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題名 企業策略、政治關聯與稅務風險
Business Strategy, Corporate Political Connections, and Tax Risk
作者 陳妍君
Chen, Yan-Jyun
貢獻者 何怡澄<br>郭振雄
陳妍君
Chen, Yan-Jyun
關鍵詞 稅務風險
企業策略
政治關聯
Tax risk
Business strategy
Corporate political connections
日期 2020
上傳時間 1-Jul-2020 13:54:59 (UTC+8)
摘要 本篇研究目標為企業策略、政治關聯與稅務風險的關聯性，以 1999 年至 2013 年間臺灣的上市櫃公司為研究對象，參考 Miles and Snow (1978, 2003) 的策略分類法，將企業分為穩健者、分析者及先驅者三種類型，並將政治關聯變數依政治影響力逐漸累加，藉此探討不同政治關聯分類與不同企業策略型態之交互作用對未來稅務風險的影響。

實證結果發現：第一，穩健者型企業與稅務風險不具關聯性；先驅者型企業與稅務風險呈顯著正相關，且其稅務風險程度高於穩健者，代表企業策略形態越接近先驅者（穩健者），其稅務風險程度越高（低）。第二，政治關聯與稅務風險不具關聯性。第三，政治關聯不會降低穩健者的稅務風險，但會降低先驅者的稅務風險，顯示政治關聯可以幫助先驅者型企業在選擇更具風險的避稅策略時，降低租稅法規適用的不確定性及查核方面的稅務風險，因此相較於沒有政治關聯的先驅者型企業，有政治關聯的先驅者型企業其稅務風險較低。第四，工具變數法的實證結果亦顯示，在解決內生性問題後，即使董事政治關聯的定義擴大至涵蓋全部政府職位，企業董事會成員亦會降低先驅者的稅務風險程度，表示建立政治關聯也是一種企業策略，透過選任具政治影響力的人擔任董、監事或獨立董事，可以降低企業的稅務風險。
This paper investigates the relationship between business strategies, corporate political connection, and tax risk, using the listed company in Taiwan from 1999 to 2013. Using Miles and Snow`s (1978, 2003) theoretical business strategy framework, we separate our sample into Defender, Analyzer, and Prospectors strategy types, and gradually accumulates corporate political connection variables according to their political influence. We then examine whether the association between different strategy types and tax risk differ across different corporate political connections.

The empirical results show that: first, the relation between Defenders and tax risks are not significant. On the other hand, Prospectors are positively related to tax risk, suggest that Prospectors not only engage in more tax avoidance but do so in more risky, uncertain ways (Higgins et al., 2015). Second, the relationship between corporate political connections and tax risks are not significant. Third, corporate political connections can reduce the tax risks of Prospectors by bringing lower detection risk and obtaining critical information regarding future changes in tax codes or the strictness of tax enforcement (Dyreng et al., 2019).

The empirical results of the instrumental variable method also show that after solving the endogenous problem, even if the definition of corporate political connections is extended to cover all government positions, the members of the company ’s board of directors still can reduce the tax risk of the Prospectors, indicating that establishing political connections is also a kind of business strategies. By selecting people with political influence as the company ’s board of directors, supervisors, or independent directors, the tax risk of the enterprise can be reduced.
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描述 碩士
國立政治大學
財政學系
106255012
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0106255012
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 何怡澄<br>郭振雄zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 陳妍君zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) Chen, Yan-Jyunen_US
dc.creator (作者) 陳妍君zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) Chen, Yan-Jyunen_US
dc.date (日期) 2020en_US
dc.date.accessioned 1-Jul-2020 13:54:59 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 1-Jul-2020 13:54:59 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 1-Jul-2020 13:54:59 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0106255012en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/130613-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 財政學系zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 106255012zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 本篇研究目標為企業策略、政治關聯與稅務風險的關聯性，以 1999 年至 2013 年間臺灣的上市櫃公司為研究對象，參考 Miles and Snow (1978, 2003) 的策略分類法，將企業分為穩健者、分析者及先驅者三種類型，並將政治關聯變數依政治影響力逐漸累加，藉此探討不同政治關聯分類與不同企業策略型態之交互作用對未來稅務風險的影響。

實證結果發現：第一，穩健者型企業與稅務風險不具關聯性；先驅者型企業與稅務風險呈顯著正相關，且其稅務風險程度高於穩健者，代表企業策略形態越接近先驅者（穩健者），其稅務風險程度越高（低）。第二，政治關聯與稅務風險不具關聯性。第三，政治關聯不會降低穩健者的稅務風險，但會降低先驅者的稅務風險，顯示政治關聯可以幫助先驅者型企業在選擇更具風險的避稅策略時，降低租稅法規適用的不確定性及查核方面的稅務風險，因此相較於沒有政治關聯的先驅者型企業，有政治關聯的先驅者型企業其稅務風險較低。第四，工具變數法的實證結果亦顯示，在解決內生性問題後，即使董事政治關聯的定義擴大至涵蓋全部政府職位，企業董事會成員亦會降低先驅者的稅務風險程度，表示建立政治關聯也是一種企業策略，透過選任具政治影響力的人擔任董、監事或獨立董事，可以降低企業的稅務風險。		zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) This paper investigates the relationship between business strategies, corporate political connection, and tax risk, using the listed company in Taiwan from 1999 to 2013. Using Miles and Snow`s (1978, 2003) theoretical business strategy framework, we separate our sample into Defender, Analyzer, and Prospectors strategy types, and gradually accumulates corporate political connection variables according to their political influence. We then examine whether the association between different strategy types and tax risk differ across different corporate political connections.

The empirical results show that: first, the relation between Defenders and tax risks are not significant. On the other hand, Prospectors are positively related to tax risk, suggest that Prospectors not only engage in more tax avoidance but do so in more risky, uncertain ways (Higgins et al., 2015). Second, the relationship between corporate political connections and tax risks are not significant. Third, corporate political connections can reduce the tax risks of Prospectors by bringing lower detection risk and obtaining critical information regarding future changes in tax codes or the strictness of tax enforcement (Dyreng et al., 2019).

The empirical results of the instrumental variable method also show that after solving the endogenous problem, even if the definition of corporate political connections is extended to cover all government positions, the members of the company ’s board of directors still can reduce the tax risk of the Prospectors, indicating that establishing political connections is also a kind of business strategies. By selecting people with political influence as the company ’s board of directors, supervisors, or independent directors, the tax risk of the enterprise can be reduced.		en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents 第壹章 緒論 1
第一節 研究背景與動機 1
第二節 研究流程 5
第貳章 文獻探討與假說 6
第一節 稅務風險 7
第二節 企業策略 9
第三節 政治關聯 11
第四節 假說建立 14
第參章 研究方法 18
第一節 資料來源與樣本篩選 18
第二節 變數定義 20
第三節 實證模型 29
第肆章 實證結果 32
第一節 樣本敘述統計 32
第二節 實證結果 38
第三節 敏感性分析 47
第伍章 結論與研究限制 70
第一節 結論 70
第二節 研究限制 71
參考文獻 72
附錄 77		zh_TW
dc.format.extent 7564728 bytes-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0106255012en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 稅務風險zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 企業策略zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 政治關聯zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Tax risken_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Business strategyen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Corporate political connectionsen_US
dc.title (題名) 企業策略、政治關聯與稅務風險zh_TW
dc.title (題名) Business Strategy, Corporate Political Connections, and Tax Risken_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen_US
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 丁翎育，2017，政治關聯與租稅規避，政治大學會計學研究所未出版碩士論文。
吳德豐與徐麗珍，2010，《公司稅務治理與規劃─管理風險，創造價值》，資誠企業管理顧問股份有限公司出版。
紀信義、翁慈青與廖芝嫻，2017，董事及高階主管政治連結與公司績效之關聯性，台大管理論叢，27(2)，1-34。
翁慈青與紀信義，2014，董事會政治背景與企業信用風險之關係，證券市場發展季刊，26(2)，43-89。
翁慈青、陳光政與游智翔，2016，公司創新活動對董事會成員職能與政治關係之影響，會計學報，6(2)，55-89。
陳明進與蔡麗雯，2006，財稅所得差異決定因素及課稅所得推估之研究，管理學報，23(6)，739-763。
劉若蘭與李旻育，2017，董事會政治關聯、客戶重要性對財務報導舞弊之影響，中山管理評論，25(2)，367-398。
Angrist, J. D., & Krueger, A. B. 2001. Instrumental variables and the search for identification: From supply and demand to natural experiments. Journal of Economic perspectives, 15(4), 69-85.
Artemenko, D. A., Aguzarova, L. A., Aguzarova, F. S., & Porollo, E. V. 2017. Causes of tax risks and ways to reduce them.
Baysinger, B., & Hoskisson, R. E. 1990. The composition of boards of directors and strategic control: Effects on corporate strategy. Academy of management review, 15(1), 72-87.
Bentley, K. A., Omer, T. C., & Sharp, N. Y. 2013. Business strategy, financial reporting irregularities, and audit effort. Contemporary Accounting Research, 30(2), 780-817.
Blouin, J. 2014. Defining and measuring tax planning aggressiveness. National Tax Journal, 67(4), 875.
Boubakri, N., Mansi, S. A., & Saffar, W. 2013. Political institutions, connectedness, and corporate risk-taking. Journal of International Business Studies, 44(3), 195-215.
Brealey, R. A., Myers, S. C., & Allan, F. 1991. Principles of Corporate Finance McGraw Hill. Inc., USA.
Brickley, J. A., & Zimmerman, J. L. 2010. Corporate governance myths: comments on Armstrong, Guay, and Weber. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 50(2-3), 235-245.
Brown, J. L., & Drake, K. D. 2014. Network ties among low-tax firms. The Accounting Review, 89(2), 483-510.
Cazier, R. A., Rego, S. O., Tian, X. S., & Wilson, R. J. 2009. Early evidence on the determinants of unrecognized tax benefits. Ryan J., Early Evidence on the Determinants of Unrecognized Tax Benefits (September 14, 2009).
Chaney, P. K., Faccio, M., & Parsley, D. 2011. The quality of accounting information in politically connected firms. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 51(1-2), 58-76.
Chen, C. J., Ding, Y., & Kim, C. F. 2010. High-level politically connected firms, corruption, and analyst forecast accuracy around the world. Journal of International Business Studies, 41(9), 1505-1524.
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dc.identifier.doi (DOI) 10.6814/NCCU202000530en_US