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題名 論閉環供應鏈權利人售後市場控制之研究
A study of the right holders control in the closed loop supply chain作者 柯至恩
Ko, Chih-En貢獻者 馮震宇
Jerry G. Fong
柯至恩
Ko, Chih-En關鍵詞 閉環供應鏈
售後市場
修理權
專利耗盡
Closed-loop Supply Chain
Aftermarket
Repair Act
Patent Exhaustion日期 2019 上傳時間 2-Mar-2020 11:35:14 (UTC+8) 摘要 閉環供應鏈係2004年左右被提出的一個供應鏈概念，不同於傳統供應鏈的從製造到銷售的正向物流，閉環供應鏈尚且結合了一個逆向物流，即回收、再製造與再處理、並再次售出到售後市場。觀察閉環供應鏈中售後市場之狀況，一般可分為獨立之第三方再製造商之再處理或由授權代工製造之廠商進行回收再處理，在售後市場中兩者呈現對立競爭之關係。閉環供應鏈中原製造商長期透過專利訴訟以企圖在售後市場取得優勢，本文透過回顧美國法院有關閉環供應鏈售後市場涉及專利之實務判決，可發現因為專利耗盡原則抗辯之存在，使得原製造商及授權代工之再處理商在在售後市場之競爭力逐漸削弱。2017年美國最高法院判決之Impression Products, Inc. v. Lexmark Intern., Inc.案更是對售後市場產生劇烈影響，使得原製造商無法再透過售後限制及地區限制之方式限制專利權之耗盡而控制售後市場。本文藉由判決個案分析閉環供應鏈之原製造商及獨立第三方再處理商在售後市場之過去於售後市場之專利侵權判決，並分析Impression Products, Inc. v. Lexmark Intern., Inc.案對售後市場之影響，此外並一併探討有關閉環供應鏈中設計專利、著作權法及營業秘密法之問題，並兼論修理權發展與再製造過程豁免科技保護措施破壞之議題，並提出未來再處理商與獨立第三方再製造商在售後市場中因應判決立場改變及其他智慧財產權發展因應之可行建議。
The closed-loop supply chain is a concept which has been proposed in 2004. Different from the traditional supply chain of the positive logistic, a closed-loop supply chain includes a reverse logistic, which is recycling, remanufacturing, reprocessing, and reselling to the aftermarket. Observing the aftermarket in closed-loop supply chain, it is supported by independent third-party remanufacture and authorized original equipment manufacturer, and these two parties would compete with each other.In the closed-loop supply chain, taking a patent legal action against the third party over the patent issue takes the manufacturer and the original equipment manufacturer a very good advantage. Based on the study of patent cases about the closed-loop supply chain and, we can conclude that the manufacturer and the original equipment manufacturer seem to weaken their competitiveness in the aftermarket. In 2017, Impression Products, Inc. v. Lexmark Intern., Inc. is a decision made by the Supreme Court of the United States, which causes a severe impact in the aftermarket that the manufacturer cannot rely on the post-sale restriction to prevent the patent exhaustion.The main purpose of this article is to advise the member in the aftermarket of the closed-loop supply chain by analyzing the patent exhaustion issue about manufacturer and independent third party manufacturer in the closed loops supply chain and also study on the related intellectual property, including the copyright, technological protection measure and right to repair act in the US.參考文獻 中文部分書籍王玉燕，2010，閉環供應鏈的協調激勵機制研究，中國大陸：中國財政經濟出版社。何應欽，2013，供應鏈設計與管理，台北：華泰文化。陳兵兵，2007，SCM供應鏈管理─策略、技術與實務，台北：五南出版社。張有恆，2014，現代物流管理：物流與供應鏈整合，台北：華泰文化事業股份有限公司。遲嘯川、趙錫如，2001，辭海，台北：華文網股份有限公司。劉國讚，2014年，專利法理論與實用(三版)，台北：元照出版社。期刊論文沈宗倫，2007年，由對價平衡觀點論智慧財產耗盡原則之適用─以平行輸入為中心，國立中正大學集刊，23期，頁24。吳佳穎，2006年，從美國種子專利侵權判決看其專利權利耗盡原則的適用，智慧財產月刊，92期，頁109。胡心蘭，權利耗盡不耗盡─簡析數位著作次級市場之建構，智慧財產權月刊， 209期，頁57范曉玲，2008年，專利權耗盡：談美國聯邦最高法院Quanta Computer, Inc. v. 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Kuther, 377 U.S.422,424(1964) 描述 碩士
國立政治大學
科技管理與智慧財產研究所
104364209資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0104364209 資料類型 thesis dc.contributor.advisor 馮震宇 zh_TW dc.contributor.advisor Jerry G. Fong en_US dc.contributor.author (Authors) 柯至恩 zh_TW dc.contributor.author (Authors) Ko, Chih-En en_US dc.creator (作者) 柯至恩 zh_TW dc.creator (作者) Ko, Chih-En en_US dc.date (日期) 2019 en_US dc.date.accessioned 2-Mar-2020 11:35:14 (UTC+8) - dc.date.available 2-Mar-2020 11:35:14 (UTC+8) - dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 2-Mar-2020 11:35:14 (UTC+8) - dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0104364209 en_US dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/128977 - dc.description (描述) 碩士 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 科技管理與智慧財產研究所 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 104364209 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) 閉環供應鏈係2004年左右被提出的一個供應鏈概念，不同於傳統供應鏈的從製造到銷售的正向物流，閉環供應鏈尚且結合了一個逆向物流，即回收、再製造與再處理、並再次售出到售後市場。觀察閉環供應鏈中售後市場之狀況，一般可分為獨立之第三方再製造商之再處理或由授權代工製造之廠商進行回收再處理，在售後市場中兩者呈現對立競爭之關係。閉環供應鏈中原製造商長期透過專利訴訟以企圖在售後市場取得優勢，本文透過回顧美國法院有關閉環供應鏈售後市場涉及專利之實務判決，可發現因為專利耗盡原則抗辯之存在，使得原製造商及授權代工之再處理商在在售後市場之競爭力逐漸削弱。2017年美國最高法院判決之Impression Products, Inc. v. Lexmark Intern., Inc.案更是對售後市場產生劇烈影響，使得原製造商無法再透過售後限制及地區限制之方式限制專利權之耗盡而控制售後市場。本文藉由判決個案分析閉環供應鏈之原製造商及獨立第三方再處理商在售後市場之過去於售後市場之專利侵權判決，並分析Impression Products, Inc. v. Lexmark Intern., Inc.案對售後市場之影響，此外並一併探討有關閉環供應鏈中設計專利、著作權法及營業秘密法之問題，並兼論修理權發展與再製造過程豁免科技保護措施破壞之議題，並提出未來再處理商與獨立第三方再製造商在售後市場中因應判決立場改變及其他智慧財產權發展因應之可行建議。 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) The closed-loop supply chain is a concept which has been proposed in 2004. Different from the traditional supply chain of the positive logistic, a closed-loop supply chain includes a reverse logistic, which is recycling, remanufacturing, reprocessing, and reselling to the aftermarket. Observing the aftermarket in closed-loop supply chain, it is supported by independent third-party remanufacture and authorized original equipment manufacturer, and these two parties would compete with each other.In the closed-loop supply chain, taking a patent legal action against the third party over the patent issue takes the manufacturer and the original equipment manufacturer a very good advantage. Based on the study of patent cases about the closed-loop supply chain and, we can conclude that the manufacturer and the original equipment manufacturer seem to weaken their competitiveness in the aftermarket. In 2017, Impression Products, Inc. v. Lexmark Intern., Inc. is a decision made by the Supreme Court of the United States, which causes a severe impact in the aftermarket that the manufacturer cannot rely on the post-sale restriction to prevent the patent exhaustion.The main purpose of this article is to advise the member in the aftermarket of the closed-loop supply chain by analyzing the patent exhaustion issue about manufacturer and independent third party manufacturer in the closed loops supply chain and also study on the related intellectual property, including the copyright, technological protection measure and right to repair act in the US. en_US dc.description.tableofcontents 目次第一章、緒論-----6第一節、研究動機與目的----- 6第二節、研究方法-----7第一項 文獻探討法-----7第二項 個案研究法-----8第二章、閉環供應鏈運作與產業發展-----10第一節、供應鏈及供應鏈管理-----10第一項、供應鏈的定義-----11第二項、供應鏈管理的意義-----13第三項、供應鏈管理的困難-----14第二節、閉環供應鏈之概念及相關文獻-----16第一項、閉環供應鏈的概念-----16第二項、閉環供應鏈的相關文獻-----18第三項、閉環供應鏈的循環經濟商業模式-----24第三節、閉環供應鏈現行之產業發展-----27第四節、閉環供應鏈成員之互動-----34第五節、小結-----42第三章、閉環供應鏈之專利侵權風險與專利耗盡原則-----45第一節、閉環供應鏈中的專利侵權風險行為-----46第一項、製造權-----46第三項、販賣 (Selling) 權及提供販賣 (Offering to Sell) 之要約 -----48第二節、專利耗盡原則-----50第一項、專利耗盡原則的意義-----50第二項、默示授權原則-----52第三項、可允許修理及不可允許之再製造-----53第三節、美國法上閉環供應鏈之專利侵權個案-----55第一項、再製造可能構成專利侵權-----55第二項、再處理商所為翻新屬於可允許修理-----56第三項、再處理商對產品進行改造以合於新用途屬於合法的修理-----59第四節、可允許修理理論在其他國家之實踐-----63第一項、英國-----63第二項、德國-----66第三項、我國法院-----70第五節、售後限制與地域限制-----75第四節、小結-----80第四章、Lexmark案後之售後市場-----85第一節、Impression Products, Inc. v. Lexmark Intern., Inc.案 -----85第一項 、案件事實-----85第二項、 法院見解-----85第二節、閉環供應鏈成員對Lexmark案之意見-----89第一項、製造商及代工回收再處理商-----89第一項、第三方再處理商-----92第三節、Lexmark案之影響-----94第一項、Lexmark案對售後市場影響-----95第二項、Lexmark案對其他國家之影響-----98第四節、閉環供應鏈成員對於Lexmark案件之回應-----100第一項、原製造商面臨專利耗盡變化可行之因應-----100第二項、對再處理商的影響-----106第五章、售後市場之其他智慧財產權-----108第一節、設計專利與售後市場-----108第二節、著作權保護與售後市場-----117第三節、營業秘密保護與售後市場-----120第四節、修理權發展與科技保護措施-----124第一項、修理權之發展-----124第二項、著作權法上違反科技保護措施之豁免-----125第三項、修理權法案之新發展與潛在影響-----129第四項、醫療產業修理權之發展-----130第五節、小結-----133第六章、結論與建議-----136第一節、結論-----136第二節、建議-----142參考文獻-----146 zh_TW dc.format.extent 1865122 bytes - dc.format.mimetype application/pdf - dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0104364209 en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) 閉環供應鏈 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 售後市場 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 修理權 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 專利耗盡 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) Closed-loop Supply Chain en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Aftermarket en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Repair Act en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Patent Exhaustion en_US dc.title (題名) 論閉環供應鏈權利人售後市場控制之研究 zh_TW dc.title (題名) A study of the right holders control in the closed loop supply chain en_US dc.type (資料類型) thesis en_US dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 中文部分書籍王玉燕，2010，閉環供應鏈的協調激勵機制研究，中國大陸：中國財政經濟出版社。何應欽，2013，供應鏈設計與管理，台北：華泰文化。陳兵兵，2007，SCM供應鏈管理─策略、技術與實務，台北：五南出版社。張有恆，2014，現代物流管理：物流與供應鏈整合，台北：華泰文化事業股份有限公司。遲嘯川、趙錫如，2001，辭海，台北：華文網股份有限公司。劉國讚，2014年，專利法理論與實用(三版)，台北：元照出版社。期刊論文沈宗倫，2007年，由對價平衡觀點論智慧財產耗盡原則之適用─以平行輸入為中心，國立中正大學集刊，23期，頁24。吳佳穎，2006年，從美國種子專利侵權判決看其專利權利耗盡原則的適用，智慧財產月刊，92期，頁109。胡心蘭，權利耗盡不耗盡─簡析數位著作次級市場之建構，智慧財產權月刊， 209期，頁57范曉玲，2008年，專利權耗盡：談美國聯邦最高法院Quanta Computer, Inc. v. 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