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題名 民主治理與經濟發展: 蒙古奧尤陶勒蓋及新鐵路計畫政策研析
Democratic Governance and Economic Development: Analysis of the Oyu Tolgoi and New Railway Projects in Mongolia
作者 杜昊
Dugersuren, Orgil
貢獻者 魏玫娟
Wei, Mei-Chuan
杜昊
Dugersuren, Orgil
關鍵詞 民主治理
經濟發展
奧尤陶勒蓋
新鐵路計畫
Democratic governance
Economic development
Oyu Tolgoi project
New railway project
日期 2018
上傳時間 24-Jul-2018 11:04:03 (UTC+8)
摘要 自1990年起，蒙古歷經一連串之和平轉移，從原本一黨專制、演進到多黨之代議民主。從那時起，該國就以奉行藉由民主和開放市場經濟走向
政經獨立為圭臬。但是，該政策導向卻是由兩種截然不同之因素所組成。一方面，蒙古被認為是礦產資源豐富的國家，但普通的蒙古公民無法從資源中獲益。另一方面，蒙古議會大興眾多大型採礦和基礎設施項目，這些項目儘管對蒙古經濟和社會發展產生巨大影響，但不幸的是，除了奥尤陶勒盖採礦項目外，迄今沒有一個能成功實施。結果導致人們傾向於將這些項目的失敗歸咎於蒙古為年輕民主國家。因此，本文旨在找出“蒙古民主的進程是否是致使國家經濟發展之大型建設失敗的主因。為了回答研究問題，本文將分析蒙古自然資源和基礎設施部門，並透過了解政治經濟學中自然資源和基礎設施部門管理來對奥尤陶勒盖礦業項目和新鐵路項目作案例的比較分析。
Mongolia has managed to make a comparatively peaceful transition in the years of 1990, from one-party, authoritarian rule to a multiparty, representative democracy. Since that time, the country has been pursuing an independent policy that promotes democracy and open market economy. However, there are two contrasting features while doing so. On one hand, Mongolia is considered to be a rich country in mineral resource, but the ordinary Mongolian citizen cannot get benefit from its resource. On the other hand, numerous of mega mining and infrastructural projects which each and every one of them was supposed to show a huge influence to Mongolian economy and social development had been discussed by the parliament of Mongolia. Unfortunately, none of them got successfully implemented, except Oyu Tolgoi mining project. The consequence of that was, people tend to see Mongolia"s young democracy as a factor in the failure of these projects. Therefore, this thesis aims to find out the answer to the question that “Is democracy in Mongolia the primary factor for the failure of mega projects which are important for the country"s economic development?”. To answer the research question, this thesis will analyze the Mongolian natural resource and infrastructural sector. It focuses on understanding the political economy of the natural resource and infrastructural sector management through an application of comparative case studies: the Oyu Tolgoi mining project and the New Railway Project.
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Barro, R. (1999). Determinants of Democracy. Journal of Political Economy, 158-183.
Bat-Erdene, P. (2015, February 3). Decision on Mongolian Railway to build railway line is still valid. (A. Enkhzul, Interviewer)
Batsaikhan, K.-E. (2013, May 16). Technical assistant signed on new railroad project. Retrieved from news: news.mn
Bayasgalan, N. (2012). Mineral Investment and Decision Making: Basic Decision-Making Theory: A Case Study on the Oyu Tolgoi Mine Project in Mongolia. LAP LAMBERT Academic Publishing.
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Chapman, A. (2012, May 3). Mongolia: Growth, Democracy, and Two Wary Neighbors. (A. Wagner, Interviewer)
Chen, L.-c. (2007). Development first, democracy later? or democracy first, development later? the controversy over development and democracy. New Orleans, LA: Southern Political Science Association.
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描述 碩士
國立政治大學
亞太研究英語碩士學位學程(IMAS)
105926001
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0105926001
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 魏玫娟zh_TW
dc.contributor.advisor Wei, Mei-Chuanen_US
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 杜昊zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) Dugersuren, Orgilen_US
dc.creator (作者) 杜昊zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) Dugersuren, Orgilen_US
dc.date (日期) 2018en_US
dc.date.accessioned 24-Jul-2018 11:04:03 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 24-Jul-2018 11:04:03 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 24-Jul-2018 11:04:03 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0105926001en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/118843-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 亞太研究英語碩士學位學程(IMAS)zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 105926001zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 自1990年起，蒙古歷經一連串之和平轉移，從原本一黨專制、演進到多黨之代議民主。從那時起，該國就以奉行藉由民主和開放市場經濟走向
政經獨立為圭臬。但是，該政策導向卻是由兩種截然不同之因素所組成。一方面，蒙古被認為是礦產資源豐富的國家，但普通的蒙古公民無法從資源中獲益。另一方面，蒙古議會大興眾多大型採礦和基礎設施項目，這些項目儘管對蒙古經濟和社會發展產生巨大影響，但不幸的是，除了奥尤陶勒盖採礦項目外，迄今沒有一個能成功實施。結果導致人們傾向於將這些項目的失敗歸咎於蒙古為年輕民主國家。因此，本文旨在找出“蒙古民主的進程是否是致使國家經濟發展之大型建設失敗的主因。為了回答研究問題，本文將分析蒙古自然資源和基礎設施部門，並透過了解政治經濟學中自然資源和基礎設施部門管理來對奥尤陶勒盖礦業項目和新鐵路項目作案例的比較分析。		zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) Mongolia has managed to make a comparatively peaceful transition in the years of 1990, from one-party, authoritarian rule to a multiparty, representative democracy. Since that time, the country has been pursuing an independent policy that promotes democracy and open market economy. However, there are two contrasting features while doing so. On one hand, Mongolia is considered to be a rich country in mineral resource, but the ordinary Mongolian citizen cannot get benefit from its resource. On the other hand, numerous of mega mining and infrastructural projects which each and every one of them was supposed to show a huge influence to Mongolian economy and social development had been discussed by the parliament of Mongolia. Unfortunately, none of them got successfully implemented, except Oyu Tolgoi mining project. The consequence of that was, people tend to see Mongolia"s young democracy as a factor in the failure of these projects. Therefore, this thesis aims to find out the answer to the question that “Is democracy in Mongolia the primary factor for the failure of mega projects which are important for the country"s economic development?”. To answer the research question, this thesis will analyze the Mongolian natural resource and infrastructural sector. It focuses on understanding the political economy of the natural resource and infrastructural sector management through an application of comparative case studies: the Oyu Tolgoi mining project and the New Railway Project.en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents TABLE OF CONTENTS


Chapter 1. Introduction…………………………8
1.1 Research Background and Motivation ……………………………8
1.2 Research Purpose and Research Question……………………16
1.3 Research Method ……………………16
1.4 Chapters Structure ………………17

Chapter 2. Literature Review …………………18
2.1 Democracy Matters for Economic Development ………………18
2.2 Authoritarianism, Developmental State Theory and Economic Development………………21
2.3 Quality of Governance and Economic Development …………24

Chapter 3. Oyu Tolgoi Mining Project: A Story of Success…26
3.1 Brief Introduction of the Project: The Background and Importance………27
3.2 Factors Contributing to the Success of the Project ……………………37
3.2.1 National Consensus and the Coalition Government………40
3.2.2 Mongolia"s Third Neighbor Policy …………………42
3.2.3 Political Promises …………………43
3.2.4 Financial Crisis ……………………45
3.3 Chapter Conclusion ……………………45

Chapter 4. New Railway Project: A Story of Failure……………48
4.1 Brief Introduction of the Project: The Background and Importance ……………49
4.2 Analysis on How Factors Contributing to the Success of Oyu Tolgoi Project worked in the New Railway Project…………59
4.2.1 National Consensus and the Coalition Government………60
4.2.2 Mongolia"s Third Neighbor Policy ……………………………………………62
4.2.3 Political Promises ………………………64
4.2.4 Financial Crisis ……………………………65
4.3 Chapter Conclusion …………………………66

Chapter 5. Conclusion …………………………69

References ……………74		zh_TW
dc.format.extent 1130104 bytes-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0105926001en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 民主治理zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 經濟發展zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 奧尤陶勒蓋zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 新鐵路計畫zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Democratic governanceen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Economic developmenten_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Oyu Tolgoi projecten_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) New railway projecten_US
dc.title (題名) 民主治理與經濟發展: 蒙古奧尤陶勒蓋及新鐵路計畫政策研析zh_TW
dc.title (題名) Democratic Governance and Economic Development: Analysis of the Oyu Tolgoi and New Railway Projects in Mongoliaen_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen_US
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Amsden, A. (1989). Asia"s Next Giant: South Korea and Late Industrialization. New York, Oxford: Oxford Unviersity Press.
Arsenault, P. (2008, December 9). Academia. Retrieved from https://www.academia.edu/239800/China_and_the_Authoritarian_Model_The_Relationship_Between_Economic_Growth_and_Economic_Freedom
Azarian, R. (2011). Potentials and Limitations of Commparative Method in Social Science. International Journal of Humanities and Social Scienc, 113-125.
Baabar. (2008, September 17). Oyu Tolgoi. Retrieved from Best Bloggers Club: baabar.mn
Baabar. (2009, July 19). Oyu Tolgoi sold for it"s "real owner". Retrieved from Best publicists" club: baabar.mn
Baabar. (2018, May 23). Idiots never realize that they are being scoffed and laughed at. Retrieved from Government News Magazine: zgm.mn
Bank, A. D. (2014). Managing for Development Results, Rail Infrastructure Tariffs: Enabling Private Sector Development in Mongolia"s Railway Sector. Metro Manila: Asian Development Bank.
Bank, A. D. (2017). Asian Development Outlook 2017: Transcending the Middle-Income Challenge. Mandaluyong City, Metro Manila: Asian Development Bank.
Bank, T. W. (1993). The East Asian Miracle: Econommic Growth and Public Policy. Oxford University Press.
Bank, W. (2002). Good Governance and its Benefits on Economic Development: An Overview of Current Trends. World Bank Institute.
Bank, W. (2009). Southern Mongolia Infrastructure Strategy. Washington D.C.: World Bank.
Barma, N. H., Kaiser, K., Le, T. M., & Vinuela, L. (2012). Rents to Riches: The Political Economuc of Natural Resource-led Development. Washington D.C.: The World Bank.
Barro, R. (1999). Determinants of Democracy. Journal of Political Economy, 158-183.
Bat-Erdene, P. (2015, February 3). Decision on Mongolian Railway to build railway line is still valid. (A. Enkhzul, Interviewer)
Batsaikhan, K.-E. (2013, May 16). Technical assistant signed on new railroad project. Retrieved from news: news.mn
Bayasgalan, N. (2012). Mineral Investment and Decision Making: Basic Decision-Making Theory: A Case Study on the Oyu Tolgoi Mine Project in Mongolia. LAP LAMBERT Academic Publishing.
Boldsukh, C. (2018, April 5). Why Oyu Tolgoi deal is not one-sided . Retrieved from UB Post: theubpost.mn
Cap, A. (2016, February 13). Challenges facing newly founded democracies. Retrieved from adamcap.com
Chapman, A. (2012, May 3). Mongolia: Growth, Democracy, and Two Wary Neighbors. (A. Wagner, Interviewer)
Chen, L.-c. (2007). Development first, democracy later? or democracy first, development later? the controversy over development and democracy. New Orleans, LA: Southern Political Science Association.
Chintushig, B. (2017, September 15). Is it beneficial to export coal through Vostochny Port in Russia? Retrieved from UB post: pressreader.com
Chultem, N. (2014). The Resource Curse in Mongolia: Mineral Wealth, Institutional Quality, and Economic Performance. Monterey, California: Naval Postgraduate School.
Chuluuntseren, O. (2016). Mongolia"s Mineral Future and Development. Ulaanbaatar: Ministry of Mining of Mongolia.
Coase, R. (2000). The New Institutional Economics. In C. Menard, Institutions, contracts and organizations: perspectives from new institutional economics. Edward Elgar Publishing.
Cousyn, N. (2012, Novermber 26). OT Debate in Parliament, who won? Maybe nobody. Retrieved from bdsec: bdsec.mn
Dalaibuyan, B. (2016, April 4). The story of the discovery of Oyu Tolgoi. Retrieved from blogs.ubd.ca: http://blogs.ubc.ca/mongolia/2016/oyu-tolgoi-discovery/
Dambadarjaa, J. (2009, July 8). Two Ddistinct news on Oyu Tolgoi project. Retrieved from Jargal DeFacto: jargaldefacto.com
Dashzeweg, G. (2014, June 26). Railway without industry. Retrieved from Sudlaach Ganaa: ganaa.mn
Deyo, F. C. (1987). The Political Economy of the New Asian Industrialism. Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press.
Dondog, G. (2013). Memoir. Ulaanbaatar.
Economy, J. o. (2014). Mega projects in Mongolia. Journal of Mongolian Economy.
Feng, Y. (1997). Democracy, Political Stability and Economic Growth. British Journal in Political Science, 391-418.
Ferris, R. (2017, June 12). Why voters might be choosing dominant, authoritarian leaders around the world. Retrieved from CNBC: cnbc.com
Fish, S. (1998). Mongolia: Democracy without Prerequisites. Journal of Democracy, 127-141.
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dc.identifier.doi (DOI) 10.6814/THE.NCCU.IMAS.004.2018.A07-