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題名 俄國女性就業問題之研究
The Research of Russian Women`` s Employment Situation
作者 韓政燕
Han, Cheng-Yen
貢獻者 吳嘉苓<br>陳美芬
Wu, Chia-Ling<br>Cheng, MeI-Fen
韓政燕
Han, Cheng-Yen
關鍵詞 蘇聯
俄羅斯
女性就業
工作
雙重負擔
職業隔離
婦女
The Soviet Union
Russia
Female employment
Work
Double
Occupational segregation
Woman
日期 2000
上傳時間 2016-05-11
摘要 本論文主要目的是想探討蘇聯解體前後女性就業情形的轉變，以及政治經濟上的變化對於俄羅斯女性就業產生的影響。因此，在第二章中，首先回顧蘇聯時期，在各領導人所宣揚的意識型態下，女性在就業市場中的情形。本章主要根據共黨領導人的交替來劃分時期，主要可以分為1917年革命後至1930年代初，史達林統治時期（1930-1953），赫魯雪夫時期（1957-1964）及布里茲涅夫時期（1964-1982），以及戈巴契夫時期（1985-1991）。內容著重於不同時期女性就業的實際情形，並試圖分析影響蘇聯女性就業的背後因素。儘管在蘇聯時期針對女性就業做過不少的統計調查及研究，然而，政府為了宣揚男女平權的成就，往往報喜不報憂。因此在本章中會注重官方說法與實際情形間的差異，輔以西方學者所做的調查加以整理。
The goal of this thesis is to discuss the transformation from the Soviet Union to the new Russia, and analyze how the changes on the politics and economics influence women employment. In the first chapter, it displays the framework of the thesis. In the chapter two, we try to understand the women’s employment situation in the Soviet Union. It includes five periods: from 1917 revolution to the beginning of 1930s, the Stalin period (1930-1953), the Khrushev period (1964-1982), the Breznev period, and the Gorbachev period (1985-1991). It stresses the real employment situation of the Soviet women, and finds out the background reason. We’re specially cautious of the differences between the official statement and the fact. In the chapter three, it includes the economic reform and the impact on people. The law of the Soviet Union’s labor is also in this chapter. In the chapter four, it is about the status of Russia women in the new labor market, and analyzes what’s the reason influence their work situation.
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     Ashwin, S. and E. Bowers (1997)` Do Russian women want to work` in M. Buckley (ed.) Post- Soviet Women: from the Baltic to Central Asia, New York: Cambridge University Press.
     Atkinson, D., A. Dallin, and G. W. Lapidus (1978) Women in Russia, U. K. : The Harvester Press.
     Attwood, L. (1996)` The post-Soviet woman in the move to the market: a return to domesticity and dependence? in R. Marsh (ed.) Women in Russia and Ukraine, New York: Cambridge University Press.
     Azarova, Yeo (1995)` Social Security for Women and Children in Russia in V. Koval (ed.) Women in contemporary Russia, USA: Berghahn Books, pp.60-72.
     Bobkov, V. (1994)" The Russian Population s Living Standard During the Reform
     Period: Evaluation, Measurement, and Avenues of Stabilization" Problems of Economic Transition, vol. 37 , no. 5 , pp. 66-79.
     Boycko, M. and A. Shleifer (1995), Russian Restructuring and Social Benefits` in A. Aslund (ed.) Russian Economic Reform at Risk, New York: Pinter Bridger, S. (1992)` Young women and perestroika` in L. Edmondson (ed.) Women and Society in Russia and the Soviet Union, New York: Cambridge University Press.
     Bridge, S., R. Kay and K. Pinnick (1996) No More Heroines? Russia, Women and the Market, London: Routledge
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     Bruno, M. (1997), Women and the culture of entrepreneurship` in M. Buckley (ed.) Post-Soviet Women: from the Baltic to Central Asia, New York: Cambridge University Press.
     Buckley, M. (1989) Women and Ideology in the Soviet Union, U. S. A: The University of Michigan Press.
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     Dodge, N. T. ( 1978)` Women in the Professions in D. Atkinson, A. Dallin and G. W. Lapidus (ed.) Women in Russia, U. S. A.: The Harvester Press, pp .205-224.
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     Gruzdeva, E. L. Rzhanitsyna and Z. Khotkina (1993) "Women in the Labor Market" , Problems a/Economic Transition, vol. 35, no. 10, pp. 45-55 .
     Ilic, M. (1996) `" Generals without armies, commanders without troops`: " Gorbachev s protection` of female workers in M. Rosalind (ed.) Women in Russia
     and Ukraine, New York: Cambridge University Press, pp. 228-240.
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     Layard, R. and A. Richter (1995)` Labor Market Adjustment- The Russian Way in A Aslund (ed.) Russian Economic Reform at Risk, London: Pinter, pp. 119-147.
     Layard, R. R. 1. Parker 著, 白潔等譯(1997)俄羅斯重振雄風，北京:中央編譯出版社。
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     Magun, V. and V. Gimpelson (1993)" Russian Workers` Strategies in Adjusting to Unfavourable Changes in employment` ,Economic and Industrial Democracy, yol. 14, pp.95-117.
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     McAuley, A. (1981) Women s work and wages in the Soviet Union, London: George Allen & Unwin Ltd.
     Mezentseva, Y. (1994)` What Does The Future Hold? (Some Thoughts on the Prospects for Women s Employment] in Posadskaya, A. (ed.) Women in Russia: A New Era in Russian Feminism, London and New York: Verso, pp. 74-84.
     Mezentseva, Y. (1994)` Equal Opportunities or Protectionist Measures? The Choice Facing Women in Posadskaya, A. (ed.) Women in Russia: A New Era in Russian Feminism, London and New York: Verso, pp. 109-122.
     Millar, J. R. (ed.) (1971) The Soviet Rural Community, Urbana: University of Illinois Press.
     Molyneux, M, (1984) , Women in Socialist Societies: Problems of Theory and Practice, in K. Yang, C. Wolkowitz and R. McCullagh (ed.) Of Man-iage and the Market: Women`s Subordination Internationally and its Lessons, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, pp. 55-56,
     Monousova, G. (1996)` Gender Differentiation and Industrial Relations` in S. Clarke (ed.) Conflict and Change in the Russian Industrial Enterprise, UK: Edward Elgar.
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     張晉芬( 1999) ，「私有化符合誰的利益?檢視台灣公營事業所有權移轉的社會效果」，台灣社會學研究，第3 期， 115-152 頁。
描述 碩士
國立政治大學
俄羅斯研究所
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G91NCCU5922012
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 吳嘉苓<br>陳美芬zh_TW
dc.contributor.advisor Wu, Chia-Ling<br>Cheng, MeI-Fenen_US
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 韓政燕zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) Han, Cheng-Yenen_US
dc.creator (作者) 韓政燕zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) Han, Cheng-Yenen_US
dc.date (日期) 2000en_US
dc.date.accessioned 2016-05-11-
dc.date.available 2016-05-11-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 2016-05-11-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G91NCCU5922012en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/96474-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 俄羅斯研究所zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 本論文主要目的是想探討蘇聯解體前後女性就業情形的轉變，以及政治經濟上的變化對於俄羅斯女性就業產生的影響。因此，在第二章中，首先回顧蘇聯時期，在各領導人所宣揚的意識型態下，女性在就業市場中的情形。本章主要根據共黨領導人的交替來劃分時期，主要可以分為1917年革命後至1930年代初，史達林統治時期（1930-1953），赫魯雪夫時期（1957-1964）及布里茲涅夫時期（1964-1982），以及戈巴契夫時期（1985-1991）。內容著重於不同時期女性就業的實際情形，並試圖分析影響蘇聯女性就業的背後因素。儘管在蘇聯時期針對女性就業做過不少的統計調查及研究，然而，政府為了宣揚男女平權的成就，往往報喜不報憂。因此在本章中會注重官方說法與實際情形間的差異，輔以西方學者所做的調查加以整理。zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) The goal of this thesis is to discuss the transformation from the Soviet Union to the new Russia, and analyze how the changes on the politics and economics influence women employment. In the first chapter, it displays the framework of the thesis. In the chapter two, we try to understand the women’s employment situation in the Soviet Union. It includes five periods: from 1917 revolution to the beginning of 1930s, the Stalin period (1930-1953), the Khrushev period (1964-1982), the Breznev period, and the Gorbachev period (1985-1991). It stresses the real employment situation of the Soviet women, and finds out the background reason. We’re specially cautious of the differences between the official statement and the fact. In the chapter three, it includes the economic reform and the impact on people. The law of the Soviet Union’s labor is also in this chapter. In the chapter four, it is about the status of Russia women in the new labor market, and analyzes what’s the reason influence their work situation.en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents 第一章 緒論
     第一章 研究動機 1
     第二節 文獻分析 5
     第三節 研究內容及架構 9
     第二章 歷史回顧 12
     第一節 1917年革命至1930年代 14
     第二節 史達林時期(1930-1953) 17
     第三節 赫雪夫時期(1953-1964) 20
      布里茲幼夫時期(1964-1982)
     第四節 戈巴契夫時期(1985-1991) 33
     第三章 經濟改革、蘇聯勞動市場及法令規定
     第一節 蘇聯解體前的經濟狀況及改革 45
     第二節 蘇聯解體後的經濟改革 49
     第三節 蘇聯時期的勞動市場 56
     第四節 蘇聯時期的法令規定 61
     第四章 俄羅斯女性參與勞動市場的現況與困境
     第一節 經濟改革後對於人民生活的影響 70
     第二節 女性失業問題 79
     第三節 女性勞動參與的現狀與限制 93
     第四節 女性處於劣勢的原因 103
     第五節 蘇聯解體後的法令規定 106
     第五章 結論 112
     參考書目 116		zh_TW
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G91NCCU5922012en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 蘇聯zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 俄羅斯zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 女性就業zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 工作zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 雙重負擔zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 職業隔離zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 婦女zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) The Soviet Unionen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Russiaen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Female employmenten_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Worken_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Doubleen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Occupational segregationen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Womanen_US
dc.title (題名) 俄國女性就業問題之研究zh_TW
dc.title (題名) The Research of Russian Women`` s Employment Situationen_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen_US
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 英文部分:
     Ashwin, S. and E. Bowers (1997)` Do Russian women want to work` in M. Buckley (ed.) Post- Soviet Women: from the Baltic to Central Asia, New York: Cambridge University Press.
     Atkinson, D., A. Dallin, and G. W. Lapidus (1978) Women in Russia, U. K. : The Harvester Press.
     Attwood, L. (1996)` The post-Soviet woman in the move to the market: a return to domesticity and dependence? in R. Marsh (ed.) Women in Russia and Ukraine, New York: Cambridge University Press.
     Azarova, Yeo (1995)` Social Security for Women and Children in Russia in V. Koval (ed.) Women in contemporary Russia, USA: Berghahn Books, pp.60-72.
     Bobkov, V. (1994)" The Russian Population s Living Standard During the Reform
     Period: Evaluation, Measurement, and Avenues of Stabilization" Problems of Economic Transition, vol. 37 , no. 5 , pp. 66-79.
     Boycko, M. and A. Shleifer (1995), Russian Restructuring and Social Benefits` in A. Aslund (ed.) Russian Economic Reform at Risk, New York: Pinter Bridger, S. (1992)` Young women and perestroika` in L. Edmondson (ed.) Women and Society in Russia and the Soviet Union, New York: Cambridge University Press.
     Bridge, S., R. Kay and K. Pinnick (1996) No More Heroines? Russia, Women and the Market, London: Routledge
     Bridger, S. and R. Kay (1996)` Gender and generation in the new Russian labour markef in H. Pilkington (ed.) Gender, Generation and Identity in Contemporary Russia, New York: Routledge, pp.21-38.
     Bruno, M. (1997), Women and the culture of entrepreneurship` in M. Buckley (ed.) Post-Soviet Women: from the Baltic to Central Asia, New York: Cambridge University Press.
     Buckley, M. (1989) Women and Ideology in the Soviet Union, U. S. A: The University of Michigan Press.
     Dmitriev, M. and T. Maleva (1997)" Russian Labor Market in Transition: Trends, Specific Features, and State Policy` Social Research, vol. 64, no. 4, pp. 1499-1529.
     Dodge, N. T. ( 1978)` Women in the Professions in D. Atkinson, A. Dallin and G. W. Lapidus (ed.) Women in Russia, U. S. A.: The Harvester Press, pp .205-224.
     Filtzer, D. (1996) Industrial working conditions and the political economy of female labour during perestroiki in M. Rosalind (ed .) Women in Russia and Ukraine, New York: Cambridge University Press, pp. 214-227.
     Gerber, T. P. and M. Hout ( 1998)" More Shock than Thearpy: Market Transitoin, Employment, and Income in Russia, 1991-1995" ,American Journal q( Sociology, vol. 104, no. 1, pp. 1-50.
     Gruzdeva, E. L. Rzhanitsyna and Z. Khotkina (1993) "Women in the Labor Market" , Problems a/Economic Transition, vol. 35, no. 10, pp. 45-55 .
     Ilic, M. (1996) `" Generals without armies, commanders without troops`: " Gorbachev s protection` of female workers in M. Rosalind (ed.) Women in Russia
     and Ukraine, New York: Cambridge University Press, pp. 228-240.
     Khanin, G.(1992) , The Soviet Economy- from Crisis to Catastrophe` in A. Aslund(ed.) The Post- Soviet Economy Soviet and Western Perspectives, Great Britain: Pinter PublisherLimited.
     Khotkina, Z. (1994) , Women in the Labour Market: Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow ` in A. Posadskaya (ed.) Women in Russia: A New Era in Russian Feminism, London and New York: Verso, pp. 85-108.
     Khudiakiva, T. (1993)` Ofitsiaf naia bezrabotitsa - 1 protsent, rear naia - okolo 1 a , Izvestiia 16 September: 2.
     Klinova, Yeo B. (1995), Women and Legal Rights in Russia in V Koval (ed.) Women in contemporary Russia, USA: Berghahn Books, pp. 47-59.
     Koval, V V (1995) Women in contemporary Russia, USA: Berghahn Books
     Lapidus, G. W. (1978) Women in Soviet Society: Equality, Development, and Social Change, U. S. A.: University of California Press.
     Lapidus, G. W. (1979) `The Female Industrial Labor Force: Dilemmas, Reassessments, and Options` in A. Kahan and B. Ruble (ed.) Industrial Labor in the U S. S. R U. S. A: Pergamon Press, pp. 232-279.
     Layard, R. and A. Richter (1995)` Labor Market Adjustment- The Russian Way in A Aslund (ed.) Russian Economic Reform at Risk, London: Pinter, pp. 119-147.
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