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題名 政府資料經濟生態系之營運模式探究—以交通部運輸資料流通服務平臺（TDX）為個案
Business Model for the Government Data Economy Ecosystem: A Case Study of Transport Data eXchange (TDX) of the Ministry of Transportation and Communications作者 曾逸信
Tseng, Yi-Hsin貢獻者 蕭乃沂
Hsiao, Nai-Yi
曾逸信
Tseng, Yi-Hsin關鍵詞 資料市集
營運模式
資料共享
交通運輸
TDX
Data marketplace
Business model
Data sharing
Transportation
TDX日期 2023 上傳時間 9-Mar-2023 18:35:52 (UTC+8) 摘要 隨著近年資通訊科技的發展，以資料驅動創新的資料服務產業逐漸興起。交通部運輸資料流通服務平臺（TDX）作為交通領域公共運輸旅運資料的資料平臺，除了提供一站式公共運輸旅運資料開放服務，持續推動公共運輸旅運資料應用發展外，也提供TDX私部門資料市集服務，以利於公私部門資料共享協作。本研究以TDX為個案，探究交通部作為公部門如何基於交通領域特性設計資料平臺營運模式，以促進資料共享目標及組織永續營運，作為後續期望以資料平臺促進資料共享達成數位治理與數位經濟之單位參考。本研究為探索性個案研究，以TDX資料平臺為個案，從資料共享政策措施的選擇以及永續營運目的的政策行動規劃兩角度分析，採取次級資料分析及半結構式訪談。先檢閱英美交通領域資料資料平臺以及TDX資料平臺相關資料，爾後訪談TDX平臺決策者、平臺經營規劃者，還有TDX交通運輸旅運資料生態系內參與TDX創新服務驗證計畫（TDX驗證案）並同時涉及與TDX資料平臺有直接交易或使用資料關係的資料加值服務提供者。這些資料加值服務提供者與分別TDX驗證案中的推動企業策略合作與試營運有價服務子計畫（TDX營運案）、建立數據創新育成發展環境子計畫（TDX育才案）有關。本研究結果顯示TDX資料平臺基於公共運輸旅運資料標準搭配各式不同資料加值服務的功能模組多元拓展其服務範圍，其中就有包含TDX公部門資料加值服務以及TDX私部門資料市集服務等兩類TDX較核心的資料服務。TDX營運案是對B2B商業模式的驗證，分別在智販機選址與停車場資料有初步成果，而合作廠商也表示對學術成果商品化不對等競爭以及政府資料開放服務造成資料加值服務失去購買誘因等擔憂。TDX育才案則是對B2B2C商業模式的驗證，在資料應用競賽方面，業師制度受到競賽參賽者的肯定，但競賽參與者也提出對於競賽長期育成以及有效育成的期許。
With the development of information and communication technology, the data service industry using data to drive innovation, has gradually emerged. Transport Data eXchange (TDX), as a data platform for public transport data in the field of transportation, does not only provide one-stop public transport open data services and continue to promote the development of public transport data applications, but also engage with the private sector by data marketplace services to facilitate public and private sector data sharing and collaboration.This thesis takes TDX as a case study to explore how the Ministry of Transportation and Communications (MOTC), as a public sector, designs the data platform operation model based on the characteristics of the transportation field to promote data sharing goals and organize sustainable operations for institutions that expect to use the platform to promote data sharing to achieve digital governance and digital economy. The thesis analyzes TDX based on two perspectives, the choice of data sharing policy measures and the policy action planning for the purpose of sustainable operation. The research methods include secondary data analysis and semi-structured interviews.The results show that TDX expands its service scope based on public transport data standards and various functional modules of different data value-added services, including two core data services: TDX public sector data value-added services, and TDX private sector data marketplace services. The TDX Application Plan is a validation of the B2B business model and it provides data services such as location selection of smart vending machines and parking lot information. The operator of the TDX Application Plan also expressed concern about unequal competition about the commercialization of academic achievements and the loss of purchase incentives for data value-added services caused by government open data services. The TDX Startup Plan is a validation of the B2B2C business model. In TDX data contest, the mentor system of the contest has been affirmed by the contest participants, but the contest participants also put forward their expectations for the long-term and effective cultivation after the contest.參考文獻 一、 中文文獻王健全、林宜蓁（2017）數位經濟發展趨勢及其對臺灣影響。台灣勞工季刊，52，4-15。王穆衡、李霞、王國琛、陳信邦、江長穎、吳怡潔、 郭姿岑 （2018）。公共運輸整合資訊流通服務平臺發展。土木水利，45（2）， 4-17。交通部（2019）。交通部公共運輸整合資訊流通服務平臺擴充及維運計畫(三)期末報告書。交通部。 2021年6月13日，檢自：https://www.motc.gov.tw/uploaddowndoc?file=technology/202002101134560.pdf&filedisplay=108%E5%B9%B4PTX%E6%9C%9F%E6%9C%AB%E5%A0%B1%E5%91%8A_20191211.pdf&flag=doc。行政院科技會報辦公室（2022）。智慧國家方案(2021-2025年) 2021年階段成果報告。行政院科技會辦公室（2021）。數位國家．創新經濟發展方案 2017年至2020年階段性成果報告。李亦晴（2020）。數據平台帶動智慧交通新應用。財團法人資訊工業策進會。郭唐帷（2020）。全球交通大數據平台標竿案例分析。財團法人資訊工業策進會。陳志宇（2019）。推動數位經濟發展之通訊傳播匯流政策及法制革新計劃-促進資料自由流通機制及應用趨勢研究計畫（編號：Y107-A1）。臺北市：國家通訊傳播委員會。曾憲立、廖興中、蕭乃沂（2021）。資料深化應用與市集機制之研析（編號：NDC-MIS-109-002），臺北市，國家發展委員會。黃心怡、蘇彩足、蕭乃沂（2016）。再探開放政府資料的政策與發展。國土及公共治理季刊，4(4)，18-28。黃昭謀（2015）。新自由主義下開放（政府）資料與商品化的困境分析。圖書館學與資訊科學，41(1)，4-17。經濟部工業局（2020）。資料服務產業 2021-2023專業人才需求推估調查。上網日期2021年10月29日，檢自：https://ws.ndc.gov.tw/001/administrator/18/relfile/6037/9070/2507acfe-ede7-45fa-9f7b-306963c0178d.pdf.資拓宏宇（2022）。智慧交通大數據基礎建設及應用服務計畫(I)。交通部。 2022年5月30日，檢自：https://www.motc.gov.tw/ch/app/data/view?module=technology&id=714&serno=202205240001趙祖佑、周駿呈、涂家瑋（2015）。物聯網應用發展趨勢與商機─資料經濟篇。經濟部技術處。蘇文彬 （2021）。 匯整交通數據打造資料流通平臺，交通部要建立資料共享生態圈。2021年4月15日。檢自： https://www.ithome.com.tw/people/143744。二、西文文獻Abbas, A. E., Agahari, W., Van de Ven, M., Zuiderwijk, A., & De Reuver, M. (2021). Business data sharing through data marketplaces: A systematic literature review. Journal of Theoretical and Applied Electronic Commerce Research, 16(7), 3321-3339.Donker, F.W. (2016). From Access to Re-use: A user`s perspective on public sector availability.Eckartz, S., Hofman, W.J., & Veenstra, A.F. (2014). A Decision Model for Data Sharing. International Conference on Electronic Government.European Commission (2018), Towards a common European Data Space, Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions COM(2018)232 finalFigueredo, K., Seed, D., & Subotic, V. (2020). Preparing for highly scalable and replicable IoT systems. IEEE Internet of Things Magazine, 3(3), 94-98.Frischmann, B.M. (2012). 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(2020) Governance, Trust and Smart City Business Models: the Path to Maturity for Urban Data PlatformsWelle Donker, F. (2018). Funding Open Data. Open Data Exposed, 55–78. T.M.C. Asser Press. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-6265-261-3_4Zheng, X., Chen, W., Wang, P., Shen, D., Chen, S., Wang, X., Zhang, Q., & Yang, L. (2016). Big Data for Social Transportation. IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems, 17(3), 620–630. 描述 碩士
國立政治大學
公共行政學系
107256027資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0107256027 資料類型 thesis dc.contributor.advisor 蕭乃沂 zh_TW dc.contributor.advisor Hsiao, Nai-Yi en_US dc.contributor.author (Authors) 曾逸信 zh_TW dc.contributor.author (Authors) Tseng, Yi-Hsin en_US dc.creator (作者) 曾逸信 zh_TW dc.creator (作者) Tseng, Yi-Hsin en_US dc.date (日期) 2023 en_US dc.date.accessioned 9-Mar-2023 18:35:52 (UTC+8) - dc.date.available 9-Mar-2023 18:35:52 (UTC+8) - dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 9-Mar-2023 18:35:52 (UTC+8) - dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0107256027 en_US dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/143829 - dc.description (描述) 碩士 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 公共行政學系 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 107256027 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) 隨著近年資通訊科技的發展，以資料驅動創新的資料服務產業逐漸興起。交通部運輸資料流通服務平臺（TDX）作為交通領域公共運輸旅運資料的資料平臺，除了提供一站式公共運輸旅運資料開放服務，持續推動公共運輸旅運資料應用發展外，也提供TDX私部門資料市集服務，以利於公私部門資料共享協作。本研究以TDX為個案，探究交通部作為公部門如何基於交通領域特性設計資料平臺營運模式，以促進資料共享目標及組織永續營運，作為後續期望以資料平臺促進資料共享達成數位治理與數位經濟之單位參考。本研究為探索性個案研究，以TDX資料平臺為個案，從資料共享政策措施的選擇以及永續營運目的的政策行動規劃兩角度分析，採取次級資料分析及半結構式訪談。先檢閱英美交通領域資料資料平臺以及TDX資料平臺相關資料，爾後訪談TDX平臺決策者、平臺經營規劃者，還有TDX交通運輸旅運資料生態系內參與TDX創新服務驗證計畫（TDX驗證案）並同時涉及與TDX資料平臺有直接交易或使用資料關係的資料加值服務提供者。這些資料加值服務提供者與分別TDX驗證案中的推動企業策略合作與試營運有價服務子計畫（TDX營運案）、建立數據創新育成發展環境子計畫（TDX育才案）有關。本研究結果顯示TDX資料平臺基於公共運輸旅運資料標準搭配各式不同資料加值服務的功能模組多元拓展其服務範圍，其中就有包含TDX公部門資料加值服務以及TDX私部門資料市集服務等兩類TDX較核心的資料服務。TDX營運案是對B2B商業模式的驗證，分別在智販機選址與停車場資料有初步成果，而合作廠商也表示對學術成果商品化不對等競爭以及政府資料開放服務造成資料加值服務失去購買誘因等擔憂。TDX育才案則是對B2B2C商業模式的驗證，在資料應用競賽方面，業師制度受到競賽參賽者的肯定，但競賽參與者也提出對於競賽長期育成以及有效育成的期許。 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) With the development of information and communication technology, the data service industry using data to drive innovation, has gradually emerged. Transport Data eXchange (TDX), as a data platform for public transport data in the field of transportation, does not only provide one-stop public transport open data services and continue to promote the development of public transport data applications, but also engage with the private sector by data marketplace services to facilitate public and private sector data sharing and collaboration.This thesis takes TDX as a case study to explore how the Ministry of Transportation and Communications (MOTC), as a public sector, designs the data platform operation model based on the characteristics of the transportation field to promote data sharing goals and organize sustainable operations for institutions that expect to use the platform to promote data sharing to achieve digital governance and digital economy. The thesis analyzes TDX based on two perspectives, the choice of data sharing policy measures and the policy action planning for the purpose of sustainable operation. The research methods include secondary data analysis and semi-structured interviews.The results show that TDX expands its service scope based on public transport data standards and various functional modules of different data value-added services, including two core data services: TDX public sector data value-added services, and TDX private sector data marketplace services. The TDX Application Plan is a validation of the B2B business model and it provides data services such as location selection of smart vending machines and parking lot information. The operator of the TDX Application Plan also expressed concern about unequal competition about the commercialization of academic achievements and the loss of purchase incentives for data value-added services caused by government open data services. The TDX Startup Plan is a validation of the B2B2C business model. In TDX data contest, the mentor system of the contest has been affirmed by the contest participants, but the contest participants also put forward their expectations for the long-term and effective cultivation after the contest. en_US dc.description.tableofcontents 第一章 緒論 1第一節 研究背景 1第二節 研究動機 2第三節 研究目的 3第四節 名詞解釋 4第二章 文獻回顧 7第一節 交通運輸資料流通服務平臺（TDX）個案簡介 7第二節 資料共享政策及交通資料生態系 14第三節 資料共享問題與交通資料平臺難處 27第四節 交通資料平臺營運模式 32第五節 政府資料平臺可持續性營運模式 38第三章 研究設計 46第一節 研究架構 46第二節 研究方法 48第三節 研究流程 49第四章 研究分析 55第一節 TDX資料共享政策目的下政策措施選擇 56第二節 TDX永續營運目標下技術及組織面的契合度 68第三節 TDX營運案B2B模式 71第四節 TDX育才案B2B2C模式 78第五節 綜合分析 87第五章 結論與建議 90第一節 研究發現 90第二節 政策建議 91第三節 研究建議 94參考文獻 96 zh_TW dc.format.extent 8904729 bytes - dc.format.mimetype application/pdf - dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0107256027 en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) 資料市集 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 營運模式 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 資料共享 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 交通運輸 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) TDX zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) Data marketplace en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Business model en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Data sharing en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Transportation en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) TDX en_US dc.title (題名) 政府資料經濟生態系之營運模式探究—以交通部運輸資料流通服務平臺（TDX）為個案 zh_TW dc.title (題名) Business Model for the Government Data Economy Ecosystem: A Case Study of Transport Data eXchange (TDX) of the Ministry of Transportation and Communications en_US dc.type (資料類型) thesis en_US dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 一、 中文文獻王健全、林宜蓁（2017）數位經濟發展趨勢及其對臺灣影響。台灣勞工季刊，52，4-15。王穆衡、李霞、王國琛、陳信邦、江長穎、吳怡潔、 郭姿岑 （2018）。公共運輸整合資訊流通服務平臺發展。土木水利，45（2）， 4-17。交通部（2019）。交通部公共運輸整合資訊流通服務平臺擴充及維運計畫(三)期末報告書。交通部。 2021年6月13日，檢自：https://www.motc.gov.tw/uploaddowndoc?file=technology/202002101134560.pdf&filedisplay=108%E5%B9%B4PTX%E6%9C%9F%E6%9C%AB%E5%A0%B1%E5%91%8A_20191211.pdf&flag=doc。行政院科技會報辦公室（2022）。智慧國家方案(2021-2025年) 2021年階段成果報告。行政院科技會辦公室（2021）。數位國家．創新經濟發展方案 2017年至2020年階段性成果報告。李亦晴（2020）。數據平台帶動智慧交通新應用。財團法人資訊工業策進會。郭唐帷（2020）。全球交通大數據平台標竿案例分析。財團法人資訊工業策進會。陳志宇（2019）。推動數位經濟發展之通訊傳播匯流政策及法制革新計劃-促進資料自由流通機制及應用趨勢研究計畫（編號：Y107-A1）。臺北市：國家通訊傳播委員會。曾憲立、廖興中、蕭乃沂（2021）。資料深化應用與市集機制之研析（編號：NDC-MIS-109-002），臺北市，國家發展委員會。黃心怡、蘇彩足、蕭乃沂（2016）。再探開放政府資料的政策與發展。國土及公共治理季刊，4(4)，18-28。黃昭謀（2015）。新自由主義下開放（政府）資料與商品化的困境分析。圖書館學與資訊科學，41(1)，4-17。經濟部工業局（2020）。資料服務產業 2021-2023專業人才需求推估調查。上網日期2021年10月29日，檢自：https://ws.ndc.gov.tw/001/administrator/18/relfile/6037/9070/2507acfe-ede7-45fa-9f7b-306963c0178d.pdf.資拓宏宇（2022）。智慧交通大數據基礎建設及應用服務計畫(I)。交通部。 2022年5月30日，檢自：https://www.motc.gov.tw/ch/app/data/view?module=technology&id=714&serno=202205240001趙祖佑、周駿呈、涂家瑋（2015）。物聯網應用發展趨勢與商機─資料經濟篇。經濟部技術處。蘇文彬 （2021）。 匯整交通數據打造資料流通平臺，交通部要建立資料共享生態圈。2021年4月15日。檢自： https://www.ithome.com.tw/people/143744。二、西文文獻Abbas, A. 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