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題名 API商業模式研究
A Study of the Business Model of Application Programming Interface作者 陳宥任
Chen, Yu-Jen貢獻者 尚孝純
Shang, Shari S.C.
陳宥任
Chen, Yu-Jen關鍵詞 應用程式介面
商業模式
Application Programming Interface
API
Business Model日期 2020 上傳時間 2-Sep-2020 11:47:52 (UTC+8) 摘要 Nowadays, there are many studies discussing the advantages of using APIs. But only a few examine what value it holds for an API provider. This study identifies cases from different industry fields, analyzes their APIs to explain why they are willing to provide APIs on the internet. First, the study identified ten enterprises as the target cases from as diverse industry fields as possible. Second, the study chose five representative APIs from each enterprise’s website, platform, and developer document. Third, this study applied business model framework to analyze fifty APIs, which revealed the association between the value provided by the API and the provider.To clarify the differences and similarities among APIs easily, the discussion is based on the API type instead of the function. APIs are categorized into three types: data, service, and development. First, infrastructures of the APIs were examined. Second, the value position of the API was analyzed. Third, API end users were studied to speculate the customer. Finally, the study tried to answer the question of “what value does the API provider expect to get” to understand benefits received by API providers. In conclusion, APIs provide five values to the API providers: profit, extended market, enhanced content, user engagement and stimulate consumption. Enterprises which want to engage in the API economy can refer to this study to determine what functions they should encapsulate in the APIs and plan for the benefits. 參考文獻 Amadeus. (2019). 2019 Amadeus® Global Report. Retrieved from https://corporate.amadeus.com/en/annual-reports/amadeus-annual-report-2019Berelson, B. (1952). Content analysis in communication research. New York: Free PressBloch, J. (2018, August 8). A Brief, Opinionated History of the API [presentation video file ]. Retrieved from https://www.infoq.com/presentations/history-api/Cotton, I. W., & Greatorex Jr, F. S. (1968, December). Data structures and techniques for remote computer graphics. In Proceedings of the December 9-11, 1968, fall joint computer conference, part I (pp. 533-544). Doi:10.1145/1476589.147666de Souza, C. R., & Redmiles, D. F. (2009). On the roles of APIs in the coordination of collaborative software development. Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW), 18(5-6), 445. Doi: 10.1007/s10606-009-9101-3Encyclopædia Britannica (2019). Application programming interface. In Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Retrieved from https://www.britannica.com/technology/APIFitzpatrick, G., Kaplan, S., Mansfield, T., Arnold, D., & Segall, B. (2002). Supporting public availability and accessibility with Elvin: Experiences and reflections. Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW), 11(3-4), 447-474.Doi: 0.1023/A:1021226206564Fowler, M. (2002). Public versus published interfaces. IEEE Software, 19(2), 18–19. Doi: 10.1109/52.991326Hall, M. (2019). Facebook. In Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Retrieved from https://www.britannica.com/topic/FacebookHong Kong Monetary Authority. (2019, July 31). Open API Framework for the Banking Sector: One year on. [Online announcement] Retrieved from https://www.hkma.gov.hk/eng/news-and-media/press-releases/2019/07/20190731-3/Hosch, W. L. & Hall, M. (2020). Google. In Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Retrieved from https://www.britannica.com/topic/Google-IncInstitute for Information Industry. (2008). SOA development trends and related business opptunities in Taiwan. Taiwan: Market Intelligence & Consulting Institute, MICMagretta, J. (2002). Why Business Models Matter, Harvard Business Review 80(5): 86-92.Matthew. (n. d.) The Revolut Business Model – How Does Revolut Work & Make Money? [Web blog message] Retrieved from https://productmint.com/the-revolut-business-model-how-does-revolut-make-money/#Loans_OverdraftsMcCarthy, B. (2020, March). A Brief History Of Salesforce.com: 1999-2020 [Web blog message] Retrieved from https://www.salesforceben.com/brief-history-salesforce-com/McDaniel, S. (2019). Microservices vs SOA: What’s the Difference? [Web blog message] Retrieved from https://www.talend.com/resources/microservices-vs-soa/Nawal, A. (2018, October 5). Twitch.tv Business Model | How Does Twitch Make Money? [Web blog message] Retrieved from https://www.feedough.com/twitch-tv-business-model-how-does-twitch-make-money/Osterwalder, A. (2004). The business model ontology a proposition in a design science approach (Doctoral dissertation, Université de Lausanne, Faculté des hautes études commerciales).Osterwalder, A., & Pigneur, Y. (2010). Business model generation: a handbook for visionaries, game changers, and challengers. John Wiley & Sons.Osterwalder, A., Pigneur, Y., & Tucci, C. L. (2005). Clarifying business models: Origins, present, and future of the concept. Communications of the association for Information Systems, 16(1), 1. Doi : 10.17705/1CAIS.01601Pahwa, A. (2020, May 18). How Does WhatsApp Make Money? WhatsApp’s Revenue Model [Web blog message]. Retrieved from https://www.feedough.com/how-does-whatsapp-make-money/Parnas, D. L. (1972). On the criteria to be used in decomposing systems into modules. Communications of the ACM, 15(12), 1053–1058. Doi: 10.1145/361598.361623Qadri, M. (2020, February 2). How WhatsApp Makes Money? [Web blog message] Retrieved from https://whatisthebusinessmodelof.com/business-models/how-whatsapp-makes-money/Shoe, M. (last edited May 5 2020). Ticketmaster-the birth and development of the world`s largest ticket company [Web blog message]. Retrieved from https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/138333623Timmers, P. (1998). Business models for electronic markets. Electronic markets, 8(2), 3-8. DOI: 10.1080/10196789800000016Wilhelm, A. (2011, May 18). TwitchTV: Justin.tv’s killer new esports project [Web blog message]. Retrieved from https://thenextweb.com/media/2011/06/06/twitchtv-justin-tvs-killer-new-esports-project/Wilkes, M. V., Wheeler, D. J., Gill, S. (1951).The Preparation of Programs for an Electronic Digital Computer. Addison-Wesley Press, Inc., Cambridge, MA 描述 碩士
國立政治大學
資訊管理學系
107356030資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0107356030 資料類型 thesis dc.contributor.advisor 尚孝純 zh_TW dc.contributor.advisor Shang, Shari S.C. en_US dc.contributor.author (Authors) 陳宥任 zh_TW dc.contributor.author (Authors) Chen, Yu-Jen en_US dc.creator (作者) 陳宥任 zh_TW dc.creator (作者) Chen, Yu-Jen en_US dc.date (日期) 2020 en_US dc.date.accessioned 2-Sep-2020 11:47:52 (UTC+8) - dc.date.available 2-Sep-2020 11:47:52 (UTC+8) - dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 2-Sep-2020 11:47:52 (UTC+8) - dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0107356030 en_US dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/131500 - dc.description (描述) 碩士 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 資訊管理學系 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 107356030 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) Nowadays, there are many studies discussing the advantages of using APIs. But only a few examine what value it holds for an API provider. This study identifies cases from different industry fields, analyzes their APIs to explain why they are willing to provide APIs on the internet. First, the study identified ten enterprises as the target cases from as diverse industry fields as possible. Second, the study chose five representative APIs from each enterprise’s website, platform, and developer document. Third, this study applied business model framework to analyze fifty APIs, which revealed the association between the value provided by the API and the provider.To clarify the differences and similarities among APIs easily, the discussion is based on the API type instead of the function. APIs are categorized into three types: data, service, and development. First, infrastructures of the APIs were examined. Second, the value position of the API was analyzed. Third, API end users were studied to speculate the customer. Finally, the study tried to answer the question of “what value does the API provider expect to get” to understand benefits received by API providers. In conclusion, APIs provide five values to the API providers: profit, extended market, enhanced content, user engagement and stimulate consumption. Enterprises which want to engage in the API economy can refer to this study to determine what functions they should encapsulate in the APIs and plan for the benefits. en_US dc.description.tableofcontents Chapter 1: Introduction 41.1 Introduction 41.2 Motivation 51.3 Research Objectives 5Chapter 2: Literature Review 62.1 Service-Oriented Architecture, Software Development Kit, and Application Programming Interface 62.2 Categories of API 92.3 Stakeholders of API 92.4 Business Model 10Chapter 3: Research Methodology 113.1 Research Approach and Process 113.2 Data Selection 113.3 Selected Cases 123.4 Data Analysis 14Chapter 4: Case Analysis 154.1 Analyzed Results 154.1.1 Salesforce 154.1.2 Google 164.1.3 Facebook 184.1.4 Amadeus 194.1.5 Wix 204.1.6 WhatsApp 224.1.7 Revolut 234.1.8 Ticketmaster 244.1.9 Twitch 264.1.10 PokitDok 274.2 Content analysis 284.2.1 How do APIs work? 284.2.2 What kinds of API do API providers offer? 304.2.3 Who is the API end user? 314.2.4 What value does the API provider expect to get? 32Chapter 5: Conclusion 375.1 Summary 375.2 Implications 385.3 Research Limitation and Future Research 38Reference 39 zh_TW dc.format.extent 947066 bytes - dc.format.mimetype application/pdf - dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0107356030 en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) 應用程式介面 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 商業模式 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) Application Programming Interface en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) API en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Business Model en_US dc.title (題名) API商業模式研究 zh_TW dc.title (題名) A Study of the Business Model of Application Programming Interface en_US dc.type (資料類型) thesis en_US dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Amadeus. (2019). 2019 Amadeus® Global Report. Retrieved from https://corporate.amadeus.com/en/annual-reports/amadeus-annual-report-2019Berelson, B. (1952). Content analysis in communication research. New York: Free PressBloch, J. (2018, August 8). A Brief, Opinionated History of the API [presentation video file ]. Retrieved from https://www.infoq.com/presentations/history-api/Cotton, I. W., & Greatorex Jr, F. S. (1968, December). Data structures and techniques for remote computer graphics. In Proceedings of the December 9-11, 1968, fall joint computer conference, part I (pp. 533-544). Doi:10.1145/1476589.147666de Souza, C. R., & Redmiles, D. F. (2009). On the roles of APIs in the coordination of collaborative software development. Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW), 18(5-6), 445. Doi: 10.1007/s10606-009-9101-3Encyclopædia Britannica (2019). Application programming interface. In Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Retrieved from https://www.britannica.com/technology/APIFitzpatrick, G., Kaplan, S., Mansfield, T., Arnold, D., & Segall, B. (2002). Supporting public availability and accessibility with Elvin: Experiences and reflections. Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW), 11(3-4), 447-474.Doi: 0.1023/A:1021226206564Fowler, M. (2002). Public versus published interfaces. IEEE Software, 19(2), 18–19. Doi: 10.1109/52.991326Hall, M. (2019). Facebook. In Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Retrieved from https://www.britannica.com/topic/FacebookHong Kong Monetary Authority. (2019, July 31). Open API Framework for the Banking Sector: One year on. [Online announcement] Retrieved from https://www.hkma.gov.hk/eng/news-and-media/press-releases/2019/07/20190731-3/Hosch, W. L. & Hall, M. (2020). Google. In Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Retrieved from https://www.britannica.com/topic/Google-IncInstitute for Information Industry. (2008). SOA development trends and related business opptunities in Taiwan. Taiwan: Market Intelligence & Consulting Institute, MICMagretta, J. (2002). Why Business Models Matter, Harvard Business Review 80(5): 86-92.Matthew. (n. d.) The Revolut Business Model – How Does Revolut Work & Make Money? [Web blog message] Retrieved from https://productmint.com/the-revolut-business-model-how-does-revolut-make-money/#Loans_OverdraftsMcCarthy, B. (2020, March). A Brief History Of Salesforce.com: 1999-2020 [Web blog message] Retrieved from https://www.salesforceben.com/brief-history-salesforce-com/McDaniel, S. (2019). Microservices vs SOA: What’s the Difference? [Web blog message] Retrieved from https://www.talend.com/resources/microservices-vs-soa/Nawal, A. (2018, October 5). Twitch.tv Business Model | How Does Twitch Make Money? [Web blog message] Retrieved from https://www.feedough.com/twitch-tv-business-model-how-does-twitch-make-money/Osterwalder, A. (2004). The business model ontology a proposition in a design science approach (Doctoral dissertation, Université de Lausanne, Faculté des hautes études commerciales).Osterwalder, A., & Pigneur, Y. (2010). Business model generation: a handbook for visionaries, game changers, and challengers. John Wiley & Sons.Osterwalder, A., Pigneur, Y., & Tucci, C. L. (2005). Clarifying business models: Origins, present, and future of the concept. Communications of the association for Information Systems, 16(1), 1. Doi : 10.17705/1CAIS.01601Pahwa, A. (2020, May 18). How Does WhatsApp Make Money? WhatsApp’s Revenue Model [Web blog message]. Retrieved from https://www.feedough.com/how-does-whatsapp-make-money/Parnas, D. L. (1972). On the criteria to be used in decomposing systems into modules. Communications of the ACM, 15(12), 1053–1058. Doi: 10.1145/361598.361623Qadri, M. (2020, February 2). How WhatsApp Makes Money? [Web blog message] Retrieved from https://whatisthebusinessmodelof.com/business-models/how-whatsapp-makes-money/Shoe, M. (last edited May 5 2020). Ticketmaster-the birth and development of the world`s largest ticket company [Web blog message]. Retrieved from https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/138333623Timmers, P. (1998). Business models for electronic markets. Electronic markets, 8(2), 3-8. DOI: 10.1080/10196789800000016Wilhelm, A. (2011, May 18). TwitchTV: Justin.tv’s killer new esports project [Web blog message]. Retrieved from https://thenextweb.com/media/2011/06/06/twitchtv-justin-tvs-killer-new-esports-project/Wilkes, M. V., Wheeler, D. J., Gill, S. (1951).The Preparation of Programs for an Electronic Digital Computer. Addison-Wesley Press, Inc., Cambridge, MA zh_TW dc.identifier.doi (DOI) 10.6814/NCCU202001295 en_US
