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題名 以眼動追蹤技術探討閱讀中文把字句與被字句的處理歷程
The online processing of Bǎ/Bèi construction in Mandarin Chinese: Evidence from eye movements of sentence reading作者 蔡旭容
Tsai, Hsu-Jung貢獻者 蔡介立
Tsai, Jie-Li
蔡旭容
Tsai, Hsu-Jung關鍵詞 把字句
被字句
眼動閱讀
施事者優先
有生性日期 2021 上傳時間 2-Mar-2021 14:30:45 (UTC+8) 摘要 以競爭模型為基礎的許多研究顯示,語意是中文重要的語言線索,幫助讀者指派語意角色給句中論元,達到語意理解的目的。論元擴展依存模型則描繪出語意關係建立的時序,指出語意角色指派的歷程存在於論元之間,在不同階段使用不同語意線索建立出句子的整體語意。過去的研究發現,在處理「名詞—名詞—動詞」句型時,與處理一般簡單句「名詞—動詞—名詞」句型時不同,採用的是「受事者優先」偏好;此外,相對於介詞「被」,「把」對其後的論元名詞具生命性與否的約束強度較弱。然而,近年有研究指出,在處理和「名詞—名詞—動詞」同為動詞在後結構的把字句和被字句時,「施事者優先」的偏好仍然存在,且中文讀者在處理這兩種句式時有相似的眼動表現。因此本論文將透過兩個眼動閱讀實驗,操弄句首論元有生性、句式和介詞後論元有生性,探討這些因素對「施事者優先」偏好的影響,以及對介詞後論元有生性的約束情形。實驗結果顯示,在閱讀把字句時,效率優於被字句,且句首論元的有生性不影響把字句的閱讀處理效率。此外,句首論元為生命體時會對被字句產生干擾,顯示符合典型施事特徵的生命體將會強化「施事者優先」的預期。介詞後論元的有生性並不影響把字句與被字句的閱讀處理效率,顯示當介詞提早將論元的語意角色確立後,介詞後論元的有生性對眼動表現沒有影響。整體而言,中文句子的閱讀處理符合擴展論元依存模型,「施事者優先」則是中文讀者的語意角色指派偏好。 參考文獻 參考文獻中央研究院(2017)。中研院現代漢語平衡語料庫4.0,網址:http://asbc.iis.sinica.edu.tw,檢索年月:2020年7月。王力(1984)。王力文集第一卷:中國語法理論。山東:山東教育出版社。朱德熙(1982)。語法講義。北京:商務印書館。吳靜蘭(2007)。角色指稱語法簡介。語言暨語言學,8(1),5-70。呂叔湘(1999)。現代漢語八百詞增訂本。北京:商務印書館。柯華葳、陳明蕾與廖家寧(2005)。詞頻、詞彙類型與眼球運動型態:來自篇章閱讀的證據。中華心理學刊,47(4),381-398。doi:10.6129/CJP.2005.4704.06張伯江(2000)。論“把”字句的句式語義。語言研究,1,28-40。張伯江(2001)。被字句和把字句的對稱與不對稱。中國語文,6,519-524。張伯江(2002)。施事角色的語用屬性。中國語文,6, 483-574。張伯江(2007)。施事和受事的語義語用特徵及其在句式中的實現(博士論文)。復旦大學,上海。張育慈(2017)。語義及句法對西班牙語及中文母語人士在中文理解的影響(碩士論文)。國立臺灣師範大學,台北市。湯廷池(1986)。國語語法與功用解釋:兼談國語與英語功用語法的對比分析。師大學報,31,437-469。劉月華、潘文娛與故韡(2007)。實用現代漢語語法(增訂本)。北京:商務印書館。蔡介立(2000)。從眼動控制探討中文閱讀的線索處理歷程:應用眼動誘發呈現技術之系列研究(博士論文)。國立政治大學,台北市。蔡介立、顏妙璇與汪勁安(2005)。眼球移動測量即在中文閱讀研究之應用。應用心理研究,28, 91-104。繆小春、陳國鵬與應厚昌(1984)。詞序和詞義在漢語語句理解中的作用再探。心理科學,6,1-7。Bader, M. 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國立政治大學
華語文教學碩博士學位學程
106161003資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G1061610031 資料類型 thesis dc.contributor.advisor 蔡介立 zh_TW dc.contributor.advisor Tsai, Jie-Li en_US dc.contributor.author (Authors) 蔡旭容 zh_TW dc.contributor.author (Authors) Tsai, Hsu-Jung en_US dc.creator (作者) 蔡旭容 zh_TW dc.creator (作者) Tsai, Hsu-Jung en_US dc.date (日期) 2021 en_US dc.date.accessioned 2-Mar-2021 14:30:45 (UTC+8) - dc.date.available 2-Mar-2021 14:30:45 (UTC+8) - dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 2-Mar-2021 14:30:45 (UTC+8) - dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G1061610031 en_US dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/134079 - dc.description (描述) 碩士 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 華語文教學碩博士學位學程 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 106161003 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) 以競爭模型為基礎的許多研究顯示,語意是中文重要的語言線索,幫助讀者指派語意角色給句中論元,達到語意理解的目的。論元擴展依存模型則描繪出語意關係建立的時序,指出語意角色指派的歷程存在於論元之間,在不同階段使用不同語意線索建立出句子的整體語意。過去的研究發現,在處理「名詞—名詞—動詞」句型時,與處理一般簡單句「名詞—動詞—名詞」句型時不同,採用的是「受事者優先」偏好;此外,相對於介詞「被」,「把」對其後的論元名詞具生命性與否的約束強度較弱。然而,近年有研究指出,在處理和「名詞—名詞—動詞」同為動詞在後結構的把字句和被字句時,「施事者優先」的偏好仍然存在,且中文讀者在處理這兩種句式時有相似的眼動表現。因此本論文將透過兩個眼動閱讀實驗,操弄句首論元有生性、句式和介詞後論元有生性,探討這些因素對「施事者優先」偏好的影響,以及對介詞後論元有生性的約束情形。實驗結果顯示,在閱讀把字句時,效率優於被字句,且句首論元的有生性不影響把字句的閱讀處理效率。此外,句首論元為生命體時會對被字句產生干擾,顯示符合典型施事特徵的生命體將會強化「施事者優先」的預期。介詞後論元的有生性並不影響把字句與被字句的閱讀處理效率,顯示當介詞提早將論元的語意角色確立後,介詞後論元的有生性對眼動表現沒有影響。整體而言,中文句子的閱讀處理符合擴展論元依存模型,「施事者優先」則是中文讀者的語意角色指派偏好。 zh_TW dc.description.tableofcontents 目錄第一章、緒論 1一、研究背景 1二、研究目的 5第二章、文獻探討 7第一節、主語偏好與施事者優先偏好 7第二節、中文語法 12一、中文的主語爭議及語序 12二、把字句與被字句 15第三節、中文的語意角色指派歷程 18一、競爭模型 18二、擴展論元依存模型 24第四節、把字句與被字句的語意處理 30第五節、眼動追蹤技術與影響中文閱讀處理的因素 37一、眼動追蹤技術 37二、影響閱讀處理的因素 39第六節、研究問題 41第三章、實驗一:把字句與被字句的施事者優先偏好 44第一節、研究方法 45一、實驗參與者 45二、實驗材料與設計 45三、實驗設備 51四、實驗程序 51第二節、實驗結果 53一、資料排除條件 54二、實驗結果 55第三節、討論 68第四章、實驗二:介詞「把」與「被」對其後論元的有生性約束 71第一節、研究方法 72一、實驗參與者 72二、實驗材料與設計 72三、實驗設備 77四、實驗程序 78第二節、實驗結果 78一、資料排除條件 78二、實驗結果 79第三節、討論 89第五章、綜合討論與建議 92第一節、綜合討論 93一、把字句的閱讀處理優勢與施事者優先偏好 93二、「把」與「被」在語意角色指派歷程中的功能 94三、「把」與「被」對其後論元的有生性約束 96四、論元有生性對晚期語意整合的影響 98五、結論 99第二節、研究建議 100參考文獻 103附錄一:實驗一實驗材料 112附錄二:實驗二前測—主觀克漏作業材料 117附錄三:實驗二實驗材料 118 zh_TW dc.format.extent 3112054 bytes - dc.format.mimetype application/pdf - dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G1061610031 en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) 把字句 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 被字句 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 眼動閱讀 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 施事者優先 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 有生性 zh_TW dc.title (題名) 以眼動追蹤技術探討閱讀中文把字句與被字句的處理歷程 zh_TW dc.title (題名) The online processing of Bǎ/Bèi construction in Mandarin Chinese: Evidence from eye movements of sentence reading en_US dc.type (資料類型) thesis en_US dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 參考文獻中央研究院(2017)。中研院現代漢語平衡語料庫4.0,網址:http://asbc.iis.sinica.edu.tw,檢索年月:2020年7月。王力(1984)。王力文集第一卷:中國語法理論。山東:山東教育出版社。朱德熙(1982)。語法講義。北京:商務印書館。吳靜蘭(2007)。角色指稱語法簡介。語言暨語言學,8(1),5-70。呂叔湘(1999)。現代漢語八百詞增訂本。北京:商務印書館。柯華葳、陳明蕾與廖家寧(2005)。詞頻、詞彙類型與眼球運動型態:來自篇章閱讀的證據。中華心理學刊,47(4),381-398。doi:10.6129/CJP.2005.4704.06張伯江(2000)。論“把”字句的句式語義。語言研究,1,28-40。張伯江(2001)。被字句和把字句的對稱與不對稱。中國語文,6,519-524。張伯江(2002)。施事角色的語用屬性。中國語文,6, 483-574。張伯江(2007)。施事和受事的語義語用特徵及其在句式中的實現(博士論文)。復旦大學,上海。張育慈(2017)。語義及句法對西班牙語及中文母語人士在中文理解的影響(碩士論文)。國立臺灣師範大學,台北市。湯廷池(1986)。國語語法與功用解釋:兼談國語與英語功用語法的對比分析。師大學報,31,437-469。劉月華、潘文娛與故韡(2007)。實用現代漢語語法(增訂本)。北京:商務印書館。蔡介立(2000)。從眼動控制探討中文閱讀的線索處理歷程:應用眼動誘發呈現技術之系列研究(博士論文)。國立政治大學,台北市。蔡介立、顏妙璇與汪勁安(2005)。眼球移動測量即在中文閱讀研究之應用。應用心理研究,28, 91-104。繆小春、陳國鵬與應厚昌(1984)。詞序和詞義在漢語語句理解中的作用再探。心理科學,6,1-7。Bader, M. 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