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題名 教育行政人員成就動機.工作特性與組織承諾之相關研究
作者 黃秀霜
貢獻者 蔡保田
黃秀霜
日期 1987
上傳時間 4-May-2016 17:28:32 (UTC+8)
摘要 論文提要內容
參考文獻 一、中文部份
     (一)書籍:
     參考書目
     1.朱匯森。教育行政新論。台北:台灣書店，民國68年。
     2.李序僧。行為科學與管理心理。台北:哈佛企業管理顧問公司，民國63年。
     3.林清山。心理與教育統計學。台北:東華書局，民國74年。十一版。
     4.唐遠榮。我國高級科技人員性格特質、工作需求及組織氣候與組織:承諾關係之研究。台北:華泰書局，民國74年。
     5.許士軍。組織氣候與行為動機－管理:規畫與創新。台北:地球出版社，民國63年。
     6.郭生玉。心理與教育研究法。台北:精華書局，民國73年。三版。
     7.教育部編。當前我國的教育政策。台北:教育部，民國74年。
     8.張春興。心理學概要。台北:東華書局，民國66年。
     9.張春興、林清山。教育心理學。台北:東華書局，民國73年五版。
     10.張春典、楊國樞。心理學。台北:三民書局，民國67年三版。
     11.張笠雲、單小琳、翁望回。公務人員的事業發展:兩性的比較。行政院研究考核委員會，民國76年。
     12.陳義勝。組織行為。台北:華泰書局，民國72年二版。
     13.黃昆輝。教育行政與教育問題。台北:五南圖書出版公司，民國73年四版。
     14.蔡保田。學校調查。台北:台灣商務印書館，民國69年增訂版。
     15.蔡保田。教育行政專題研究。高雄:復文圖書出版社，民國74年初版。
     16.蔡保田總校訂。何長珠、陳麗娟等譯，Morphet, Edgar L. & R. L. Johns,T. L. Re11er著。教育組織與行政。台北:五南圖書出版公司，民國76年初版。
     17.劉興漢。領導的理論及其在教育行政上的運用。中華民國比較教育學會主編。教育行政比較研究。台北:台灣書店，民國74年。
     18.謝文全。教育行政論文集。台北:文景出版社，民國74年初版。
     19.謝文全。教育行政。台北:文景出版社，民國74年修訂版。
     
     (二)學位論文
     1.沈文恕。工作特性與工作滿足之關係研究－我國實驗銀行與非實驗銀行之比較。政治大學企業管理研究所碩士論文，民國67年。
     2.余安邦。企業組織中員工離職行為之研究。台灣大學心理研究所碩士論文，民國69年。
     3.吳武雄。國中教師學校認同之調查研究。師範大學教育研究所碩士論文，民國70年。
     4.呂紀嘉。中外銀行員工個人特性、工作特性、工作經驗與組織承諾之關係。故治大學企業管理研究所碩士論文，民國71年。
     5.林良楓。會計事務所查帳員工作滿足與組織承諾之研究。政治大學會計研究所碩士論文，民國73年。
     6.洪清香。工作特性對教育行政人員工作滿足之影響。政治大學教育研究所碩士論文，民國68年。
     7.莊煥銘。個人特質、工作特性與組織行為之研究。政治大學企業管理研究所碩士論文，民國72年。
     8.黃開義。工作特性、個人特質、領導型態、工作滿意及組織氣氛對離職意願之影響。中原大學機械研究所碩士論文，民國73年。
     9.陳森壬。員工個人屬性需求層次，工作特性與工作滿足的關係。政治大學企業管理研究所碩士論文，民國70年。
     10.陳惠雯。職業婦女的個人需求、上司的權力基礎與組織承諾關係之研究。政治大學企業管理研究所碩士論文，民國74年。
     11.陳嘉陽。國中教師工作環境知覺、工作滿意與士氣之研究。師範大學教育研究所碩士論文，民國72年。
     12.陸鵬程。大台北地區加油站員工工作滿足及組織承諾之探討。政治大學企業管理研究所碩士論文，民國70年。
     13.單小琳。教師成就動機與學生評定教師、學生學業成績的關係。政治大學教育研究所碩士論文，民國69年。
     14.楊啟良。個人特質、組織氣候及組織承諾之研究。政治大學企業管理研究所碩士論文，民國71年。
     15.鄭得臣。領導型態、角色壓力、核心生活興趣與組織承諾之關係。政治大學心理研究所碩士論文，民國74年。
     16.劉興岳。企業經理人員人格特徵對其領導方式與員工士氣影響之研究。政治大學企業管理研究所碩士論文，民國69年。
     
     (三)期刊
     1.許士軍。工作滿足、個人特徵與組織氣候－文獻探討及實證研究。政治大學學報，第35期，民國66年。第13~56頁。
     2.黃玉清。教育行政機關組織氣候之研究－教育部之調查研究。政治大學教育與心理研究，第4期，民國70年，第95~97頁。
     3.黃國隆。中學教師的組織承諾及專業承諾。政治大學學報，第53期，民國75年。第55~84頁。
     4.陳森壬、黃國隆。員工個人屬性、需求層次、工作特性及工作滿意之關係。管理評論，第1期，第18~38頁。
     5.黃堅厚。中國大學生在艾德華個人興趣量表上之反應。師範大學心理與教育學報，第一期，第52~68頁。
     6.瞿立鶴。教育行政組織理論之分析。教育資料文摘，第112期，民國76年，第4~27頁。
     
     二、英文部份
     (一)書籍
     1. Arkoff, A. Adjustment and Mental Health . New York: McGraw-Hill Book Co ., 1968.
     2. Atkinson J. W. & N. T. Feather,, A Theory of Achievement Motivation. New . York: John Wiley, 1966.
     3. Bass, B.M., & G. V. Barrett, People, Work, and Organizations: An Introduction to Industrial and Organizational Psychology. Massachusetts: Allyn & Bacon, Inc., 1981, 2nd ed.
     4. Beck, Robert c., Motivation: Theories and Principles. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1983,2nd ed.
     5. Fyans, L. J. Jr. Achievement Motivation: Recent Trends in Theory and Research. New York: Plenum Press. 1980.
     6. Geen, R.G. Human Motivation. Massachusetts: Allyn and Bacon, Inc., 1984.
     7. Guralnik, D.B. (editor), Webster`s New-Word Dictionary of the American Language. New Jersey :Prentice Hall, Inc., 1982.
     8. Hanson, E. M., Educational Administration and Organizational Behavior. Massachusetts: Allyn and Bacon Inc., 1985, 2nd ed.
     9. Herzberg, F., Work and the Nature of Man. New York: World Publishing Company, 1966.
     10. Jung, John , Understanding Human Motivation: A Cognitive Approach. New York: Macmillan Publishing Co., Inc. 1978.
     11. Korman, A.K., Industrial and Organizational Psychology. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall,
     Inc. 1971.
     12. Likert , R., New Patterns of Management, New York: McGraw-Hill Book Company , 1961.
     13. Luthans, F., Organizational Behavior. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Inc., 1981.
     14. McClelland, D.C.; J.W. Atkinson; R.A. Clark and E.L. Lowell. The Achievement Motive. New York: Irvington Publishers Inc. 1976.
     15. Murry, H.A., Explorations in Personality. New York: Oxford University Press, 1938.
     16. Mowday, R.T. & L.W.Porter & R.M. Steers. Employee Organization Linkages: The Psychology of Commitment, Absenteeism and Turnover, New York: Academic Press, 1982.
     17. Patchen, M., Participation, Achievement and Involvement on the Job, New Jersey : Prentice Hall, 1970.
     18. Robbins, S.P. Essentials of Organizational Behavior. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall Inc., 1984.
     19. Salancik, G.R., New Directions in Organizational Behavior. Chicago; St Clair Press. 1977.
     20. Steers, R.M., Introduction to Organizational Behavior.Illinois: Scott, Foresman and Company, 1984, 2nd, ed.
     21. Steers, R.M. & L.M. Porter, Motivation and Work Behavior, McGraw-Hill Book Co., 1979.
     22. Vroom, V.H. Work and Motivation, New York: John Wiley, 1964.
     23. Webber, R.A. Management: Basic Elements of Managing Organization; Illinois: Richard D. Irwin, Inc, 1975 .
     
     (二)學位論文
     1 . Bowles , J. K., An Investigation of Organizational Commitment , Facet Satisfaction, and Intent to Remain among Faculty at Selected Tennessee Institutions of Higher Education . (Ed. D., The University of Tennessee , 1 983) Dissertation Abstracts International.1984, Vol.44 , No.4, P. 922 .
     2. Feagan, S. Y., Relationships of a Quality Circle Process on Job Satisfaction and Organizational Commitment in Elementary Schools. ( Ed. D.,University of Virginia , 1985) Dissertation Abstracts International. Vol. 47, No. 5 P. 359A
     3. Karugu , G. K., An Investigation of Job Satisfaction-Dis-Among Elementary School Teachers and Headteachers in Nairob, Kenya, and a Comparison of Their Perceptions on Fourteen Selected Job Factors From Herzbergs Two-Factor Theory. (Ph. D. The University
     of Tennessee, 1980) Dissertation Abstracts International, 1981, Vol.42 No.1 PP. 38-39A.
     4. Laud, Robert Louis, Organizational Commitment and Value Placed on Job Autonomy as a Function of Work Orientation, Age Group, and Professional Job Group,(Ph. D., Columbia University, 1982), Dissertation Abstracts International, 1983, Vol.43, No.11, PP. 3521-3522A.
     5. Platten, Paul Edward, The Investigation of Organizational Commitment as a Source of
     Motivation in Quality Control Circles, (Ph . D., New York University, 1984), Dissertation Abstracts Internatinal, 1985, Vol .4 5 , No.2 P.708 B.
     6. Quinn, Robert Francis, Jr. The Relationship of Commitment on the Part of Lay Catholic Elementary School Principals in the United States to Selected Personal Variables. (Ph. D., The Catholic University of America,1985), Dissertation Abstracts International , 1986, Vol.46, No.5, P.1151 A.
     7. Rush, Michael C., A Comparison of Two Models Relating Job Characteristics to Job Facet Satisfaction and Job Attendance, The University of Akron Ph. D., 1978.
     8. Scheller, S.R. Communication Effectiveness as Related to Job Satisfaction and Organizational Commitment,, (Ed. D. Lama Linda University, 1984),Dissertation Abstracts International, Vol.47, No.5, P.1500 A.
     9. Sibler, Bohne Goldfard, A Multivariate Model of Employee Turnover. Memphis State University Ph. D., 1982.
     10. Sorensen, W.B., A Causal Model of Organizational Commitment, Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation, University of Iowa, 1985.
     11. Sullivan, T.G., Onganizational Commitment Job Satisfaction, and Leadership Behaviors Within Residential Facilities for the Mentally Retarded.(Ph. D. 1982, University of Pittsburgh, 1982),Dissertatin Abstracts International, Vol.43,No.9,P.3064 B.
     12. Wise, H.H. Physical Therapists with Doctoral Degrees: Job Satisfaction and Organizational Commitment, Dissertation Abstracts International,Vol.45, No.4, P.1313B.
     
     (三)期刊
     1. Angle, Harold L., Dual Commitment and Labor-Management Relationship Climates. Academy of Management Journal, 1986, Vol.29, No.1, PP. 31-50.
     2. Angle, H.L. & J.L. Perry, An Empirical Assessment of Organizational Commitment and Organizational Effectivenss. Administrative Science Quarterly,1981, Vol.26, PP. 1-14 .
     3. Arnold, H.J. & D.C. Feldman, A Multivariate Analysis of the Determinants of Job Turnover. Journal of Applied Psychology. 1982, Vol.67, No.3,PP. 350-360.
     4. Brief, A.P.; R.J. Aldag, The Job Characteristic Inventory: An Examination. Academy of Management Journal, 1978, Vol.21, No.4, PP. 659-670.
     5. Brockner, Joel, et. al., Escalation of Commitment to an Ineffective Course of Action: The Effect of Feedback Having Negative Implications for Self-Identity, Administrative Science Quarterly,1986, Vol.31, PP. 109-126.
     6. Brooke, Paul, P. Jr., Beyond the Steers and Rhodes Model of Employee Attendance, Academy of Management Review, 1986, Vol.11, No.2 PP. 345-361.
     7. Buchanan Bruce, Building Organizational Commitment: the Socialization of Managers in Work Organization. Administrative Science Quarterly,1974, Vol.19, PP. 533-546.
     8. Chusmir, Leonard H.; Job Commitment and the Organizational Woman. Academy of Management Review,1982, Vol. 7, No.4 PP. 595-602.
     9. Dunham R.B., The Measurement and Dimensionality of Job Characteristics, Journal of Applied Psychology,1976, Vol.61, No.4, PP. 404-409.
     10 . Dunham, R.B., R.J. Aldag & A.P. Brief,Dimensionality of Task Design as Measured by the Job Diagnostic Survey, Academy of Management Journal,1977, Vol . 20, PP. 209-223.
     11. Ferris, K.R. & N.A. Aranya, Comparison of two Organizational Commitment Scales, Personnel Psychology, 1983,Vol.36, PP. 87-99.
     12. Flynn, D.M . ; E.E. Solomon, Organizational Commitment A Multivariate Test within the Banking Industry.Psychological Reports. 1985, Vol.57, No.1 PP. 119-130 .
     13. Galloway, D.K. Boswell, F . Panek Haurst, C. Boswell and K. Green, Sources of Satisfaction and dissatisfaction for New Zealand Primary School Teachers, Educational Research, 1985,vol.27, No.1.
     14. Gordon, Michael E. & Richard D. Arvey, The Relationship Between Education and Satisfaction with Job Content, Academy of Management Journal,Vol.18, No.4.
     15. Hackman, J.R. & E.E. Lawler III, Employee Reaction to Job Characteristic, Journal of Applied Psychology,1971, Vol.55, No.3, PP. 259-285.
     16. Hackman, J.R. & G.R. Oldham. Development of the Job Diagnostic Survey. Journal of Applied Psychology,1975,Vol.60, No.2, PP. 159-170.
     17. Hall, D.T. et. al. Correlates of Organization Identification as a Faunction of Career Pattern and Organizational Type. Administrative Science Quarterly, 1972, Vol. 17, PP. 340-350.
     18. Hermans, H.J. A Questionnaire Measure of Achievement Motivation, Journal of Applied Psychology, 1970, Vol.54, No.4, PP. 353-363.
     19. Hulin, C.L. & P.C. Smith. A Linear Model of Job Satisfaction, Journal of Applied Psychology, 1965,Vol.49, No.3, PP. 209-216.
     20. Hunt, J.W. The Relationship of Age, Tenure , and Job Satisfaction in Males and Females. Academy of Management Journal, 1975, Vol.18, No.4, PP. 690-702.
     21. Hunt, S. D; L.B. Chonko; V.R, Wood, Organizational Commitment and Marketing, Journal of Marketing,1985 , Vol.49, No . 1, PP. 112-126.
     22. Hrebiniak , L.G. and J.A . Alutto, Personal and Role-related Factors in the Development of Organizational Commitment, Administrative Science Quarterly,1972,
     Vol.17, No.4, PP .555-573 .
     23. James, L. R. & A.P. Jones, Perceived Job Charateristic s and Job Satisfaction: An Examination of Reciprocal Causation. Personnel Psychology,1980,Vol.33, PP. 97-135.
     24. Kidron , A., Work Values and Organizational Commitment, Academy of Management Journal, 1978,Vol. 21, PP. 239-247 .
     25. Lawler , E.E. & D.T. Hall, Relationship of Job Characteristics of Job Involvement , Satisfaction and Intrinsic Motivation, Journal of Applied Psychology, 1970, Vol.54, PP. 305-312.
     26. Lee , S .M., An Empirical Analysis of Organizational Identification, Academy of Management Journal,1971, Vol.14, PP. 213-226.
     27. March, R.M., & Mannari Hiroshi, Organizational Commitment and Turnover: A Predictive Study,Administrative Science Quarterly, 1977, Vol .22,PP. 57-75,
     28. Martin, T.H. & J.R. Schermerhorn, Work and Nonwork Influences on Health: A Research Agenda Using Inability to Leave as a Critical Variable. Academy of Management Review, 1983, Vol.8,PP. 650-659.
     29. Michaels, C.E. & P.E. Spector, Causes of Employee Turnover: A Test of the Mobley, Griffeth, Hand and Meglino Model. Journal of Applied Psychology,1982, Vol.67, No.1, PP. 53-59.
     30. Miles, R.H., Relationships Between Role Clarity,Need for Clarity, and Job Tension and Satisfaction for Supervisory and Nonsupervisory Roles. Academy of Management Journal, Vol.18, No.4.
     31. Mitchell, T.R., Organizational Behavior, Annual Review of Psychology, 1979, Vol.30, PP. 243-281 .
     32. Morrow, P.C., Concept Redundancy in Organizational Research: The Case of Work Commitment. Academy of Management Review, 1983, Vol.8, PP. 486-500.
     33. Morris, J.H. & J.D. Sherman, Generalizability of an Organizational Commitment Model, Academy of Management Journal, 1981, Vol.24, No.3,PP. 512-526.
     34. Morris, J.H. & Koch, J.L., Impacts of Role Perceptions on Organizational Commitment, Job Involvement , and Psychosomatic Illness among Three Vacational Groupings. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 1979, Vol.14, PP .88-101.
     35. Mottaz, C.J., An Analysis of the Relationship between Education and Organizational Commitment in a Variety of Occupational Groups. Journal of Vocational Behavior , 1986 Vol.28, No.3, PP. 214-228
     36. Mowday, R. T.;L.M. Porter & R. Dubin, Unit Performance , Situational Factors and Employee Attitudes in Spatially Separated Work Units. Organizational Behavior and Human Performance,Vol.12, PP. 231-248 .
     37. Mowday , R.T., R.M. Steers and L.M. Porter, The Measurement of Organizational Commitment.Journal of Vocational Behavior, 1979, Vol.1 4,PP. 224-247.
     38. Oldham, G. R. ; C.T. Kulik & M.L. Ambrose, L.P. Stepina and J.F. Brand) Relations between Job Facet Comparisons and Employee Reactions. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 1986, Vol.38, PP. 28-47.
     39. Pierce, J.L. & R.B. Dunham, The Measurement of Perceived Job Characteristics: the Job Di agnostic Survey Vs the Job Characteristics. Academy of Management Journal, 1978,Vol.21, No.1, PP. 123-128.
     40. Porter, L.W. ; R.M. Steers; R. T. Mowday & P.V. Boulian, Organizational Commitment, Job Satisfaction and Turnover among Psychiatric Technicians. Journal of Applied Psychology, 1974,Vol.59, No.5, PP. 603-609.
     41. Porter, L.W. & W.J. Crampon, Organizational Commitment and Managerial Turnover: A Longitudinal Study. Organizational Behavior and Human Performance,1976, Vol.15, PP. 87-98.
     42. Reddick, T.L. et. al. A Study of Professional Attitudes of Teachers in the Cumberland County and Putnam County Public School Systems in Tennessee. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Mid-South Educational Research Association(ERIC ED. 199915)
     43. Schwenk, C.R., Information, Cognitive Biases, and Commitment to a Course of Action.Academy of Management Review, 1986, Vol.11, No.2, PP. 298-310.
     44. Sheldon, M.E., Investments and Involvements as Machanisms Producing Commitment to the Organization,Administrative Science Quarterly, 1971, No.16,PP. 143-150.
     45. Sims, H.P; A.D. Szilagyi & R.T. Keller, The Measurement of Job Characteristics. Academy of Management Journal, 1976, Vol.19, PP. 195-212.
     46. Steers, R.M., Antecedents and Outcomes of Organizational Commitment. Administrative Science Quarterly, 1977, Vol.22, PP. 46-56.
     47. Stevens, J. M. ; J. M. Beyer & H. M. Trice. Assessing Personal, Role and Organizational Predictors of Managerial Commitment. Academy of Management
     Journal, 1978, Vol.21, PP. 380-396.
     48. Stone, E.F. & L.W. Porter. Job Characteristics and Job Attitudes: A Multivariate Study. Journal of Applied Psychology, 1975, Vol.60, PP. 57-64.
     49. Wagner, F .R. & J.J. Morse, A Measure of Individual Sense of Competence. Psychological Reports, 1975, Vol.36, PP. 451-459.
     50. Welsch, H.P; H. Lavan, Inter-relationships between Organizational Commitment and Job Characteristics, Job Satisfaction, Professional Behavior, and Organizational Climate, Human Relations. 1981, Vol.34, No.12. PP. 1079-1089.
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     53. Yiener, Y. & A.S. Gechman, Commitment: A Behavioral Approach to Job Involvement. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 1977, Vol.10, PP. 47-52.
描述 碩士
國立政治大學
教育學系
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#B2002006225
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 蔡保田zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 黃秀霜zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) 黃秀霜zh_TW
dc.date (日期) 1987en_US
dc.date.accessioned 4-May-2016 17:28:32 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 4-May-2016 17:28:32 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 4-May-2016 17:28:32 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) B2002006225en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/91105-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 教育學系zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 論文提要內容zh_TW
dc.description.tableofcontents 目錄
     第一章 緒論………1
     第一節 研究動機與目的………1
     第二節 研究問題與範圍………4
     第三節 研究價值與限制………7
     第四節 重要名詞詮釋………8
     第二章 理論基礎與文獻探討………13
     第一節 組織承諾之意義、理論與有關研究………13
     第二節 成就動機之概念及其與組織承諾之有關研究………34
     第三節 工作特性之概念及其與組織承諾之有關研究………42
     第三章 研究設計與實施………75
     第一節 研究假設………75
     第二節 研究對象………75
     第三節 測量工具………80
     第四節 實施過程………88
     第五節 資料處理………88
     第四章 研究結果之分析………93
     第一節 個人背景變項與組織承諾關係之分析………93
     第二節 成就動機與組織承諾關係之分析………119
     第三節 工作特性與組織承諾關係之分析………137
     第四節 成就動機、工作特性與組織承諾關係之分析………165
     第五章 討論、結論與建議………172
     第一節 討論………172
     第二節 結論………176
     第三節 建議………179
     參考書目………182
     附錄………200
     附錄一 本研究之問卷………200
     附錄二 本研究之預試問卷………208
     附錄三 組織承諾問卷各因素之題目及各題之因素負荷量、平均數、標準差………211
     附錄四 組織承諾問卷直交轉軸後之因素矩陣………213
     
     圖表目次
     一、圖目次
     圖1-1 本研究之基本架構圖………6
     圖2-1 組織承諾前因後果模式圖………19
     圖2-2 組織承諾角色知覺模式圖………21
     圖2-3 組織承諾形成模式圖……….23
     圖2-4 組織承諾多元預測模式圖………23
     圖2-5 工作特性模式圖………50
     
     二、表目次
     表2-1 工作特性量表之各分量表折半係數表………56
     表3-1 各教育行政機關職員人數統計表………76
     表3-2 問卷發出及收回數目統計表………78
     表3-3 受試者基本資料統計表………79
     表3-4 工作診斷調查表工作特性部份之信度係數表………83
     表3-5 預試樣本人數統計表………85
     表3-6 預試題目與總分之相關係數表………86
     表4-1 男女組織承諾平均數的差異考驗………94
     表4-2 不同年齡組在組織承諾各構面之平均數、標準差………95
     表4-3 不同年齡組在「努力意願」上之變異數分析摘要表………96
     表4-4 不同年齡組在「努力意願」上之多重比較………97
     表4-5 不同年齡組在「組織認同」上之變異數分析摘要表………97
     表4-6 不同年齡組在「留職傾向」上之變異數分析摘要表………98
     表4-7 不同年齡組在「留職傾向」上之多重比較………98
     表4-8 不同教育程度組在組織承諾各構面之平均數、標準差………99
     表4-9 不同教育程度組在「努力意願」上之變異數分析摘要表………100
     表4-10 不同教育程度組在「組織認同」上之變異數分析摘要表………100
     表4-11 不同教育程度組在「留職傾向」上之變異數分析摘要表………101
     表4-12 不同婚姻狀態組之組織承諾平均數差異考驗………102
     表4-13 不同年資組在組織承諾各構面之平均數、標準差………103
     表4-14 不同年資組在「努力意願」上之變異數分析摘要表………104
     表4-15 不同年資組在「組織認同」上之變異數分析摘要表………104
     表4-16 不同年資組在「留職傾向」上之變異數分析摘要表………105
     表4-17 不同年資組在「留職傾向」上之多重比較………106
     表4-18 不同職等組在組織承諾各構面之平均數、標準化………107
     表4-19 不同職等組在「努力意願」上之變異數分析摘要表………108
     表4-20 不同職等組在「努力意願」上之多重比較………109
     表4-21 不同職等組在「組織認同」上之變異數分析摘要表………110
     表4-22 不同職等組在「組織認同」上之多重比較………111
     表4-23 不同職等組在「留職傾向」上之變異數分析摘要表………112
     表4-24 不同職等組在「留職傾向」上之多重比較………112
     表4-25 不同職稱組在組織承諾各構面之平均數、標準差………114
     表4-26 不同職稱組在「努力意願」上之變異數分析摘要表………115
     表4-27 不同職稱組在「組織認同」上之變異數分析摘要表………115
     表4-28 不同職稱組在「留職傾向」上之變異數分析摘要表………116
     表4-29 不同機關在組織承諾各構面之平均數、標準差………117
     表4-30 不同機關在組織承諾各構面之變異數分析摘要表………118
     表4-31 成就動機各構面之平均數、標準差………119
     表4-32 成就動機各構面與組織承諾各構面之相關係數………119
     表4-33 不同成就動機者在組織承諾各構面的平均數、標準差………120
     表4-34 不同成就動機者在組織承諾三個構面之多變量變異數分析摘要表………121
     表4-35 不同精熟組在「努力意願」上之變異數分析摘要表………123
     表4-36 不同精熟組在「努力意願」上之多重比較………123
     表4-37 不同精熟組在「組織認同」上之變異數分析摘要表………124
     表4-38 不同精熟組在「組織認同」上之多重比較………125
     表4-39 不同精熟組在「留職傾向」上之變異數分析摘要表………126
     表4-40 不同精熟組在「留職傾向」上之多重比較...............126
     表4-41 不同工作取向組在「努力意願」上之變異數分析摘要表………127
     表4-42 不同工作取向組在「努力意願」上之多重比較………128
     表4-43 不同工作取向組在「組織認同」上之變異數分析摘要表………129
     表4-44 不同工作取向組在「組織認同」上之多重比較………129
     表4-45 不同工作取向組在「留職傾向」上之變異數分析摘要表………130
     表4-46 不同競爭組在「努力意願」上之變異數分析摘要表………131
     表4-47 不同競爭組在「組織認同」上之變異數分析摘要表………131
     表4-48 不同競爭組在「留職傾向」上之變異數分析摘要表………132
     表4-49 不同競爭組在「努力意願」上之多重比較………132
     表4-50 「不在意他人」構面在「努力意願」上之變異數分析摘要表………133
     表4-51 「不在意他人」構面在「努力意願」上之多重比較………134
     表4-52 「不在意他人」構面在「組織認同」上之變異數分析摘要表………135
     表4-53 「不在意他人」構面在「留職傾向」上之變異數分析摘要表………135
     表4-54 「不在意他人」構面在「留職傾向」上之多重比較………136
     表4-55 「不在意他人」構面在「組織承諾」整體之變異數分析摘要表………136
     表4-56 工作特性各構面之平均數、標準差………137
     表4-57 工作特性各構面與組織承諾各構面之相關係數表………138
     表4-58 不同工作特性者在組織承諾各構面之平均數、標準差………139
     表4-59 不同工作特性者在組織承諾三個構面之多變量變異數分析摘要表………140
     表4-60 不同技能變化性在組織承諾各構面之變異數分析摘要表………143
     表4-61 不同技能變化組在「努力意願」上之多重比較………144
     表4-62 不同技能變化組在「留職傾向」上之多重比較………145
     表4-63 不同工作完整性在組織承諾各構面之變異數分析摘要表………146
     表4-64 不同工作完整性在組織承諾各構面之多重比較………147
     表4-65 不同工作重要性在組織承諾各構面之變異數分析摘要表………149
     表4-66 不同工作自主性在組織承諾各構面之變異數分析摘要表………151
     表4-67 不同工作自主性在組織承諾各構面之多重比較………152
     表4-68 不同工作回饋住在組織承諾各構面之變異數分析摘要表………154
     表4-69 不同工作回饋性在「努力意願」上之多重比較.........155
     表4-70 不同他人回饋性在組織承諾各構面之變異數分析摘要表………156
     表4-71 不同他人回饋性在組織承諾各構面之多重比較………157
     表4-72 不同合作性在組織承諾各構面之變異數分析摘要表………159
     表4-73 不同合作性在組織承諾各構面之多重比較………160
     表4-74 不同激勵潛能分數在組織承諾各構面之變異數分析摘要表………162
     表4-75 不同激勵潛能分數組在組織承諾各構面之多重比較………163
     表4-76 不同成就動機、工作特性在組織承諾各構面之平均數………166
     表4-77 不同成就動機、工作特性在組織承諾各構面之變異數分析摘要表………168
     表4-78 成就動機、工作特性各構面對教育行故人員「努力意願」之逐步迴歸分析表………169
     表4-79 成就動機、工作特性各構面對教育行政人員「組織認同」之逐步迴歸分析表………170
     表4-80 成就動機、工作特性各構面對教育行政人員「留職傾向」之逐步迴歸分析表………170		zh_TW
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#B2002006225en_US
dc.title (題名) 教育行政人員成就動機.工作特性與組織承諾之相關研究zh_TW
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen_US
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 一、中文部份
     (一)書籍:
     參考書目
     1.朱匯森。教育行政新論。台北:台灣書店，民國68年。
     2.李序僧。行為科學與管理心理。台北:哈佛企業管理顧問公司，民國63年。
     3.林清山。心理與教育統計學。台北:東華書局，民國74年。十一版。
     4.唐遠榮。我國高級科技人員性格特質、工作需求及組織氣候與組織:承諾關係之研究。台北:華泰書局，民國74年。
     5.許士軍。組織氣候與行為動機－管理:規畫與創新。台北:地球出版社，民國63年。
     6.郭生玉。心理與教育研究法。台北:精華書局，民國73年。三版。
     7.教育部編。當前我國的教育政策。台北:教育部，民國74年。
     8.張春興。心理學概要。台北:東華書局，民國66年。
     9.張春興、林清山。教育心理學。台北:東華書局，民國73年五版。
     10.張春典、楊國樞。心理學。台北:三民書局，民國67年三版。
     11.張笠雲、單小琳、翁望回。公務人員的事業發展:兩性的比較。行政院研究考核委員會，民國76年。
     12.陳義勝。組織行為。台北:華泰書局，民國72年二版。
     13.黃昆輝。教育行政與教育問題。台北:五南圖書出版公司，民國73年四版。
     14.蔡保田。學校調查。台北:台灣商務印書館，民國69年增訂版。
     15.蔡保田。教育行政專題研究。高雄:復文圖書出版社，民國74年初版。
     16.蔡保田總校訂。何長珠、陳麗娟等譯，Morphet, Edgar L. & R. L. Johns,T. L. Re11er著。教育組織與行政。台北:五南圖書出版公司，民國76年初版。
     17.劉興漢。領導的理論及其在教育行政上的運用。中華民國比較教育學會主編。教育行政比較研究。台北:台灣書店，民國74年。
     18.謝文全。教育行政論文集。台北:文景出版社，民國74年初版。
     19.謝文全。教育行政。台北:文景出版社，民國74年修訂版。
     
     (二)學位論文
     1.沈文恕。工作特性與工作滿足之關係研究－我國實驗銀行與非實驗銀行之比較。政治大學企業管理研究所碩士論文，民國67年。
     2.余安邦。企業組織中員工離職行為之研究。台灣大學心理研究所碩士論文，民國69年。
     3.吳武雄。國中教師學校認同之調查研究。師範大學教育研究所碩士論文，民國70年。
     4.呂紀嘉。中外銀行員工個人特性、工作特性、工作經驗與組織承諾之關係。故治大學企業管理研究所碩士論文，民國71年。
     5.林良楓。會計事務所查帳員工作滿足與組織承諾之研究。政治大學會計研究所碩士論文，民國73年。
     6.洪清香。工作特性對教育行政人員工作滿足之影響。政治大學教育研究所碩士論文，民國68年。
     7.莊煥銘。個人特質、工作特性與組織行為之研究。政治大學企業管理研究所碩士論文，民國72年。
     8.黃開義。工作特性、個人特質、領導型態、工作滿意及組織氣氛對離職意願之影響。中原大學機械研究所碩士論文，民國73年。
     9.陳森壬。員工個人屬性需求層次，工作特性與工作滿足的關係。政治大學企業管理研究所碩士論文，民國70年。
     10.陳惠雯。職業婦女的個人需求、上司的權力基礎與組織承諾關係之研究。政治大學企業管理研究所碩士論文，民國74年。
     11.陳嘉陽。國中教師工作環境知覺、工作滿意與士氣之研究。師範大學教育研究所碩士論文，民國72年。
     12.陸鵬程。大台北地區加油站員工工作滿足及組織承諾之探討。政治大學企業管理研究所碩士論文，民國70年。
     13.單小琳。教師成就動機與學生評定教師、學生學業成績的關係。政治大學教育研究所碩士論文，民國69年。
     14.楊啟良。個人特質、組織氣候及組織承諾之研究。政治大學企業管理研究所碩士論文，民國71年。
     15.鄭得臣。領導型態、角色壓力、核心生活興趣與組織承諾之關係。政治大學心理研究所碩士論文，民國74年。
     16.劉興岳。企業經理人員人格特徵對其領導方式與員工士氣影響之研究。政治大學企業管理研究所碩士論文，民國69年。
     
     (三)期刊
     1.許士軍。工作滿足、個人特徵與組織氣候－文獻探討及實證研究。政治大學學報，第35期，民國66年。第13~56頁。
     2.黃玉清。教育行政機關組織氣候之研究－教育部之調查研究。政治大學教育與心理研究，第4期，民國70年，第95~97頁。
     3.黃國隆。中學教師的組織承諾及專業承諾。政治大學學報，第53期，民國75年。第55~84頁。
     4.陳森壬、黃國隆。員工個人屬性、需求層次、工作特性及工作滿意之關係。管理評論，第1期，第18~38頁。
     5.黃堅厚。中國大學生在艾德華個人興趣量表上之反應。師範大學心理與教育學報，第一期，第52~68頁。
     6.瞿立鶴。教育行政組織理論之分析。教育資料文摘，第112期，民國76年，第4~27頁。
     
     二、英文部份
     (一)書籍
     1. Arkoff, A. Adjustment and Mental Health . New York: McGraw-Hill Book Co ., 1968.
     2. Atkinson J. W. & N. T. Feather,, A Theory of Achievement Motivation. New . York: John Wiley, 1966.
     3. Bass, B.M., & G. V. Barrett, People, Work, and Organizations: An Introduction to Industrial and Organizational Psychology. Massachusetts: Allyn & Bacon, Inc., 1981, 2nd ed.
     4. Beck, Robert c., Motivation: Theories and Principles. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1983,2nd ed.
     5. Fyans, L. J. Jr. Achievement Motivation: Recent Trends in Theory and Research. New York: Plenum Press. 1980.
     6. Geen, R.G. Human Motivation. Massachusetts: Allyn and Bacon, Inc., 1984.
     7. Guralnik, D.B. (editor), Webster`s New-Word Dictionary of the American Language. New Jersey :Prentice Hall, Inc., 1982.
     8. Hanson, E. M., Educational Administration and Organizational Behavior. Massachusetts: Allyn and Bacon Inc., 1985, 2nd ed.
     9. Herzberg, F., Work and the Nature of Man. New York: World Publishing Company, 1966.
     10. Jung, John , Understanding Human Motivation: A Cognitive Approach. New York: Macmillan Publishing Co., Inc. 1978.
     11. Korman, A.K., Industrial and Organizational Psychology. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall,
     Inc. 1971.
     12. Likert , R., New Patterns of Management, New York: McGraw-Hill Book Company , 1961.
     13. Luthans, F., Organizational Behavior. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Inc., 1981.
     14. McClelland, D.C.; J.W. Atkinson; R.A. Clark and E.L. Lowell. The Achievement Motive. New York: Irvington Publishers Inc. 1976.
     15. Murry, H.A., Explorations in Personality. New York: Oxford University Press, 1938.
     16. Mowday, R.T. & L.W.Porter & R.M. Steers. Employee Organization Linkages: The Psychology of Commitment, Absenteeism and Turnover, New York: Academic Press, 1982.
     17. Patchen, M., Participation, Achievement and Involvement on the Job, New Jersey : Prentice Hall, 1970.
     18. Robbins, S.P. Essentials of Organizational Behavior. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall Inc., 1984.
     19. Salancik, G.R., New Directions in Organizational Behavior. Chicago; St Clair Press. 1977.
     20. Steers, R.M., Introduction to Organizational Behavior.Illinois: Scott, Foresman and Company, 1984, 2nd, ed.
     21. Steers, R.M. & L.M. Porter, Motivation and Work Behavior, McGraw-Hill Book Co., 1979.
     22. Vroom, V.H. Work and Motivation, New York: John Wiley, 1964.
     23. Webber, R.A. Management: Basic Elements of Managing Organization; Illinois: Richard D. Irwin, Inc, 1975 .
     
     (二)學位論文
     1 . Bowles , J. K., An Investigation of Organizational Commitment , Facet Satisfaction, and Intent to Remain among Faculty at Selected Tennessee Institutions of Higher Education . (Ed. D., The University of Tennessee , 1 983) Dissertation Abstracts International.1984, Vol.44 , No.4, P. 922 .
     2. Feagan, S. Y., Relationships of a Quality Circle Process on Job Satisfaction and Organizational Commitment in Elementary Schools. ( Ed. D.,University of Virginia , 1985) Dissertation Abstracts International. Vol. 47, No. 5 P. 359A
     3. Karugu , G. K., An Investigation of Job Satisfaction-Dis-Among Elementary School Teachers and Headteachers in Nairob, Kenya, and a Comparison of Their Perceptions on Fourteen Selected Job Factors From Herzbergs Two-Factor Theory. (Ph. D. The University
     of Tennessee, 1980) Dissertation Abstracts International, 1981, Vol.42 No.1 PP. 38-39A.
     4. Laud, Robert Louis, Organizational Commitment and Value Placed on Job Autonomy as a Function of Work Orientation, Age Group, and Professional Job Group,(Ph. D., Columbia University, 1982), Dissertation Abstracts International, 1983, Vol.43, No.11, PP. 3521-3522A.
     5. Platten, Paul Edward, The Investigation of Organizational Commitment as a Source of
     Motivation in Quality Control Circles, (Ph . D., New York University, 1984), Dissertation Abstracts Internatinal, 1985, Vol .4 5 , No.2 P.708 B.
     6. Quinn, Robert Francis, Jr. The Relationship of Commitment on the Part of Lay Catholic Elementary School Principals in the United States to Selected Personal Variables. (Ph. D., The Catholic University of America,1985), Dissertation Abstracts International , 1986, Vol.46, No.5, P.1151 A.
     7. Rush, Michael C., A Comparison of Two Models Relating Job Characteristics to Job Facet Satisfaction and Job Attendance, The University of Akron Ph. D., 1978.
     8. Scheller, S.R. Communication Effectiveness as Related to Job Satisfaction and Organizational Commitment,, (Ed. D. Lama Linda University, 1984),Dissertation Abstracts International, Vol.47, No.5, P.1500 A.
     9. Sibler, Bohne Goldfard, A Multivariate Model of Employee Turnover. Memphis State University Ph. D., 1982.
     10. Sorensen, W.B., A Causal Model of Organizational Commitment, Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation, University of Iowa, 1985.
     11. Sullivan, T.G., Onganizational Commitment Job Satisfaction, and Leadership Behaviors Within Residential Facilities for the Mentally Retarded.(Ph. D. 1982, University of Pittsburgh, 1982),Dissertatin Abstracts International, Vol.43,No.9,P.3064 B.
     12. Wise, H.H. Physical Therapists with Doctoral Degrees: Job Satisfaction and Organizational Commitment, Dissertation Abstracts International,Vol.45, No.4, P.1313B.
     
     (三)期刊
     1. Angle, Harold L., Dual Commitment and Labor-Management Relationship Climates. Academy of Management Journal, 1986, Vol.29, No.1, PP. 31-50.
     2. Angle, H.L. & J.L. Perry, An Empirical Assessment of Organizational Commitment and Organizational Effectivenss. Administrative Science Quarterly,1981, Vol.26, PP. 1-14 .
     3. Arnold, H.J. & D.C. Feldman, A Multivariate Analysis of the Determinants of Job Turnover. Journal of Applied Psychology. 1982, Vol.67, No.3,PP. 350-360.
     4. Brief, A.P.; R.J. Aldag, The Job Characteristic Inventory: An Examination. Academy of Management Journal, 1978, Vol.21, No.4, PP. 659-670.
     5. Brockner, Joel, et. al., Escalation of Commitment to an Ineffective Course of Action: The Effect of Feedback Having Negative Implications for Self-Identity, Administrative Science Quarterly,1986, Vol.31, PP. 109-126.
     6. Brooke, Paul, P. Jr., Beyond the Steers and Rhodes Model of Employee Attendance, Academy of Management Review, 1986, Vol.11, No.2 PP. 345-361.
     7. Buchanan Bruce, Building Organizational Commitment: the Socialization of Managers in Work Organization. Administrative Science Quarterly,1974, Vol.19, PP. 533-546.
     8. Chusmir, Leonard H.; Job Commitment and the Organizational Woman. Academy of Management Review,1982, Vol. 7, No.4 PP. 595-602.
     9. Dunham R.B., The Measurement and Dimensionality of Job Characteristics, Journal of Applied Psychology,1976, Vol.61, No.4, PP. 404-409.
     10 . Dunham, R.B., R.J. Aldag & A.P. Brief,Dimensionality of Task Design as Measured by the Job Diagnostic Survey, Academy of Management Journal,1977, Vol . 20, PP. 209-223.
     11. Ferris, K.R. & N.A. Aranya, Comparison of two Organizational Commitment Scales, Personnel Psychology, 1983,Vol.36, PP. 87-99.
     12. Flynn, D.M . ; E.E. Solomon, Organizational Commitment A Multivariate Test within the Banking Industry.Psychological Reports. 1985, Vol.57, No.1 PP. 119-130 .
     13. Galloway, D.K. Boswell, F . Panek Haurst, C. Boswell and K. Green, Sources of Satisfaction and dissatisfaction for New Zealand Primary School Teachers, Educational Research, 1985,vol.27, No.1.
     14. Gordon, Michael E. & Richard D. Arvey, The Relationship Between Education and Satisfaction with Job Content, Academy of Management Journal,Vol.18, No.4.
     15. Hackman, J.R. & E.E. Lawler III, Employee Reaction to Job Characteristic, Journal of Applied Psychology,1971, Vol.55, No.3, PP. 259-285.
     16. Hackman, J.R. & G.R. Oldham. Development of the Job Diagnostic Survey. Journal of Applied Psychology,1975,Vol.60, No.2, PP. 159-170.
     17. Hall, D.T. et. al. Correlates of Organization Identification as a Faunction of Career Pattern and Organizational Type. Administrative Science Quarterly, 1972, Vol. 17, PP. 340-350.
     18. Hermans, H.J. A Questionnaire Measure of Achievement Motivation, Journal of Applied Psychology, 1970, Vol.54, No.4, PP. 353-363.
     19. Hulin, C.L. & P.C. Smith. A Linear Model of Job Satisfaction, Journal of Applied Psychology, 1965,Vol.49, No.3, PP. 209-216.
     20. Hunt, J.W. The Relationship of Age, Tenure , and Job Satisfaction in Males and Females. Academy of Management Journal, 1975, Vol.18, No.4, PP. 690-702.
     21. Hunt, S. D; L.B. Chonko; V.R, Wood, Organizational Commitment and Marketing, Journal of Marketing,1985 , Vol.49, No . 1, PP. 112-126.
     22. Hrebiniak , L.G. and J.A . Alutto, Personal and Role-related Factors in the Development of Organizational Commitment, Administrative Science Quarterly,1972,
     Vol.17, No.4, PP .555-573 .
     23. James, L. R. & A.P. Jones, Perceived Job Charateristic s and Job Satisfaction: An Examination of Reciprocal Causation. Personnel Psychology,1980,Vol.33, PP. 97-135.
     24. Kidron , A., Work Values and Organizational Commitment, Academy of Management Journal, 1978,Vol. 21, PP. 239-247 .
     25. Lawler , E.E. & D.T. Hall, Relationship of Job Characteristics of Job Involvement , Satisfaction and Intrinsic Motivation, Journal of Applied Psychology, 1970, Vol.54, PP. 305-312.
     26. Lee , S .M., An Empirical Analysis of Organizational Identification, Academy of Management Journal,1971, Vol.14, PP. 213-226.
     27. March, R.M., & Mannari Hiroshi, Organizational Commitment and Turnover: A Predictive Study,Administrative Science Quarterly, 1977, Vol .22,PP. 57-75,
     28. Martin, T.H. & J.R. Schermerhorn, Work and Nonwork Influences on Health: A Research Agenda Using Inability to Leave as a Critical Variable. Academy of Management Review, 1983, Vol.8,PP. 650-659.
     29. Michaels, C.E. & P.E. Spector, Causes of Employee Turnover: A Test of the Mobley, Griffeth, Hand and Meglino Model. Journal of Applied Psychology,1982, Vol.67, No.1, PP. 53-59.
     30. Miles, R.H., Relationships Between Role Clarity,Need for Clarity, and Job Tension and Satisfaction for Supervisory and Nonsupervisory Roles. Academy of Management Journal, Vol.18, No.4.
     31. Mitchell, T.R., Organizational Behavior, Annual Review of Psychology, 1979, Vol.30, PP. 243-281 .
     32. Morrow, P.C., Concept Redundancy in Organizational Research: The Case of Work Commitment. Academy of Management Review, 1983, Vol.8, PP. 486-500.
     33. Morris, J.H. & J.D. Sherman, Generalizability of an Organizational Commitment Model, Academy of Management Journal, 1981, Vol.24, No.3,PP. 512-526.
     34. Morris, J.H. & Koch, J.L., Impacts of Role Perceptions on Organizational Commitment, Job Involvement , and Psychosomatic Illness among Three Vacational Groupings. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 1979, Vol.14, PP .88-101.
     35. Mottaz, C.J., An Analysis of the Relationship between Education and Organizational Commitment in a Variety of Occupational Groups. Journal of Vocational Behavior , 1986 Vol.28, No.3, PP. 214-228
     36. Mowday, R. T.;L.M. Porter & R. Dubin, Unit Performance , Situational Factors and Employee Attitudes in Spatially Separated Work Units. Organizational Behavior and Human Performance,Vol.12, PP. 231-248 .
     37. Mowday , R.T., R.M. Steers and L.M. Porter, The Measurement of Organizational Commitment.Journal of Vocational Behavior, 1979, Vol.1 4,PP. 224-247.
     38. Oldham, G. R. ; C.T. Kulik & M.L. Ambrose, L.P. Stepina and J.F. Brand) Relations between Job Facet Comparisons and Employee Reactions. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 1986, Vol.38, PP. 28-47.
     39. Pierce, J.L. & R.B. Dunham, The Measurement of Perceived Job Characteristics: the Job Di agnostic Survey Vs the Job Characteristics. Academy of Management Journal, 1978,Vol.21, No.1, PP. 123-128.
     40. Porter, L.W. ; R.M. Steers; R. T. Mowday & P.V. Boulian, Organizational Commitment, Job Satisfaction and Turnover among Psychiatric Technicians. Journal of Applied Psychology, 1974,Vol.59, No.5, PP. 603-609.
     41. Porter, L.W. & W.J. Crampon, Organizational Commitment and Managerial Turnover: A Longitudinal Study. Organizational Behavior and Human Performance,1976, Vol.15, PP. 87-98.
     42. Reddick, T.L. et. al. A Study of Professional Attitudes of Teachers in the Cumberland County and Putnam County Public School Systems in Tennessee. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Mid-South Educational Research Association(ERIC ED. 199915)
     43. Schwenk, C.R., Information, Cognitive Biases, and Commitment to a Course of Action.Academy of Management Review, 1986, Vol.11, No.2, PP. 298-310.
     44. Sheldon, M.E., Investments and Involvements as Machanisms Producing Commitment to the Organization,Administrative Science Quarterly, 1971, No.16,PP. 143-150.
     45. Sims, H.P; A.D. Szilagyi & R.T. Keller, The Measurement of Job Characteristics. Academy of Management Journal, 1976, Vol.19, PP. 195-212.
     46. Steers, R.M., Antecedents and Outcomes of Organizational Commitment. Administrative Science Quarterly, 1977, Vol.22, PP. 46-56.
     47. Stevens, J. M. ; J. M. Beyer & H. M. Trice. Assessing Personal, Role and Organizational Predictors of Managerial Commitment. Academy of Management
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     48. Stone, E.F. & L.W. Porter. Job Characteristics and Job Attitudes: A Multivariate Study. Journal of Applied Psychology, 1975, Vol.60, PP. 57-64.
     49. Wagner, F .R. & J.J. Morse, A Measure of Individual Sense of Competence. Psychological Reports, 1975, Vol.36, PP. 451-459.
     50. Welsch, H.P; H. Lavan, Inter-relationships between Organizational Commitment and Job Characteristics, Job Satisfaction, Professional Behavior, and Organizational Climate, Human Relations. 1981, Vol.34, No.12. PP. 1079-1089.
     51. Wiener, Y., Commitment in Organizations: A Normative View. Academy of Management Review, 1982,Vol.7, No.3, PP. 418-428.
     52. Wiener, Y. & Y. Vardi, Relationships between Job, Organization and Career Commitments and Work Outcomes-An Interative Approach. Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, 1980, Vol.26,PP. 81-96.
     53. Yiener, Y. & A.S. Gechman, Commitment: A Behavioral Approach to Job Involvement. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 1977, Vol.10, PP. 47-52.		zh_TW