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題名 台灣對外援助的展望:以南韓為基準分析
The prospects of Taiwan`s foreign aid: a comparison with South Korea作者 程宇清
Cheng, Yu Ching貢獻者 李栢浡
Lee, Pai Po
程宇清
Cheng, Yu Ching關鍵詞 對外援助
台灣
南韓
Foreign aid
Taiwan
South Korea日期 2016 上傳時間 24-Jul-2017 12:18:59 (UTC+8) 摘要 本論文之研究目的在探討對外援助對台灣的重要性，並以南韓作為比較分析，因兩國有高度相似的援外發展歷史。台灣與南韓已成功由受援國躍升為援助國，此研究著重於其近十年來的援助情形，目的是了解台灣援外的優劣勢以提供未來發展的展望。作者採用質性研究方法，邀請台灣援外的從業人員以及外交學者進行半結構式訪談。結果顯示，外交是台灣的首要關注，然而南韓則是出自經濟利益考量，鎖定特定的開發中國家。台灣擁有成功的發展經驗和優秀的人力資源，但是也面臨難解的困境，像是對邦交國的過度在意、衰退的經濟、以及兩岸關係的起伏跌宕。藉由解析南韓的援外狀況與專家訪談的回饋，研究者提供以下建議，企盼為台灣援外帶來改變的契機:建立多面向的援外系統、尋求商業機會、促進公私部門合作、穩定台海關係、帶動經濟復甦、創造雙贏的援外模式。
This study intended to identify the importance of foreign aid to Taiwan while South Korea served as a benchmark due to their high-level of similarity in developmental history. The focus was their donor behaviors in recent years and a literature review was conducted to understand related concepts and the two nations’ aid experiences. The goal of this project was to examine the advantages and disadvantages of Taiwanese aid so as to look into its future prospects. A qualitative method was adopted through semi-structured interviews with diplomacy professors and aid practitioners. South Korea pivots to certain developing countries for their economic value, while diplomacy has been Taiwan’s top priority. Developmental success and human resources are Taiwan`s strengths but its overemphasis on diplomacy, deteriorating economy, and wavering ties with China cause obstacles. A review of South Korean aid along with the interviewee’s response suggest several ways to improve: building a multidimensional aid system, seeking economic opportunities, forming public-private partnerships, stabilizing cross-strait ties, boosting economic recovery, and pursuing a win-win. The research findings shed light on Taiwan’s aid conditions and offer valuable policy recommendations.參考文獻 Akramov, K. T. (2012). Foreign Aid Allocation, Governance, and Economic Growth. University of Pennsylvania Press.American Foreign Policy Council. (1992). Modernizing Foreign Assistance: Resource Management As An Instrument of Foreign Policy. Westport: Praeger.Asian Development Bank. (2012). The Saemaul Undong Movement in the Republic of Korea: Sharing Knowledge on Community-Driven Development. Balogun, P. (2005). Evaluating Progress Towards Harmonisation. London: Department for International Development. (Working Paper, 15.)Boone, P. (1996). Politics and the Effectiveness of Foreign Aid. European Economic Review, No. 5308, pp. 289-329.Breuning, M. (2002). Foreign Aid, Development Assistance, or Development Cooperation: What`s in a Name? International Politics, Vol. 39, No. 3, pp. 369-377.Brookings Institution. (2010). A New Aid Model for the 21st Century. https://www.brookings.edu/blog/up-front/2010/11/15/a-new-aid-model-for-the-21st-century/Cato Institute. (2009). Foreign Aid and Economic Development. Cato Handbook for Policymakers, Vol. 7, pp. 655-670.Celia W, Dugger. (2011). “Maternal Deaths Focus Harsh Light on Uganda.” The New York Times, July 29.Chenery, H. B. and Strout, A. M. (1966). Foreign assistance and economic development. American Economic Review, Vol. 56, No. 4, pp. 679-733.Chien, S., Yang, T., & Wu, Y. (2010). Taiwan`s Foreign Aid and Technical Assistance in the Marshall Islands. Asian Survey, Vol. 50, No. 6, pp. 1184-1204.Chun, Hong-Min, E. N. Munyi, and H. Lee. (2010). South Korea as an emerging donor: Challenges and changes on its entering OECD/DAC. Journal of International Development, Vol. 22, No. 6, pp. 788-802.Committee for International Development Cooperation (CIDC). (2014). Korea`s official development assistance white paper: Opening a new era of happiness for all humanity. Congressional Budget Office (CBO). (1997). The Role of Foreign Aid in Development. Washington, D.C.: Congressional Budget Office.Crawford, Gordon. (2001). Foreign Aid and Political Reform: A comparative Analysis of Democracy Assistance and Political Conditionality. New York: Palgrave.Development Alliance Korea (DAK). (2017). Concept: What is DAK. Domar, E. D. (1946). Capital Expansion, Rate of Growth, and Employment. Econometrica, Vol. 14, pp. 137-147.Doucouliagos, H., and Paldam, M. (2008). Aid Effectiveness on Growth: A Meta Study. European Journal of Political Economy, Vol. 24, No. 1, pp. 1-24.Feyzioglu, T., V. Swaroop, and M. Zhu. (1998). A Panel Data Analysis of the Fungibility of Foreign Aid. The World Bank Economic Review, Vol. 12, No. 1, pp. 29-58.Fidrmuc, J., Kostagianni, S. (2015), Impact of IMF Assistance on Economic Growth Revisited. Economics and Sociology, Vol. 8, No. 3, pp. 32-40. Frey, B. S., & Al-Roumi, A. (1999). Political democracy and the physical quality of life: the cross-national evidence. Social Indicators Research, Vol. 47, No. 1, pp. 73-97.Friedman, M. (1958). Foreign Economic Aid: Means and Objectives. Yale Review, Vol. 47, No. 4, pp. 500-515. Gray, Kevin. (2014). U.S. Aid and Uneven Development in East Asia. ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, Vol. 656, No. 1, pp. 41-58.Fuchs, A., Dreher, A., and Nunnenkamp, P. (2013). Determinants of Donor Generosity: A Survey of the Aid Budget Literature. World Development, Vol. 56, pp. 172-199.Harrod, R. F. (1939). An Essay in Dynamic Theory. Economic Journal, Vol. 49, No. 193, pp.14-33.Hughes, H. (2003). Trade Or Aid? Which Benefits Developing Countries More? Economic Papers: A Journal of Applied Economics and Policy, Vol. 22, No. 3, pp. 1-19.International Cooperation and Development Fund. (2016). 2015 Taiwan ICDF Annual Report. InsideGov. (2016). U.S. Overseas Loans and Grants to Taiwan and South Korea. http://us-foreign aid.insidegov.com/l/171/Taiwan Kaul, I., P. Conceicao, K. Le. Goulven, and R. U. Mendoza. (2003). Providing Global Public Goods: Managing Globalization. New York: Oxford University Press.Kiely, Kathy. (2001). “Importance of Foreign Aid Is Hitting Home.” USA TODAY, December 3.Kimura, H., et al. (2012). Aid Proliferation and Economic Growth: A Cross-Country Analysis. World Development, Vol. 40, No. 1, pp. 1-10.Kodama, M. (2012). Aid Unpredictability and Economic Growth. World Development, Vol. 40, No. 2, pp. 266-272.Korea International Cooperation Agency. (2011). 20 Years of KOICA. Korea Joongang Daily. (2010). Saemaul concepts to be part of Korea ODA. Korean Saemaulundong Center. (2016). SMU in Korea. http://www.saemaul.com/eng/whatSMU/koreaSMUKosack, Stephen. (2003). Effective Aid: How Democracy Allows Development Aid to Improve the Quality of Life. World Development, Vol. 31, No. 1, pp. 1-22.Krueger, Anne O. (1989). Aid and Development. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.Lee, M. (2016). KOICA Strategy for Rural and Agricultural Development. The Second Asian Local Governments for Organic Agriculture (ALGOA) Summit. Lee, P. P. (2016). Managing International Development and Cooperation. Great Coronora Press.Minato, Kunio. (2015). Comparing Public Attitudes towards Aid to Developing Countries between Traditional and Emerging Donors: The Case of Japan and Korea. Development Policy Review, Vol. 33, pp. 805-826.Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Korea. (2014). 2014 Korea’s Official Development Assistance White Paper: Opening a New Era of Happiness for All Humanity. Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of China. (2009). White Paper on Foreign Aid Policy (Summary). Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of China. (2015). International Cooperation and Development Report 2014. Morss, E. R. (1984). Institutional destruction resulting from donor and project proliferation in Sub-Saharan African Countries. World Development, Vol. 12, No. 4, pp. 465-470.Mosley, P. (1985). The Political Economy of Foreign Aid: A Model of the Market for a Public Good. Economic Development and Cultural Change, Vol. 33, No. 2, pp. 373-393.Moyo, D. (2009). Dead Aid: Why Aid is Not Working and How There is Another Way for Africa. London: Allen Lane.National Development Council, ROC. (2016). Taiwan Statistical Book 2016.OECD. (2003). Rome Declaration on Harmonisation. https://www.oecd.org/dac/effectiveness/31451637.pdf OECD. (2005). Paris Declaration on Aid Effectiveness. https://www.oecd.org/dac/effectiveness/parisdeclarationandaccraagendaforaction.htm OECD. (2012). Development Assistance Committee (DAC) Peer Review 2012OECD. (2013). Multilateral Aid Report. The Development Committee: Enabling Effective Development.OECD. (2016a). Development Assistance Committee. http://www.oecd.org/dac/developmentassistancecommitteedac.htm OECD. (2016b). Net ODA. https://data.oecd.org/oda/net-oda.htm OECD. (2016c). Development Co-operation Report 2016. The Development Assistance Committee.Pew Research Center. (2013). Opinion of Americans. Potter, David M. (2012). Foreign Aid Competition in Northeast Asia. Bloomington: Kumarian Press.Ravallion, M., & Chen, S. (2007). Absolute Poverty Measures For The Developing World, 1981-2004. World Bank Development Research Group, Vol. 104, No. 43. Riddell, R. C. (2008). Does Foreign Aid Really Work? Oxford: Oxford University Press.Sato, Jin, Hiroaki Shiga, Takaaki Kobayashi, and Hisahiro Kondoh. (2011). Emerging Donors from a Recipient Perspective: An Institutional Analysis of Foreign Aid in Cambodia. World Development, Vol. 39, No. 12. Svensson, J. (1999). Aid, Growth and Democracy. Economics and Politics, Vol. 11, No. 3, pp. 275–297.Taiwan Business TOPICS (by the American Chamber of Commerce). (2016). Taiwan`s Diplomatic Dilemma. http://topics.amcham.com.tw/2016/02/taiwans-diplomatic-dilemma-2/Taiwan Today. (2016). President Tsai Returns from Diplomatic Trip, Touts Steadfast Diplomacy. http://taiwantoday.tw/ct.asp?xItem=246013&ctNode=2175 Tarnoff, Curt, and Marian Leonardo Lawson. (2016). Foreign Aid: An Introduction to U.S. Programs and Policy. Washington, DC: Congressional Research Service. Tarp, F., & Hjertholm, P. (2000). Foreign aid and development: Lessons learnt and directions for the future. London: Routledge.Taylor, L., (1990). “A Three-Gap Model,” in Problems of Developing Countries in the 1990s. edited by F.D. McCarthy. Washington DC: World Bank. Tubilewicz, Czelaw and Alain Guilloux. (2011). Does size matter? Foreign aid in Taiwan`s diplomatic strategy, 2000-8. Australian Journal of International Affairs, Vol. 65, No. 3, pp. 322-39. Tubilewicz, C. (2015). State transformation and the domestic politics of foreign aid in Taiwan. The Pacific Review, Vol. 29, No. 1, pp. 45-66.World Economic Forum. (2016). The Global Competitiveness Report 2016-2017. 描述 碩士
國立政治大學
國際研究英語碩士學位學程 (IMPIS)
104862004資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G1048620041 資料類型 thesis dc.contributor.advisor 李栢浡 zh_TW dc.contributor.advisor Lee, Pai Po en_US dc.contributor.author (Authors) 程宇清 zh_TW dc.contributor.author (Authors) Cheng, Yu Ching en_US dc.creator (作者) 程宇清 zh_TW dc.creator (作者) Cheng, Yu Ching en_US dc.date (日期) 2016 en_US dc.date.accessioned 24-Jul-2017 12:18:59 (UTC+8) - dc.date.available 24-Jul-2017 12:18:59 (UTC+8) - dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 24-Jul-2017 12:18:59 (UTC+8) - dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G1048620041 en_US dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/111387 - dc.description (描述) 碩士 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 國際研究英語碩士學位學程 (IMPIS) zh_TW dc.description (描述) 104862004 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) 本論文之研究目的在探討對外援助對台灣的重要性，並以南韓作為比較分析，因兩國有高度相似的援外發展歷史。台灣與南韓已成功由受援國躍升為援助國，此研究著重於其近十年來的援助情形，目的是了解台灣援外的優劣勢以提供未來發展的展望。作者採用質性研究方法，邀請台灣援外的從業人員以及外交學者進行半結構式訪談。結果顯示，外交是台灣的首要關注，然而南韓則是出自經濟利益考量，鎖定特定的開發中國家。台灣擁有成功的發展經驗和優秀的人力資源，但是也面臨難解的困境，像是對邦交國的過度在意、衰退的經濟、以及兩岸關係的起伏跌宕。藉由解析南韓的援外狀況與專家訪談的回饋，研究者提供以下建議，企盼為台灣援外帶來改變的契機:建立多面向的援外系統、尋求商業機會、促進公私部門合作、穩定台海關係、帶動經濟復甦、創造雙贏的援外模式。 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) This study intended to identify the importance of foreign aid to Taiwan while South Korea served as a benchmark due to their high-level of similarity in developmental history. The focus was their donor behaviors in recent years and a literature review was conducted to understand related concepts and the two nations’ aid experiences. The goal of this project was to examine the advantages and disadvantages of Taiwanese aid so as to look into its future prospects. A qualitative method was adopted through semi-structured interviews with diplomacy professors and aid practitioners. South Korea pivots to certain developing countries for their economic value, while diplomacy has been Taiwan’s top priority. Developmental success and human resources are Taiwan`s strengths but its overemphasis on diplomacy, deteriorating economy, and wavering ties with China cause obstacles. A review of South Korean aid along with the interviewee’s response suggest several ways to improve: building a multidimensional aid system, seeking economic opportunities, forming public-private partnerships, stabilizing cross-strait ties, boosting economic recovery, and pursuing a win-win. The research findings shed light on Taiwan’s aid conditions and offer valuable policy recommendations. en_US dc.description.tableofcontents CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION……1 RESEARCH BACKGROUND……1 RESEARCH PURPOSES……9 RESEARCH QUESTIONS……9 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY……9 DELIMITATIONS……10CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW……11 FOREIGN AID……11 ECONOMIC GROWTH……18 AID EFFECTIVENESS……22 TAIWAN’S FOREIGN AID……26 SOUTH KOREA’S FOREIGN AID……32CHAPTER III METHODOLOGY……41 RESEARCH FRAMEWORK……41 RESEARCH PROCEDURE……42 RESEARCH METHOD……45CHAPTER IV RESULTS AND DISCUSSION……48 AID SYSTEMS……49 AID PURPOSES……56 AID CONDITIONS……60 AID STYLES……67 DISCUSSION……74CHAPTER V CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS……78 CONCLUSION……78 RECOMMENDATIONS……81 RESEARCH CONTRIBUTIONS……82 RESEARCH LIMITATIONS……83 FURTHER RESEARCH SUGGESTIONS……84REFERENCES……85APPENDIX A INTERVIEW CONSENT LETTER……91APPENDIX B INTERVIEW QUESTIONS FOR PRACTITIONERS……92APPENDIX C INTERVIEW QUESTIONS FOR SCHOLARS……93APPENDIX D INTERVIEW TRANSCRIPT……94 zh_TW dc.format.extent 1343743 bytes - dc.format.mimetype application/pdf - dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G1048620041 en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) 對外援助 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 台灣 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 南韓 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) Foreign aid en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Taiwan en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) South Korea en_US dc.title (題名) 台灣對外援助的展望:以南韓為基準分析 zh_TW dc.title (題名) The prospects of Taiwan`s foreign aid: a comparison with South Korea en_US dc.type (資料類型) thesis en_US dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Akramov, K. T. (2012). Foreign Aid Allocation, Governance, and Economic Growth. University of Pennsylvania Press.American Foreign Policy Council. (1992). Modernizing Foreign Assistance: Resource Management As An Instrument of Foreign Policy. Westport: Praeger.Asian Development Bank. (2012). The Saemaul Undong Movement in the Republic of Korea: Sharing Knowledge on Community-Driven Development. Balogun, P. (2005). Evaluating Progress Towards Harmonisation. London: Department for International Development. (Working Paper, 15.)Boone, P. (1996). Politics and the Effectiveness of Foreign Aid. European Economic Review, No. 5308, pp. 289-329.Breuning, M. (2002). Foreign Aid, Development Assistance, or Development Cooperation: What`s in a Name? International Politics, Vol. 39, No. 3, pp. 369-377.Brookings Institution. (2010). A New Aid Model for the 21st Century. https://www.brookings.edu/blog/up-front/2010/11/15/a-new-aid-model-for-the-21st-century/Cato Institute. (2009). Foreign Aid and Economic Development. Cato Handbook for Policymakers, Vol. 7, pp. 655-670.Celia W, Dugger. (2011). “Maternal Deaths Focus Harsh Light on Uganda.” The New York Times, July 29.Chenery, H. B. and Strout, A. M. (1966). Foreign assistance and economic development. American Economic Review, Vol. 56, No. 4, pp. 679-733.Chien, S., Yang, T., & Wu, Y. (2010). Taiwan`s Foreign Aid and Technical Assistance in the Marshall Islands. Asian Survey, Vol. 50, No. 6, pp. 1184-1204.Chun, Hong-Min, E. N. Munyi, and H. Lee. (2010). South Korea as an emerging donor: Challenges and changes on its entering OECD/DAC. Journal of International Development, Vol. 22, No. 6, pp. 788-802.Committee for International Development Cooperation (CIDC). (2014). Korea`s official development assistance white paper: Opening a new era of happiness for all humanity. Congressional Budget Office (CBO). (1997). The Role of Foreign Aid in Development. Washington, D.C.: Congressional Budget Office.Crawford, Gordon. (2001). Foreign Aid and Political Reform: A comparative Analysis of Democracy Assistance and Political Conditionality. New York: Palgrave.Development Alliance Korea (DAK). (2017). Concept: What is DAK. Domar, E. D. (1946). Capital Expansion, Rate of Growth, and Employment. Econometrica, Vol. 14, pp. 137-147.Doucouliagos, H., and Paldam, M. (2008). Aid Effectiveness on Growth: A Meta Study. European Journal of Political Economy, Vol. 24, No. 1, pp. 1-24.Feyzioglu, T., V. Swaroop, and M. Zhu. (1998). A Panel Data Analysis of the Fungibility of Foreign Aid. The World Bank Economic Review, Vol. 12, No. 1, pp. 29-58.Fidrmuc, J., Kostagianni, S. (2015), Impact of IMF Assistance on Economic Growth Revisited. Economics and Sociology, Vol. 8, No. 3, pp. 32-40. Frey, B. S., & Al-Roumi, A. (1999). Political democracy and the physical quality of life: the cross-national evidence. Social Indicators Research, Vol. 47, No. 1, pp. 73-97.Friedman, M. (1958). Foreign Economic Aid: Means and Objectives. Yale Review, Vol. 47, No. 4, pp. 500-515. Gray, Kevin. (2014). U.S. Aid and Uneven Development in East Asia. ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, Vol. 656, No. 1, pp. 41-58.Fuchs, A., Dreher, A., and Nunnenkamp, P. (2013). Determinants of Donor Generosity: A Survey of the Aid Budget Literature. World Development, Vol. 56, pp. 172-199.Harrod, R. F. (1939). An Essay in Dynamic Theory. Economic Journal, Vol. 49, No. 193, pp.14-33.Hughes, H. (2003). Trade Or Aid? Which Benefits Developing Countries More? Economic Papers: A Journal of Applied Economics and Policy, Vol. 22, No. 3, pp. 1-19.International Cooperation and Development Fund. (2016). 2015 Taiwan ICDF Annual Report. InsideGov. (2016). U.S. Overseas Loans and Grants to Taiwan and South Korea. http://us-foreign aid.insidegov.com/l/171/Taiwan Kaul, I., P. Conceicao, K. Le. Goulven, and R. U. Mendoza. (2003). Providing Global Public Goods: Managing Globalization. New York: Oxford University Press.Kiely, Kathy. (2001). “Importance of Foreign Aid Is Hitting Home.” USA TODAY, December 3.Kimura, H., et al. (2012). Aid Proliferation and Economic Growth: A Cross-Country Analysis. World Development, Vol. 40, No. 1, pp. 1-10.Kodama, M. (2012). Aid Unpredictability and Economic Growth. World Development, Vol. 40, No. 2, pp. 266-272.Korea International Cooperation Agency. (2011). 20 Years of KOICA. Korea Joongang Daily. (2010). Saemaul concepts to be part of Korea ODA. Korean Saemaulundong Center. (2016). SMU in Korea. http://www.saemaul.com/eng/whatSMU/koreaSMUKosack, Stephen. (2003). Effective Aid: How Democracy Allows Development Aid to Improve the Quality of Life. World Development, Vol. 31, No. 1, pp. 1-22.Krueger, Anne O. (1989). Aid and Development. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.Lee, M. (2016). KOICA Strategy for Rural and Agricultural Development. The Second Asian Local Governments for Organic Agriculture (ALGOA) Summit. Lee, P. P. (2016). Managing International Development and Cooperation. Great Coronora Press.Minato, Kunio. (2015). Comparing Public Attitudes towards Aid to Developing Countries between Traditional and Emerging Donors: The Case of Japan and Korea. Development Policy Review, Vol. 33, pp. 805-826.Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Korea. (2014). 2014 Korea’s Official Development Assistance White Paper: Opening a New Era of Happiness for All Humanity. Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of China. (2009). White Paper on Foreign Aid Policy (Summary). Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of China. (2015). International Cooperation and Development Report 2014. Morss, E. R. (1984). Institutional destruction resulting from donor and project proliferation in Sub-Saharan African Countries. World Development, Vol. 12, No. 4, pp. 465-470.Mosley, P. (1985). The Political Economy of Foreign Aid: A Model of the Market for a Public Good. Economic Development and Cultural Change, Vol. 33, No. 2, pp. 373-393.Moyo, D. (2009). Dead Aid: Why Aid is Not Working and How There is Another Way for Africa. London: Allen Lane.National Development Council, ROC. (2016). Taiwan Statistical Book 2016.OECD. (2003). Rome Declaration on Harmonisation. https://www.oecd.org/dac/effectiveness/31451637.pdf OECD. (2005). Paris Declaration on Aid Effectiveness. https://www.oecd.org/dac/effectiveness/parisdeclarationandaccraagendaforaction.htm OECD. (2012). Development Assistance Committee (DAC) Peer Review 2012OECD. (2013). Multilateral Aid Report. The Development Committee: Enabling Effective Development.OECD. (2016a). Development Assistance Committee. http://www.oecd.org/dac/developmentassistancecommitteedac.htm OECD. (2016b). Net ODA. https://data.oecd.org/oda/net-oda.htm OECD. (2016c). Development Co-operation Report 2016. The Development Assistance Committee.Pew Research Center. (2013). Opinion of Americans. Potter, David M. (2012). Foreign Aid Competition in Northeast Asia. Bloomington: Kumarian Press.Ravallion, M., & Chen, S. (2007). Absolute Poverty Measures For The Developing World, 1981-2004. World Bank Development Research Group, Vol. 104, No. 43. Riddell, R. C. (2008). Does Foreign Aid Really Work? Oxford: Oxford University Press.Sato, Jin, Hiroaki Shiga, Takaaki Kobayashi, and Hisahiro Kondoh. (2011). Emerging Donors from a Recipient Perspective: An Institutional Analysis of Foreign Aid in Cambodia. World Development, Vol. 39, No. 12. Svensson, J. (1999). Aid, Growth and Democracy. Economics and Politics, Vol. 11, No. 3, pp. 275–297.Taiwan Business TOPICS (by the American Chamber of Commerce). (2016). Taiwan`s Diplomatic Dilemma. http://topics.amcham.com.tw/2016/02/taiwans-diplomatic-dilemma-2/Taiwan Today. (2016). President Tsai Returns from Diplomatic Trip, Touts Steadfast Diplomacy. http://taiwantoday.tw/ct.asp?xItem=246013&ctNode=2175 Tarnoff, Curt, and Marian Leonardo Lawson. (2016). Foreign Aid: An Introduction to U.S. Programs and Policy. Washington, DC: Congressional Research Service. Tarp, F., & Hjertholm, P. (2000). Foreign aid and development: Lessons learnt and directions for the future. London: Routledge.Taylor, L., (1990). “A Three-Gap Model,” in Problems of Developing Countries in the 1990s. edited by F.D. McCarthy. Washington DC: World Bank. Tubilewicz, Czelaw and Alain Guilloux. (2011). Does size matter? Foreign aid in Taiwan`s diplomatic strategy, 2000-8. Australian Journal of International Affairs, Vol. 65, No. 3, pp. 322-39. Tubilewicz, C. (2015). State transformation and the domestic politics of foreign aid in Taiwan. The Pacific Review, Vol. 29, No. 1, pp. 45-66.World Economic Forum. (2016). The Global Competitiveness Report 2016-2017. zh_TW
