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題名 臺灣開放銀行關鍵因素權重評比之研究
Studying of Weighting Assessment on Key Factors of Open Banking in Taiwan作者 林鉉宬
Lin, Xuan-Cheng貢獻者 許志義
Hsu, Jyh-Yih
林鉉宬
Lin, Xuan-Cheng關鍵詞 開放銀行
第三方服務業者
層級分析法
Open Banking
Third Party Service Provider
Analytic Hierarchy Process日期 2022 上傳時間 2-Sep-2022 15:26:00 (UTC+8) 摘要 開放銀行是當前先進國家之潮流趨勢，由於資訊科技的進步，現今金融業者面對外在競爭者不再只侷限於傳統金融業者，第三方服務業者（Third Party Services Provider, TSP）也參與其中。開放銀行使得新興商業模式的興起，涉及各個不同面向與關鍵成功因素，這些面向與關鍵因素之間的相對權重，乃是相關產業與政府部門值得深入探討的課題。本研究旨在探討臺灣開放銀行關鍵因素之權重分析，藉由相關文獻的蒐集與彙整，建立層級架構，主層級架構包含三個面向：政府面向指標、業者面向指標，以及技術面向指標，藉由此三項指標整合出各項次層級之影響因素，藉由層級分析法（Analytic Hierarchy Process, AHP）整理影響因素的權重排序。本研究藉由市場調查將問卷對象分為兩類，包括專家學者以及企業人士，經過問卷調查後發現，不論專家學者或是企業人士，皆認為「政府面向指標」是開放銀行發展中最重要的關鍵指標。在整體問卷實證結果中，影響因素之權重排序依次為：「消費者賦權」（0.4177）、「TSP 業者治理制度」（0.1978），以及「銀行」（0.1799）。不同群組的問卷對象之調查結果顯示，專家學者群組認為「消費者賦權」（0.3703）、「TSP 業者治理制度」（0.2484），以及「銀行」（0.1922）為前三重要的影響因素；企業人士群組認為「消費者賦權」（0.4523）、「銀行」（0.1588），以及「TSP 業者治理制度」（0.1538）為前三重要的影響因素。
Open banking is the current trend in developed countries. Due to the progress of information technology, the financial industry is no longer limited to the traditional financial industry; however, third-party services providers have joined the competition for financial services. The rise of emerging business models caused by open banking involves different aspects and key success factors. The relative weight between these aspects and key factors is a topic worthy of in-depth discussion by relevant industries and government departments. This study explores the weight analysis of the key factors of Taiwan`s open banking. A hierarchical structure is established through collecting and consolidating relevant literature. The main hierarchical structure includes three aspects: governmentoriented indicators, industry-oriented indicators, and technology-oriented indicators. Through these three indicators, the influencing factors of each sub-level are integrated, sorting out the weight ranking of various influencing factors.This study divides the questionnaire into two categories through a market survey: experts/scholars and industry insiders. After the questionnaire survey, it was found that overall, the "government-oriented indicator" is the most important key indicator in developing open banks, and the order of weight of influencing factors is: "Consumer Empowerment" (0.4177), "TSP Supervision" (0.1978), and "Bank" (0.1799). The survey results of different groups of respondents showed that experts/scholars believed that "Consumer Empowerment" (0.3703), "TSP Supervision" (0.2484), and "Bank" (0.1922) were the first three critical influencing factors; Industry Insiders believe that "Consumer Empowerment" (0.4523), "Bank" (0.1588), and "TSP Supervision" (0.1538) are the first three critical influencing factors.參考文獻 英文文獻 Animashaun, Sijuade (2022), Digital Platforms and Sustainable Developments: Regulating BigFinTechs for Digital Financial Inclusion, 9-12. Accenture & HKMA (2021). The Next Phase of the Banking Open API Journey. From https://www.hkma.gov.hk/media/eng/doc/key-functions/ifc/fintech/The_Next_Phase_of_the_Banking_Open_API_Journey.pdf, 10-15. Brennan, C., Ritters, K. (2004). Consumer Education in the UK: New Developments in Policy, Strategy and Implementation. International Journal of Consumer Studies 28.97–107. Capgemini & BNP Paribas (2018). World Payment Report 2018. From https://worldpaymentsreport.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/5/2018/10/World-Payments-Report-2018.pdf, 37-39. Deutsche Bank, PPI AG (2016). Payment Service Directive 2. From http://cib.db.com/docs_new/White_Paper_Payments_Services_Directive_2.pdf, 16-27. Gasser, U. (2015), Interoperability in the Digital Ecosystem, 88-95. Gozman, D., Hedman, J., & Sylvest, K. (2018). Open Banking: Emergent Roles, Risks & Opportunities. In ECIS 2018 Proceedings Association for Information Systems. AIS, 6-8. European Commission. (2015). "Payment services (PSD 2) - Directive (EU) 2015/2366." From https://ec.europa.eu/info/law/payment-services-psd-2-directive-eu-2015-2366_en EVRY. (2016b). PSD2 – Strategic Opportunities Beyond Compliance. From https://www.evry.com/globalassets/bransjer/financialservices/bank2020/wp_psd2/psd2_whitepaper.pdf Euro Banking Association (2016). Understanding the business relevance of Open APIs and Open Banking for banks ver 1.0. From https://www.abe-eba.eu/media/azure/production/1522/business-relevance-of-open-apis-and-open-banking-for-banks.pdf Høgetveit, Sjur & Thorkildsen, Thomas (2018). Open banking in Norway: the potential for third party providers and the impact on the banking industry, 17-21. IBM (2016). Evolution of the API economy Adopting new business models to drive future innovation. From https://www.ibm.com/downloads/cas/XG8RYO63, 7-11. Jacobson, D., Brail, G., Woods, D. (2011). APIs: A Strategy Guide. Sebastopol: O`Reilly.Media Inc. ISBN: 9781449308926. Long, G., Tan, Y., Jiang, J., Zhang, C. (2020). Federated Learning for Open Banking. Yang, Q., Fan, L., Yu, H. (eds) Federated Learning. Lecture Notes in Computer Science (), vol 12500, 240-254. Lynn, T., Rosati, P., Cummins, M. (2020). Exploring Open Banking and Banking-as-a-Platform: Opportunities and Risks for Emerging Markets. Klonowski, D. (eds) Entrepreneurial Finance in Emerging Markets. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham, 1-16. Min, H. (1992). Selection of software: the analytic hierarchy process. International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management, 22(1), 42-52. Meyer, S. (2019). Understanding the API Economy and Its Role in Ecommerce. From https://www.cms-connected.com/News-Archive/July-2019/Understanding-the-API-Economy-and-Its-Role-in-eCommerce Moilanen. (2017). From private to public -API types from business perspective. From https://medium.com/apinf/from-private-to-public-api-types-from-business-perspective-76b6e6e12624 Ozcan, P., & Zachariadis, M. (2021). Open banking as a catalyst for industry transformation: Lessons learned fromimplementing PSD2 in Europe. Swift Institute Report. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, 1-14. Open Banking Working Group (2016). The Open Banking Standard. From https://www.paymentsforum.uk/sites/default/files/documents/Background%20Document%20No.%202%20-%20The%20Open%20Banking%20Standard%20-%20Full%20Report.pdf Open Banking Implementation Entity (2018). Open Banking Glossary. From https://www.openbanking.org.uk/about-us/glossary/ Open Banking Implementation Entity (2022). UK open banking marks fourth year milestone with over 4 million users. From https://www.openbanking.org.uk/news/uk-open-banking-marks-fourth-year-milestone-with-over-4-million-users/ Open Banking Implementation Entity (2022). ABOUT THE OBIE. From https://www.openbanking.org.uk/about-us/ Polasik, M., Huterska, A., Iftikhar, R., & Mikula, Š. (2020). The impact of Payment Services Directive 2 on the PayTech sector development in Europe. Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 178, 385–401. Polasik, M., & Kotkowski, R. (2022). The Open Banking Adoption Among Consumers in Europe: The Role of Privacy, Trust, and Digital Financial Inclusion, 9. Palmieri, D. (2018). API, a sustainable competitive advantage through connection: The opportunities that APIs offer to your business. From https://medium.com/yourapi/api-a-sustainable-competitive-advantage-through-connection-c966fc8895f7 Reynolds, F., & Chidley, M. (2019). Consumer priorities for open banking. London: Manifesto Growth Architects, 35-39. Shankar, A., Cherrier, H., Canniford, R. (2006). Consumer empowerment: a Foucauldian interpretation. European Journal of Marketing. Volume 40, No.9/10,1013-1030. Saaty, Thomas L. (1980). “The analytic hierarchy process New York.”. Nachhaltigkeit im Einkauf von Logistikdienstleistungen 137. Tink (2020). The use cases and opportunities driving open banking investments. From https://resources.tink.com/hubfs/05%20Resources/Reports/Survey%20reports%202020/SR2+CR2/The%20use%20cases%20and%20opportunities%20driving%20open%20banking%20investments.pdf Vargas, L.G., Roura-Agusti, J.B. (1989). Business Strategy Formulation for a Financial Institution in a Developing Country. Golden, B.L., Wasil, E.A., Harker, P.T. (eds) The Analytic Hierarchy Process, 251-265. World Bank Group and Committee on Payments and Market Infrastructures (2016). Payment`s aspects of financial inclusion. From http://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/806481470154477031/pdf/107382-WPREPLLACEMENT-PUBLIC-PAFI-Report-final-in-A4.pdf Wang, H., Ma S., Dai, H.-N., Imran, M., Wang, T. (2020). Blockchain-based data privacy management with Nudge theory in open banking. Future Generation Computer Systems, Volume 110, 812-823, ISSN 0167-739X. Zetzsche, D. A., Buckley, R. P., & Arner, D. W. (2019). FinTech for financial inclusion: driving sustainable growth. Sustainable Development Goals: Harnessing Business to Achieve the SDGs through Finance, Technology, and Law Reform, 177-203. Zahedi, F. (1986). The analytic hierarchy process—a survey of the method and its Applications. Interfaces, 16(4), 96-108. 中文文獻 王儷玲（2021），我國開放銀行發展剖析與政策建言。財團法人外匯市場發展基金會專題研究計劃，頁1-3。 王儷玲（2019），台灣發展 Open API 的機會與挑戰。政大金融科技中心，檢自： http://www.ftrc.nccu.edu.tw/wordpresseng/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/1.%E7%8E%8B%E5%84%B7%E7%8E%B2%E8%80%81%E5%B8%AB-Open-API-0703.pdf，頁 4。 林虛白（2012）「智慧建築採用電能資訊系統意願之關鍵因素研究：層級分析法。碩士論文，國立中興大學資訊管理學系，摘要。 金融監督管理委員會（2016），金融科技發展策略白皮書。檢自：https://www.fsc.gov.tw/uploaddowndoc?file=chdownload/201605181656050.pdf&filedisplay=1050518%E9%87%91%E8%9E%8D%E7%A7%91%E6%8A%80%E7%99%BC%E5%B1%95%E7%AD%96%E7%95%A5%E7%99%BD%E7%9A%AE%E6%9B%B8.pdf&flag=doc，頁 1。 金融監督管理委員會（2021），金融資料開放專區。檢自：https://www.fsc.gov.tw/websitedowndoc?file=chfsc/202112231015490.pdf&filedisplay=%E9%87%91%E8%9E%8D%E6%A9%9F%E6%A7%8B%E9%96%93%E8%B3%87%E6%96%99%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%AB%E6%8C%87%E5%BC%95%E7%B8%BD%E8%AA%AA%E6%98%8E%E5%8F%8A%E9%80%90%E9%BB%9E%E8%AA%AA%E6%98%8E.pdf，頁 4。 香港金融管理局（2022），銀行業開放應用程式介面（開放API） / 各銀行第三及第四階段開放API的目標推出日期。檢自：https://www.hkma.gov.hk/chi/key-functions/international-financial-centre/fintech/open-application-programming-interface-api-for-the-banking-sector/target-dates/ 財金資訊股份有限公司（2019），金融機構與第三方服務提供者辦理開放應用程式介面（Open API）業務安全控管作業規範。檢自：https://www.fisc.com.tw/tc/download/OPEN%20API%20RULE.pdf，頁 1-16。 財金資訊股份有限公司（2021），開放API服務。檢自：https://www.fisc.com.tw/TC/Business?Caid=219ca7b9-2ae0-4fee-aedb-510430c01771&tab=4 許志義、陳牧言、陳佳楨（2017），數位金融經營策略—¬金融科技新藍圖。普林斯頓國際有限公司、台灣金融研訓院，自序。 褚志鵬（2009），層級分析法（AHP）理論與實作。檢自：http://faculty.ndhu.edu.tw/~chpchu/POMR_Taipei_2009/AHP2009.pdf，摘要。 勤業眾信、政大金融科技研究中心（2022），開展新局：2022 數位與金融脈動展望報告¬—資料共享、保險科技與金融資安。檢自： https://www2.deloitte.com/content/dam/Deloitte/tw/Documents/financial-services/pr220707-tw-2022-financial-outlook.pdf，頁 22-24。 臧正運（2020），開放銀行與消費者賦權。消費者報導雜誌，471期，頁 15-18。 鄧振源、曾國雄（1989），層級分析法的內涵特性與應用（上）。中國統計學報，第27 卷，第6 期，頁5-22。 鄧振源、曾國雄（1989），層級分析法的內涵特性與應用（下）。中國統計學報，第27 卷，第7 期，頁1-20。 鄧振源（2005），計畫評估：方法與應用。海洋大學運籌規劃與管理研究中心，頁 319。 香港金融管理局（2022），銀行業開放應用程式介面（開放API）實施階段。檢自：https://www.hkma.gov.hk/chi/key-functions/international-financial-centre/fintech/open-application-programming-interface-api-for-the-banking-sector/phase-approach/#1 描述 碩士
國立政治大學
經濟學系
108258030資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0108258030 資料類型 thesis dc.contributor.advisor 許志義 zh_TW dc.contributor.advisor Hsu, Jyh-Yih en_US dc.contributor.author (Authors) 林鉉宬 zh_TW dc.contributor.author (Authors) Lin, Xuan-Cheng en_US dc.creator (作者) 林鉉宬 zh_TW dc.creator (作者) Lin, Xuan-Cheng en_US dc.date (日期) 2022 en_US dc.date.accessioned 2-Sep-2022 15:26:00 (UTC+8) - dc.date.available 2-Sep-2022 15:26:00 (UTC+8) - dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 2-Sep-2022 15:26:00 (UTC+8) - dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0108258030 en_US dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/141738 - dc.description (描述) 碩士 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 經濟學系 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 108258030 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) 開放銀行是當前先進國家之潮流趨勢，由於資訊科技的進步，現今金融業者面對外在競爭者不再只侷限於傳統金融業者，第三方服務業者（Third Party Services Provider, TSP）也參與其中。開放銀行使得新興商業模式的興起，涉及各個不同面向與關鍵成功因素，這些面向與關鍵因素之間的相對權重，乃是相關產業與政府部門值得深入探討的課題。本研究旨在探討臺灣開放銀行關鍵因素之權重分析，藉由相關文獻的蒐集與彙整，建立層級架構，主層級架構包含三個面向：政府面向指標、業者面向指標，以及技術面向指標，藉由此三項指標整合出各項次層級之影響因素，藉由層級分析法（Analytic Hierarchy Process, AHP）整理影響因素的權重排序。本研究藉由市場調查將問卷對象分為兩類，包括專家學者以及企業人士，經過問卷調查後發現，不論專家學者或是企業人士，皆認為「政府面向指標」是開放銀行發展中最重要的關鍵指標。在整體問卷實證結果中，影響因素之權重排序依次為：「消費者賦權」（0.4177）、「TSP 業者治理制度」（0.1978），以及「銀行」（0.1799）。不同群組的問卷對象之調查結果顯示，專家學者群組認為「消費者賦權」（0.3703）、「TSP 業者治理制度」（0.2484），以及「銀行」（0.1922）為前三重要的影響因素；企業人士群組認為「消費者賦權」（0.4523）、「銀行」（0.1588），以及「TSP 業者治理制度」（0.1538）為前三重要的影響因素。 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) Open banking is the current trend in developed countries. Due to the progress of information technology, the financial industry is no longer limited to the traditional financial industry; however, third-party services providers have joined the competition for financial services. The rise of emerging business models caused by open banking involves different aspects and key success factors. The relative weight between these aspects and key factors is a topic worthy of in-depth discussion by relevant industries and government departments. This study explores the weight analysis of the key factors of Taiwan`s open banking. A hierarchical structure is established through collecting and consolidating relevant literature. The main hierarchical structure includes three aspects: governmentoriented indicators, industry-oriented indicators, and technology-oriented indicators. Through these three indicators, the influencing factors of each sub-level are integrated, sorting out the weight ranking of various influencing factors.This study divides the questionnaire into two categories through a market survey: experts/scholars and industry insiders. After the questionnaire survey, it was found that overall, the "government-oriented indicator" is the most important key indicator in developing open banks, and the order of weight of influencing factors is: "Consumer Empowerment" (0.4177), "TSP Supervision" (0.1978), and "Bank" (0.1799). The survey results of different groups of respondents showed that experts/scholars believed that "Consumer Empowerment" (0.3703), "TSP Supervision" (0.2484), and "Bank" (0.1922) were the first three critical influencing factors; Industry Insiders believe that "Consumer Empowerment" (0.4523), "Bank" (0.1588), and "TSP Supervision" (0.1538) are the first three critical influencing factors. en_US dc.description.tableofcontents 目錄 謝辭 1 摘要 2 Abstract 3 第一章 緒論 8 第一節 研究動機 8 第二節 研究目的 9 第三節 研究流程 9 第四節 章節安排 10 第二章 文獻回顧 11 第一節 開放銀行發展趨勢 11 第二節 開放銀行關鍵因素之相關文獻 29 第三章 研究方法 38 第一節 層級分析法介紹 38 第二節 研究架構 42 第三節 研究變數與定義 42 第四節 問卷發放與回收 45 第四章 實證分析結果 46 第一節 開放銀行之影響指標權重分析 46 第二節 開放銀行之影響準則權重分析 47 第五章 結論與建議 49 第一節 研究結論 49 第二節 研究貢獻 51 第三節 研究建議 51 參考文獻 53 英文文獻 53 中文文獻 57 附錄 「開放銀行關鍵因素之權重探討」問卷內容 59 zh_TW dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0108258030 en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) 開放銀行 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 第三方服務業者 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 層級分析法 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) Open Banking en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Third Party Service Provider en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Analytic Hierarchy Process en_US dc.title (題名) 臺灣開放銀行關鍵因素權重評比之研究 zh_TW dc.title (題名) Studying of Weighting Assessment on Key Factors of Open Banking in Taiwan en_US dc.type (資料類型) thesis en_US dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 英文文獻 Animashaun, Sijuade (2022), Digital Platforms and Sustainable Developments: Regulating BigFinTechs for Digital Financial Inclusion, 9-12. 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