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題名 導向技術改變的三個議題
Three essays on directed technical change
作者 黃偉奇
Huang, Wei-Chi
貢獻者 賴景昌
Lai, Ching-Chong
黃偉奇
Huang, Wei-Chi
關鍵詞 R&D
技能偏向的技術改變
工資不均度
R&D
Skill-biased technical change
Wage inequality
日期 2018
上傳時間 10-Aug-2018 10:51:12 (UTC+8)
摘要 由於近期有關工資不均度的研究在文獻上引發熱烈的討論，本論文有系統的利用導向的技術改變模型(directed technical change)為基礎，試圖檢視影響經濟體系工資不均度變化的原因。在第二章，基於既有文獻鮮少考量貨幣政策對於工資不均度的影響，因此我們將兩部門R&D投資需要現金付現的特色引入導向的技術改變模型，並發現寬鬆的貨幣政策將降低經濟成長率並有助於改善工資不均度。第三章我們則是建立一個具有工會特色的導向的技術改變模型，我們發現工會談判力提高對於工資不均度的影響取決於兩個部分。首先，是工會的型態為就業面向(employment-oriented)或工資面向(wage-oriented)。其次，若工會談判力提高使得經濟體系發生技能偏向的技術改變(skill-biased technical change)，此時須視技能偏向的技術改變效果與相對勞動供給的效果相對大小而定。第四章我們則是建立一個兩國的導向的技術改變模型，其中一國為已開發國家，一國為開發中國家。為了能捕捉實證發現近年來開發中國家與已開發國家工資不均度均惡化的狀況，我們試圖從開發中國家的智慧財產權保護政策的角度出發，並發現開發中國家的智慧財產權保護政策有可能導致經濟體系發生技能偏向的技術改變，進而造成兩國的工資不均度皆惡化。
This dissertation constructs three distinct models of directed technical change and uses them to examine the possible factors that are able to govern economic growth and wage inequality. Chapter 2 sets up a directed technical change featuring cash-in-advance constraints on innovative investment in both R&D sectors and shows that monetary expansion would depress economic growth and lower wage inequality. Chapter 3 builds up a directed technical change model featuring trade union and examines how unionization affects wage inequality. It is found that the effect of unionization on wage inequality crucially depend on two factors. The first is whether the type of union is employment-oriented or wage-oriented. The second is whether the strength of skill-biased technical change exceeds or falls short of the of the relative labor supply effect if skill-biased technical change is present. Chapter 4 constructs a two-country directed change model featuring imitation in the developing country. It is found that a decline in the imitation rate in the developing country may lead to the emergence of skill-biased technical change in the developed country, and this tends to increase both country’s wage inequality.
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描述 博士
國立政治大學
經濟學系
99258506
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0992585061
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 賴景昌zh_TW
dc.contributor.advisor Lai, Ching-Chongen_US
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 黃偉奇zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) Huang, Wei-Chien_US
dc.creator (作者) 黃偉奇zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) Huang, Wei-Chien_US
dc.date (日期) 2018en_US
dc.date.accessioned 10-Aug-2018 10:51:12 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 10-Aug-2018 10:51:12 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 10-Aug-2018 10:51:12 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0992585061en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/119307-
dc.description (描述) 博士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 經濟學系zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 99258506zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 由於近期有關工資不均度的研究在文獻上引發熱烈的討論，本論文有系統的利用導向的技術改變模型(directed technical change)為基礎，試圖檢視影響經濟體系工資不均度變化的原因。在第二章，基於既有文獻鮮少考量貨幣政策對於工資不均度的影響，因此我們將兩部門R&D投資需要現金付現的特色引入導向的技術改變模型，並發現寬鬆的貨幣政策將降低經濟成長率並有助於改善工資不均度。第三章我們則是建立一個具有工會特色的導向的技術改變模型，我們發現工會談判力提高對於工資不均度的影響取決於兩個部分。首先，是工會的型態為就業面向(employment-oriented)或工資面向(wage-oriented)。其次，若工會談判力提高使得經濟體系發生技能偏向的技術改變(skill-biased technical change)，此時須視技能偏向的技術改變效果與相對勞動供給的效果相對大小而定。第四章我們則是建立一個兩國的導向的技術改變模型，其中一國為已開發國家，一國為開發中國家。為了能捕捉實證發現近年來開發中國家與已開發國家工資不均度均惡化的狀況，我們試圖從開發中國家的智慧財產權保護政策的角度出發，並發現開發中國家的智慧財產權保護政策有可能導致經濟體系發生技能偏向的技術改變，進而造成兩國的工資不均度皆惡化。zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) This dissertation constructs three distinct models of directed technical change and uses them to examine the possible factors that are able to govern economic growth and wage inequality. Chapter 2 sets up a directed technical change featuring cash-in-advance constraints on innovative investment in both R&D sectors and shows that monetary expansion would depress economic growth and lower wage inequality. Chapter 3 builds up a directed technical change model featuring trade union and examines how unionization affects wage inequality. It is found that the effect of unionization on wage inequality crucially depend on two factors. The first is whether the type of union is employment-oriented or wage-oriented. The second is whether the strength of skill-biased technical change exceeds or falls short of the of the relative labor supply effect if skill-biased technical change is present. Chapter 4 constructs a two-country directed change model featuring imitation in the developing country. It is found that a decline in the imitation rate in the developing country may lead to the emergence of skill-biased technical change in the developed country, and this tends to increase both country’s wage inequality.en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents 目錄
第一章 前言…………………………………………………………1
第二章 貨幣政策、工資不均度、與經濟成長：導向的技術變動模型……6
第一節 緒論……………………………………………………………6
第二節 理論模型……………………………………………………9
2.1貨幣與兩部門R&D投資模型…………………………10
2.2家計單位的最適決策………………………………………11
2.3 廠商的最適決策……………………………………………14
2.3.1 最終財廠商………………………………………………15
2.3.2 中間財廠商………………………………………………18
2.3.3 研發（R&D）廠商…………………………………21
2.4 政府預算限制式……………………………………………25
第三節 總體均衡……………………………………………………26
3.1 勞動市場均衡條件………………………………………26
3.2 借貸市場均衡條件………………………………………26
3.3 資源限制式……………………………………………………27
第四節 靜止均衡解………………………………………………28
4.1 靜止均衡特性………………………………………………28
4.2 靜止均衡的高技術勞動配置……………………30
4.3 靜止均衡的相對最終財價格與相對研發數量…………32
4.4 靜止均衡的相對工資水準…………………………36
4.5 靜止均衡的經濟成長率及通貨膨脹率………………………37
第五節 結論……………………………………………………………38
第三章 工會談判、工資不均度與導向的技術變動…………40
第一節 緒論…………………………………………………………40
第二節 理論模型…………………………………………………43
2.1 最終財廠商…………………………………………………43
2.2 高（低）技術最終財………………………………45
2.3 中間財廠商…………………………………………………51
2.4 研發（R&D）廠商……………………………………55
2.5 家計單位……………………………………………………57
2.6 政府預算限制式………………………………………59
第三節 競爭均衡………………………………………………60
3.1 勞動市場均衡條件…………………………………60
3.2 資源限制式………………………………………………60
第四節 靜止均衡解…………………………………………61
4.1 均衡就業……………………………………………………61
4.2 相對研發數量…………………………………………63
4.3 工資不均度………………………………………………64
4.4 勞動所得份額…………………………………………68
4.5 成長率………………………………………………………70
第五節 結論………………………………………………………71
第四章 智慧財產權保護、模仿與工資不均度：導向的技術變動模型……74
第一節 緒論………………………………………………………74
第二節 理論模型……………………………………………79
2.1 最終財廠商……………………………………………79
2.2 高(低)技術密集財廠商………………………80
2.3 中間投入廠商…………………………………………82
2.4 技術外生下的均衡…………………………………84
2.5 研發與模仿………………………………………………86
2.6 家計單位…………………………………………………88
2.7 總體均衡…………………………………………………89
2.8靜止均衡解………………………………………………90
第三節 導向的技術改變與工資不均度……………94
3.1 相對技術水準…………………………………………………94
3.2 工資不均度………………………………………………………98
3.3 兩國工資差距…………………………………………………102
第四節 結論……………………………………………………………103
第五章 總結……………………………………………………………120		zh_TW
dc.format.extent 2700693 bytes-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0992585061en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) R&Dzh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 技能偏向的技術改變zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 工資不均度zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) R&Den_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Skill-biased technical changeen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Wage inequalityen_US
dc.title (題名) 導向技術改變的三個議題zh_TW
dc.title (題名) Three essays on directed technical changeen_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen_US
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dc.identifier.doi (DOI) 10.6814/DIS.NCCU.ECONO.016.2018.F06-