學術產出-Theses
Article View/Open
Publication Export
-
題名 總體經濟計量模型之設定、推論與評斷 : 臺灣總體實證研究 作者 吳祥華 貢獻者 汪義育
吳祥華日期 1994 上傳時間 2016-05-11 摘要 本文主要目的乃在探討構建一個實證總體模型的恰當程序,內容包括結構關係設定,非恆定計量方法應用,以及模型評估技術之研議與施行,並實際提供一簡單的臺灣總體計量模型供作說明。
This dissertation studies the proper procedure to construct an empirical macroeconomic model including specification of structure relations, nonstationary econometric methods and model-evaluation techniques and provides a simple macro econometric model of Taiwan as an illustration.參考文獻 [1] 汪義育(民國75 年) :“台灣的物價與所得波動之探討━向量自迴歸模型分析之結論"中國經濟學會論文集。[2] 汪義育(民國78 年2 月) :“總體經濟時間數列分析之方法與應用"華泰書局,台北。[3] 李政峰(民國81 年6 月) :“總體計量模型之設定、估計與分析━台灣之實証研究))國立政治大學國貿所碩士論文。[4] 林建甫(民國82 年元月) :“經濟變數的趨勢討論”,中國經濟學會1993 年年會論文集。[5] 林金龍,吳中書,劉興嘉(民國82 年9 月) :“台灣美元遠期即期匯率關係之探討━共整合分析之應用”,中國統計學報第31 卷第2 期, 271 - 287 頁。[6] 許明振,莊靜真(民國82 年元月) :“台灣貨幣政策之探討━共積分析之應用”中國經濟學會1993 年年會論文集。[7] 徐倩蘭(民國82 年6 月) :“台灣總體計量模型━財政及金融政策之模擬分析“,國立台灣大學經濟系碩士論文。[8] 梁志民(民國79 年7 月) :“台灣總體經濟數列長期趨勢與短期波動關聯之研究"國立政治大學財政研究所碩士論文。[9J 蔡麗如(民國77 年6 月) :“台灣總體經濟變數之因果關係檢定”,政大國貿所碩士論文,台北。[10] 蔡麗如(民國81 年8 月) :“總體數列之非恆定計量方法與應用"政大經濟研究所博士論文,台北。 [11] 孫翠蘭(民國81 年6 月) :“我國貨幣政策反應函數之決定━兼論匯罩之影響"中興大學經濟研究所碩士論文。[12] 孫金蘭(民國80 年7 月) :“台灣貨幣需求之實證研究━共整合與誤差修正模型之應用"國立中興大學經濟研究所碩士論文。[13] Banerjee • A. • Lumsdaine , R.L. ` and Stock, J.H.(1990) : “Recursiveand Sequential Tests of the Unit Root and Trend Break Hypotheses: Theoryand International Evidence" , NBER Working Paper` No.3510.[14] Blanchard • O.J. ` and Kahn I C.M.(1980) : “The Solution of Linear DifferenceModels Under Rationa.l Expectations" , Econometrica` Vol.48 , No.5,July.[15] Christiano ` L.J .(1988),”Searching for a Break in GNP" , NBER WorkingPaper No. 2695.[16] Chu ` C.S. James and White` H.(1991) : “Testing for Structure Changein Some Simple Time Series Model" , San Diego Dept. of Economics, DiscussionPaper No. 91-06.[17] Clements ` M.P. and D.F. Hendry(1991) : “Forecasting in CointegrateSystems" , Mimeo , Institute of Economics and Statistics, Oxford.[18] Cuthbertson` K.(1985) :”Sterling Bank Lending to UK Industrial and CommericalComapnies" , Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, Vol.47 , may, No.2.[19] Cuthbertson ˙ K.(1985) : “Bank Lending to UK Industrial and CommercialCompanies" , Oxford Bulletin of and Statistics, May Vol.147 , No.2.[20] Dejong` D.N. ` Nankervis, J.C. • and Whiteman` C.H.(1989) : "Integration Vexsus Trend-Stationary in Macroeconomic Time Series" , Universityof Iowa Dept. of Economic `Working Paper No. 31 - 89.[21] Dejong` D.N. ` Nankervis` J.C. ` savin` N.E. • and Whiteman •C.H.(1992) : "Integration Versus Trend Stationary in Time Series" , Econometrica`Vol.60 , No.2, March, 423 - 433.[22] Dickey, D.A. ` and Fuller` W.A.(1979) : "Distribution of the Estimatesfor Autoregressive Time Series with a Unit Root" , JASA , 74 , 427 - 431.[23] Dickey • D.A. ` and Fuller` W.A.(1981) : "Likelihood Ratio Statistics forAutoregressive Time Series with a Unit Root" , Econometrica` 49 , 753 - 779.[24] Durlauf ` S.N. ` and Phillips Peter C.B.(1988) : "Trends Versus RandomWalks in Time Series Analysis" , Econometrica. , Vol .56 , no.6(Norembex) ,1333 - 1354.[25] Evans` G.B.A. • and Savin` N.E.(1981) "Testing for Unit Roots: 1`), Econometrica` Vol .49 , 753 - 779.[26J Evans` G.B.A. ` and Savin` N.E.(1984) "Testing for Unit Roots: 2", Econometrica` Vol.52 , 1241 - 1269.[27] Engle • R.F. ` and Granger` C.W.J.(1987) : "Co-integration and ErrorCorrection: Representation, Estimation and Testing" , Econometrica` Vol.55, No.2, March , 251 - 276.[28] Engle` R.F. ` and Yoo ` B.S.(1991) : "Cointegrated Economic Time Series: An Querview with New Results" , Long-Run Economic Relationships (Readingin Cointegration) , Edited by Engle,R.F. and Granger, C. W.J. , Oxford UniversityPress.[29] Fair ` R.C.(1974) : "An Evaluation of a Short-Run Forecasting model" ,International Economic Review` Vol.15 , No.2, June.[30] Fair ` R.C.(1979) : "An aAnalysis of the Accuracy of Four MacroeconometricModel" , Journal of Political Economy` Vol. 87 , No.4-.[31] Fair ` R.C.(1980) : "Estimating the Expected Predictive Accuracy of EconometricModels" , International Economic Review, Vol.21 , No.2, June.[32] Fair` R.C.(1984) : "Specification) Estimation) and Analysis of MacroeconometricModels" , Harvard University Press.[33] Fair ` R.C.(1986) : "Evaluating the Predictive Accuracy of Models" , Handbookof Econometrics, Vol.3 , North-Holland.[34] Fuller` W.A.(1976) : "Introduction to Statistical Time Series" , AIowa StateUniversity.[35] Ganger C.W.J. ` and Newbold ` P.(1977) "Forecasting EconomicTime Series" , Nelv York: Academic Press.(36] Godfrey` L.G.(1988) : "Misspecification Test in Econometrics" , CambridgeUniversity Press.[37] Granger ` C. W.J. ` and Newbold ` P.(1974) : "Spurious Regression inEconometrics" , Journal of Econometrics , Vol.2 , 111 - 120.[38] Hansen ` L.P. ` and Sargent ` T.J .(1980) : "Formulating and EstimatingDynamic Linear Rational Expectations Models" , Journal of Economic Dyna.micsand Control 2 , 7 - 46.[39] Hansen I L.P. I and Sargent I T.J .(1982) : "Instrumental Variables proceduresfor Estimating Linear Rational Expectations Model" , Journal of MonetaryEconomics 9 , 263 - 296.[40] Hansen I L.P.(1982) : "Large Sample Prqperties of Generalized Method ofMoments Estimatorsll , Econometrica` Vol.50 , No.4 , July.[41] Hall, S.G.(1984) : "Practitioner`s Corner: On the Solution of High Order,Symmetric, Difference Equations" , Oxford Bulletiu of Economics and Statistics, 46 , 1.[42] Hall I S.G. and Henry I S.G.B.(1988) : "Macroeconomic Modeling" , ElsevierScience Publishing Company` New York.[43] Hargreaves ` C.P.(1992) : "The Relevance of Concepts of Long-Run Equilibriumto Macroeconomic Modelling: An Introduction" , Macroeconomic modelingof the Long Run Edited by Hargreaves Colin P. , Edward Elgar Publishing Limited, England[44] Hargreaves ` C.P.(1992) : "Macroeconomic Modeling of The LongRun" ,Edward Elgar Publishing Limited, England.[45] Hargraves I C.P.(1993) : "A Review of Methods of Estimating CointegratingRelationship" , For Eastern Jt.1eeting of the Econometric Society.[46] Herrndorf • N .(1984) : "A Functional Central Linit Theorem for `Weakly DependentSequences of Random Vanables" , Annal of Probability, 12 , 141 -153. [47] Hu Chun-tien(1992) : "Current Account,money,and Inflation in Taiwan duringthe 1980`s" , Presented in the Conference on "Monetary Policy in Semi-openEconomics" , Seoul, November.[48] Johansen` S.(1988) : "Statistical Analysis of Cointegration Vectors" , Journalof Economic dynamics and Control, 12 , 231 - 294.[49] Johansen`S. ` and Juselius ` K.(1990) : "Maximum Likelihood Estimationand Inference on Cointegration - with Applications to the Random forMoney" , Oxford Bulletiin of Economics & Statistics, 52 , 2.[50] Johansen, S . (1991) : "Estimation and Hypothesis Testing of CointegrationVectors in Gaussian Vector Autoregressive Models" , Econometrica` Vol.59 ,No.6, Nov. , 1551 - 1580.[51] Johansen`S. ` and Juselius ` K.(1992) : "Testing Structural Hypothesesin a multivariate Cointegration Analysis of the PPP and the UIP for UK" ,Journal of Econometrics , 53 , 245 - 269.[52] Johansen ` S.(1992) : "An 1(2) Cointegration Analysis of the PurchasingPower Parity Between Australia and the United States" , Edited by Colin Hargreaves`Edward Elgar Publishing Limited.[53] Johansen ` S.(1992) : "Cointegration in Partial Systems and the Efficiency ofSingle-Equation Analysis" , Journal of Econometrics, 52 , 389 - 402.[54] Juselius ` K. ` and Hargreaves` C.P.(1992) : "Long-Run relations in AustralianMonetary Data" , Macroeconomic Modelling of the Long Run , Editedby Hargreaves Colin P. , EDward Elgar Publishing Limited. [55] Kassa I K. (1992) : "Common Stochastic Trends in International Stock Mar~kets" , Journal of Monetary Economics, 29 , 95 - 124.[56] Klein I L.R. and Young R.M.(1980) : "An Introduction to EconometricForecasting Models" , -El ~ ~~.~ 0[57] Kunst I R. I and Neusser I K.(1990) : "Cointegration in a MacroeconomicSystem" , Journal of Applied Econometrics, Vol.5 , 351 - 365.[58] Lucas I R.E. Sr.(1976) "Economic Policy Evaluation: A Critique`) , Journalof Jv[onetary Economic, Supplement, 19 - 46.[59] Mosconic ` R. • and Giannini • C.(1992) : "Non-Causality in CointegratedSystem: Representation) stimation and Testing" , Oxford Bulletin of Economicsand Statistics.[60] Nelson • C.R. ` and Ploser • C.(1982) : "Trends and Random \\Nalks inMacroeconomic Time Series: Some Evidence and Implications" , Journal of lvIonetary Economics, 10 , 139 - 162.[61] Osterwald-Lenum Michael(1992) : "Practitioners` Corner: A Note withQuantiles of the Asymptotic Distribution of the Maximum Likelihood CointegrationRank Test Statistics" , Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics , 54 ,3.[62] Park, J.Y. ` and Phillips` P.C.B.(1988) : "Statistical Inference in RegresslOnswith Integrated Process: Part 1" , Econometric Theory , 4 , 468 -497.[63] Park, J.Y. ` and Phillips, P.C.B.(1989) : "Statistical Inference in RegressIOnswith Integrated Process : Part 2" , Econometric Theory , 5 , 91 -131.[64] Phillips, Peter C.B.(1986) : "Understanding Spurious Regressions in Econometrics", Journal of Econometrics , 33 , 45 - 68.[65] Phillips` Peter C.B.(1987) : "Asymptotic Expansions in Nondtationary VectorAutoregressions" , Econometric Theory` 3 , 45 - 68.[66] Phillips` Peter C.B . (1988) : "Regression Theory for Near-Integrated TimeSeries" , Econometrica , Vol .56 , No.5 , Septemper , 1021 - 1043.[67] Phillips, Peter C.B.(1991) : "Optimal Inference in Cointegrated Systems", Econometrica, Vol .59 , No.2, At/arch , 283 - 306.[68] Phillips ` Peter C.B.(1993) : "Fully Modified Least Squares and Autoregression", 1993 Far Eastern Nleeting of The Econometric Society.[69] Perman` Roger(1991) : "Cointegration: An Introduction to the Siterature", Journal of Economic Studies, Vol.18 , No.3, 3 - 30.[70] Perron` P.(1988) : "Trends and Random Walks in Macroeconomic Time Series: Further Evidence from a New Apporach" , Journal of Economic Dynamicsand Control, 12 , 297 - 332.[71] Perron ` P.(1989) : "The Great Crash 1 the Oil Price Shock 1 and the UnitRoot Hypothesis" , Econometrica, 57 , 1361 - 1401.[72] Perron` P.(1989) : "The Caculation of the Limiting Distribution of the LeastSquaresEstimator in a Near-Integrated Model" , Econometric Theory` 5 , 241- 255. [73] Perron ` P.(Fall 1990) ; "Time Series Econometrics" , Lecture Notes forEcon. , 513 , Department of Economics, Princeton University. ·[74] Quandt, R.E.(1983) : "Computational Problems and Methods" , Handbookof Econometrics, Vol.1 , North-Holland.[75] Qush ` D. ` and Wooldridge ` J.M.(1988) : "A Common Error m theTreatment of Trending Time Series" , Massachusetts Institute of Tchnology ,Department of Economics , Working paper No.483.[76] Said ` S.E. ` and Dickey , D.A.(1984) : ((Testing for Unit Roots InARMA(p,q) Model with Unknown p and q)) , Biometrika, 71 , 599 - 607.[77] Schotman ` P. I and Dijk ` Herman ` K. Van( 1991) : "A Bayesian Analysisof the Unit Root in Real Exchange Rates" , Journal of Econometrics, 49 ,195 - 238.[78] Sims C.A.(1980) "Macroeconomics and Peality`) , Econometrica` Vol.1:8, No.1 , January.[79] Sims` C.A.(1988) "Bayesin Skepticsim on Unit Root Econometrics" Journalof Economic Dynamics and Control, 12 , 463 - 474.[80] Sims` C.A. Stock,J.H. ` and Watson` M.W.(1990) : ((Inference in LinearTime Series Models with Some Unit Roots" , Econometrica` Vol.58 , No.1, January` 113 - 144.[81] Stock I J.H. I and Watson` M.W.(1988) ((Testing for Common Trends`;, JASA , 83 , 1097 - 1107. [82] Stock, J.H.(1991) : "Confidence Intervals for the Largest Autoregressive Ratein U.S. Macroeconomic Time Series" , Journal of Monetary Economics, 28 ,435 - 459.(83] Wickens ` M.R.(1982) : "The Efficient Estimation of Econometric Modelswith Rational Expectations" , Review of Economic Studies, XLIL , 55 - 67.[84] White ` H.(1984) : "Asymptotic Theory for Econometricians)) , Academicpress` INK. 描述 博士
國立政治大學
經濟學系資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G91NCCV9072012 資料類型 thesis dc.contributor.advisor 汪義育 zh_TW dc.contributor.author (Authors) 吳祥華 zh_TW dc.creator (作者) 吳祥華 zh_TW dc.date (日期) 1994 en_US dc.date.accessioned 2016-05-11 - dc.date.available 2016-05-11 - dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 2016-05-11 - dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G91NCCV9072012 en_US dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/96443 - dc.description (描述) 博士 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 經濟學系 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) 本文主要目的乃在探討構建一個實證總體模型的恰當程序,內容包括結構關係設定,非恆定計量方法應用,以及模型評估技術之研議與施行,並實際提供一簡單的臺灣總體計量模型供作說明。 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) This dissertation studies the proper procedure to construct an empirical macroeconomic model including specification of structure relations, nonstationary econometric methods and model-evaluation techniques and provides a simple macro econometric model of Taiwan as an illustration. en_US dc.description.tableofcontents 第壹章緒論 1一研究之緣起 1二研究大鋼與研究目的 2第貳章結構性計量模型之比較分析與台灣實例 4一結構性計量模型之設定與建構 5二模型設定法之比較研究 11三傳統之台灣總體計量模型 16四本章結論 36本章註解 37第參章台灣總體計量模型之非恆定分析與推論 40一總體變數之非恆定分析 40二共積理論與非恆定變數之共積分析 61三台灣總體共積計量模型 83四本章結論 94本章註解 96第肆章模型預測績效評估與比較動態分析 103一模型樣本內事前預測之績效評 103二模型之比較動態分析 106三模型樣本外事前預測之績效評估 115四本章結論 132本章註解 133第伍章結論與建議 134【附錄I】對等濃縮之美國模型與英國模型 137﹝附錄I註解﹞對等濃縮之美國模型與英國模型 169【附錄II】變數資料來源 175【附錄III】台灣實例單根檢定:步驟(1)~步驟(3b)結果表 179【附錄IV】共積VAR最適落後階次檢定 185【附錄V】模型I各決策變數樣本內事前測Theil-U係數表 190【附錄VI】模型II各決策變數樣本內事前測Theil-U係數表 191【附錄VII】限制VAR模型之變數因果限制檢定結果 192【參考文獻】 203 zh_TW dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G91NCCV9072012 en_US dc.title (題名) 總體經濟計量模型之設定、推論與評斷 : 臺灣總體實證研究 zh_TW dc.type (資料類型) thesis en_US dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) [1] 汪義育(民國75 年) :“台灣的物價與所得波動之探討━向量自迴歸模型分析之結論"中國經濟學會論文集。[2] 汪義育(民國78 年2 月) :“總體經濟時間數列分析之方法與應用"華泰書局,台北。[3] 李政峰(民國81 年6 月) :“總體計量模型之設定、估計與分析━台灣之實証研究))國立政治大學國貿所碩士論文。[4] 林建甫(民國82 年元月) :“經濟變數的趨勢討論”,中國經濟學會1993 年年會論文集。[5] 林金龍,吳中書,劉興嘉(民國82 年9 月) :“台灣美元遠期即期匯率關係之探討━共整合分析之應用”,中國統計學報第31 卷第2 期, 271 - 287 頁。[6] 許明振,莊靜真(民國82 年元月) :“台灣貨幣政策之探討━共積分析之應用”中國經濟學會1993 年年會論文集。[7] 徐倩蘭(民國82 年6 月) :“台灣總體計量模型━財政及金融政策之模擬分析“,國立台灣大學經濟系碩士論文。[8] 梁志民(民國79 年7 月) :“台灣總體經濟數列長期趨勢與短期波動關聯之研究"國立政治大學財政研究所碩士論文。[9J 蔡麗如(民國77 年6 月) :“台灣總體經濟變數之因果關係檢定”,政大國貿所碩士論文,台北。[10] 蔡麗如(民國81 年8 月) :“總體數列之非恆定計量方法與應用"政大經濟研究所博士論文,台北。 [11] 孫翠蘭(民國81 年6 月) :“我國貨幣政策反應函數之決定━兼論匯罩之影響"中興大學經濟研究所碩士論文。[12] 孫金蘭(民國80 年7 月) :“台灣貨幣需求之實證研究━共整合與誤差修正模型之應用"國立中興大學經濟研究所碩士論文。[13] Banerjee • A. • Lumsdaine , R.L. ` and Stock, J.H.(1990) : “Recursiveand Sequential Tests of the Unit Root and Trend Break Hypotheses: Theoryand International Evidence" , NBER Working Paper` No.3510.[14] Blanchard • O.J. ` and Kahn I C.M.(1980) : “The Solution of Linear DifferenceModels Under Rationa.l Expectations" , Econometrica` Vol.48 , No.5,July.[15] Christiano ` L.J .(1988),”Searching for a Break in GNP" , NBER WorkingPaper No. 2695.[16] Chu ` C.S. James and White` H.(1991) : “Testing for Structure Changein Some Simple Time Series Model" , San Diego Dept. of Economics, DiscussionPaper No. 91-06.[17] Clements ` M.P. and D.F. Hendry(1991) : “Forecasting in CointegrateSystems" , Mimeo , Institute of Economics and Statistics, Oxford.[18] Cuthbertson` K.(1985) :”Sterling Bank Lending to UK Industrial and CommericalComapnies" , Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, Vol.47 , may, No.2.[19] Cuthbertson ˙ K.(1985) : “Bank Lending to UK Industrial and CommercialCompanies" , Oxford Bulletin of and Statistics, May Vol.147 , No.2.[20] Dejong` D.N. ` Nankervis, J.C. • and Whiteman` C.H.(1989) : "Integration Vexsus Trend-Stationary in Macroeconomic Time Series" , Universityof Iowa Dept. of Economic `Working Paper No. 31 - 89.[21] Dejong` D.N. ` Nankervis` J.C. ` savin` N.E. • and Whiteman •C.H.(1992) : "Integration Versus Trend Stationary in Time Series" , Econometrica`Vol.60 , No.2, March, 423 - 433.[22] Dickey, D.A. ` and Fuller` W.A.(1979) : "Distribution of the Estimatesfor Autoregressive Time Series with a Unit Root" , JASA , 74 , 427 - 431.[23] Dickey • D.A. ` and Fuller` W.A.(1981) : "Likelihood Ratio Statistics forAutoregressive Time Series with a Unit Root" , Econometrica` 49 , 753 - 779.[24] Durlauf ` S.N. ` and Phillips Peter C.B.(1988) : "Trends Versus RandomWalks in Time Series Analysis" , Econometrica. , Vol .56 , no.6(Norembex) ,1333 - 1354.[25] Evans` G.B.A. • and Savin` N.E.(1981) "Testing for Unit Roots: 1`), Econometrica` Vol .49 , 753 - 779.[26J Evans` G.B.A. ` and Savin` N.E.(1984) "Testing for Unit Roots: 2", Econometrica` Vol.52 , 1241 - 1269.[27] Engle • R.F. ` and Granger` C.W.J.(1987) : "Co-integration and ErrorCorrection: Representation, Estimation and Testing" , Econometrica` Vol.55, No.2, March , 251 - 276.[28] Engle` R.F. ` and Yoo ` B.S.(1991) : "Cointegrated Economic Time Series: An Querview with New Results" , Long-Run Economic Relationships (Readingin Cointegration) , Edited by Engle,R.F. and Granger, C. W.J. , Oxford UniversityPress.[29] Fair ` R.C.(1974) : "An Evaluation of a Short-Run Forecasting model" ,International Economic Review` Vol.15 , No.2, June.[30] Fair ` R.C.(1979) : "An aAnalysis of the Accuracy of Four MacroeconometricModel" , Journal of Political Economy` Vol. 87 , No.4-.[31] Fair ` R.C.(1980) : "Estimating the Expected Predictive Accuracy of EconometricModels" , International Economic Review, Vol.21 , No.2, June.[32] Fair` R.C.(1984) : "Specification) Estimation) and Analysis of MacroeconometricModels" , Harvard University Press.[33] Fair ` R.C.(1986) : "Evaluating the Predictive Accuracy of Models" , Handbookof Econometrics, Vol.3 , North-Holland.[34] Fuller` W.A.(1976) : "Introduction to Statistical Time Series" , AIowa StateUniversity.[35] Ganger C.W.J. ` and Newbold ` P.(1977) "Forecasting EconomicTime Series" , Nelv York: Academic Press.(36] Godfrey` L.G.(1988) : "Misspecification Test in Econometrics" , CambridgeUniversity Press.[37] Granger ` C. W.J. ` and Newbold ` P.(1974) : "Spurious Regression inEconometrics" , Journal of Econometrics , Vol.2 , 111 - 120.[38] Hansen ` L.P. ` and Sargent ` T.J .(1980) : "Formulating and EstimatingDynamic Linear Rational Expectations Models" , Journal of Economic Dyna.micsand Control 2 , 7 - 46.[39] Hansen I L.P. I and Sargent I T.J .(1982) : "Instrumental Variables proceduresfor Estimating Linear Rational Expectations Model" , Journal of MonetaryEconomics 9 , 263 - 296.[40] Hansen I L.P.(1982) : "Large Sample Prqperties of Generalized Method ofMoments Estimatorsll , Econometrica` Vol.50 , No.4 , July.[41] Hall, S.G.(1984) : "Practitioner`s Corner: On the Solution of High Order,Symmetric, Difference Equations" , Oxford Bulletiu of Economics and Statistics, 46 , 1.[42] Hall I S.G. and Henry I S.G.B.(1988) : "Macroeconomic Modeling" , ElsevierScience Publishing Company` New York.[43] Hargreaves ` C.P.(1992) : "The Relevance of Concepts of Long-Run Equilibriumto Macroeconomic Modelling: An Introduction" , Macroeconomic modelingof the Long Run Edited by Hargreaves Colin P. , Edward Elgar Publishing Limited, England[44] Hargreaves ` C.P.(1992) : "Macroeconomic Modeling of The LongRun" ,Edward Elgar Publishing Limited, England.[45] Hargraves I C.P.(1993) : "A Review of Methods of Estimating CointegratingRelationship" , For Eastern Jt.1eeting of the Econometric Society.[46] Herrndorf • N .(1984) : "A Functional Central Linit Theorem for `Weakly DependentSequences of Random Vanables" , Annal of Probability, 12 , 141 -153. [47] Hu Chun-tien(1992) : "Current Account,money,and Inflation in Taiwan duringthe 1980`s" , Presented in the Conference on "Monetary Policy in Semi-openEconomics" , Seoul, November.[48] Johansen` S.(1988) : "Statistical Analysis of Cointegration Vectors" , Journalof Economic dynamics and Control, 12 , 231 - 294.[49] Johansen`S. ` and Juselius ` K.(1990) : "Maximum Likelihood Estimationand Inference on Cointegration - with Applications to the Random forMoney" , Oxford Bulletiin of Economics & Statistics, 52 , 2.[50] Johansen, S . (1991) : "Estimation and Hypothesis Testing of CointegrationVectors in Gaussian Vector Autoregressive Models" , Econometrica` Vol.59 ,No.6, Nov. , 1551 - 1580.[51] Johansen`S. ` and Juselius ` K.(1992) : "Testing Structural Hypothesesin a multivariate Cointegration Analysis of the PPP and the UIP for UK" ,Journal of Econometrics , 53 , 245 - 269.[52] Johansen ` S.(1992) : "An 1(2) Cointegration Analysis of the PurchasingPower Parity Between Australia and the United States" , Edited by Colin Hargreaves`Edward Elgar Publishing Limited.[53] Johansen ` S.(1992) : "Cointegration in Partial Systems and the Efficiency ofSingle-Equation Analysis" , Journal of Econometrics, 52 , 389 - 402.[54] Juselius ` K. ` and Hargreaves` C.P.(1992) : "Long-Run relations in AustralianMonetary Data" , Macroeconomic Modelling of the Long Run , Editedby Hargreaves Colin P. , EDward Elgar Publishing Limited. [55] Kassa I K. (1992) : "Common Stochastic Trends in International Stock Mar~kets" , Journal of Monetary Economics, 29 , 95 - 124.[56] Klein I L.R. and Young R.M.(1980) : "An Introduction to EconometricForecasting Models" , -El ~ ~~.~ 0[57] Kunst I R. I and Neusser I K.(1990) : "Cointegration in a MacroeconomicSystem" , Journal of Applied Econometrics, Vol.5 , 351 - 365.[58] Lucas I R.E. Sr.(1976) "Economic Policy Evaluation: A Critique`) , Journalof Jv[onetary Economic, Supplement, 19 - 46.[59] Mosconic ` R. • and Giannini • C.(1992) : "Non-Causality in CointegratedSystem: Representation) stimation and Testing" , Oxford Bulletin of Economicsand Statistics.[60] Nelson • C.R. ` and Ploser • C.(1982) : "Trends and Random \\Nalks inMacroeconomic Time Series: Some Evidence and Implications" , Journal of lvIonetary Economics, 10 , 139 - 162.[61] Osterwald-Lenum Michael(1992) : "Practitioners` Corner: A Note withQuantiles of the Asymptotic Distribution of the Maximum Likelihood CointegrationRank Test Statistics" , Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics , 54 ,3.[62] Park, J.Y. ` and Phillips` P.C.B.(1988) : "Statistical Inference in RegresslOnswith Integrated Process: Part 1" , Econometric Theory , 4 , 468 -497.[63] Park, J.Y. ` and Phillips, P.C.B.(1989) : "Statistical Inference in RegressIOnswith Integrated Process : Part 2" , Econometric Theory , 5 , 91 -131.[64] Phillips, Peter C.B.(1986) : "Understanding Spurious Regressions in Econometrics", Journal of Econometrics , 33 , 45 - 68.[65] Phillips` Peter C.B.(1987) : "Asymptotic Expansions in Nondtationary VectorAutoregressions" , Econometric Theory` 3 , 45 - 68.[66] Phillips` Peter C.B . (1988) : "Regression Theory for Near-Integrated TimeSeries" , Econometrica , Vol .56 , No.5 , Septemper , 1021 - 1043.[67] Phillips, Peter C.B.(1991) : "Optimal Inference in Cointegrated Systems", Econometrica, Vol .59 , No.2, At/arch , 283 - 306.[68] Phillips ` Peter C.B.(1993) : "Fully Modified Least Squares and Autoregression", 1993 Far Eastern Nleeting of The Econometric Society.[69] Perman` Roger(1991) : "Cointegration: An Introduction to the Siterature", Journal of Economic Studies, Vol.18 , No.3, 3 - 30.[70] Perron` P.(1988) : "Trends and Random Walks in Macroeconomic Time Series: Further Evidence from a New Apporach" , Journal of Economic Dynamicsand Control, 12 , 297 - 332.[71] Perron ` P.(1989) : "The Great Crash 1 the Oil Price Shock 1 and the UnitRoot Hypothesis" , Econometrica, 57 , 1361 - 1401.[72] Perron` P.(1989) : "The Caculation of the Limiting Distribution of the LeastSquaresEstimator in a Near-Integrated Model" , Econometric Theory` 5 , 241- 255. [73] Perron ` P.(Fall 1990) ; "Time Series Econometrics" , Lecture Notes forEcon. , 513 , Department of Economics, Princeton University. ·[74] Quandt, R.E.(1983) : "Computational Problems and Methods" , Handbookof Econometrics, Vol.1 , North-Holland.[75] Qush ` D. ` and Wooldridge ` J.M.(1988) : "A Common Error m theTreatment of Trending Time Series" , Massachusetts Institute of Tchnology ,Department of Economics , Working paper No.483.[76] Said ` S.E. ` and Dickey , D.A.(1984) : ((Testing for Unit Roots InARMA(p,q) Model with Unknown p and q)) , Biometrika, 71 , 599 - 607.[77] Schotman ` P. I and Dijk ` Herman ` K. Van( 1991) : "A Bayesian Analysisof the Unit Root in Real Exchange Rates" , Journal of Econometrics, 49 ,195 - 238.[78] Sims C.A.(1980) "Macroeconomics and Peality`) , Econometrica` Vol.1:8, No.1 , January.[79] Sims` C.A.(1988) "Bayesin Skepticsim on Unit Root Econometrics" Journalof Economic Dynamics and Control, 12 , 463 - 474.[80] Sims` C.A. Stock,J.H. ` and Watson` M.W.(1990) : ((Inference in LinearTime Series Models with Some Unit Roots" , Econometrica` Vol.58 , No.1, January` 113 - 144.[81] Stock I J.H. I and Watson` M.W.(1988) ((Testing for Common Trends`;, JASA , 83 , 1097 - 1107. [82] Stock, J.H.(1991) : "Confidence Intervals for the Largest Autoregressive Ratein U.S. Macroeconomic Time Series" , Journal of Monetary Economics, 28 ,435 - 459.(83] Wickens ` M.R.(1982) : "The Efficient Estimation of Econometric Modelswith Rational Expectations" , Review of Economic Studies, XLIL , 55 - 67.[84] White ` H.(1984) : "Asymptotic Theory for Econometricians)) , Academicpress` INK. zh_TW