1. NCCU Academic Hub
  2. 學術產出
  3. College of International Affairs
  4. Theses
  5. Item

學術產出-Theses

Article View/Open

Publication Export

Google ScholarTM

政大圖書館

Citation Infomation

  • No doi shows Citation Infomation
題名 韓流現象及其對泰國軟實力發展策略之意涵
The Korean Wave Phenomenon and Its Implications for Thailand’s Soft Power Strategy
作者 黃懿臻
Teptarakunkarn, Sunisa
貢獻者 姜家雄
Chiang, Alex
黃懿臻
Teptarakunkarn, Sunisa
關鍵詞 韓國
泰國
韓流
韓劇
韓國電影
K- POP
流行文化
軟實力
South Korea
Thailand
Korean wave
Korean drama
Korean film
K-pop
Popular culture
soft power
日期 2016
上傳時間 11-Jul-2016 17:50:39 (UTC+8)
摘要 此研究以嚴謹性和系統性地探討韓流話題的重要文獻及二手資料，並透過結構及語境動態來描述此現象的發展，支持關於韓國的流行文化散播。韓國電影、戲劇、韓語流行樂在亞太地區有潛在的軟實力，其為影響的工具，無形地施展國家勢力。如此來衡量泰國有可能效仿韓國的成功例子，並從案例經驗中制定適用的策略。
經分析後發現，對於韓國娛樂產業的發展必須融入政治、文化和經濟，加上內外部因素來評估對接受度高的國家之這類文化性的影響，以全面性地瞭解此現象及韓國的發展歷程。從這點來看，韓流的案例可成為泰國效仿並創建向外界宣揚泰國文化的參考。
This study has critically and systemically reviewed important literature and secondary resources in the topic of the Korean wave in order to provide the overall picture of the structural and contextual dynamics in which this phenomenon has developed, sustained and succeeded and to link the dissemination of South Korea’s popular culture: Korean films, dramas, and K-pop, with its potentiality as soft power assets capable of expanding the country’s sphere of influence in the Asia-pacific region, so as to gauge to possibility for Thailand to emulate South Korea’s success by learning from the latter’s experience and devising the strategies applicable in its own context.

Upon the analysis, it is found that it is vital to incorporate political, cultural and economic environment, as well as the internal and external factors leading to the development of Korean entertainment industry in the research, and measure the impacts of such cultural flow in the recipient countries in order to construct the overall picture of this phenomenon and to develop a holistic understanding of South Korea’s experience. From this embarking point, the case of the Korea wave can be used as a reference point for Thailand to emulate and create its own outbound cultural flow.
參考文獻 Apple Daily. (2012, 8 November). Sales of Korean language books are two times higher than Japanese language. Retrieved 10 May, 2016, from http://www.appledaily.com.tw/appledaily/article/supplement/20120811/34430823/
Bangkok Post. (2012, 12 June). Muay Thai in Mexico: So far yet so near, Bangkok Post, p. 12.
BBC. (2014, 4 December). Gangnam Style music video `broke` YouTube view limit, BBC News. Retrieved from http://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-30288542
Brand Buffet. (2016). Pud-foon: 33 pee jark nee GMM kodsana luan (On its 33rd anniversary, GMM aims to drive revenues from advertisements). Retrieved 23 May, 2016, from http://www.brandbuffet.in.th/2016/03/grammy-gmm-business-digital-leader/#CzajUrQ6oy82UAwp.97
Cai, Jian. (2008, 15 October). China’s first taste of the Korean wave. Korean Wave. Retrieved 10 May, 2016, from http://journeyeast.tripod.com/korean_wave_in_china.html
Center for Strategic and International Studies. (2011). Changing security paradigm and Korea’s new Asia policy: vision for 2030. Paper presented at the Pacific Forum CSIS: Young Leaders, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Chaiworaporn, Anchalee. (2014). Karn-judjumnai lae talad-parbpayontr Thai nai tangprated (The international distribution and markets of Thai film). Bangkok: Ministry of Culture of Kingdom of Thailand.
Chan, Brenda. (2007). Film-induced tourism in Asia: A case study of Korean television drama and female viewers` motivation to visit Korea. Tourism Culture & Communication, 7(3), 207-224.
Chien, Eugenia. (2006). China, Taiwan crack down on Korean soap operas. Retrieved 10 May, 2016, from http://www.berkeleydailyplanet.com/issue/2006-01-20/article/23255?headline=China-Taiwan-Crack-Down-on-Korean-Soap-Operas-By-EUGENIA-CHIEN-Pacific-News-Service
China Daily. (2006, 3 January). Lee Young-ae tops Hong Kong chart as Woman of the Year. Retrieved 5 May, 2016, from http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/english/doc/2006-01/03/content_508879.htm
China Daily Asia. (2016, March 11). China beats US in cultural goods export: UNESCO. China Daily Asia. from http://www.chinadailyasia.com/nation/2016-03/11/content_15398783.html
Choe, Yong-Shik. (2001, 31 August). Asia dreaming of Korea’s pop singers and actors’, Korea Herald, p. 31.
Choi, Jinhee. (2010). The South Korean film renaissance: local hitmakers, global provocateurs: Wesleyan University Press.
Chongkittavorn, Kavi. (2013, 5 August). Thai soft power in China: amulets, dramas, durian, Opinion, The Nation, p. 3A.
Chongkittavorn, Kavi. (2014, 29 September). Time for Thailand to develop smart power, Opinion, The Nation, p. 3A.
Chua, Beng Huat, & Iwabuchi, Koichi. (2008). East Asian pop culture: Analysing the Korean wave (Vol. 1): Hong Kong University Press.
CRI Thailand. (2016, 29 April). Wong karn parbpayontr cheen boon chai Thai pen location (Chinese film productions choose Thailand as their prime filming location). Retrieved 19 May, 2016, from http://thai.cri.cn/247/2016/04/29/102s241832_1.htm
Deecharoen, Surassawadee. (2014). Soft Power in International Politics: A Case Study of South Korean Popular Culture. East Asian Studies Center Ramkhamhaeng University.
Department of Tourism. (2016a). Sathiti karn taitum parbpayontr (Film production statistics). Retrieved 10 May, 2016, from http://www.tourism.go.th/home/listcontent/11/223/138
Department of Tourism. (2016b). Sathiti karn tongteaw (Tourism statistics) Retrieved 10 May, 2016, from http://www.tourism.go.th/home/listcontent/11/221/276
Ding, Sheng. (2011). Branding a rising China: An analysis of Beijing’s national image management in the age of China’s rise. Journal of Asian and African Studies, 46(3), 293-306.
Ding, Sheng. (2015). Engaging Diaspora via Charm Offensive and Indigenised Communication: An Analysis of China`s Diaspora Engagement Policies in the Xi Era. Politics, 35(3-4), 230-244.
Duong, Nguyen Hoai Phuong. (2016). Korean Wave as Cultural Imperialism: A Study of K-pop Reception in Vietnam. (Master of Arts), Leiden University. (Namhee Han)
Fensom, Anthony. (2015, July 22, 2015). Asia’s Soft Power Deficit, Commentaries, The Diplomat. Retrieved from http://thediplomat.com/2015/07/asias-soft-power-deficit/
Ganjanakhundee, Suapalak. (2016). PM pledges Thai commitment to UN peacekeeping work. Retrieved 20 May, 2016, from http://www.nationmultimedia.com/politics/PM-pledges-Thai-commitment-to-UN-peacekeeping-work-30269838.html
Hicap, Jonathan M. (2016, 12 April). Korean cultural exports hit $2.82 billion in 2015. Retrieved 4 May, 2016, from http://www.mb.com.ph/korean-cultural-exports-hit-2-82-billion-in-2015/
Ho, Swee-Lin. (2012). Fuel for South Korea`s" Global Dreams Factory": The Desires of Parents Whose Children Dream of Becoming K-pop Stars*. Korea Observer, 43(3), 471-483.
Hong, Euny (2014). The Birth of Korean Cool: How One Nation Is Conquering the World Through Pop Culture: Picador.
Hou, Cheng-Nan, Tsai, Tzung-Je, & Chen, Hsin-Hsin. (2011). New Asian Cultural Proximity and Modernity under the Soft Power: Examining Reception of Korean TV Drama in East Asia. Renwen yu shehui xuebao.
Howard, Keith. (2002). Exploding ballads: the transformation of Korean pop music Global Goes Local: Popular Culture in Asia (pp. 80-95). Vancouver: University of British Columbia Press.
Huang, Shuling. (2011). Nation-branding and transnational consumption: Japan-mania and the Korean wave in Taiwan. Media, Culture & Society, 33(1), 3-18.
Hyundai Econonomic Research Institute. (2004). Hallyu and its commercialization strategies. Seoul.
IFPI. (2016). South Korea Music Industry. Retrieved 9 April, 2016, from http://www.ifpi.org/south-korea.php
Inchan, Noppadol. (2012). “Korean Drama Series: A Case Study of Korean Culture Fever Wave in Thai Society Context”. Institute of Culture and Arts Journal 14(1 ), 27-53.
Independent. (2011, August 7). Korean Wave Starts Lapping on Europe`s Shores, Independent.
Ireland, Corydon. (2007). Friendly wave hits Asia: The cultural `Korean wave` is analyzed, enjoyed at the Kennedy School. Retrieved 10 April, 2016, from http://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2007/02/friendly-wave-hits-asia/
Jakarta Post. (2011, July 18). Korean Wave Casts a Spell in Indonesia, Jakarta Post. A2.
Jang, Gunjoo, & Won, Paik. (2012). Korean Wave as tool for Korea’s new cultural diplomacy. Advances in applied sociology, 2(03).
Jeon, Won Kyung. (2013). The ‘Korean Wave’and television drama exports, 1995-2005. (PhD), University of Glasgow.
Jin, Dal Yong. (2006). Cultural politics in Korea`s contemporary films under neoliberal globalization. Media Culture Society, 28(1), 5-23.
Jirathikorn, Umporn. (2015). Lakorn Thai nai ASEAN (Thai dramas in ASEAN), Bangkok Business Newspaper. Retrieved from http://www.bangkokbiznews.com/blog/detail/636221#sthash.phHEgwES.dpuf
Juknevičiūtė, Laima. (2011). The soft power implications of the new South Korean film: Approaching audiences in East Asia and Lithuania. Acta Orientalia Vilnensia.
Jung, Sun. (2010). Korean masculinities and transcultural consumption: Yonsama, Rain, Oldboy, K-Pop idols (Vol. 1): Hong Kong University Press.
Jung, Sun. (2011). K-pop, Indonesian fandom, and social media. Transformative Works and Cultures, 8.
Karok-kamarst, Passawan. (2011). Karn-censor parbpayontr-Thai pai-tai prarajbanyat parbpayontr lae viditart B.E. 2551 (Censorship and Motion Pictures and Video Act B.E. 2551). Information Technology Management Journal, 1(October 2010-March 2011).
Kazuo, Ogoura. (2006). The limits of soft power. Japan Echo, 33(5), 48-55.
KBS News. (2006). Hot Blast of Winter Sonata Grips Japan. KBS News. from http://english.kbs.co.kr/about/Latest_at.html?No=6513&page=23
Keawmanee, Revadi. (2014). Utsahakarm Sue-banterng the star...nai kra-sae pattana sue-sanrgsarn (Entertainment industry, bright star among creative industries). Bangkok: The Office of Industrial Economics, Ministry of Commerce of Kingdom of Thailand.
Khaosa-ard, Mingsarn. (2013, 23 January). Jark lakorn Thai soo karn-song-ork (From Thai dramas to export goods), Matichon, p. 4. Retrieved from http://www.ppsi.or.th/download/ppsi/20160307-020.pdf
Khaosa-ard, Mingsarn. (2016). T-pop kub karn-kayai-tua kong naktongteaw-cheen nai Thai (T-pop and its impact on increasing the number of Chinese tourists in Thailand). Bangkok: Public Policy Studies Institute Foundation.
Kim, Hong-Koo. (2011). Analyzing Thai Wave in South Korea. Kyoto Review of Southeast Asia 11(2011).
Kim, Samuel Seongseop, Agrusa, Jerome, Chon, Kaye, & Cho, Youngshin. (2008). The effects of Korean pop culture on Hong Kong residents` perceptions of Korea as a potential tourist destination. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 24(2-3), 163-183.
Kim, Samuel Seongseop, Agrusa, Jerome, Lee, Heesung, & Chon, Kaye. (2007). Effects of Korean television dramas on the flow of Japanese tourists. Tourism Management, 28(5), 1340-1353.
Kim, Sangkyun. (2012). Audience involvement and film tourism experiences: Emotional places, emotional experiences. Tourism Management, 33(2), 387-396.
Kim, Seongseop, & Kim, Miju. (2009). Effect of Hallyu Cultural Products in Thai Society on Enhancement of Korean National Image and Intention to Visit. Korean Journal of Tourism Research, 23(4), 101-125.
Kim, Youna. (2007). The rising East Asian ‘Wave’ Media on the Move (pp. 121-130).
Kim, Youna (Ed.). (2013). The Korean Wave: Korean Media Go Global (Internationalizing Media Studies) (First ed.). New York, NY: Routledge.
Kim, Taehwan. (2012). Paradigm Shift in Diplomacy: A Conceptual Model for Korea`s" New Public Diplomacy". Korea Observer, 43(4), 527-553.
Ko, Jeong-Min. (2005). A Study on Competitiveness of ‘Korean Wave’Contents. Culture Industry Research, 5(2), 5-18.
Ko, Shu-ling. (2006). TAIWAN: GIO looking to take foreign soap operas off prime time TV. Retrieved 5 May, 2016, from http://www.taipeitimes.com/News/front/archives/2006/01/11/2003288408
Korea Cultural Contents Agency. (2010). KOCCA Focus (10-02). Seoul: KOCCA.
Korea Times. (2004). "Yonsama` Photos Reveal New Side of Asian Star. Retrieved from http://article.wn.com/view/2004/11/21/Yonsama_Photos_Reveal_New_Side_of_Asian_Star/
Korean Culture and Information Service. (2011). The Korean Wave: A New Pop Culture Phenomenon Vol. 1.
Lai, Hongyi. (2006). China`s cultural diplomacy: going for soft power: East Asian Institute, National University of Singapore.
Lam, Peng Er. (2007). Japan’s quest for “soft power”: attraction and limitation. East Asia, 24(4), 349-363.
Lee, Geun. (2009a). A soft power approach to the “Korean wave”. The review of Korean studies, 12(2), 123-137.
Lee, Geun. (2009b). A theory of soft power and Korea`s soft power strategy. The Korean Journal of Defense Analysis, 21(2), 205-218.
Lee, Jamie Shinhee. (2004). Linguistic hybridization in K‐Pop: discourse of self‐assertion and resistance. World Englishes, 23(3), 429-450.
Lee, Ji-yoon. (2014, 24 March 2014). YSL gets free ride on drama sensation, Korean Herald. Retrieved from http://www.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=20140324001347
Lee, Jung Yup. (2009). Contesting the digital economy and culture: digital technologies and the transformation of popular music in Korea. Inter‐Asia Cultural Studies, 10(4), 489-506.
Lee, Keehyeung. (2008). Mapping out the cultural politics of “the Korean Wave” in contemporary South Korea. East Asian pop culture: Analyzing the Korean wave, 175-190.
Lee, Shinwha. (2011). The theory and reality of soft power: Practical approaches in East Asia Public diplomacy and soft power in East Asia (pp. 11-32): Springer.
Lee, Sook Jong. (2011). South Korean Soft Power and How South Korea Views the Soft Power of Others. In Sook Jong Lee and Jan Melissen (Ed.), Public Diplomacy and Soft Power in East AsiaPalgrave Macmillan Series in Global Public Diplomacy (pp. 139-163). New York, NY: Palgrave Macmillan.
Leong, Anthony CY. (2002). Korean Film: The New Hong Kong: a Guidebook for the Latest Korean New Wave: Trafford on Demand Pub.
Lertwiram, Pairor. (2011). Jood-lerm-ton kong seang-greed T-pop (How the popularity of T-pop begins). Positioning Magazine, October 2011.
Leung, Lisa. (2008). Mediating nationalism and modernity: The transnationalization of Korean dramas on Chinese (satellite) TV. East Asian Pop Culture: Analyzing the Korean Wave, 53-70.
Li, Ya-zhu. (2013). The visual culture of Korean pop music: a case study on the seeing using of the music videos of girls` generation. (Master of Arts), NCCU, Taiwan.
Lie, John. (2012). What is the K in K-pop? South Korean popular music, the culture industry, and national identity. Korea Observer, 43(3), 339-363.
Lie, John. (2014). K-pop: Popular Music, Cultural Amnesia, and Economic Innovation in South Korea: Univ of California Press.
Limb, Jae-un. (2015). Gov`t to spend KRW 452.2 billion on creative industries, Korean Culture and Information Service (KOCIS). Retrieved from http://www.korea.net/NewsFocus/Policies/view?articleId=124424
Lin, Yu‐Shan, & Huang, Jun‐Ying. (2008). Analyzing the use of TV miniseries for Korea tourism marketing. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 24(2-3), 223-227.
Luguusharav, Byambakhand. (2011). Soft Power In The Context Of South Korea. (Master of Arts), Central European University, Budapest, Hungary.
Maliangkay, Roald. (2006). When the Korean wave ripples. IIAS Newsletter, (Autumn Issue). Retrieved from The Australian National University website: http://iias.asia/sites/default/files/IIAS_NL42_15.pdf
Manager Newspaper. (2012). Lakorn Thai: Nao jone dai dee (Thai dramas: best of melodramatic cliche), Manager Newspaper. Retrieved from http://www.manager.co.th/Entertainment/ViewNews.aspx?NewsID=9530000159110
Manager Newspaper. (2016). Panchoonchai poosarngnang-formyuk faikeaw martrakarn-kuenngern sibha-percent maikern roi-lran-baht tor-rueng (Thai cabinet approves foriegn film productions 15 per cent cash rebate policy). Retrieved 20 May, 2016, from http://www.manager.co.th/Politics/ViewNews.aspx?NewsID=9580000090991
Melissen, Sook Jong Lee and Jan (Ed.). (2011). Public Diplomacy and Soft Power in East Asia (1 ed.). New York, NY: Palgrave Macmillan.
Min, Eungjun, Joo, Jinsook, & Kwak, Han Ju. (2003). Korean film: History, resistance, and democratic imagination: Greenwood Publishing Group.
Minh, Pham Quang. (2015). Vietnam catches the Korean wave. Retrieved 4 April, 2016, from http://www.eastasiaforum.org/2015/02/19/vietnam-catches-the-korean-wave/
Ministry of Culture. (2008). Prarajbanyat parbpayontr lae viditart (Motion Pictures and Video Act B.E. 2551). Bangkok: Ministry of Culture Retrieved from http://province.m-culture.go.th/chanthaburi/tv.pdf.
Ministry of Economy Trade and Industry (Japan). (2014). Cool Japan: Creative Industries Policy. Retrieved 4 May, 2016, from www.meti.go.jp/english/policy/mono_info_service/creative_industries/creative_industries.html
Ministry of Foreign Affairs. (2016). Press Releases : “Thailand’s Contributions to UN Peacekeeping and Peace-Related Operations” Exhibition to be organized at the UN Headquarters from 16 – 26 February 2016. Retrieved 15 May, 2016, from http://www.mfa.go.th/main/en/media-center/14/64562-%E2%80%9CThailand%E2%80%99s-Contributions-to-UN-Peacekeeping-and-P.html
Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Republic of Korea). (2016). ODA/Development Cooperation. Retrieved 10 May, 2016, from http://www.mofa.go.kr/ENG/policy/oda/index.jsp?menu=m_20_110
Monocle. (2014-15). Soft Power Survey 2014/15. Available from Monocle Monocle Retrieved November 25, 2015 http://monocle.com/film/affairs/soft-power-survey-2014-15/
Nagata, Kazuaki. (2012, May 15). Exporting Culture via Cool Japan, The Japan Times. Retrieved from http://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2012/05/15/reference/exporting-culture-via-cool-japan/
Nam, Siho. (2013). The cultural political economy of the Korean wave in East Asia: implications for cultural globalization theories. Asian perspective, 37(2), 209-231.
Nuttavuthisit, Krittinee. (2007). Branding Thailand: Correcting the negative image of sex tourism. Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 3(1), 21-30.
Nye, Joseph (2004a). The decline of America`s soft power. Foreign Affairs, 83(3), 16-21.
Nye, Joseph (2004b). Soft power: The means to success in world politics. United States: NY: Public Affairs.
Nye, Joseph (2011). The future of power. United States: NY: Public Affairs.
Nye, Joseph, & Kim, Youna. (2013). Soft power and the Korean Wave. The Korean Wave: Korean Media Go Global, 31-42.
Ogle, Alfred, & Ying, Lana Lee Tsz. (2013). Korean TV Soap Operas: An Assessment of the Academia-National Tourism Organisation (NTO) Professional Communication in the Korea Tourism Organization (KTO) 2013 Integrated Marketing Communication Strategy.
Olivié, Iliana, & Gracia, Manuel. (2016). Elcano Global Presence Report 2016. Madrid: Real Instituto Elcano.
Parc, Jimmyn. (2014). A retrospective on the Korean film policies. Groupe d’Economie Mondiale.
Parc, Jimmyn, & Hwy-Chang, Moon. (2013). Korean dramas and films: Key factors for their international competitiveness. Asian journal of social science, 41(2), 126-149.
Park, Seung Hyun. (2002). Film censorship and political legitimation in South Korea, 1987-1992. Film Journal, 42(1), 120-138.
Park, Yun-seon. (2011). A study on the globalization strategy of Korean music industry - A case of 「S. M. Entertainment」. (Master of Arts), NCCU, Taiwan.
Permanent Mission of Thailand to the United Nations. (2015). Peace and Security : Thailand and UN Peacekeeping. Retrieved 19 May, 2016, from http://www.thaiembassy.org/unmissionnewyork/en/relation/4903/56079-Thailand-and-UN-Peacekeeping.html
Portland. (2015). Soft Power 30 Index. Available from Portland Retrieved November 20, 2015, from Portland Index http://softpower30.portland-communications.com/

Potipan, Pavinee, & Worrawutteerakul, Nantaphorn. (2010). A Study of the Korean Wave in Order to be a Lesson to Thailand for Establishing a Thai Wave. (MIMA), Mälardalen University. School of Sustainable Development of Society and Technology. Retrieved from http://mdh.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:324954/FULLTEXT01
Prachachat Turakij. (2016). Pluk O-kard turakij-banterng "GMM" num-tup lakorn Thai pai puk-tong in Asia (Expanding the entertainment content market: GMM is taking Thai dramas to Asia market). Retrieved 23 May, 2016, from http://www.prachachat.net/news_detail.php?newsid=1458753534
Prachatham. (2016). Soft power: Amnart-sue and sai-ta nai ASEAN (Soft Power: The power of media and ASEAN`s perspective). Retrieved from Prachatham website: http://www.prachatham.com/article_detail.php?id=434
Ramstad, Evan. (2009 ). Riding the `Korean Wave`: Exporting ideas and culture, not just steel and silicon, The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved from http://www.wsj.com/articles/SB124267698913031617
Ravina, Mark. (2009). Introduction: Conceptualizing the Korean Wave. Southeast Review of Asian Studies, 31, 3-9.
Royal Thai Government. (2016, 9 May). Thai Government`s meeting with Korean Ambassador. Retrieved 10 May, 2016, from http://www.thaigov.go.th/index.php/th/news-ministry/2012-08-15-09-39-20
Ruddy, Braden. (2014). GastroDiplomacy. Public Diplomacy Magazine, Winter 2014, 29-32.
Ryoo, Woongjae. (2008). The political economy of the global mediascape: the case of the South Korean film industry. Media, culture, and society, 30(6), 873.
Ryoo, Woongjae. (2009). Globalization, or the logic of cultural hybridization: The case of the Korean wave. Asian Journal of Communication, 19(2), 137-151.
Seo, Min-Soo. (2012). Lessons from K-pop`s Global Success. SERI Quarterly, 5(3), 60.
Seog, S Hun, & Hyun, Yong J. (2009). Financing as a marketing strategy. Marketing Science, 28(3), 526-540.
Shim, Doobo. (2002). South Korean media industry in the 1990s and the economic crisis. Prometheus, 20(4), 337-350.
Shim, Doobo. (2006). Hybridity and the rise of Korean popular culture in Asia. Media, Culture & Society, 28(1), 25-44.
Shim, Doobo. (2008). The growth of Korean cultural industries and the Korean wave. East Asian pop culture: Analysing the Korean wave, 1, 15.
Shim, Doobo. (2009). Preparing for the post-Korean Wave Age. Paper presented at the Korea-Asean academic conference on pop culture formations across East Asia in the 21st century: hybridization or asianization, February 1-4, 2009, Burapha University, Thailand.
Shim, Sungeon. (2008). Behind the Korean Broadcasting Boom. NHK Broadcasting Studies, 6, 205-232.
Somboonkerd, Chantira. (2009). Trends of Thai Feature Film for International Export: A Case Study of Pusan Film Festival. (Master of Arts in Cultural Management), Thammasat University, Bangkok.
South China Morning Post. (2005, 4 May 2005). Record audience for finale of Korean TV drama, South China Morning Post. Retrieved from http://www.scmp.com/article/499161/record-audience-finale-korean-tv-drama
Sung, Sang-Yeon. (2010). Constructing a new image. Hallyu in Taiwan. European Journal of East Asian Studies, 9(1), 25-45.
Tada-amnuaychai, Montira. (2006). Korean Media Industry and Its Cultural Marketing-Strategy of K-pop. Paper presented at the Asia Culture Forum, available at: Ebook.
Tang, See Kit. (2014). Food and fashion: How K-drama is influencing Asia, CNBC News. Retrieved from http://www.cnbc.com/2014/06/18/food-and-fashion-how-k-drama-is-influencing-asia.html
Thai Rath. (2016a). Banterng-Thai jor talad-ASEAN: roo-kao-roo-rao T-wind penpaidai rue kae fun (Thai entertainment breaking into ASEAN: is T-wind just a dream or for real?), Thai Rath Newspaper, p. 13. Retrieved from http://www.thairath.co.th/content/559623
Thai Rath. (2016b, 22 January). Jood-keang pee Thai choo-rong! Vietnam rean-jark Korea lai kuad nang Thai (Thai film`s stronghold `horror film` will lead us to victory! Vietnam is trying to catch up by learning from Korea), Interview, Thai Rath Newspaper. Retrieved from http://www.thairath.co.th/content/566223
Thai Rath. (2016c, 29 January). Thai tid-kum-peang pasa! soo-talad-pleng ASEAN mai ngai (Language barrier obstructs the efforts to export Thai music to ASEAN market), Interview, Thai Rath Newspaper. Retrieved from http://www.thairath.co.th/content/569661
Thai Rath. (2016d, 15 January). Waetee nee maimee pee-leang `lakorn-dara Thai` jaisoo! lui talad eng mai-ngor park-rad (No soft-opening! Thai dramas and stars breaking into ASEAN market, even without the help from government), Interview, Thai Rath Newspaper. Retrieved from http://www.thairath.co.th/content/562657
Thailand International Film Destination Festival. (2016). Thailand International Film Destination Festival 2015. Retrieved 10 May, 2016, from http://www.thailandfilmdestination.com/
The Economist. (2014, August 9). South Korea’s soft power Soap, sparkle and pop, The Economist. Retrieved from http://www.economist.com/news/books-and-arts/21611039-how-really-uncool-country-became-tastemaker-asia-soap-sparkle-and-pop
The Korea Times. (2016, January 21). Asia, top destination for South Korean TV programs exported. http://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/culture/2016/03/386_195968.html
Tho, Nguyen Ngoc. (2012). Hallyu and Modern Vietnamese Culture. Department of Social Sciences and Humanities. Vietnam National University. Ho Chi Minh City. Retrieved from http://qlkh.hcmussh.edu.vn/Resources/Docs/SubDomain/qlkh/English/Nguyen%20Ngoc%20Tho.%20Hallyu%20and%20modern%20Vietnamese%20culture.pdf
Tuk, William. (2012). The Korean Wave: Who are behind the success of Korean popular culture? (Master of Art), Leiden University, Sweden.
University of Southern California. (2015). Eight Great Gastrodiplomacy Nations. Retrieved 10 May, 2016, from http://uscpublicdiplomacy.org/story/eight-great-gastrodiplomacy-nations
Van, Tham Hong. (2014). Investigating relationship between Korean celebrity involvement and Vietnamese fans destination perception. (Master of Arts), International University HCMC, Vietnam.
Viparanusart, Vichaya. (2013). Utsahakarm ban-terng reang-kub-kluen sumkarn kong karn tong teaw Thai (Entertainment industry: the important factor to drive Thai tourism). Retrieved 10 May, 2016, from http://www.ictsilpakorn.com/ictmedia/detail.php?news_id=266#.V0Lq4Pl97rd
Wall Street Journal. (2014, Febuary 2014). Korean TV Show Sparks Chicken and Beer Craze in China, Wall Street Journal Retrieved from http://blogs.wsj.com/chinarealtime/2014/02/26/korean-tv-show-sparks-chicken-and-beer-craze-in-china/
Wang, Chia-Chen. (2014). Effects of Japanophilia and Korea-philia on Taiwan`s Cultural Identity──A Case Study of Japanese Drama and Korean Drama. (Master of Arts), National aiwan Normal Univerity, Taiwan.
Wattanavrangkul, Kobkarn. (2012). Soft Power Behind Smiles. Paper presented at the World Economic Forum on East Asia in 2012 http://www.weforum.org/sessions/summary/soft-power-behind-smiles
Wheatley, Alan. (2014, June 2014). Asian Style. Finance & Development, 51.
Whitelocks, Sadie. (2014). YSL lipstick selling for up to $95 a tube on eBay after star of Korean soap sparks global sellout, Daily Mail. Retrieved from http://www.dailymail.co.uk/femail/article-2596352/YSL-lipstick-selling-95-tube-eBay-star-Korean-soap-sparks-global-sellout.html#ixzz3vnteUUi9
Whitney, Christopher. (2009). Soft Power in Asia: results of a 2008 Multinational Survey of Public Opinion In David Shambaugh (Ed.). Chicago: The Chicago Council on Global Affairs and the East Asia Institute.
Wu, Ya-dan. (2004). Understanding K-fans through K-dramas. Zhongguo qingnian yanjiu, 2004(1), 31-38.
Yang, Jonghoe. (2012). The Korean wave (Hallyu) in East Asia: A comparison of Chinese, Japanese, and Taiwanese audiences who watch Korean TV dramas. Development and Society, 41(1), 103-147.
Ye, Bao-yu. (2014). The Emergence of the Korean Wave and its implications for Mainland China and Taiwan. (Master), NCCU, Taiwan.
Yonhap News. (2014, 4 July). New Korean drama series sells for US$120,000 per episode in China. Culture and Sports. Retrieved 20 May, 2016, from http://english.yonhapnews.co.kr/culturesports/2014/07/04/89/0701000000AEN20140704005300315F.html
Yoo, Sung Kwan (Producer). (2015, 30 December 2015). Korean Film Directors in International Film Festivals. Korean Film Archive. [Online Exhibition] Retrieved from https://www.google.com/culturalinstitute/exhibit/korean-film-directors-in-international-film-festivals/wQzZgWVn?hl=en&position=62%2C-1
Yoon, Suthichai. (2015). Thai tong tum hai amnaj lamoon payong (Thailand has to enhance its soft power). Retrieved 20 May, 2016, from http://www.bangkokbiznews.com/blog/detail/634828
Zhang, Guo-jian. (2010). Cultural imperialism and the Korean wave. Chuanke xuesheng wang, 69.
Zhao, Ying. (2012). Korean wave phenomenon and its implication for popular music industry. Beifang yinyue, 2012, 38-39.
描述 碩士
國立政治大學
國際研究英語碩士學位學程 (IMPIS)
103862012
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0103862012
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 姜家雄zh_TW
dc.contributor.advisor Chiang, Alexen_US
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 黃懿臻zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) Teptarakunkarn, Sunisaen_US
dc.creator (作者) 黃懿臻zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) Teptarakunkarn, Sunisaen_US
dc.date (日期) 2016en_US
dc.date.accessioned 11-Jul-2016 17:50:39 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 11-Jul-2016 17:50:39 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 11-Jul-2016 17:50:39 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0103862012en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/98923-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國際研究英語碩士學位學程 (IMPIS)zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 103862012zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 此研究以嚴謹性和系統性地探討韓流話題的重要文獻及二手資料，並透過結構及語境動態來描述此現象的發展，支持關於韓國的流行文化散播。韓國電影、戲劇、韓語流行樂在亞太地區有潛在的軟實力，其為影響的工具，無形地施展國家勢力。如此來衡量泰國有可能效仿韓國的成功例子，並從案例經驗中制定適用的策略。
經分析後發現，對於韓國娛樂產業的發展必須融入政治、文化和經濟，加上內外部因素來評估對接受度高的國家之這類文化性的影響，以全面性地瞭解此現象及韓國的發展歷程。從這點來看，韓流的案例可成為泰國效仿並創建向外界宣揚泰國文化的參考。		zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) This study has critically and systemically reviewed important literature and secondary resources in the topic of the Korean wave in order to provide the overall picture of the structural and contextual dynamics in which this phenomenon has developed, sustained and succeeded and to link the dissemination of South Korea’s popular culture: Korean films, dramas, and K-pop, with its potentiality as soft power assets capable of expanding the country’s sphere of influence in the Asia-pacific region, so as to gauge to possibility for Thailand to emulate South Korea’s success by learning from the latter’s experience and devising the strategies applicable in its own context.

Upon the analysis, it is found that it is vital to incorporate political, cultural and economic environment, as well as the internal and external factors leading to the development of Korean entertainment industry in the research, and measure the impacts of such cultural flow in the recipient countries in order to construct the overall picture of this phenomenon and to develop a holistic understanding of South Korea’s experience. From this embarking point, the case of the Korea wave can be used as a reference point for Thailand to emulate and create its own outbound cultural flow.		en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY 1
1.2 LITERATURE REVIEW 7
1.3 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 20
1.4 SCOPE AND LIMITATION OF THE RESEARCH 21
1.5 ORGANIZATION OF THESIS CHAPTERS 23
CHAPTER TWO THE KOREAN WAVE AS A CASE OF SOFT POWER 25
2.1 CASES OF SOFT POWER IN EAST ASIA 26
2.2 THE EMERGENCE OF THE KOREAN WAVE 31
2.3 THE FACTORS LEADING TO THE SUCCESS OF THE KOREAN WAVE 47
CHAPTER THREE THE KOREAN WAVE AND SOFT POWER OF SOUTH KOREA 64
3.1 OVERVIEW OF SOUTH KOREA’S SOFT POWER 64
3.2 THE KOREAN WAVE AND PERCEPTIONS OF SOUTH KOREA 68
3.3 BACKLASH, POTENTIALITY AND LIMITATION OF THE KOREAN WAVE AS SOFT POWER RESOURCE 86
CHAPTER FOUR THAILAND’S SOFT POWER STRATEGY AND THE KOREAN WAVE 93
4.1 OVERVIEW OF THAILAND’S SOFT POWER 93
4.2 OVERVIEW OF THAILAND’S ENTERTAINMENT INDUSTRY 98
4.3 IMPLICATIONS OF KOREAN WAVE PHENOMENON FOR THAILAND’S SOFT POWER STRATEGY 111
CHAPTER FIVE CONCLUSION 121
5.1 SUMMARY OF RESEARCH FINDINGS 121
5.2 IMPLICATIONS FOR THAILAND’S SOFT POWER STRATEGY 126
5.3 SUGGESTIONS FOR FUTURE RESEARCH 129
REFERENCES 131		zh_TW
dc.format.extent 2230798 bytes-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0103862012en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 韓國zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 泰國zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 韓流zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 韓劇zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 韓國電影zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) K- POPzh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 流行文化zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 軟實力zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) South Koreaen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Thailanden_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Korean waveen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Korean dramaen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Korean filmen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) K-popen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Popular cultureen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) soft poweren_US
dc.title (題名) 韓流現象及其對泰國軟實力發展策略之意涵zh_TW
dc.title (題名) The Korean Wave Phenomenon and Its Implications for Thailand’s Soft Power Strategyen_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen_US
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Apple Daily. (2012, 8 November). Sales of Korean language books are two times higher than Japanese language. Retrieved 10 May, 2016, from http://www.appledaily.com.tw/appledaily/article/supplement/20120811/34430823/
Bangkok Post. (2012, 12 June). Muay Thai in Mexico: So far yet so near, Bangkok Post, p. 12.
BBC. (2014, 4 December). Gangnam Style music video `broke` YouTube view limit, BBC News. Retrieved from http://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-30288542
Brand Buffet. (2016). Pud-foon: 33 pee jark nee GMM kodsana luan (On its 33rd anniversary, GMM aims to drive revenues from advertisements). Retrieved 23 May, 2016, from http://www.brandbuffet.in.th/2016/03/grammy-gmm-business-digital-leader/#CzajUrQ6oy82UAwp.97
Cai, Jian. (2008, 15 October). China’s first taste of the Korean wave. Korean Wave. Retrieved 10 May, 2016, from http://journeyeast.tripod.com/korean_wave_in_china.html
Center for Strategic and International Studies. (2011). Changing security paradigm and Korea’s new Asia policy: vision for 2030. Paper presented at the Pacific Forum CSIS: Young Leaders, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Chaiworaporn, Anchalee. (2014). Karn-judjumnai lae talad-parbpayontr Thai nai tangprated (The international distribution and markets of Thai film). Bangkok: Ministry of Culture of Kingdom of Thailand.
Chan, Brenda. (2007). Film-induced tourism in Asia: A case study of Korean television drama and female viewers` motivation to visit Korea. Tourism Culture & Communication, 7(3), 207-224.
Chien, Eugenia. (2006). China, Taiwan crack down on Korean soap operas. Retrieved 10 May, 2016, from http://www.berkeleydailyplanet.com/issue/2006-01-20/article/23255?headline=China-Taiwan-Crack-Down-on-Korean-Soap-Operas-By-EUGENIA-CHIEN-Pacific-News-Service
China Daily. (2006, 3 January). Lee Young-ae tops Hong Kong chart as Woman of the Year. Retrieved 5 May, 2016, from http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/english/doc/2006-01/03/content_508879.htm
China Daily Asia. (2016, March 11). China beats US in cultural goods export: UNESCO. China Daily Asia. from http://www.chinadailyasia.com/nation/2016-03/11/content_15398783.html
Choe, Yong-Shik. (2001, 31 August). Asia dreaming of Korea’s pop singers and actors’, Korea Herald, p. 31.
Choi, Jinhee. (2010). The South Korean film renaissance: local hitmakers, global provocateurs: Wesleyan University Press.
Chongkittavorn, Kavi. (2013, 5 August). Thai soft power in China: amulets, dramas, durian, Opinion, The Nation, p. 3A.
Chongkittavorn, Kavi. (2014, 29 September). Time for Thailand to develop smart power, Opinion, The Nation, p. 3A.
Chua, Beng Huat, & Iwabuchi, Koichi. (2008). East Asian pop culture: Analysing the Korean wave (Vol. 1): Hong Kong University Press.
CRI Thailand. (2016, 29 April). Wong karn parbpayontr cheen boon chai Thai pen location (Chinese film productions choose Thailand as their prime filming location). Retrieved 19 May, 2016, from http://thai.cri.cn/247/2016/04/29/102s241832_1.htm
Deecharoen, Surassawadee. (2014). Soft Power in International Politics: A Case Study of South Korean Popular Culture. East Asian Studies Center Ramkhamhaeng University.
Department of Tourism. (2016a). Sathiti karn taitum parbpayontr (Film production statistics). Retrieved 10 May, 2016, from http://www.tourism.go.th/home/listcontent/11/223/138
Department of Tourism. (2016b). Sathiti karn tongteaw (Tourism statistics) Retrieved 10 May, 2016, from http://www.tourism.go.th/home/listcontent/11/221/276
Ding, Sheng. (2011). Branding a rising China: An analysis of Beijing’s national image management in the age of China’s rise. Journal of Asian and African Studies, 46(3), 293-306.
Ding, Sheng. (2015). Engaging Diaspora via Charm Offensive and Indigenised Communication: An Analysis of China`s Diaspora Engagement Policies in the Xi Era. Politics, 35(3-4), 230-244.
Duong, Nguyen Hoai Phuong. (2016). Korean Wave as Cultural Imperialism: A Study of K-pop Reception in Vietnam. (Master of Arts), Leiden University. (Namhee Han)
Fensom, Anthony. (2015, July 22, 2015). Asia’s Soft Power Deficit, Commentaries, The Diplomat. Retrieved from http://thediplomat.com/2015/07/asias-soft-power-deficit/
Ganjanakhundee, Suapalak. (2016). PM pledges Thai commitment to UN peacekeeping work. Retrieved 20 May, 2016, from http://www.nationmultimedia.com/politics/PM-pledges-Thai-commitment-to-UN-peacekeeping-work-30269838.html
Hicap, Jonathan M. (2016, 12 April). Korean cultural exports hit $2.82 billion in 2015. Retrieved 4 May, 2016, from http://www.mb.com.ph/korean-cultural-exports-hit-2-82-billion-in-2015/
Ho, Swee-Lin. (2012). Fuel for South Korea`s" Global Dreams Factory": The Desires of Parents Whose Children Dream of Becoming K-pop Stars*. Korea Observer, 43(3), 471-483.
Hong, Euny (2014). The Birth of Korean Cool: How One Nation Is Conquering the World Through Pop Culture: Picador.
Hou, Cheng-Nan, Tsai, Tzung-Je, & Chen, Hsin-Hsin. (2011). New Asian Cultural Proximity and Modernity under the Soft Power: Examining Reception of Korean TV Drama in East Asia. Renwen yu shehui xuebao.
Howard, Keith. (2002). Exploding ballads: the transformation of Korean pop music Global Goes Local: Popular Culture in Asia (pp. 80-95). Vancouver: University of British Columbia Press.
Huang, Shuling. (2011). Nation-branding and transnational consumption: Japan-mania and the Korean wave in Taiwan. Media, Culture & Society, 33(1), 3-18.
Hyundai Econonomic Research Institute. (2004). Hallyu and its commercialization strategies. Seoul.
IFPI. (2016). South Korea Music Industry. Retrieved 9 April, 2016, from http://www.ifpi.org/south-korea.php
Inchan, Noppadol. (2012). “Korean Drama Series: A Case Study of Korean Culture Fever Wave in Thai Society Context”. Institute of Culture and Arts Journal 14(1 ), 27-53.
Independent. (2011, August 7). Korean Wave Starts Lapping on Europe`s Shores, Independent.
Ireland, Corydon. (2007). Friendly wave hits Asia: The cultural `Korean wave` is analyzed, enjoyed at the Kennedy School. Retrieved 10 April, 2016, from http://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2007/02/friendly-wave-hits-asia/
Jakarta Post. (2011, July 18). Korean Wave Casts a Spell in Indonesia, Jakarta Post. A2.
Jang, Gunjoo, & Won, Paik. (2012). Korean Wave as tool for Korea’s new cultural diplomacy. Advances in applied sociology, 2(03).
Jeon, Won Kyung. (2013). The ‘Korean Wave’and television drama exports, 1995-2005. (PhD), University of Glasgow.
Jin, Dal Yong. (2006). Cultural politics in Korea`s contemporary films under neoliberal globalization. Media Culture Society, 28(1), 5-23.
Jirathikorn, Umporn. (2015). Lakorn Thai nai ASEAN (Thai dramas in ASEAN), Bangkok Business Newspaper. Retrieved from http://www.bangkokbiznews.com/blog/detail/636221#sthash.phHEgwES.dpuf
Juknevičiūtė, Laima. (2011). The soft power implications of the new South Korean film: Approaching audiences in East Asia and Lithuania. Acta Orientalia Vilnensia.
Jung, Sun. (2010). Korean masculinities and transcultural consumption: Yonsama, Rain, Oldboy, K-Pop idols (Vol. 1): Hong Kong University Press.
Jung, Sun. (2011). K-pop, Indonesian fandom, and social media. Transformative Works and Cultures, 8.
Karok-kamarst, Passawan. (2011). Karn-censor parbpayontr-Thai pai-tai prarajbanyat parbpayontr lae viditart B.E. 2551 (Censorship and Motion Pictures and Video Act B.E. 2551). Information Technology Management Journal, 1(October 2010-March 2011).
Kazuo, Ogoura. (2006). The limits of soft power. Japan Echo, 33(5), 48-55.
KBS News. (2006). Hot Blast of Winter Sonata Grips Japan. KBS News. from http://english.kbs.co.kr/about/Latest_at.html?No=6513&page=23
Keawmanee, Revadi. (2014). Utsahakarm Sue-banterng the star...nai kra-sae pattana sue-sanrgsarn (Entertainment industry, bright star among creative industries). Bangkok: The Office of Industrial Economics, Ministry of Commerce of Kingdom of Thailand.
Khaosa-ard, Mingsarn. (2013, 23 January). Jark lakorn Thai soo karn-song-ork (From Thai dramas to export goods), Matichon, p. 4. Retrieved from http://www.ppsi.or.th/download/ppsi/20160307-020.pdf
Khaosa-ard, Mingsarn. (2016). T-pop kub karn-kayai-tua kong naktongteaw-cheen nai Thai (T-pop and its impact on increasing the number of Chinese tourists in Thailand). Bangkok: Public Policy Studies Institute Foundation.
Kim, Hong-Koo. (2011). Analyzing Thai Wave in South Korea. Kyoto Review of Southeast Asia 11(2011).
Kim, Samuel Seongseop, Agrusa, Jerome, Chon, Kaye, & Cho, Youngshin. (2008). The effects of Korean pop culture on Hong Kong residents` perceptions of Korea as a potential tourist destination. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 24(2-3), 163-183.
Kim, Samuel Seongseop, Agrusa, Jerome, Lee, Heesung, & Chon, Kaye. (2007). Effects of Korean television dramas on the flow of Japanese tourists. Tourism Management, 28(5), 1340-1353.
Kim, Sangkyun. (2012). Audience involvement and film tourism experiences: Emotional places, emotional experiences. Tourism Management, 33(2), 387-396.
Kim, Seongseop, & Kim, Miju. (2009). Effect of Hallyu Cultural Products in Thai Society on Enhancement of Korean National Image and Intention to Visit. Korean Journal of Tourism Research, 23(4), 101-125.
Kim, Youna. (2007). The rising East Asian ‘Wave’ Media on the Move (pp. 121-130).
Kim, Youna (Ed.). (2013). The Korean Wave: Korean Media Go Global (Internationalizing Media Studies) (First ed.). New York, NY: Routledge.
Kim, Taehwan. (2012). Paradigm Shift in Diplomacy: A Conceptual Model for Korea`s" New Public Diplomacy". Korea Observer, 43(4), 527-553.
Ko, Jeong-Min. (2005). A Study on Competitiveness of ‘Korean Wave’Contents. Culture Industry Research, 5(2), 5-18.
Ko, Shu-ling. (2006). TAIWAN: GIO looking to take foreign soap operas off prime time TV. Retrieved 5 May, 2016, from http://www.taipeitimes.com/News/front/archives/2006/01/11/2003288408
Korea Cultural Contents Agency. (2010). KOCCA Focus (10-02). Seoul: KOCCA.
Korea Times. (2004). "Yonsama` Photos Reveal New Side of Asian Star. Retrieved from http://article.wn.com/view/2004/11/21/Yonsama_Photos_Reveal_New_Side_of_Asian_Star/
Korean Culture and Information Service. (2011). The Korean Wave: A New Pop Culture Phenomenon Vol. 1.
Lai, Hongyi. (2006). China`s cultural diplomacy: going for soft power: East Asian Institute, National University of Singapore.
Lam, Peng Er. (2007). Japan’s quest for “soft power”: attraction and limitation. East Asia, 24(4), 349-363.
Lee, Geun. (2009a). A soft power approach to the “Korean wave”. The review of Korean studies, 12(2), 123-137.
Lee, Geun. (2009b). A theory of soft power and Korea`s soft power strategy. The Korean Journal of Defense Analysis, 21(2), 205-218.
Lee, Jamie Shinhee. (2004). Linguistic hybridization in K‐Pop: discourse of self‐assertion and resistance. World Englishes, 23(3), 429-450.
Lee, Ji-yoon. (2014, 24 March 2014). YSL gets free ride on drama sensation, Korean Herald. Retrieved from http://www.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=20140324001347
Lee, Jung Yup. (2009). Contesting the digital economy and culture: digital technologies and the transformation of popular music in Korea. Inter‐Asia Cultural Studies, 10(4), 489-506.
Lee, Keehyeung. (2008). Mapping out the cultural politics of “the Korean Wave” in contemporary South Korea. East Asian pop culture: Analyzing the Korean wave, 175-190.
Lee, Shinwha. (2011). The theory and reality of soft power: Practical approaches in East Asia Public diplomacy and soft power in East Asia (pp. 11-32): Springer.
Lee, Sook Jong. (2011). South Korean Soft Power and How South Korea Views the Soft Power of Others. In Sook Jong Lee and Jan Melissen (Ed.), Public Diplomacy and Soft Power in East AsiaPalgrave Macmillan Series in Global Public Diplomacy (pp. 139-163). New York, NY: Palgrave Macmillan.
Leong, Anthony CY. (2002). Korean Film: The New Hong Kong: a Guidebook for the Latest Korean New Wave: Trafford on Demand Pub.
Lertwiram, Pairor. (2011). Jood-lerm-ton kong seang-greed T-pop (How the popularity of T-pop begins). Positioning Magazine, October 2011.
Leung, Lisa. (2008). Mediating nationalism and modernity: The transnationalization of Korean dramas on Chinese (satellite) TV. East Asian Pop Culture: Analyzing the Korean Wave, 53-70.
Li, Ya-zhu. (2013). The visual culture of Korean pop music: a case study on the seeing using of the music videos of girls` generation. (Master of Arts), NCCU, Taiwan.
Lie, John. (2012). What is the K in K-pop? South Korean popular music, the culture industry, and national identity. Korea Observer, 43(3), 339-363.
Lie, John. (2014). K-pop: Popular Music, Cultural Amnesia, and Economic Innovation in South Korea: Univ of California Press.
Limb, Jae-un. (2015). Gov`t to spend KRW 452.2 billion on creative industries, Korean Culture and Information Service (KOCIS). Retrieved from http://www.korea.net/NewsFocus/Policies/view?articleId=124424
Lin, Yu‐Shan, & Huang, Jun‐Ying. (2008). Analyzing the use of TV miniseries for Korea tourism marketing. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 24(2-3), 223-227.
Luguusharav, Byambakhand. (2011). Soft Power In The Context Of South Korea. (Master of Arts), Central European University, Budapest, Hungary.
Maliangkay, Roald. (2006). When the Korean wave ripples. IIAS Newsletter, (Autumn Issue). Retrieved from The Australian National University website: http://iias.asia/sites/default/files/IIAS_NL42_15.pdf
Manager Newspaper. (2012). Lakorn Thai: Nao jone dai dee (Thai dramas: best of melodramatic cliche), Manager Newspaper. Retrieved from http://www.manager.co.th/Entertainment/ViewNews.aspx?NewsID=9530000159110
Manager Newspaper. (2016). Panchoonchai poosarngnang-formyuk faikeaw martrakarn-kuenngern sibha-percent maikern roi-lran-baht tor-rueng (Thai cabinet approves foriegn film productions 15 per cent cash rebate policy). Retrieved 20 May, 2016, from http://www.manager.co.th/Politics/ViewNews.aspx?NewsID=9580000090991
Melissen, Sook Jong Lee and Jan (Ed.). (2011). Public Diplomacy and Soft Power in East Asia (1 ed.). New York, NY: Palgrave Macmillan.
Min, Eungjun, Joo, Jinsook, & Kwak, Han Ju. (2003). Korean film: History, resistance, and democratic imagination: Greenwood Publishing Group.
Minh, Pham Quang. (2015). Vietnam catches the Korean wave. Retrieved 4 April, 2016, from http://www.eastasiaforum.org/2015/02/19/vietnam-catches-the-korean-wave/
Ministry of Culture. (2008). Prarajbanyat parbpayontr lae viditart (Motion Pictures and Video Act B.E. 2551). Bangkok: Ministry of Culture Retrieved from http://province.m-culture.go.th/chanthaburi/tv.pdf.
Ministry of Economy Trade and Industry (Japan). (2014). Cool Japan: Creative Industries Policy. Retrieved 4 May, 2016, from www.meti.go.jp/english/policy/mono_info_service/creative_industries/creative_industries.html
Ministry of Foreign Affairs. (2016). Press Releases : “Thailand’s Contributions to UN Peacekeeping and Peace-Related Operations” Exhibition to be organized at the UN Headquarters from 16 – 26 February 2016. Retrieved 15 May, 2016, from http://www.mfa.go.th/main/en/media-center/14/64562-%E2%80%9CThailand%E2%80%99s-Contributions-to-UN-Peacekeeping-and-P.html
Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Republic of Korea). (2016). ODA/Development Cooperation. Retrieved 10 May, 2016, from http://www.mofa.go.kr/ENG/policy/oda/index.jsp?menu=m_20_110
Monocle. (2014-15). Soft Power Survey 2014/15. Available from Monocle Monocle Retrieved November 25, 2015 http://monocle.com/film/affairs/soft-power-survey-2014-15/
Nagata, Kazuaki. (2012, May 15). Exporting Culture via Cool Japan, The Japan Times. Retrieved from http://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2012/05/15/reference/exporting-culture-via-cool-japan/
Nam, Siho. (2013). The cultural political economy of the Korean wave in East Asia: implications for cultural globalization theories. Asian perspective, 37(2), 209-231.
Nuttavuthisit, Krittinee. (2007). Branding Thailand: Correcting the negative image of sex tourism. Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 3(1), 21-30.
Nye, Joseph (2004a). The decline of America`s soft power. Foreign Affairs, 83(3), 16-21.
Nye, Joseph (2004b). Soft power: The means to success in world politics. United States: NY: Public Affairs.
Nye, Joseph (2011). The future of power. United States: NY: Public Affairs.
Nye, Joseph, & Kim, Youna. (2013). Soft power and the Korean Wave. The Korean Wave: Korean Media Go Global, 31-42.
Ogle, Alfred, & Ying, Lana Lee Tsz. (2013). Korean TV Soap Operas: An Assessment of the Academia-National Tourism Organisation (NTO) Professional Communication in the Korea Tourism Organization (KTO) 2013 Integrated Marketing Communication Strategy.
Olivié, Iliana, & Gracia, Manuel. (2016). Elcano Global Presence Report 2016. Madrid: Real Instituto Elcano.
Parc, Jimmyn. (2014). A retrospective on the Korean film policies. Groupe d’Economie Mondiale.
Parc, Jimmyn, & Hwy-Chang, Moon. (2013). Korean dramas and films: Key factors for their international competitiveness. Asian journal of social science, 41(2), 126-149.
Park, Seung Hyun. (2002). Film censorship and political legitimation in South Korea, 1987-1992. Film Journal, 42(1), 120-138.
Park, Yun-seon. (2011). A study on the globalization strategy of Korean music industry - A case of 「S. M. Entertainment」. (Master of Arts), NCCU, Taiwan.
Permanent Mission of Thailand to the United Nations. (2015). Peace and Security : Thailand and UN Peacekeeping. Retrieved 19 May, 2016, from http://www.thaiembassy.org/unmissionnewyork/en/relation/4903/56079-Thailand-and-UN-Peacekeeping.html
Portland. (2015). Soft Power 30 Index. Available from Portland Retrieved November 20, 2015, from Portland Index http://softpower30.portland-communications.com/

Potipan, Pavinee, & Worrawutteerakul, Nantaphorn. (2010). A Study of the Korean Wave in Order to be a Lesson to Thailand for Establishing a Thai Wave. (MIMA), Mälardalen University. School of Sustainable Development of Society and Technology. Retrieved from http://mdh.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:324954/FULLTEXT01
Prachachat Turakij. (2016). Pluk O-kard turakij-banterng "GMM" num-tup lakorn Thai pai puk-tong in Asia (Expanding the entertainment content market: GMM is taking Thai dramas to Asia market). Retrieved 23 May, 2016, from http://www.prachachat.net/news_detail.php?newsid=1458753534
Prachatham. (2016). Soft power: Amnart-sue and sai-ta nai ASEAN (Soft Power: The power of media and ASEAN`s perspective). Retrieved from Prachatham website: http://www.prachatham.com/article_detail.php?id=434
Ramstad, Evan. (2009 ). Riding the `Korean Wave`: Exporting ideas and culture, not just steel and silicon, The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved from http://www.wsj.com/articles/SB124267698913031617
Ravina, Mark. (2009). Introduction: Conceptualizing the Korean Wave. Southeast Review of Asian Studies, 31, 3-9.
Royal Thai Government. (2016, 9 May). Thai Government`s meeting with Korean Ambassador. Retrieved 10 May, 2016, from http://www.thaigov.go.th/index.php/th/news-ministry/2012-08-15-09-39-20
Ruddy, Braden. (2014). GastroDiplomacy. Public Diplomacy Magazine, Winter 2014, 29-32.
Ryoo, Woongjae. (2008). The political economy of the global mediascape: the case of the South Korean film industry. Media, culture, and society, 30(6), 873.
Ryoo, Woongjae. (2009). Globalization, or the logic of cultural hybridization: The case of the Korean wave. Asian Journal of Communication, 19(2), 137-151.
Seo, Min-Soo. (2012). Lessons from K-pop`s Global Success. SERI Quarterly, 5(3), 60.
Seog, S Hun, & Hyun, Yong J. (2009). Financing as a marketing strategy. Marketing Science, 28(3), 526-540.
Shim, Doobo. (2002). South Korean media industry in the 1990s and the economic crisis. Prometheus, 20(4), 337-350.
Shim, Doobo. (2006). Hybridity and the rise of Korean popular culture in Asia. Media, Culture & Society, 28(1), 25-44.
Shim, Doobo. (2008). The growth of Korean cultural industries and the Korean wave. East Asian pop culture: Analysing the Korean wave, 1, 15.
Shim, Doobo. (2009). Preparing for the post-Korean Wave Age. Paper presented at the Korea-Asean academic conference on pop culture formations across East Asia in the 21st century: hybridization or asianization, February 1-4, 2009, Burapha University, Thailand.
Shim, Sungeon. (2008). Behind the Korean Broadcasting Boom. NHK Broadcasting Studies, 6, 205-232.
Somboonkerd, Chantira. (2009). Trends of Thai Feature Film for International Export: A Case Study of Pusan Film Festival. (Master of Arts in Cultural Management), Thammasat University, Bangkok.
South China Morning Post. (2005, 4 May 2005). Record audience for finale of Korean TV drama, South China Morning Post. Retrieved from http://www.scmp.com/article/499161/record-audience-finale-korean-tv-drama
Sung, Sang-Yeon. (2010). Constructing a new image. Hallyu in Taiwan. European Journal of East Asian Studies, 9(1), 25-45.
Tada-amnuaychai, Montira. (2006). Korean Media Industry and Its Cultural Marketing-Strategy of K-pop. Paper presented at the Asia Culture Forum, available at: Ebook.
Tang, See Kit. (2014). Food and fashion: How K-drama is influencing Asia, CNBC News. Retrieved from http://www.cnbc.com/2014/06/18/food-and-fashion-how-k-drama-is-influencing-asia.html
Thai Rath. (2016a). Banterng-Thai jor talad-ASEAN: roo-kao-roo-rao T-wind penpaidai rue kae fun (Thai entertainment breaking into ASEAN: is T-wind just a dream or for real?), Thai Rath Newspaper, p. 13. Retrieved from http://www.thairath.co.th/content/559623
Thai Rath. (2016b, 22 January). Jood-keang pee Thai choo-rong! Vietnam rean-jark Korea lai kuad nang Thai (Thai film`s stronghold `horror film` will lead us to victory! Vietnam is trying to catch up by learning from Korea), Interview, Thai Rath Newspaper. Retrieved from http://www.thairath.co.th/content/566223
Thai Rath. (2016c, 29 January). Thai tid-kum-peang pasa! soo-talad-pleng ASEAN mai ngai (Language barrier obstructs the efforts to export Thai music to ASEAN market), Interview, Thai Rath Newspaper. Retrieved from http://www.thairath.co.th/content/569661
Thai Rath. (2016d, 15 January). Waetee nee maimee pee-leang `lakorn-dara Thai` jaisoo! lui talad eng mai-ngor park-rad (No soft-opening! Thai dramas and stars breaking into ASEAN market, even without the help from government), Interview, Thai Rath Newspaper. Retrieved from http://www.thairath.co.th/content/562657
Thailand International Film Destination Festival. (2016). Thailand International Film Destination Festival 2015. Retrieved 10 May, 2016, from http://www.thailandfilmdestination.com/
The Economist. (2014, August 9). South Korea’s soft power Soap, sparkle and pop, The Economist. Retrieved from http://www.economist.com/news/books-and-arts/21611039-how-really-uncool-country-became-tastemaker-asia-soap-sparkle-and-pop
The Korea Times. (2016, January 21). Asia, top destination for South Korean TV programs exported. http://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/culture/2016/03/386_195968.html
Tho, Nguyen Ngoc. (2012). Hallyu and Modern Vietnamese Culture. Department of Social Sciences and Humanities. Vietnam National University. Ho Chi Minh City. Retrieved from http://qlkh.hcmussh.edu.vn/Resources/Docs/SubDomain/qlkh/English/Nguyen%20Ngoc%20Tho.%20Hallyu%20and%20modern%20Vietnamese%20culture.pdf
Tuk, William. (2012). The Korean Wave: Who are behind the success of Korean popular culture? (Master of Art), Leiden University, Sweden.
University of Southern California. (2015). Eight Great Gastrodiplomacy Nations. Retrieved 10 May, 2016, from http://uscpublicdiplomacy.org/story/eight-great-gastrodiplomacy-nations
Van, Tham Hong. (2014). Investigating relationship between Korean celebrity involvement and Vietnamese fans destination perception. (Master of Arts), International University HCMC, Vietnam.
Viparanusart, Vichaya. (2013). Utsahakarm ban-terng reang-kub-kluen sumkarn kong karn tong teaw Thai (Entertainment industry: the important factor to drive Thai tourism). Retrieved 10 May, 2016, from http://www.ictsilpakorn.com/ictmedia/detail.php?news_id=266#.V0Lq4Pl97rd
Wall Street Journal. (2014, Febuary 2014). Korean TV Show Sparks Chicken and Beer Craze in China, Wall Street Journal Retrieved from http://blogs.wsj.com/chinarealtime/2014/02/26/korean-tv-show-sparks-chicken-and-beer-craze-in-china/
Wang, Chia-Chen. (2014). Effects of Japanophilia and Korea-philia on Taiwan`s Cultural Identity──A Case Study of Japanese Drama and Korean Drama. (Master of Arts), National aiwan Normal Univerity, Taiwan.
Wattanavrangkul, Kobkarn. (2012). Soft Power Behind Smiles. Paper presented at the World Economic Forum on East Asia in 2012 http://www.weforum.org/sessions/summary/soft-power-behind-smiles
Wheatley, Alan. (2014, June 2014). Asian Style. Finance & Development, 51.
Whitelocks, Sadie. (2014). YSL lipstick selling for up to $95 a tube on eBay after star of Korean soap sparks global sellout, Daily Mail. Retrieved from http://www.dailymail.co.uk/femail/article-2596352/YSL-lipstick-selling-95-tube-eBay-star-Korean-soap-sparks-global-sellout.html#ixzz3vnteUUi9
Whitney, Christopher. (2009). Soft Power in Asia: results of a 2008 Multinational Survey of Public Opinion In David Shambaugh (Ed.). Chicago: The Chicago Council on Global Affairs and the East Asia Institute.
Wu, Ya-dan. (2004). Understanding K-fans through K-dramas. Zhongguo qingnian yanjiu, 2004(1), 31-38.
Yang, Jonghoe. (2012). The Korean wave (Hallyu) in East Asia: A comparison of Chinese, Japanese, and Taiwanese audiences who watch Korean TV dramas. Development and Society, 41(1), 103-147.
Ye, Bao-yu. (2014). The Emergence of the Korean Wave and its implications for Mainland China and Taiwan. (Master), NCCU, Taiwan.
Yonhap News. (2014, 4 July). New Korean drama series sells for US$120,000 per episode in China. Culture and Sports. Retrieved 20 May, 2016, from http://english.yonhapnews.co.kr/culturesports/2014/07/04/89/0701000000AEN20140704005300315F.html
Yoo, Sung Kwan (Producer). (2015, 30 December 2015). Korean Film Directors in International Film Festivals. Korean Film Archive. [Online Exhibition] Retrieved from https://www.google.com/culturalinstitute/exhibit/korean-film-directors-in-international-film-festivals/wQzZgWVn?hl=en&position=62%2C-1
Yoon, Suthichai. (2015). Thai tong tum hai amnaj lamoon payong (Thailand has to enhance its soft power). Retrieved 20 May, 2016, from http://www.bangkokbiznews.com/blog/detail/634828
Zhang, Guo-jian. (2010). Cultural imperialism and the Korean wave. Chuanke xuesheng wang, 69.
Zhao, Ying. (2012). Korean wave phenomenon and its implication for popular music industry. Beifang yinyue, 2012, 38-39.		zh_TW