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題名 威瑪共和時期德意志猶太人的身份與認同
The identity and self-identification of the German Jews during the Weimar period作者 黃霈耘 貢獻者 周惠民
黃霈耘關鍵詞 威瑪共和
猶太人
柏林
城市文化
德國史
納粹日期 2017 上傳時間 13-Sep-2017 14:44:40 (UTC+8) 摘要 本文探討的主要對象「德意志猶太人」，指的並非住在德國的猶太人，而是精神上認同德意志的猶太人，這些猶太人經歷生存的考驗，在他鄉生根之後，努力「同化自己」，使其融入德國社會並獲得認同。 研究的時代背景為十九世紀到威瑪共和時期的柏林。經過第一次世界大戰、政治的巨大變革，以及經濟與社會結構的改變，柏林呈現一個新舊交雜的景象。另一方面，「威瑪文化」被視為現代主義的典範，同時也是各種學術與藝術領域上的一個高峰，在多方面都表現出極具活力的面貌。除了美術、音樂、電影等領域的現代主義、表現主義作品，大都會的發展與大眾生活亦符合「現代」意義，而共和首都柏林即為威瑪文化的中心。 文章先鋪陳威瑪共和文化，接著陳述柏林城市的發展，其中包含猶太人遷居的經過。在經濟與社會地位逐漸獲得提升後，猶太人開始追求文化與精神上的卓越以及身份的認同。然而經過共和的失敗與種種累積已久的因素，「德意志猶太人」的自我認同終究不被承認，對其而言這是很大的矛盾與衝突。種族主義與繼之而起的納粹政權，更將猶太人驅逐消滅，包括他們建立的文化與成就。然而即使幻滅，在「德意志猶太人」生活與創造的歷史中，我們仍能看見他們如何為德意志社會帶來豐富的內涵與文化。 參考文獻 Hessel, Franz; translated by Amanda DeMarco. In Berlin: Day and Night in 1929. Berlin: Readux Books, 2013.Roth, Joseph; translated by Michael Hofmann. What I saw : reports from Berlin, 1920-1933. London: Granta, 2013.Walser, Robert; translated by Susan Bernofsky. Berlin Stories. New York: NYRB Classics, 2012.Benjamin, Walter; edited by Marcus Bullock, and Michael W. Jennings. Walter Benjamin: Selected Writings, Volume 1: 1913-1926. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2004.Kaes, Anton, Martin Jay and Edward Dimendberg. The Weimar Republic Sourcebook. Berkeley; Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1994.瓦爾特・班雅明著；李士勛，徐小青譯，《班雅明作品選：單行道、柏林童年》（臺北：允晨，2003）。斯蒂芬・茨威格著；史行果譯，《昨日世界》（臺北：邊城，2005）。賽巴斯提安・哈夫納著；周全譯，《一個德國人的故事》（台北：左岸，2007）。Ralph, Philip Lee, Robert E. Lerner, Standish Meacham, and Edward McNall Burns著；文從蘇、谷意、林姿君、薛克強譯，《世界文明史（後篇）：從工業革命到現代》（台北：五南，2011）。卡爾・休斯克著；黃煜文譯，《世紀末的維也納》（臺北：麥田，2002）。艾德加‧福伊希特萬格、貝提勒‧史卡利著；粘耿嘉譯，《我的鄰居希特勒：1929-1939，一名猶太歷史學家的童年回憶》（臺北：貓頭鷹，2014）。彼得・蓋伊著；劉森堯譯，《威瑪文化》（臺北：立緒，2009）。彼得‧蓋伊著；梁永安譯，《史尼茨勒的世紀:中產階級文化的形成1815-1914》（台北：立緒，2004）。胡貝爾・戈納著；李中文譯，《愛因斯坦在柏林》（臺北：立緒，2007）。瑪麗．富布盧克著；糜佳譯，《妳在哪裡，德意志？─一個找不到自我的國家》（臺北：左岸，2001）。漢娜．鄂蘭著；林驤華譯，《極權主義的起源》（臺北：左岸2009）。霍布斯邦著；周全譯，《趣味橫生的時光 ——我的二十世紀人生》（臺北：左岸，2008）。霍布斯邦著；賈士蘅譯，《帝國的年代：1875 - 1914》（台北：麥田，1997）。霍爾格．泰格邁爾著；劉興華譯，《柏林人文漫步：一部城市圖像與文學史的重疊書寫》（臺北：立緒，2006）。賽巴斯提安・哈夫納著 ; 周全譯，《不含傳說的普魯士》（新北：左岸，2012）。Bilski, Emily D.. Berlin Metropolis: Jews and the New Culture, 1890-1918. Berkeley; Los Angeles: University of California Press, 2000.Bingham, John. Weimar Cities: the Challenge of Urban Modernity in Germany, 1919-1933. New York: Routledge, 2008.Brenner, Michael. The Renaissance of Jewish Culture in Weimar Germany. New Haven; London: Yale University Press, 1998.Durst, David C.. Weimar Modernism: Philosophy, Politics, and Culture in Germany, 1918-1933. Lanham, MD: Lexington Books, 2004.Elkins, T. H.. Berlin: The Spatial Structure of a Divided City. London ; New York : Methuen, 1988.Forster-Hahn, Françoise; Center for Advanced Study in the Visual Arts (U.S.),. Imagining modern German culture, 1889-1910. Washington: National Gallery of Art, 1996.Föllmer, Moritz. Individuality and Modernity in Berlin: Self and Society from Weimar to the Wall. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2013.Gordon, Peter E., and John P. McCormick. Weimar Thought: A Contested Legacy. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2013.Hake, Sabine. Topographies of Class: Modern Architecture and Mass Society in Weimar Berlin. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 2008.Hall, Thomas. Planning Europe`s Capital Cities: Aspects of Nineteenth-Century Urban Development. New York: Taylor & Francis, 1997.Haney, David H.. When Modern Was Green: Life and Work of Landscape Architect Leberecht Migge. London: Routledge, 2010.Kaplan, Leonard V., and Rudy Koshar. The Weimar Moment: Liberalism, Political Theology, and Law. Lanham, MD: Lexington Books, 2012.Kleihues, Josef Paul, and Christina Rathgeber. Berlin/New York: like and unlike: essays on architecture and art from 1870 to the present. New York: Rizzoli, 1993.Ladd, Brian. The Ghosts of Berlin: Confronting German History in the Urban Landscape. Chicago: University Of Chicago Press, 1998.Ladd, Brian. Urban Planning and Civic Order in Germany, 1860-1914. Cambridge, Ma: Harvard University Press, 1990.Leydecker, Karl. German Novelists of the Weimar Republic: Intersections of Literature and Politics. New York: Camden House, 2006.Midgley, David R.. Writing Weimar: Critical Realism in German Literature, 1918-1933. Oxford; New York: Oxford University Press, 2000.Palmér, Torsten. The Weimar Republic Through the Lens of the Press. Cologne: Könemann, 2000.Peukert, Detlev; translated by Richard Deveson. The Weimar Republic : the crisis of classical modernity. New York: Hill and Wang, 1993.Pile, Steve. Real Cities: Modernity, Space and the Phantasmagorias of City Life. London: Sage Publications Ltd, 2005.Retallack, James. Imperial Germany, 1871-1918. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2008. Rosenfeld, Sidney. Understanding Joseph Roth. Columbia: University of South Carolina Press, 2001.Scarpa, Ludovica. Martin Wagner und Berlin: Architektur und Städtebau in der Weimarer Republik. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 2013.Sonne, Wolfgang. Representing the State: Capital City Panning in the Early Twentieth Century. Munich: Prestel Publishing, 2003.Stern, Fritz. Gold and iron: Bismarck, Bleichröder, and the Building of the German Empire. New York: Knopf, 1977.Storer, Colin. A Short History of the Weimar Republic. London; New York : I.B.Tauris, 2013.Warren, John, and Ulrike Zitzlsperger. Vienna Meets Berlin: Cultural Interaction 1918-1933. Bern: Peter Lang, 2008.Watson, Peter. The German Genius: Europe`s third renaissance, the second scientific revolution, and the twentieth century. New York : Harper, 2010.Weitz, Eric D.. Weimar Germany: Promise and Tragedy. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2007.Whyte, Iain Boyd. Metropolis Berlin: 1880-1940. Oakland: University of California Press, 2012.Williams, John, A.. Weimar Culture Revisited. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2011.Zimmerman, Susan, and Alison Rose. Urban Space And Identity in The European City 1890-1930s. Budapest: Central European University, 1995.Bodek, Richard. "The Not-So-Golden Twenties: Everyday Life and Communist Agitprop in Weimar-Era Berlin." Journal of Social History 30, no. 1 (1996): 55-78.Gandy, Matthew. "Borrowed Light: Journeys through Weimar Berlin." In The Fabric of Space: Water, Modernity, and the Urban Imagination, 55-80. MIT Press, 2014.Goebel, Rolf J. "Queer Berlin: Lifestyles, Performances, and Capitalist Consumer Society." The German Quarterly 79, no. 4 (2006): 484-504. Smith, Jill Suzanne. Berlin Coquette: Prostitution and the New German Woman, 1890–1933. Cornell University Press, 2013.Wagner, Monika. “Berlin Urban Spaces as Social Surfaces: Machine Aesthetics and Surface Texture.” Representations 102, no. 1 (2008): 53-75.Yudkin, Leon I. "Joseph Roth (1894-1939): Between Reportage and Fiction." Revue Européenne Des Études Hébraïques, no. 16 (2011): 127-48.http://germanhistorydocs.ghi-dc.org/https://weimarstudies.wordpress.com/ 描述 碩士
國立政治大學
歷史學系
102153020資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G1021530201 資料類型 thesis dc.contributor.advisor 周惠民 zh_TW dc.contributor.author (Authors) 黃霈耘 zh_TW dc.creator (作者) 黃霈耘 zh_TW dc.date (日期) 2017 en_US dc.date.accessioned 13-Sep-2017 14:44:40 (UTC+8) - dc.date.available 13-Sep-2017 14:44:40 (UTC+8) - dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 13-Sep-2017 14:44:40 (UTC+8) - dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G1021530201 en_US dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/112667 - dc.description (描述) 碩士 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 歷史學系 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 102153020 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) 本文探討的主要對象「德意志猶太人」，指的並非住在德國的猶太人，而是精神上認同德意志的猶太人，這些猶太人經歷生存的考驗，在他鄉生根之後，努力「同化自己」，使其融入德國社會並獲得認同。 研究的時代背景為十九世紀到威瑪共和時期的柏林。經過第一次世界大戰、政治的巨大變革，以及經濟與社會結構的改變，柏林呈現一個新舊交雜的景象。另一方面，「威瑪文化」被視為現代主義的典範，同時也是各種學術與藝術領域上的一個高峰，在多方面都表現出極具活力的面貌。除了美術、音樂、電影等領域的現代主義、表現主義作品，大都會的發展與大眾生活亦符合「現代」意義，而共和首都柏林即為威瑪文化的中心。 文章先鋪陳威瑪共和文化，接著陳述柏林城市的發展，其中包含猶太人遷居的經過。在經濟與社會地位逐漸獲得提升後，猶太人開始追求文化與精神上的卓越以及身份的認同。然而經過共和的失敗與種種累積已久的因素，「德意志猶太人」的自我認同終究不被承認，對其而言這是很大的矛盾與衝突。種族主義與繼之而起的納粹政權，更將猶太人驅逐消滅，包括他們建立的文化與成就。然而即使幻滅，在「德意志猶太人」生活與創造的歷史中，我們仍能看見他們如何為德意志社會帶來豐富的內涵與文化。 zh_TW dc.description.tableofcontents 前言 一、寫作目標與文獻回顧 1二、「威瑪共和」與其文化 2第一章 柏林城市發展一、早期城市的形成 10二、南特詔令的影響 11三、1870年後的新城市 13第二章 猶太人的身份一、生存之道 19二、俾斯麥的猶太朋友 20三、新城市的猶太人 25第三章 威瑪時期的猶太人一、猶太人的自我認同 29二、「德意志猶太人」 31三、柏林猶太人的文化活動 34第四章 共和末期的衝突一、「退化的藝術」與反猶主義 40二、一戰的究責問題 44結論：「德意志猶太人」的幻滅 47 zh_TW dc.format.extent 5240443 bytes - dc.format.mimetype application/pdf - dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G1021530201 en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) 威瑪共和 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 猶太人 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 柏林 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 城市文化 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 德國史 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 納粹 zh_TW dc.title (題名) 威瑪共和時期德意志猶太人的身份與認同 zh_TW dc.title (題名) The identity and self-identification of the German Jews during the Weimar period en_US dc.type (資料類型) thesis en_US dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Hessel, Franz; translated by Amanda DeMarco. In Berlin: Day and Night in 1929. Berlin: Readux Books, 2013.Roth, Joseph; translated by Michael Hofmann. What I saw : reports from Berlin, 1920-1933. London: Granta, 2013.Walser, Robert; translated by Susan Bernofsky. Berlin Stories. New York: NYRB Classics, 2012.Benjamin, Walter; edited by Marcus Bullock, and Michael W. Jennings. Walter Benjamin: Selected Writings, Volume 1: 1913-1926. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2004.Kaes, Anton, Martin Jay and Edward Dimendberg. The Weimar Republic Sourcebook. Berkeley; Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1994.瓦爾特・班雅明著；李士勛，徐小青譯，《班雅明作品選：單行道、柏林童年》（臺北：允晨，2003）。斯蒂芬・茨威格著；史行果譯，《昨日世界》（臺北：邊城，2005）。賽巴斯提安・哈夫納著；周全譯，《一個德國人的故事》（台北：左岸，2007）。Ralph, Philip Lee, Robert E. Lerner, Standish Meacham, and Edward McNall Burns著；文從蘇、谷意、林姿君、薛克強譯，《世界文明史（後篇）：從工業革命到現代》（台北：五南，2011）。卡爾・休斯克著；黃煜文譯，《世紀末的維也納》（臺北：麥田，2002）。艾德加‧福伊希特萬格、貝提勒‧史卡利著；粘耿嘉譯，《我的鄰居希特勒：1929-1939，一名猶太歷史學家的童年回憶》（臺北：貓頭鷹，2014）。彼得・蓋伊著；劉森堯譯，《威瑪文化》（臺北：立緒，2009）。彼得‧蓋伊著；梁永安譯，《史尼茨勒的世紀:中產階級文化的形成1815-1914》（台北：立緒，2004）。胡貝爾・戈納著；李中文譯，《愛因斯坦在柏林》（臺北：立緒，2007）。瑪麗．富布盧克著；糜佳譯，《妳在哪裡，德意志？─一個找不到自我的國家》（臺北：左岸，2001）。漢娜．鄂蘭著；林驤華譯，《極權主義的起源》（臺北：左岸2009）。霍布斯邦著；周全譯，《趣味橫生的時光 ——我的二十世紀人生》（臺北：左岸，2008）。霍布斯邦著；賈士蘅譯，《帝國的年代：1875 - 1914》（台北：麥田，1997）。霍爾格．泰格邁爾著；劉興華譯，《柏林人文漫步：一部城市圖像與文學史的重疊書寫》（臺北：立緒，2006）。賽巴斯提安・哈夫納著 ; 周全譯，《不含傳說的普魯士》（新北：左岸，2012）。Bilski, Emily D.. Berlin Metropolis: Jews and the New Culture, 1890-1918. Berkeley; Los Angeles: University of California Press, 2000.Bingham, John. Weimar Cities: the Challenge of Urban Modernity in Germany, 1919-1933. New York: Routledge, 2008.Brenner, Michael. The Renaissance of Jewish Culture in Weimar Germany. New Haven; London: Yale University Press, 1998.Durst, David C.. Weimar Modernism: Philosophy, Politics, and Culture in Germany, 1918-1933. Lanham, MD: Lexington Books, 2004.Elkins, T. H.. Berlin: The Spatial Structure of a Divided City. London ; New York : Methuen, 1988.Forster-Hahn, Françoise; Center for Advanced Study in the Visual Arts (U.S.),. Imagining modern German culture, 1889-1910. Washington: National Gallery of Art, 1996.Föllmer, Moritz. Individuality and Modernity in Berlin: Self and Society from Weimar to the Wall. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2013.Gordon, Peter E., and John P. McCormick. Weimar Thought: A Contested Legacy. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2013.Hake, Sabine. Topographies of Class: Modern Architecture and Mass Society in Weimar Berlin. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 2008.Hall, Thomas. Planning Europe`s Capital Cities: Aspects of Nineteenth-Century Urban Development. New York: Taylor & Francis, 1997.Haney, David H.. When Modern Was Green: Life and Work of Landscape Architect Leberecht Migge. London: Routledge, 2010.Kaplan, Leonard V., and Rudy Koshar. The Weimar Moment: Liberalism, Political Theology, and Law. Lanham, MD: Lexington Books, 2012.Kleihues, Josef Paul, and Christina Rathgeber. Berlin/New York: like and unlike: essays on architecture and art from 1870 to the present. New York: Rizzoli, 1993.Ladd, Brian. The Ghosts of Berlin: Confronting German History in the Urban Landscape. Chicago: University Of Chicago Press, 1998.Ladd, Brian. Urban Planning and Civic Order in Germany, 1860-1914. Cambridge, Ma: Harvard University Press, 1990.Leydecker, Karl. German Novelists of the Weimar Republic: Intersections of Literature and Politics. New York: Camden House, 2006.Midgley, David R.. Writing Weimar: Critical Realism in German Literature, 1918-1933. Oxford; New York: Oxford University Press, 2000.Palmér, Torsten. The Weimar Republic Through the Lens of the Press. Cologne: Könemann, 2000.Peukert, Detlev; translated by Richard Deveson. The Weimar Republic : the crisis of classical modernity. New York: Hill and Wang, 1993.Pile, Steve. Real Cities: Modernity, Space and the Phantasmagorias of City Life. London: Sage Publications Ltd, 2005.Retallack, James. Imperial Germany, 1871-1918. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2008. Rosenfeld, Sidney. Understanding Joseph Roth. Columbia: University of South Carolina Press, 2001.Scarpa, Ludovica. Martin Wagner und Berlin: Architektur und Städtebau in der Weimarer Republik. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 2013.Sonne, Wolfgang. Representing the State: Capital City Panning in the Early Twentieth Century. Munich: Prestel Publishing, 2003.Stern, Fritz. Gold and iron: Bismarck, Bleichröder, and the Building of the German Empire. New York: Knopf, 1977.Storer, Colin. A Short History of the Weimar Republic. London; New York : I.B.Tauris, 2013.Warren, John, and Ulrike Zitzlsperger. Vienna Meets Berlin: Cultural Interaction 1918-1933. Bern: Peter Lang, 2008.Watson, Peter. The German Genius: Europe`s third renaissance, the second scientific revolution, and the twentieth century. New York : Harper, 2010.Weitz, Eric D.. Weimar Germany: Promise and Tragedy. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2007.Whyte, Iain Boyd. Metropolis Berlin: 1880-1940. Oakland: University of California Press, 2012.Williams, John, A.. Weimar Culture Revisited. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2011.Zimmerman, Susan, and Alison Rose. Urban Space And Identity in The European City 1890-1930s. Budapest: Central European University, 1995.Bodek, Richard. "The Not-So-Golden Twenties: Everyday Life and Communist Agitprop in Weimar-Era Berlin." Journal of Social History 30, no. 1 (1996): 55-78.Gandy, Matthew. "Borrowed Light: Journeys through Weimar Berlin." In The Fabric of Space: Water, Modernity, and the Urban Imagination, 55-80. MIT Press, 2014.Goebel, Rolf J. "Queer Berlin: Lifestyles, Performances, and Capitalist Consumer Society." The German Quarterly 79, no. 4 (2006): 484-504. Smith, Jill Suzanne. Berlin Coquette: Prostitution and the New German Woman, 1890–1933. Cornell University Press, 2013.Wagner, Monika. “Berlin Urban Spaces as Social Surfaces: Machine Aesthetics and Surface Texture.” Representations 102, no. 1 (2008): 53-75.Yudkin, Leon I. "Joseph Roth (1894-1939): Between Reportage and Fiction." Revue Européenne Des Études Hébraïques, no. 16 (2011): 127-48.http://germanhistorydocs.ghi-dc.org/https://weimarstudies.wordpress.com/ zh_TW
