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題名 在墮落的世界尋求救贖： 論尼采哲學中的類基督教敘事
Fall, Redemption and the Human Condition: On the quasi-Christian Narrative in Nietzsche’s Philosophy
作者 吳政諭
Wu, Cheng-Yu
貢獻者 葉浩
吳政諭
Wu, Cheng-Yu
關鍵詞 救贖論
美學形上學
求力意志
系譜學
耶穌
永劫回歸
Soteriology
Aesthetic metaphysics
Will to power
Genealogy
Jesus
Eternal recurrence
日期 2023
上傳時間 9-Mar-2023 18:41:33 (UTC+8)
摘要 　　一個普遍存在於對尼采哲學的理解的共識似乎是：在「上帝已死」的世界，如何創造肯定人自身及其身處世界的價值；基督教不僅是已被遺棄的信仰，連帶與其關聯的思想，都應被丟棄。自此，基督教成了尼采哲學中最主要的敵人，無論是其思想上終其一生的對手－－柏拉圖、康德、叔本華等，或是其生命中不斷與之角力的對象－－華格納、尼采的母親和妹妹等，至終都可被化約為某些基督教精神的側面。即便基督教在尼采的思想中佔據顯著的份量，卻被多數論者僅視作某種約定俗成的概念，似乎僅憑對其概括式的理解，便可將尼采一生與之戰鬥的敵手趕下舞台，而無神論的學者們成為台上唯一的舞者，在尼采的思想中生硬的起舞。如同「上帝已死」的預言所示：是瘋子宣告了「上帝已死」，而在市場遊蕩行走的現代人對這一宣告毫無反應：瘋子為了你我的日常而大驚小怪，彷彿牛頓為了一顆從樹上掉落的蘋果而驚奇不已。

　　本文採取詮釋尼采的路徑將一反上述「去基督教」或「去宗教」的解讀，除了呈現尼采對基督教思想的挪用、轉化，甚至賦予其新解；更重要的是，藉由墮落與救贖敘事的呈現，論證尼采的思想表面上雖是反基督教，但實際上仍舊未跳脫出基督教的思想。本文將論證，尼采的哲學本質上仍是作為基督教思想的一種展現形式並回應在該思想中核心的問題意識：人的墮落與救贖的可能。本文將以此墮落與救贖的敘事版本為切入點，呈現尼采回應救贖論的不同面向，藉以呈現其哲學與基督教思想的多重對話關係。第一個面向體現為，以尼采在《悲劇的誕生》中發展「美學形上學」的概念為主，藉由重構阿波羅（日神）式的藝術與戴奧尼索斯（酒神）式的藝術及其聯繫，體現尼采將主體觀看藝術的過程理解為與「太一」融合，並藉由觀者體現「孩童嬉戲」的隱喻，論證此層面尼采所發展出的救贖論範式。第二個面向體現尼采對「自然」以及將「自我」視為創造的對象的理解。藉由對求力意志的建構，同時將其視為對自然內在規律的形上學式的說明，及以此為基礎進一步體現尼采是如何透過「求力之意志」的建構，同時將自然轉化為形上學的實在與作為價值的根據。其次，本部分將與尼采強調對自我陶冶的美學技藝，論證價值創造應用的第二個層面。就此層面而言，尼采將「園藝」視為陶冶自我「第二性」的美學技藝，此亦同時作為「求力之意志」聯結自然與價值領域的體現。而尼采藉由詮釋自然而轉化自然的觀點，同樣與救贖論具有相互對照之處。第三個面向體現為尼采以系譜學的方法，將基督教的精神世界視為墮落的主要根源，本文也據此歸結出尼采建構的救贖途徑，藉由尼采對耶穌的行動的價值重估所呈現其愛命運的意義，以及以「永劫回歸」作為對基督教墮落精神——以「憎恨」為核心，的回應與超越，建構尼采出自「意願過去」的弔詭宣告，作為重建使人從基督教的精神中解放的途徑。
It seems natural to ignore the concept of Christianity when interpreting Nietzsche’s thought, since it has functioned in Nietzsche’s thinking as the object of critique which should be overcome. But paradoxically, Nietzsche had not disregarded the concept as subordinated to his positive philosophical projects either by pass it like much of Nietzsche’s scholars consciously do. In this thesis, I will argue that it is pivotal to understand Nietzsche’s philosophy without dismissing his understanding of Christian (or Judaeo-Christian) thoughts, furthermore, it is also critical to see how Nietzsche had constructed his philosophy in terms of parodying, criticising, and transforming Christian thoughts. To disentangle and explore how the concept of Christian thoughts function in Nietzsche’s thinking, the thesis will argue that the antithesis Nietzsche took it has a specific contour, and much of Nietzsche’s critique has focused on the Christian concept of ‘soteriology’. In order to give detailed account of how Nietzsche constructed this idea of Christianity and how it effects on Nietzsche’s philosophical project, I will present three perspectives inherent in Nietzsche’s thinking as responding to soteriological problematic concerns: his aesthetic metaphysics, his revaluation of naturalised account of will to power, and his aesthetic understanding of cultivating the self. Through these three modules we could see how the specific conception of Christianity function in Nietzsche’s thought; and more importantly, it prepares the ground for us to understand how his own positive philosophical projects, such as his genealogical studies, his idea of amor fati and eternal recurrence will shed the new light if we link these concepts to his later revaluations of Jesus and the whole Judaeo-Christian history.
參考文獻 外文書籍與專書文章：（按作者姓名字母順序排列）
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外文期刊論文：（按作者姓名字母順序排列）
Anderson, R. Lanier 2005: ‘Nietzsche on Truth, Illusion, and Redemption’. European Journal of Philosophy, 13(2), pp. 185-225.
Brobjer, Thomas H. 2010: ‘The Origin and Early Context of the Revaluation Theme in Nietzsche’s Thinking’. The Journal of Nietzsche Studies, 39(1), pp. 12-29.
Creasy, Kaitlyn 2018: ‘On the Problem of Affective Nihilism’. The Journal of Nietzsche Studies, 49(1), pp. 31-51.
de Man, Paul 1972: ‘Genesis and Genealogy in Nietzsche’s The Birth of Tragedy’. Diacritics, 2(4), pp. 44-53.
Dill, Matt 2017: ‘On Parasitism and Overflow in Nietzsche’s Doctrine of Will’. The Journal of Nietzsche Studies, 48(2), pp. 190-218.
Domino, Brian 2012: ‘Nietzsche’s Use of Amor Fati in Ecce Homo’. The Journal of Nietzsche Studies, vol. 43, pp. 283-303.
Franco, Paul 2018: ‘Becoming Who You Are: Nietzsche on Self-Creation’. The Journal of Nietzsche Studies, 49(1), pp. 52-77.
Gillespie, Michael Allen 2018: ‘On Debt and Redemption: Friedrich Nietzsche’s Doctrine of Eternal Recurrence’. Journal of Religious Ethics, 46(2), pp. 267-87.
Han-Pile, Béatrice 2009: ‘Nietzsche and Amor Fati’. European Journal of Philosophy, 19(2), pp. 224-61.
Hatab, Lawrence J. 2008: ‘How does the Ascetic Ideal function in Nietzsche’s Genealogy’. The Journal of Nietzsche Studies, vol. 35, pp. 106-23.
Henrich, Albert 1984: ‘Loss of Self, Suffering, Violence: The Modern View of Dionysus from Nietzsche to Girard’. Harvard Studies in Classical Philosophy, vol 88, pp. 205-40.
Janaway, Christopher 2017: ‘On the Very Idea of “Justifying Suffering”’. The Journal of Nietzsche Studies, 48(2), pp. 152-70.
Katsafanas, Paul 2011: ‘Deriving Ethics from Action: A Nietzschean Version of Constitutivism’. Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 83(3), pp. 620-60.
May, Simon 2015: ‘Nietzsche on Love and the Affirmation of Life’. Iyyun: The Jerusalem Philosophical Quarterly, 64(July), pp. 264-76.
Mitchell, Jonathan 2016: ‘Nietzschean Self-Overcoming’. The Journal of Nietzsche Studies, 47(3), pp. 323-50.
Owen, David 2002: ‘Criticism and Captivity: On Genealogy and Critical Theory’. European Journal of Philosophy, 10(2), pp. 216-30.
Prinz, Jesse 2016: ‘Genealogies of Morals: Nietzsche’s Method Compared’. The Journal of Nietzsche Studies, 47(2), pp. 180-201.
Reginster, Bernard 1997: ‘Nietzsche on Ressentiment and Valuation’. Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 57(2), pp. 281-305.
Ridley, Aaron 2005: ‘Nietzsche and the Re-Evaluation of Values’. Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society (New Series), vol. 105, pp. 155-75.
Risse, Mathias 2001: ‘The Second Treatise in On the Genealogy of Morality: Nietzsche on the Origin of the Bad Conscience’. European Journal of Philosophy, 9(1), pp. 55-81.
Robertson, Simon 2009: ‘Nietzsche’s Ethical Revaluation’. The Journal of Nietzsche Studies, vol. 37, pp. 66-90.
Saar, Martin 2002: ‘Genealogy and Subjectivity’. European Journal of Philosophy, 10(2), pp. 231-45.
Siemens, Herman 2015: ‘Agonal Writing: towards an agonal model for critical transvaluation’. Journal of philosophy, 2015(3), pp. 10-29.
Smith, John E. 1969: ‘Time, Times, and the “Right Time”; Chronos and Kairos’. The Monist, 53(1), pp. 1-13.
Srinivasan, Amia 2019: ‘Genealogy, Epistemology and Worldmaking’. Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society, vol. 130, pp. 127-56.
Stern, Tom 2011: ‘Back to the Future: Eternal Recurrence and the Death of Socrates’. The Journal of Nietzsche Studies, vol. 41, pp. 73-82.
Stern, Tom 2013: ‘Nietzsche, “Amor Fati and “The Gay Science”’. Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society, vol. 113, pp. 145-62.
Strong, Tracy 2013: ‘In Defense of Rhetoric: or how hard it is to take a writer seriously: the case of Nietzsche’. Political Theory, 41(4), pp. 507-32.
Ure, Michael 2006: ‘The Irony of Pity: Nietzsche contra Schopenhauer and Rousseau’. The Journal of Nietzsche Studies, vol. 32, pp. 68-91.

中文書籍與專書文章：（按作者姓氏筆劃數排列）
吳增定 (2014)。吳增定讀尼采：《敵基督者》講稿。香港：香港中文大學出版。
葉　浩 (2018)。一位「敵基督」哲人朝向命運嘶聲吶喊的另類「阿們！」。在尼采著，瞧，這個人──人如何成為其所是，孫周興譯。臺北：大家出版。頁7—41。

中文期刊文章：（按作者姓氏筆劃數排列）
黃麗綺 (2012)。從「虛無」到「笑」──論尼采「永恆回歸」之概念。國立臺灣大學哲學論，43，41-80。
劉滄龍 (2018)。論尼采的美學自由。國立臺灣大學哲學論，56，1-38。

中文博碩士論文：（按作者姓氏筆劃數排列）
黃子軒 (2008)。尼采在《敵基督者》中的耶穌學策略〔未出版之碩士論文〕。中原大學宗教研究所。指導教授：曾慶豹。
https://hdl.handle.net/11296/md494d
描述 博士
國立政治大學
政治學系
102252503
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0102252503
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 葉浩zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 吳政諭zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) Wu, Cheng-Yuen_US
dc.creator (作者) 吳政諭zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) Wu, Cheng-Yuen_US
dc.date (日期) 2023en_US
dc.date.accessioned 9-Mar-2023 18:41:33 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 9-Mar-2023 18:41:33 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 9-Mar-2023 18:41:33 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0102252503en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/143854-
dc.description (描述) 博士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 政治學系zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 102252503zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 　　一個普遍存在於對尼采哲學的理解的共識似乎是：在「上帝已死」的世界，如何創造肯定人自身及其身處世界的價值；基督教不僅是已被遺棄的信仰，連帶與其關聯的思想，都應被丟棄。自此，基督教成了尼采哲學中最主要的敵人，無論是其思想上終其一生的對手－－柏拉圖、康德、叔本華等，或是其生命中不斷與之角力的對象－－華格納、尼采的母親和妹妹等，至終都可被化約為某些基督教精神的側面。即便基督教在尼采的思想中佔據顯著的份量，卻被多數論者僅視作某種約定俗成的概念，似乎僅憑對其概括式的理解，便可將尼采一生與之戰鬥的敵手趕下舞台，而無神論的學者們成為台上唯一的舞者，在尼采的思想中生硬的起舞。如同「上帝已死」的預言所示：是瘋子宣告了「上帝已死」，而在市場遊蕩行走的現代人對這一宣告毫無反應：瘋子為了你我的日常而大驚小怪，彷彿牛頓為了一顆從樹上掉落的蘋果而驚奇不已。

　　本文採取詮釋尼采的路徑將一反上述「去基督教」或「去宗教」的解讀，除了呈現尼采對基督教思想的挪用、轉化，甚至賦予其新解；更重要的是，藉由墮落與救贖敘事的呈現，論證尼采的思想表面上雖是反基督教，但實際上仍舊未跳脫出基督教的思想。本文將論證，尼采的哲學本質上仍是作為基督教思想的一種展現形式並回應在該思想中核心的問題意識：人的墮落與救贖的可能。本文將以此墮落與救贖的敘事版本為切入點，呈現尼采回應救贖論的不同面向，藉以呈現其哲學與基督教思想的多重對話關係。第一個面向體現為，以尼采在《悲劇的誕生》中發展「美學形上學」的概念為主，藉由重構阿波羅（日神）式的藝術與戴奧尼索斯（酒神）式的藝術及其聯繫，體現尼采將主體觀看藝術的過程理解為與「太一」融合，並藉由觀者體現「孩童嬉戲」的隱喻，論證此層面尼采所發展出的救贖論範式。第二個面向體現尼采對「自然」以及將「自我」視為創造的對象的理解。藉由對求力意志的建構，同時將其視為對自然內在規律的形上學式的說明，及以此為基礎進一步體現尼采是如何透過「求力之意志」的建構，同時將自然轉化為形上學的實在與作為價值的根據。其次，本部分將與尼采強調對自我陶冶的美學技藝，論證價值創造應用的第二個層面。就此層面而言，尼采將「園藝」視為陶冶自我「第二性」的美學技藝，此亦同時作為「求力之意志」聯結自然與價值領域的體現。而尼采藉由詮釋自然而轉化自然的觀點，同樣與救贖論具有相互對照之處。第三個面向體現為尼采以系譜學的方法，將基督教的精神世界視為墮落的主要根源，本文也據此歸結出尼采建構的救贖途徑，藉由尼采對耶穌的行動的價值重估所呈現其愛命運的意義，以及以「永劫回歸」作為對基督教墮落精神——以「憎恨」為核心，的回應與超越，建構尼采出自「意願過去」的弔詭宣告，作為重建使人從基督教的精神中解放的途徑。		zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) It seems natural to ignore the concept of Christianity when interpreting Nietzsche’s thought, since it has functioned in Nietzsche’s thinking as the object of critique which should be overcome. But paradoxically, Nietzsche had not disregarded the concept as subordinated to his positive philosophical projects either by pass it like much of Nietzsche’s scholars consciously do. In this thesis, I will argue that it is pivotal to understand Nietzsche’s philosophy without dismissing his understanding of Christian (or Judaeo-Christian) thoughts, furthermore, it is also critical to see how Nietzsche had constructed his philosophy in terms of parodying, criticising, and transforming Christian thoughts. To disentangle and explore how the concept of Christian thoughts function in Nietzsche’s thinking, the thesis will argue that the antithesis Nietzsche took it has a specific contour, and much of Nietzsche’s critique has focused on the Christian concept of ‘soteriology’. In order to give detailed account of how Nietzsche constructed this idea of Christianity and how it effects on Nietzsche’s philosophical project, I will present three perspectives inherent in Nietzsche’s thinking as responding to soteriological problematic concerns: his aesthetic metaphysics, his revaluation of naturalised account of will to power, and his aesthetic understanding of cultivating the self. Through these three modules we could see how the specific conception of Christianity function in Nietzsche’s thought; and more importantly, it prepares the ground for us to understand how his own positive philosophical projects, such as his genealogical studies, his idea of amor fati and eternal recurrence will shed the new light if we link these concepts to his later revaluations of Jesus and the whole Judaeo-Christian history.en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents 第一章 導論：「戴奧尼索斯對抗釘十字架者」…………………………….…...10
　
第一節 尼采反基督教？…………………………………………………….….10
第二節 尼采思想中的基督教：神義論與救贖論…………………………..…17
第三節 「丟開我，尋求你們自己吧」……………………………………..…25
第四節 尼采思想中的類基督教敘事………………………………………..…32

第二章 「唯有作為美學的現象，存在與世界才被賦予充分的意義」……..…43

　第一節：真理與日神的幻覺世界……………………………………………..…45
　第二節：美學形上學：酒神的美學體驗……………………………………..…54
　第三節：酒神的救贖－－基督教觀點的考察……………………………….….63
　第四節：藝術作為救贖：尼采「真理」思想的轉變………………………..…71

第三章 「世界像一座花園在恭候你的光臨」……………………………….….78

　第一節：對自然的創造與詮釋：求力的意志………………………………….80
　第二節：創造自然的價值……………………………………………………….88
　第三節：陶冶與療癒的技藝…………………………………………………….94
　第四節：花園與聖城……………………………………………………………101

第四章 「我們從來不去尋找我們自己」………………………………………110

　第一節：猶太－－基督教的起源：兩種神的概念……………………………112
　第二節：猶太－－基督教的革命：憎恨與救贖的內在暴力…………………119
　第三節：「自己將自己釘在十字架上」………………………………………..125

第五章 「捎來好信息者的對立面」……………………………………………133

　第一節：基督教的另類起源：尼采思想中的兩種基督（教）………………133
　第二節：尼采與勒南：尋找歷史上的耶穌……………………………………139
　第三節：從基督教拯救「耶穌」………………………………………………144
　第四節：尼采與耶穌對世界齊聲的「阿們」：「純真的愛」與「熱愛命運」148

第六章 終局：「如果你這麼想，你就已經是在樂園，你也是神的孩子」….154

　第一節：「拯救過去」與孩童般的新生………………………………………..156
　第二節：永劫回歸與基督的再來………………………………………………163

參考文獻……………………………………………………………………………166		zh_TW
dc.format.extent 3851655 bytes-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0102252503en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 救贖論zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 美學形上學zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 求力意志zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 系譜學zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 耶穌zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 永劫回歸zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Soteriologyen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Aesthetic metaphysicsen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Will to poweren_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Genealogyen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Jesusen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Eternal recurrenceen_US
dc.title (題名) 在墮落的世界尋求救贖： 論尼采哲學中的類基督教敘事zh_TW
dc.title (題名) Fall, Redemption and the Human Condition: On the quasi-Christian Narrative in Nietzsche’s Philosophyen_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen_US
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 外文書籍與專書文章：（按作者姓名字母順序排列）
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外文期刊論文：（按作者姓名字母順序排列）
Anderson, R. Lanier 2005: ‘Nietzsche on Truth, Illusion, and Redemption’. European Journal of Philosophy, 13(2), pp. 185-225.
Brobjer, Thomas H. 2010: ‘The Origin and Early Context of the Revaluation Theme in Nietzsche’s Thinking’. The Journal of Nietzsche Studies, 39(1), pp. 12-29.
Creasy, Kaitlyn 2018: ‘On the Problem of Affective Nihilism’. The Journal of Nietzsche Studies, 49(1), pp. 31-51.
de Man, Paul 1972: ‘Genesis and Genealogy in Nietzsche’s The Birth of Tragedy’. Diacritics, 2(4), pp. 44-53.
Dill, Matt 2017: ‘On Parasitism and Overflow in Nietzsche’s Doctrine of Will’. The Journal of Nietzsche Studies, 48(2), pp. 190-218.
Domino, Brian 2012: ‘Nietzsche’s Use of Amor Fati in Ecce Homo’. The Journal of Nietzsche Studies, vol. 43, pp. 283-303.
Franco, Paul 2018: ‘Becoming Who You Are: Nietzsche on Self-Creation’. The Journal of Nietzsche Studies, 49(1), pp. 52-77.
Gillespie, Michael Allen 2018: ‘On Debt and Redemption: Friedrich Nietzsche’s Doctrine of Eternal Recurrence’. Journal of Religious Ethics, 46(2), pp. 267-87.
Han-Pile, Béatrice 2009: ‘Nietzsche and Amor Fati’. European Journal of Philosophy, 19(2), pp. 224-61.
Hatab, Lawrence J. 2008: ‘How does the Ascetic Ideal function in Nietzsche’s Genealogy’. The Journal of Nietzsche Studies, vol. 35, pp. 106-23.
Henrich, Albert 1984: ‘Loss of Self, Suffering, Violence: The Modern View of Dionysus from Nietzsche to Girard’. Harvard Studies in Classical Philosophy, vol 88, pp. 205-40.
Janaway, Christopher 2017: ‘On the Very Idea of “Justifying Suffering”’. The Journal of Nietzsche Studies, 48(2), pp. 152-70.
Katsafanas, Paul 2011: ‘Deriving Ethics from Action: A Nietzschean Version of Constitutivism’. Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 83(3), pp. 620-60.
May, Simon 2015: ‘Nietzsche on Love and the Affirmation of Life’. Iyyun: The Jerusalem Philosophical Quarterly, 64(July), pp. 264-76.
Mitchell, Jonathan 2016: ‘Nietzschean Self-Overcoming’. The Journal of Nietzsche Studies, 47(3), pp. 323-50.
Owen, David 2002: ‘Criticism and Captivity: On Genealogy and Critical Theory’. European Journal of Philosophy, 10(2), pp. 216-30.
Prinz, Jesse 2016: ‘Genealogies of Morals: Nietzsche’s Method Compared’. The Journal of Nietzsche Studies, 47(2), pp. 180-201.
Reginster, Bernard 1997: ‘Nietzsche on Ressentiment and Valuation’. Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 57(2), pp. 281-305.
Ridley, Aaron 2005: ‘Nietzsche and the Re-Evaluation of Values’. Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society (New Series), vol. 105, pp. 155-75.
Risse, Mathias 2001: ‘The Second Treatise in On the Genealogy of Morality: Nietzsche on the Origin of the Bad Conscience’. European Journal of Philosophy, 9(1), pp. 55-81.
Robertson, Simon 2009: ‘Nietzsche’s Ethical Revaluation’. The Journal of Nietzsche Studies, vol. 37, pp. 66-90.
Saar, Martin 2002: ‘Genealogy and Subjectivity’. European Journal of Philosophy, 10(2), pp. 231-45.
Siemens, Herman 2015: ‘Agonal Writing: towards an agonal model for critical transvaluation’. Journal of philosophy, 2015(3), pp. 10-29.
Smith, John E. 1969: ‘Time, Times, and the “Right Time”; Chronos and Kairos’. The Monist, 53(1), pp. 1-13.
Srinivasan, Amia 2019: ‘Genealogy, Epistemology and Worldmaking’. Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society, vol. 130, pp. 127-56.
Stern, Tom 2011: ‘Back to the Future: Eternal Recurrence and the Death of Socrates’. The Journal of Nietzsche Studies, vol. 41, pp. 73-82.
Stern, Tom 2013: ‘Nietzsche, “Amor Fati and “The Gay Science”’. Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society, vol. 113, pp. 145-62.
Strong, Tracy 2013: ‘In Defense of Rhetoric: or how hard it is to take a writer seriously: the case of Nietzsche’. Political Theory, 41(4), pp. 507-32.
Ure, Michael 2006: ‘The Irony of Pity: Nietzsche contra Schopenhauer and Rousseau’. The Journal of Nietzsche Studies, vol. 32, pp. 68-91.

中文書籍與專書文章：（按作者姓氏筆劃數排列）
吳增定 (2014)。吳增定讀尼采：《敵基督者》講稿。香港：香港中文大學出版。
葉　浩 (2018)。一位「敵基督」哲人朝向命運嘶聲吶喊的另類「阿們！」。在尼采著，瞧，這個人──人如何成為其所是，孫周興譯。臺北：大家出版。頁7—41。

中文期刊文章：（按作者姓氏筆劃數排列）
黃麗綺 (2012)。從「虛無」到「笑」──論尼采「永恆回歸」之概念。國立臺灣大學哲學論，43，41-80。
劉滄龍 (2018)。論尼采的美學自由。國立臺灣大學哲學論，56，1-38。

中文博碩士論文：（按作者姓氏筆劃數排列）
黃子軒 (2008)。尼采在《敵基督者》中的耶穌學策略〔未出版之碩士論文〕。中原大學宗教研究所。指導教授：曾慶豹。
https://hdl.handle.net/11296/md494d		zh_TW