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題名 外籍勞動力在臺縣市分布的影響因素探討 ─長期追蹤資料分析法
The Study on the Factors Influencing the Foreign Workforce in Taiwan among cities and counties ─Panel Data Analysis作者 謝沛穎 貢獻者 羅光達
謝沛穎關鍵詞 外籍勞動力
長期追蹤資料
固定效果模型
Foreign workforce
Panel data analysis
Fixed effect model日期 2017 上傳時間 31-Aug-2017 12:23:29 (UTC+8) 摘要 臺灣隨著戰後嬰兒潮步入高齡，加上生育率為世界最低國家之一，刻正面臨嚴重的少子化及高齡化問題，除提升生育率、減少本國勞動力外流、並爭取海外留學生、僑民回國就業外，補充外籍勞動力，以減緩工作世代壓力，實為我國的當務之急。為了解外國勞動力在臺工作縣市分布的影響因素，不同於以往的研究，本文從縣市別角度出發，採用2006年至2015年臺灣21個縣市的追蹤調查資料，以外籍專業人員、外籍勞工、全部外籍勞動力為被解釋變數建立3個模型，並分別以最小平方法、固定效果模型以及隨機效果模型進行迴歸分析，結果顯示，影響外國專業人才來臺工作縣市分布之重要因素為產業因素與教育資源因素，而失業率、產業因素以及教育資源因素則為外籍勞工與全部外籍勞動力的重要影響因素。
Taiwan, with the post-war baby boom turning into the elderly boom by time, coupled with being one of the lowest birth rate in the world, is currently facing serious population aging problems. In order to deal with this situation, Taiwan government needs to encourage fertility, reduce domestic workforce outflows, and attract overseas students and nationals to return home. In addition, it is also urgent to recruit foreign workforce to ease the pressure of domestic working generation.Different from the previous studies, this study attempted to understand the influencing factors of foreign workforce’s distribution in Taiwan by adopting a new perspective of observing each city and county respectively. This study used the data of 21 cities and counties in Taiwan from year 2006 to 2015, choosing the data of foreign workforce, foreign professionals and foreign labors as the dependent variables. Afterwards, the OLS model, the fixed effect model and the random effect model were conducted to estimate those variables separately. The results indicated that the industrial factors and educational resources factors were the main important factors influencing the distribution of foreign professionals in Taiwan, while the unemployment rate, industrial factors and educational resources factors were the important factors influencing the distribution of foreign labors and all the foreign workforce.參考文獻 壹、 中文部分王怡雯（2006），「生活環境滿意度與人口遷移關係之研究-以台南市為例」，臺北市立教育大學社會科教育研究所碩士論文。吳惠林、王素彎（2001），「外籍勞工在臺灣的趨勢、經濟關連與政策」《人口學刊第22期，49-70。徐榮崇（2008），「跨國的移置與鑲嵌──談加拿大臺灣僑民的移民動機與居住地選擇」，《臺北市立教育大學學報》，39(2)， 39-78。徐美、陳晏羚（2013），「影響外籍勞工和外國專業人員的決定因素之分析—區域產業的影響」, 《就業安全》，12(2)。許道欣（1992），「人口遷移決策及其影響因素：臺灣地區人口內部遷移之研究」，國立中興大學都市計畫研究所碩士論文。康琪珮 （2006） ，「台灣各縣市地方社會福利支出對人口遷移之影響」，國立政治大學財政學系碩士論文。翁貴貞（2014），「台灣跨縣市人口遷徙之研究－與五都升格和財政結構之關係」，國立清華大學經濟學系碩士論文。薛立敏、曾喜棚、陳雅君（2002），「區域人口遷入台北都會區地點選擇之實證研究」，《住宅學報》，11(2)，159-178。薛立敏、曾喜棚、謝鈺偉（2007），「台灣地區近年來遷移行為變化之影響因素分析」，《人口學刊》，34， 69-107。戴肇洋（2008），「引進外籍專業人員政策推動現況與展望」，《臺灣勞工季刊》16(11)，82-91。貳、 英文部分Berger, Mark C. & Glenn C. Blomquist (1992). “Mobility and destination in migration decisions: The roles of earnings, quality of life, and housing prices,” Journal of Housing Economics, 2(1), 37-59.Breusch, T. S., Pagan, A. R. (1979). “A Simple Test for Heteroskedasticity and Random Coefficient Variation,” Econometrica, 47 (5), 1287–1294.D`Costa, Anthony P. (2006). “The international mobility of technical talent: Trends and development implications,” Research Paper, UNU-WIDER, United Nations University. Durbin, James (1954). “Errors in variables,” Review of the International Statistical Institute, 22 (1/3), 23–32.Drinkwater, Stephen & Catherine Robinson (2013).” Welfare participation by immigrants in the UK,” International Journal of Manpower, 34(2), 100-112.Hausman, J. A. (1978). “Specification Tests in Econometrics,” Econometrica, 46 (6), 1251–1271.Kanjanapan, Wilawan (1992). “White Collar Foreign Workers in Taiwan,” Asian and Pacific Migration Journal, 1(3-4), 569-583.Lichter, Daniel T. (2012). “ Immigration and the New Racial Diversity in Rural America,” Rural Sociol, 77(1), 3–35.Lee, E. S. (1966). “A Theory of Migration,” Demography, 3(1), 45-57.Nakamura, Alice; Nakamura, Masao (1981). “On the Relationships Among Several Specification Error Tests Presented by Durbin, Wu, and Hausman,” Econometrica, 49 (6), 1583–1588.Ravenstein, E. G. (1889). “The Laws of Migration,” Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, 52(2), 241-305.Tiebout, C.M. (1956). “A Pure Theory of Local Expenditures,” The Journal of Political Economy, 64(5), 416-424.Tsay, Ching-lung (2002). “ Labor Migration and Regional Changes in East Asia: Outflows of Thai Workers to Taiwan,” Southeast Asian Studies, 40(3), 372-394.Wong, D. (1997). “Transience and settlement: Singapore`s foreign labor policy,” Asian and Pacific Migration Journal,6(2),135-67.Wu, De-Min (1973). “Alternative Tests of Independence between Stochastic Regressors and Disturbances,” Econometrica, 41 (4), 733–750.參、 書籍歐洲在臺商務協會（2016），「決斷瞬間，果敢行動：迎戰不確定的年代」，2016建議書。Solimano, Andrés (2008), The International Mobility of Talent: Types, Causes, and Development Impact Lomax, Richard G. (2007). Statistical Concepts: A Second Course, 10肆、 網路資源中華民國統計資訊網─縣市重要統計指標查詢系統網址：http://statdb.dgbas.gov.tw/pxweb/dialog/statfile9.asp勞動部勞動統計查詢網網址：https://statfy.mol.gov.tw/default.aspx勞動部網址：http://www.mol.gov.tw/國家發展委員會網址：http://www.ndc.gov.tw/衛生福利部網址：http://www.mohw.gov.tw/mp-1.htmlIMF (2015). “Staff Background Paper for G20 Surveillance Note International Migration: Recent Trends, Economic Impacts, and Policy Implications”網址：http://www.imf.org/external/np/g20/pdf/2015/111515background.pdfInterNations (2016). “Expat Insider 2016” the InterNations Survey網址：https://www.internations.org/expat-insider/ 描述 碩士
國立政治大學
財政學系
102255027資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0102255027 資料類型 thesis dc.contributor.advisor 羅光達 zh_TW dc.contributor.author (Authors) 謝沛穎 zh_TW dc.creator (作者) 謝沛穎 zh_TW dc.date (日期) 2017 en_US dc.date.accessioned 31-Aug-2017 12:23:29 (UTC+8) - dc.date.available 31-Aug-2017 12:23:29 (UTC+8) - dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 31-Aug-2017 12:23:29 (UTC+8) - dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0102255027 en_US dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/112411 - dc.description (描述) 碩士 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 財政學系 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 102255027 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) 臺灣隨著戰後嬰兒潮步入高齡，加上生育率為世界最低國家之一，刻正面臨嚴重的少子化及高齡化問題，除提升生育率、減少本國勞動力外流、並爭取海外留學生、僑民回國就業外，補充外籍勞動力，以減緩工作世代壓力，實為我國的當務之急。為了解外國勞動力在臺工作縣市分布的影響因素，不同於以往的研究，本文從縣市別角度出發，採用2006年至2015年臺灣21個縣市的追蹤調查資料，以外籍專業人員、外籍勞工、全部外籍勞動力為被解釋變數建立3個模型，並分別以最小平方法、固定效果模型以及隨機效果模型進行迴歸分析，結果顯示，影響外國專業人才來臺工作縣市分布之重要因素為產業因素與教育資源因素，而失業率、產業因素以及教育資源因素則為外籍勞工與全部外籍勞動力的重要影響因素。 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) Taiwan, with the post-war baby boom turning into the elderly boom by time, coupled with being one of the lowest birth rate in the world, is currently facing serious population aging problems. In order to deal with this situation, Taiwan government needs to encourage fertility, reduce domestic workforce outflows, and attract overseas students and nationals to return home. In addition, it is also urgent to recruit foreign workforce to ease the pressure of domestic working generation.Different from the previous studies, this study attempted to understand the influencing factors of foreign workforce’s distribution in Taiwan by adopting a new perspective of observing each city and county respectively. This study used the data of 21 cities and counties in Taiwan from year 2006 to 2015, choosing the data of foreign workforce, foreign professionals and foreign labors as the dependent variables. Afterwards, the OLS model, the fixed effect model and the random effect model were conducted to estimate those variables separately. The results indicated that the industrial factors and educational resources factors were the main important factors influencing the distribution of foreign professionals in Taiwan, while the unemployment rate, industrial factors and educational resources factors were the important factors influencing the distribution of foreign labors and all the foreign workforce. en_US dc.description.tableofcontents 第壹章 緒論 1第一節 研究動機與目的 1第二節 研究方法與限制 4第三節 研究架構 5第貳章 文獻回顧 7第一節 外籍勞動力相關文獻 7第二節 人口移動相關文獻 13第參章 我國外籍勞動力政策及現況 17第一節 外籍勞動力定義 18第二節 外籍專業人員相關政策及人數 20第三節 外籍勞工相關政策及人數 25第四節 外籍勞動力縣市分布狀況 28第肆章 研究設計 35第一節 實證模型 35第二節 模型設定 41第三節 資料來源 42第四節 變數說明 43第伍章 實證結果 49第一節 敘述統計 49第二節 實證結果 51第陸章 結論與建議 62第一節 結論 62第二節 建議 65參考文獻 67 zh_TW dc.format.extent 1592586 bytes - dc.format.mimetype application/pdf - dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0102255027 en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) 外籍勞動力 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 長期追蹤資料 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 固定效果模型 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) Foreign workforce en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Panel data analysis en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Fixed effect model en_US dc.title (題名) 外籍勞動力在臺縣市分布的影響因素探討 ─長期追蹤資料分析法 zh_TW dc.title (題名) The Study on the Factors Influencing the Foreign Workforce in Taiwan among cities and counties ─Panel Data Analysis en_US dc.type (資料類型) thesis en_US dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 壹、 中文部分王怡雯（2006），「生活環境滿意度與人口遷移關係之研究-以台南市為例」，臺北市立教育大學社會科教育研究所碩士論文。吳惠林、王素彎（2001），「外籍勞工在臺灣的趨勢、經濟關連與政策」《人口學刊第22期，49-70。徐榮崇（2008），「跨國的移置與鑲嵌──談加拿大臺灣僑民的移民動機與居住地選擇」，《臺北市立教育大學學報》，39(2)， 39-78。徐美、陳晏羚（2013），「影響外籍勞工和外國專業人員的決定因素之分析—區域產業的影響」, 《就業安全》，12(2)。許道欣（1992），「人口遷移決策及其影響因素：臺灣地區人口內部遷移之研究」，國立中興大學都市計畫研究所碩士論文。康琪珮 （2006） ，「台灣各縣市地方社會福利支出對人口遷移之影響」，國立政治大學財政學系碩士論文。翁貴貞（2014），「台灣跨縣市人口遷徙之研究－與五都升格和財政結構之關係」，國立清華大學經濟學系碩士論文。薛立敏、曾喜棚、陳雅君（2002），「區域人口遷入台北都會區地點選擇之實證研究」，《住宅學報》，11(2)，159-178。薛立敏、曾喜棚、謝鈺偉（2007），「台灣地區近年來遷移行為變化之影響因素分析」，《人口學刊》，34， 69-107。戴肇洋（2008），「引進外籍專業人員政策推動現況與展望」，《臺灣勞工季刊》16(11)，82-91。貳、 英文部分Berger, Mark C. & Glenn C. Blomquist (1992). “Mobility and destination in migration decisions: The roles of earnings, quality of life, and housing prices,” Journal of Housing Economics, 2(1), 37-59.Breusch, T. S., Pagan, A. R. (1979). “A Simple Test for Heteroskedasticity and Random Coefficient Variation,” Econometrica, 47 (5), 1287–1294.D`Costa, Anthony P. (2006). “The international mobility of technical talent: Trends and development implications,” Research Paper, UNU-WIDER, United Nations University. Durbin, James (1954). “Errors in variables,” Review of the International Statistical Institute, 22 (1/3), 23–32.Drinkwater, Stephen & Catherine Robinson (2013).” Welfare participation by immigrants in the UK,” International Journal of Manpower, 34(2), 100-112.Hausman, J. A. (1978). “Specification Tests in Econometrics,” Econometrica, 46 (6), 1251–1271.Kanjanapan, Wilawan (1992). “White Collar Foreign Workers in Taiwan,” Asian and Pacific Migration Journal, 1(3-4), 569-583.Lichter, Daniel T. (2012). “ Immigration and the New Racial Diversity in Rural America,” Rural Sociol, 77(1), 3–35.Lee, E. S. (1966). “A Theory of Migration,” Demography, 3(1), 45-57.Nakamura, Alice; Nakamura, Masao (1981). “On the Relationships Among Several Specification Error Tests Presented by Durbin, Wu, and Hausman,” Econometrica, 49 (6), 1583–1588.Ravenstein, E. G. (1889). “The Laws of Migration,” Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, 52(2), 241-305.Tiebout, C.M. (1956). “A Pure Theory of Local Expenditures,” The Journal of Political Economy, 64(5), 416-424.Tsay, Ching-lung (2002). “ Labor Migration and Regional Changes in East Asia: Outflows of Thai Workers to Taiwan,” Southeast Asian Studies, 40(3), 372-394.Wong, D. (1997). “Transience and settlement: Singapore`s foreign labor policy,” Asian and Pacific Migration Journal,6(2),135-67.Wu, De-Min (1973). “Alternative Tests of Independence between Stochastic Regressors and Disturbances,” Econometrica, 41 (4), 733–750.參、 書籍歐洲在臺商務協會（2016），「決斷瞬間，果敢行動：迎戰不確定的年代」，2016建議書。Solimano, Andrés (2008), The International Mobility of Talent: Types, Causes, and Development Impact Lomax, Richard G. (2007). Statistical Concepts: A Second Course, 10肆、 網路資源中華民國統計資訊網─縣市重要統計指標查詢系統網址：http://statdb.dgbas.gov.tw/pxweb/dialog/statfile9.asp勞動部勞動統計查詢網網址：https://statfy.mol.gov.tw/default.aspx勞動部網址：http://www.mol.gov.tw/國家發展委員會網址：http://www.ndc.gov.tw/衛生福利部網址：http://www.mohw.gov.tw/mp-1.htmlIMF (2015). “Staff Background Paper for G20 Surveillance Note International Migration: Recent Trends, Economic Impacts, and Policy Implications”網址：http://www.imf.org/external/np/g20/pdf/2015/111515background.pdfInterNations (2016). “Expat Insider 2016” the InterNations Survey網址：https://www.internations.org/expat-insider/ zh_TW
