Burt, R. E. , Thompson, C. A. & Spiller, W. E (1980). Commitment to the union: Development of a measure and an examination of its correlates. Journal of Applied Psycholoy Jlonograph,85: 479-499. Gordon, M. E. , Heauvai s, L. L. & Ladd, N. T. U ~~4) The job satisfction and union commitment of unionized engineers. Industrial and Labor Relations Review, 37: 359-370. Gordon,M.E. and Ladd,R.T.Cl990). Dual allegiance: Renewal reconsideration and recantation,Personnel Psychology, 43: 37-64. Guest,D.E. and Dewe,P.(1991). Company or trade union:Which wins workers` allegiance? A study of commitment in the UK electronics industry.British Journal of Industrial Relations, 29: 75-96. Hammer T.H., Currall.S.C., and Stern R.N.(1991). Worker representation on boards of directors:A study of competing roles, Industrial and Labor Lelations Review,44: 661-680. Kanter,R.M.(1968) Commitment and social organization:A study of commitment mechanisms in utopian communities.American Social-ogical Review,33: 499-517. Katz,D. and Kahn,R.L.(1966) The social psychology of organizations. New York:Wiely. Klandermans,B.Cl989). Union commitment: Replicationa and tests in the Dutch context.Journal of Applied Psychology, 74: 869-875. Kurulla,S.Gallagher,D.G. and Wetzel K.(1993) The development of memers` attitudes toward their unions:Sweden and Canda.lndustrial and Labor Relations Review, 48: 499-514. Ladd,R.T.,Gordon,M.E.,Beauvais,L.L., & Morgon,R.L.(1982). Union commitment:Replication and extension.Journal of Applied Psychology,67: 640-644. Larson,E.W. & Fukami,C.V.(1984). Relationship between worker behavior and commitment to the organization and union. Proceedings of the Academy of .Management,St.Louis. Lieberman,S.(1956). The effect of change in roles on the attitudes of role occupants. Duman Releations, 9; 385-395. Magenau,J.M. ,Martin,J.E., & Peterson,M.M.(1988) Dual and unilateral commitment among stewards and rank-and-file union members. Academy of Management Journal,3l: 359-376. Morrow,P.C.(1983).Concept redundancy in organizational research : The case of work commitment.Academy of management Review, 8: 486-500. Morris,J.H., and Sherman,J.D.(1981) Generalizability of an organizational comlllitmental model. Academy of management Journal, 24: 512-516. Mowday , R. T. , Porter , L. W. & Steers , R. M. (1 982) Employee-organization 1inkagrs: The psychology 0f commitment, absenteeism, and turnover.New York: Academic Press. O`Reil1y ,C.A. & Chatrnan , J.A.(1986) Organizational commitment and psycho1ogy attachment:The effect of comp1iance , identification and interalization on prosocia1 behavior.Journal 01 Appilied Psychology, 71: 492-499. Porter , L.W. ,Steers , R.M. , Mowday , R.T. , Boulian , P.V.(1974)Organiz ational cornmitment , job satisfaction ,and turnover among psychiatric technicians.Journal of Appliled Psychology, 59: 603-609. Premack ,S.L. ,& Hunter , J.E.(1988). Individua1 unionization decesions.Psychological Bulletin , 103: 223-234. Purce 11 , T. V. (954). Dua1 a11egiance to company and unionPacking-house workers .A Swift-UPWA study in a crisis situation , 1949-1952.Personnel Psychology 7: 48-58. Reed , C. S. , Young. W. R. ,McHugh , P . P.(1994). A comparative look at dua1 commitment:An Interationa1 Study.Human Relations, 47: 1269-1293 Rizzo , J.R. , House , R.J. , Lirtzman , S.I.(1970). Role conficlt and arnbiguity in complex organizations. AdmInIstratIve ScIence Quarterly, 10: 150-163. Robbins ,S.P.(993). Organizational Behavior: Concepts, Controversies, and Application.SIXTH EDITON. New Jersey: A Simon & Schuster Company. Schneider ,B.(1975). Organizationa1 climates: An essay.Personnel Psychology, 28,: 447-470. Sherer ,P.D. and Morishima , M.(1989). Roads and roadb10cks to dua1 commitment:simi1ar and dissimi1ar antecedents of union and company commitment.Journ 01 Labor Research, 10: 311-330. Stanger ,R. (1954) Dua1 a11egiance as a prob1em in morden society Personnel PsycholoIgy 7: 41-46. Stagner , R.(1956). Psychology of Industrial conflict.New York:Wie1y. Steven , J.D. , Roderick , D.I. and Peter , J.E.(1994) . Predicting organizational and union commitment:The effect of industria1 re1ations c1imate.BrItIsh Journal of lndustrIal RelatIons, 32: 581-597. Sverke ,M. and Sjoberg , A. (1994) Dual comitment to company and union i n Sweden: An examination of predictors and taxonomic spi1t methods.Econom?c and Industr?al Pemocracy, 15: 531-564. Thacker ,J. W. ,Fields ,M.W. and Tetrick ,L. E. (l989) The factor structure of union commitment: implication of confirmatory factor analysis.Journal of Applied Psycholoy, 74: 228-232. Tetrick, L.E. ,Thacker , J.W. ,8z Fields ,M.W . (1989) Evidence for the stabi1ity of the four dimensions of the commitment to the union scale.Journal of Applied Psychology, 74: 819-822. Welsh ,H.P. ,8z LaVan ,H. (1981).lnter-relationalship of commitrnent to turner in recent hires and tenured employees. Journal of Applied Psychology, 89: 418-428. Wiener Y. (1982) Commitment in organizations: A normative view. Acadell1Y 01 ?anagel1ent l?ev?e1l`, 7: 418-428. 描述 碩士
國立政治大學
勞工研究所資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#B2002003019 資料類型 thesis dc.contributor.advisor 黃國隆 zh_TW dc.contributor.advisor Huang, Guo-Long en_US dc.contributor.author (Authors) 陳文山 zh_TW dc.contributor.author (Authors) Chen, Wen-Shan en_US dc.creator (作者) 陳文山 zh_TW dc.creator (作者) Chen, Wen-Shan en_US dc.date (日期) 1995 en_US dc.date.accessioned 28-Apr-2016 15:20:44 (UTC+8) - dc.date.available 28-Apr-2016 15:20:44 (UTC+8) - dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 28-Apr-2016 15:20:44 (UTC+8) - dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) B2002003019 en_US dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/87619 - dc.description (描述) 碩士 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 勞工研究所 zh_TW dc.description.tableofcontents 第一章緒論 第一節研究動機與目的..........1 第二節論文架構..........8 第二章文獻探討 第一節組織承諾之理論與公司承諾之探討..........10 第二節工會承諾之概念與實證研究..........17 第三節雙重承諾之理論與實證研究..........25 第四節本研究之架構圖..........35 第三章研究方法 第一節第一階段之研究..........38 第二節每二階段之研究..........44 第四章研究結果 第一節因素分析之結果..........53 第二節個人背景變項與「勞資關係氣氛」、「工作漢足」、「公司承諾」、「工會承諾」、「對工會工具性之知覺」及「罷工行為傾向」之關係..........59 第三節不同勞資關係型態下(抗爭型與妥協型)之工會會員在各依變項間之差異..........67 第四節公司承諾、工會承諾與各變項間之皮爾森積差相關..........69 第五節公司承諾和工會承諾和各變項之多元逐步迴歸分析..........72 第六節在不同勞資關係型態下,各類型之公司承諾者與工會承諾者之分配情況及卡方分析..........74 第七節在不同勞資關係型態下,四種不同承諾者在罷工行為傾向間之差異..........75 第八節各類型承諾者在「勞資關係氣氛」、「外在工作滿足」、「人際及內在工作漢足」、「對工會工具性之知覺」及「罷工行為傾向」上之區別分析..........76 第九節罷工行為傾向之因經分析..........78 第五章討論與建議 第一節重要結果之討論..........82 第二節研究限制與建議..........91 參考文獻..........93 附錄 附表一..........99 附表二..........101 附表三..........103 附表四..........107 zh_TW dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#B2002003019 en_US dc.title (題名) 受雇者對公司與工會之雙重承諾的研究 zh_TW dc.type (資料類型) thesis en_US dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 一、中文部份 沈清文(1989) ,員工對管理措施的滿意程度與抵制行為之研究?以台灣紡織業為例,國立政治大學企業管理研究所未出版博士論文。 沈鵬飛( 1994) ,員工之技能特性、勞資衝突程度與衝突解決方式之關係,國立政治大學企業管理研究所未出版博士論文。 李誠( 1990) ,從美國工會的衰弱看台灣工會的發展,經濟前瞻,22,中華經濟研究院。 李美枝(1993) ,社會心理學,大洋出版社。 李慕華( 1992) ,組織忠誠的內涵意義、影響因素與行為結果之探討?以台灣中小企業為例,私立輔仁大學應用心理研究所碩士論文。 呂國清(1994) ,台灣的勞資關係模式之研究,國立政治大學勞工所未出版碩士論文。 林顯宗( 1992) ,企業雇用管理制度與勞工工作意識調查報告,台北:行政院勞工委員會。 吳乃德、廖錦桂(1991) ,帝國大反擊:解雇工運幹部、勞資關係法和階級衝突,勞動市場與勞資關係研討會論文,台北:中央研究院。 柏蘭芝( 1993) ,經濟再結構中的婦女就業變遷台北縣成衣業關廠女工再就業的個案研究,台灣研究基金會。 洪英IE (1995) ,台灣地區產業工會組織之生態研究,國立政治大學企業管理研究所博士論文。 黃程貫( 1992) ,強制入會? ,台灣社會研究季刊, 13 , 31-62。 黃國隆( 1986) ,中學教師的組織承諾與專業承諾,國立政治大學學報, 53 , 63-69 。 黃國隆( 1992) ,罷工的社會心理學觀?以台灣地區汽車客運司機為例,國立政治大學勞動學報, 1 , 27-54 。 張任琦(1989) ,會計師事務所查帳人員組織承諾與專業承諾衝突之研究,國立政治大學會計所未出版碩士論文。 張晉芬(J 992) ,解嚴後的台灣勞工組織:利用多層次分析方法探討工會的成立、運作、及功能,行政院國科會專題計畫研究補助(NSC 80-D301-H 005-019) 趙剛( 1993) ,從遠化工化的個案看1987年的台灣工會、國家與工運, 1-22。 楊世雄(1989) ,階級與階級意識,中國論壇, 328 , 24-27 。 鄭得臣( 1985) ,領導型態、角色壓力、核心生活興趣與組織承諾的關係。政治大學心理所未出版碩士論文。 謝國雄(1989) ,黑手變頭家?台灣製造業中之階級流動,台灣社會研究季刊, 2 , 11-54 。 二、英文部份 Angle,H.L. and Perry,J.L.(1983). Organizational commitment: Individual and organizational influences. Work and Occupation,10: 123-146. Angle,H.L. and Perry,J.L.(1986). Dual commitment and labor management relationship climates. Academy of Management Journal, 29:31-50. Barling,J. ,Wade,B. and Fullagar,C.(1990). Predicting employer commitment to company and union Divergent models. Journal of Occupational Psychology, 83: 49-61. Barling,J.,Fullagar,C.,Kelloway,E.K.(l992). The union and its mermbers:A psychology approach. New York, Oxford University Press. Bateman, T. S. , & Strasser, S. (984). A longitudnal analysis of the antecedents of organizational commitment. Academy of Management Journal,27: 95-112. Beauvai s, J. J. , Scholl, R. W. , & Cooper, E. A. (1991). Dual commitment among unionized faculity:A longitudinal investigation. Human Relations, 44: 175-192. Becker,H.S.(1960). Notes on the concept of commitment.American Journal of Sbciology,88: 32-40. Bigoness,W .J.,& Tosi,H.1.(984). Correlates of voting behavior in a union decertification election. Academy of Management Journal,27: 654-659. Buchanan,B.(1974). Building Organizational commitment:the socialization of managers in work organization. Administrative Science Quarterly,19: 533-546. Conlon,E.1. and Gallagher,D.G.(1987). Commitment to employer and union : effects of membership status. Academy of Management Journal, 30 : 151-162. Dean,L.R.(954). Union activity and dual loyalty. Industrial and Labor Relations Review, 12: 526-536. DeCotiis,T.A., & LeLouarn,J. (981). A predictive study of voting behavior in a represenation election using union instrumentality and work perceptions. Organizational Behavior and Human Performance,27: 103-118. Etzioni,A.(961). A comparative analysis of complex organizations. New York:Free Press. Ferris,K.R., & Aranya,N.(983).A comparison of two organizational commitment scales. Personnel Psychology, 38: 78-95. Fields,M.W.,& Thacker,J.IL(992). Influence of Quality-of work 1 if e on company and un Ion commitment . Academy of Management Journal,35: 439-450. Friedman,L. ,& Harvey,R.J.(1986). Factors of union commitment: The case for lower dimensionality. Journal of Applied Psychology, 71: 371-376. Fukami,C.V. and Larson,E.W.(I984). Commitment to company and union:Parallel models.Journal of Applied Psychology, 89: 367-371. Fullagar,C.(986). A factor analyticstudy on the validity of a union commitment scale. Journal of Applied Psychology, 71 :129-136. Fullagar,C. and Barling,J.(1989). A longitudinal test of a model of the antecedents and consequences of union loyalty. Journal of Applied Psychology, 74: 213-227. Fullagar,C. and Barling,J.(1991). Predictor and outcomes of different patterns of organizational and union loyalty. Journal of occupational Psychology, 84: 129-43. Fullagar,C. ,McCoy,D., & Shull,C.(1992). The socialization of union loyalty. Journal of Organizational Behavior,13: 13-26. Gorden, M. E. , Philpot, J . VI. , Burt, R. E. , Thompson, C. A. & Spiller, W. E (1980). Commitment to the union: Development of a measure and an examination of its correlates. Journal of Applied Psycholoy Jlonograph,85: 479-499. Gordon, M. E. , Heauvai s, L. L. & Ladd, N. T. U ~~4) The job satisfction and union commitment of unionized engineers. Industrial and Labor Relations Review, 37: 359-370. Gordon,M.E. and Ladd,R.T.Cl990). Dual allegiance: Renewal reconsideration and recantation,Personnel Psychology, 43: 37-64. Guest,D.E. and Dewe,P.(1991). Company or trade union:Which wins workers` allegiance? A study of commitment in the UK electronics industry.British Journal of Industrial Relations, 29: 75-96. Hammer T.H., Currall.S.C., and Stern R.N.(1991). Worker representation on boards of directors:A study of competing roles, Industrial and Labor Lelations Review,44: 661-680. Kanter,R.M.(1968) Commitment and social organization:A study of commitment mechanisms in utopian communities.American Social-ogical Review,33: 499-517. Katz,D. and Kahn,R.L.(1966) The social psychology of organizations. New York:Wiely. Klandermans,B.Cl989). Union commitment: Replicationa and tests in the Dutch context.Journal of Applied Psychology, 74: 869-875. Kurulla,S.Gallagher,D.G. and Wetzel K.(1993) The development of memers` attitudes toward their unions:Sweden and Canda.lndustrial and Labor Relations Review, 48: 499-514. Ladd,R.T.,Gordon,M.E.,Beauvais,L.L., & Morgon,R.L.(1982). Union commitment:Replication and extension.Journal of Applied Psychology,67: 640-644. Larson,E.W. & Fukami,C.V.(1984). Relationship between worker behavior and commitment to the organization and union. Proceedings of the Academy of .Management,St.Louis. Lieberman,S.(1956). The effect of change in roles on the attitudes of role occupants. Duman Releations, 9; 385-395. Magenau,J.M. ,Martin,J.E., & Peterson,M.M.(1988) Dual and unilateral commitment among stewards and rank-and-file union members. Academy of Management Journal,3l: 359-376. Morrow,P.C.(1983).Concept redundancy in organizational research : The case of work commitment.Academy of management Review, 8: 486-500. Morris,J.H., and Sherman,J.D.(1981) Generalizability of an organizational comlllitmental model. Academy of management Journal, 24: 512-516. Mowday , R. T. , Porter , L. W. & Steers , R. M. (1 982) Employee-organization 1inkagrs: The psychology 0f commitment, absenteeism, and turnover.New York: Academic Press. O`Reil1y ,C.A. & Chatrnan , J.A.(1986) Organizational commitment and psycho1ogy attachment:The effect of comp1iance , identification and interalization on prosocia1 behavior.Journal 01 Appilied Psychology, 71: 492-499. Porter , L.W. ,Steers , R.M. , Mowday , R.T. , Boulian , P.V.(1974)Organiz ational cornmitment , job satisfaction ,and turnover among psychiatric technicians.Journal of Appliled Psychology, 59: 603-609. Premack ,S.L. ,& Hunter , J.E.(1988). Individua1 unionization decesions.Psychological Bulletin , 103: 223-234. Purce 11 , T. V. (954). Dua1 a11egiance to company and unionPacking-house workers .A Swift-UPWA study in a crisis situation , 1949-1952.Personnel Psychology 7: 48-58. Reed , C. S. , Young. W. R. ,McHugh , P . P.(1994). A comparative look at dua1 commitment:An Interationa1 Study.Human Relations, 47: 1269-1293 Rizzo , J.R. , House , R.J. , Lirtzman , S.I.(1970). Role conficlt and arnbiguity in complex organizations. AdmInIstratIve ScIence Quarterly, 10: 150-163. Robbins ,S.P.(993). Organizational Behavior: Concepts, Controversies, and Application.SIXTH EDITON. New Jersey: A Simon & Schuster Company. Schneider ,B.(1975). Organizationa1 climates: An essay.Personnel Psychology, 28,: 447-470. Sherer ,P.D. and Morishima , M.(1989). Roads and roadb10cks to dua1 commitment:simi1ar and dissimi1ar antecedents of union and company commitment.Journ 01 Labor Research, 10: 311-330. Stanger ,R. (1954) Dua1 a11egiance as a prob1em in morden society Personnel PsycholoIgy 7: 41-46. Stagner , R.(1956). Psychology of Industrial conflict.New York:Wie1y. Steven , J.D. , Roderick , D.I. and Peter , J.E.(1994) . Predicting organizational and union commitment:The effect of industria1 re1ations c1imate.BrItIsh Journal of lndustrIal RelatIons, 32: 581-597. Sverke ,M. and Sjoberg , A. (1994) Dual comitment to company and union i n Sweden: An examination of predictors and taxonomic spi1t methods.Econom?c and Industr?al Pemocracy, 15: 531-564. Thacker ,J. W. ,Fields ,M.W. and Tetrick ,L. E. (l989) The factor structure of union commitment: implication of confirmatory factor analysis.Journal of Applied Psycholoy, 74: 228-232. Tetrick, L.E. ,Thacker , J.W. ,8z Fields ,M.W . (1989) Evidence for the stabi1ity of the four dimensions of the commitment to the union scale.Journal of Applied Psychology, 74: 819-822. Welsh ,H.P. ,8z LaVan ,H. (1981).lnter-relationalship of commitrnent to turner in recent hires and tenured employees. Journal of Applied Psychology, 89: 418-428. Wiener Y. (1982) Commitment in organizations: A normative view. Acadell1Y 01 ?anagel1ent l?ev?e1l`, 7: 418-428. zh_TW