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題名 東南亞「一帶一路」新聞中的政經框架分析研究―以菲律賓、馬來西亞與新加坡為例
A political economy framing analysis of China’s Belt and Road Initiative in Southeastern Asia press – A comparative study on the Republic of Philippines, Malaysia and the Republic of Singapore作者 關信恆
Kwan, Shin-Han貢獻者 陳憶寧
Chen, Yi-Ning
關信恆
Kwan, Shin-Han關鍵詞 一帶一路
中國
南海
框架分析
馬來西亞
菲律賓
新加坡
Belt and Road Initiative
China
South China Sea
Framing analysis
Malaysia
the Philippines
Singapore日期 2019 上傳時間 1-Apr-2019 15:14:03 (UTC+8) 摘要 2013年由中國國家領導人習近平提出的一帶一路計畫對外聲稱共創雙贏，尋求國際政治與經濟合作，也提升周邊國家基礎建設水平。作者選擇海上絲綢之路上的菲律賓、馬來西亞與新加坡為分析對象。經濟面上三國最大的貿易夥伴皆為中國，在南海爭議上則有與中國不同程度的主權爭議。研究關注東南亞國家在追求經濟發展的同時，與中國在南海上的主權爭議將如何影響媒體報導。研究者針對三國共七家媒體的九百四十九篇的一帶一路新聞，藉內容與框架分析法找出一帶一路報導與評論的時間分布、主題、出處、消息來源與框架分布，也進一步探討這類變數與經濟、政治和媒體所有權因素與報導框架的關係。研究發現經濟誘因在三國皆為主要框架，然而在馬來西亞，媒體立場與所有權充分影響一帶一路報導，政治人物也針對一帶一路是否益於當地相互攻擊。菲律賓尋求一帶一路帶來的經濟效益，但中國在南海的活動被視為威脅其主權。如此也反映其較高的經濟擔憂、政治威脅、政治穩定框架比例。新加坡政府持有的海峽時報具的一帶一路報導數量居冠，並常使用正反並陳框架表現一帶一路的優缺。在關注他國的反應同時，其官員與學者也積極尋找新加坡在一帶一路的利基和可能面臨的問題。
The Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), first proposed by Chinese leader Xi Jinping in 2013, is a cross-national investment plan claiming to work towards win-win scenario by raising infrastructure standard and seeking political and economic cooperation with neighboring countries. The author chooses the Republic of Philippines, Malaysia and the Republic of Singapore, which are all on the Maritime Silk Road and have China as their top trading partner, to see how their media respond to the project when economic development is sought while having different levels of sovereignty issue with China in the South China Sea. Nine hundred and forty-nine articles are collected from 7 media of the three countries after systematic sampling to find the quality, topic, tendency, news origin, news source and frames of BRI media content. The research finds that economic incentive remains the most used frame for all three countries. However, in Malaysia, standpoint and ownership of media have a huge influence on the reporting of BRI. Whether BRI can benefit locals becomes the center of debate for politicians. In the Philippines, BRI is regarded as a great opportunity to develop its country, however, China’s activities in SCS is seen as a political threat that harms national interests. This leads to higher economic concern, political threat and political stability frame. The Straits Times, owned by Singapore government, has the most BRI articles and more often uses non-prominent frame to show the multiple aspects of BRI. It not only keeps track of how other countries respond to BRI but also serves as a platform for officials and scholars to find niche and identify problems of BRI.參考文獻 English LiteratureAbi-Habib, M. (2018, June 26). Behind on payments to China, Sri Lanka coughed up territory instead. The Straits Times. 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國立政治大學
傳播學院傳播碩士學位學程
104464013資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G1044640131 資料類型 thesis dc.contributor.advisor 陳憶寧 zh_TW dc.contributor.advisor Chen, Yi-Ning en_US dc.contributor.author (Authors) 關信恆 zh_TW dc.contributor.author (Authors) Kwan, Shin-Han en_US dc.creator (作者) 關信恆 zh_TW dc.creator (作者) Kwan, Shin-Han en_US dc.date (日期) 2019 en_US dc.date.accessioned 1-Apr-2019 15:14:03 (UTC+8) - dc.date.available 1-Apr-2019 15:14:03 (UTC+8) - dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 1-Apr-2019 15:14:03 (UTC+8) - dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G1044640131 en_US dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/122822 - dc.description (描述) 碩士 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 傳播學院傳播碩士學位學程 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 104464013 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) 2013年由中國國家領導人習近平提出的一帶一路計畫對外聲稱共創雙贏，尋求國際政治與經濟合作，也提升周邊國家基礎建設水平。作者選擇海上絲綢之路上的菲律賓、馬來西亞與新加坡為分析對象。經濟面上三國最大的貿易夥伴皆為中國，在南海爭議上則有與中國不同程度的主權爭議。研究關注東南亞國家在追求經濟發展的同時，與中國在南海上的主權爭議將如何影響媒體報導。研究者針對三國共七家媒體的九百四十九篇的一帶一路新聞，藉內容與框架分析法找出一帶一路報導與評論的時間分布、主題、出處、消息來源與框架分布，也進一步探討這類變數與經濟、政治和媒體所有權因素與報導框架的關係。研究發現經濟誘因在三國皆為主要框架，然而在馬來西亞，媒體立場與所有權充分影響一帶一路報導，政治人物也針對一帶一路是否益於當地相互攻擊。菲律賓尋求一帶一路帶來的經濟效益，但中國在南海的活動被視為威脅其主權。如此也反映其較高的經濟擔憂、政治威脅、政治穩定框架比例。新加坡政府持有的海峽時報具的一帶一路報導數量居冠，並常使用正反並陳框架表現一帶一路的優缺。在關注他國的反應同時，其官員與學者也積極尋找新加坡在一帶一路的利基和可能面臨的問題。 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) The Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), first proposed by Chinese leader Xi Jinping in 2013, is a cross-national investment plan claiming to work towards win-win scenario by raising infrastructure standard and seeking political and economic cooperation with neighboring countries. The author chooses the Republic of Philippines, Malaysia and the Republic of Singapore, which are all on the Maritime Silk Road and have China as their top trading partner, to see how their media respond to the project when economic development is sought while having different levels of sovereignty issue with China in the South China Sea. Nine hundred and forty-nine articles are collected from 7 media of the three countries after systematic sampling to find the quality, topic, tendency, news origin, news source and frames of BRI media content. The research finds that economic incentive remains the most used frame for all three countries. However, in Malaysia, standpoint and ownership of media have a huge influence on the reporting of BRI. Whether BRI can benefit locals becomes the center of debate for politicians. In the Philippines, BRI is regarded as a great opportunity to develop its country, however, China’s activities in SCS is seen as a political threat that harms national interests. This leads to higher economic concern, political threat and political stability frame. The Straits Times, owned by Singapore government, has the most BRI articles and more often uses non-prominent frame to show the multiple aspects of BRI. It not only keeps track of how other countries respond to BRI but also serves as a platform for officials and scholars to find niche and identify problems of BRI. en_US dc.description.tableofcontents ABSTRACT iABSTRACT IN CHINESE iiiLIST OF TABLES xiLIST OF FIGURES xivLIST OF ABBREVIATIONS xvCHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION 11.1 BACKGROUND STUDY AND RESEARCH MOTIVATION 11.2 CASE SELECTION: PHILIPPINE, MALAYSIAN AND SINGAPOREAN PRESSES 41.3 PROBLEM STATEMENT 7CHAPTER 2. LITERATURE REVIEW 112.1 ECONOMY BACKGROUND OF THE THREE COUNTRIES AND THEIR ROLES IN BRI 112.1.1 The Republic of Philippines 132.1.2 Malaysia 142.1.3 The Republic of Singapore 152.2 FORMER BELT AND ROAD INITIATIVE MEDIA STUDIES152.3 FRAMING THEORY 212.3.1 Overview 212.3.2 Economy related frame 232.3.3 Politics related frame 232.4 SOUTH CHINA SEA ISSUE 242.4.1 The Republic of Philippines’ Claim 252.4.2 Malaysia’s Claim 272.4.3 The Republic of Singapore’s Claim 282.5 MEDIA OWNERSHIP AND THEIR STANDPOINTS 292.5.1 The Republic of Philippines 292.5.2 Malaysia 312.5.3 The Republic of Singapore 332.6 RESEARCH QUESTIONS 36CHAPTER 3. RESEARCH METHODS 393.1 OVERVIEW 393.2 ANALYSIS OBJECT AND TIME FRAME 393.3 SAMPLING 413.4 CONSTRUCTION OF CATEGORY 413.4.1 Topic 413.4.2 Tendency 423.4.3 News origin 433.4.4 News source 433.4.5 Measurement of frame 443.5 RELIABILITY TEST 45CHAPTER 4. RESULTS 474.1 QUANTITY AND TREND 474.1.1 Malaysia 474.1.2 Republic of Philippines 494.1.3 Republic of Singapore 504.2 NEWS ORIGINS 504.2.1 Malaysia 504.2.2 Republic of Philippines 524.2.3 Republic of Singapore 534.3 TOPICS 544.3.1 Malaysia 544.3.2 Republic of Philippines 584.3.3 Republic of Singapore 614.4 TENDENCY 644.4.1 Malaysia 644.4.2 Republic of Philippines 664.4.3 Republic of Singapore 684.5 FRAMES 684.5.1 Economic Incentive Frame 694.5.2 Economic Concern Frame 764.5.3 Political Threat Frame 894.5.4 Political Stability Frame 994.5.5 Distribution of Total Frames and the Most Prominent Frame 1054.6 NEWS SOURCES 1124.6.1 Malaysia 1124.6.2 Republic of Philippines 1144.6.3 Republic of Singapore 1164.7 HOW BRI FRAMES CHANGE WITH TIME 1184.7.1 Malaysia 1184.7.2 Republic of Philippines 1204.7.3 Republic of Singapore 1224.8 HOW BRI FRAMES CHANGE WITH DIFFERENT NEWS ORIGINS 1234.8.1 Malaysia 1234.8.2 Republic of Philippines 1244.8.3 Republic of Singapore 1244.9 HOW BRI FRAMES CHANGE WITH DIFFERENT SOURCES 1254.9.1 Malaysia 1254.9.2 Republic of Philippines 1254.9.3 Republic of Singapore 1264.10 HOW BRI FRAMES CHANGE WITH DIFFERENT MEDIA 1264.10.1 Malaysia 1264.10.2 Republic of Philippines 1274.10.3 Republic of Singapore 128CHAPTER 5. DISCUSSION & INTERPRETATION 1295.1 SUMMARY OF RESEARCH FINDINGS 1295.2 CHARACTERISTICS OF BRI REPORTS IN EACH COUNTRY 1375.2.1 Malaysia: Chinese investments in the center of debate between political parties. More support from more commercialized media 1375.2.2 The Philippines: As Duterte administration welcomes Chinese investments, sovereignty concerns never cease in media 1395.2.3 Singapore: Active, informative press help Singapore find niche and reposition itself amid political and economic concerns remain 1405.2.4 BRI Media Content in Asean 142CHAPTER 6. CONCLUSION 143REFERENCES 145APPENDIX 179A. BRI CODING INSTRUCTION 179B. BRI CODING SHEET - Origin 184C. BRI CODING SHEET – Topic and tendency 185D. BRI CODING SHEET – Frame 186E. BRI CODING SHEET – Source 187F. Table 4-32 Cross analysis of BRI news frames and news origins for Malaysia. 188G. Table 4-33 Cross analysis of BRI news frames and news origins for the Philippines 189H. Table 4-34 Cross analysis of BRI news frames and news origins for Singapore 190I. Table 4-35 Cross analysis of BRI news frames and source figures by types in Malaysian press 191J. Table 4-36 Cross analysis of BRI news frames and source figures by types in Philippine press 192K. Table 4-37 Cross analysis of BRI news frames and source figures by types in Singaporean press 193L. Table 4-38 Distribution of the most prominent meta-frame among Malaysian media 194M. Table 4-39 Competition of frames in Malaysian media. 1: Economic incentive; 2: Economic concern; 3: Political stability; 4: Political threat 195N. Table 4-40 Distribution of the most prominent meta-frame in Philippine media 196O. Table 4-41 Competition of frames in Philippine media. 1: Economic incentive; 2: Economic concern; 3: Political stability; 4: Political threat. 197P. Table 4-42 Distribution of the most prominent meta-frame in the Straits Times of Singapore 198Q. Table 4-43 Competition of frames in the Straits Times of Singapore. 1: Economic incentive; 2: Economic concern; 3: Political stability; 4: Political threat 199 zh_TW dc.format.extent 3002433 bytes - dc.format.mimetype application/pdf - dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G1044640131 en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) 一帶一路 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 中國 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 南海 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 框架分析 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 馬來西亞 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 菲律賓 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 新加坡 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) Belt and Road Initiative en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) China en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) South China Sea en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Framing analysis en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Malaysia en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) the Philippines en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Singapore en_US dc.title (題名) 東南亞「一帶一路」新聞中的政經框架分析研究―以菲律賓、馬來西亞與新加坡為例 zh_TW dc.title (題名) A political economy framing analysis of China’s Belt and Road Initiative in Southeastern Asia press – A comparative study on the Republic of Philippines, Malaysia and the Republic of Singapore en_US dc.type (資料類型) thesis en_US dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) English LiteratureAbi-Habib, M. 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