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題名 應用可修改智能合約於數位資產管理架構與實作之研究
Modifiable Smart Contract on Account in Trust of Digital Assets作者 朱芳葶
Chu, Fang-Ting貢獻者 郁方
Yu, Fang
朱芳葶
Chu, Fang-Ting關鍵詞 區塊鏈
智能合約
有限狀態機
Solidity
數位資產
信託
Blockchain
Smart contract
Finite state machine
Solidity
Digital assets
Trust日期 2021 上傳時間 1-Sep-2023 14:52:20 (UTC+8) 摘要 智能合約的不可變性是區塊鏈的一個重要特性。這種不可變性阻止了已部署的智能合約被惡意修改和操縱，也可以保證合約的執行遵循了用戶和合約所有者的初始協議。然而，在合約部署後，也相對的無法靈活地更改程式代碼，很難修復開發缺陷或改進不良設計和實作新的功能。此外，因為智能合約需要根據當前的市場狀態來修改其行為，這也限制了智能合約在金融投資方面的應用。因此，本研究在信託帳戶數位資產平台上實現了可修改智能合約框架的概念，展示了無需重新部署整個合約即可重新設計智能合約的靈活性和調整性。這個數位平台可以隨著新應用、新用戶、新功能甚至新的應用控制流程進行調整。特別是，我們通過信託帳戶發行新的代幣，使得失效的賬戶可以由指定的繼承人重新領取。我們還實現了兩個應用：人工智能投資和年金保險，並以兩個應用為例，展示如何利用該平台進一步開發數位資產應用。
The immutability of smart contract is a significant feature of blockchain. The immutability prevents deployed smart contracts from malicious modification and manipulations, guaranteeing the contract execution obeying the initial agreements of both sides: users and contract owners. On the other hand, without the flexibility of changing codes after the deployment, it is hard to fix software defects or improve poor design and utility functions.Furthermore, the restriction also limits smart contract applications on financial investment while they are required to modify their behaviors according to the current market states.This work realizes the concept of modifiable smart contract framework on digital asset platform with account in trust, demonstrating the flexibility and adjustment to redesign smart contracts without redeployment of the whole contract.We implement the digital platform can be adjusted with new applications, new users, new functions and even new control flows of applications. Particularly, we issue new tokens with account in trust, such that a dead account can be re-claimed by designated survivors. We also implemented two applications: AI investment and annuity insurance as examples to show how digital asset applications can be further developed with the platform.參考文獻 [1] Absolute immutability will slow blockchain progress,. https://www.coindesk.com/ absolute-immutability-will-slow-permissioned-blockchain-progress.[2] Erc-20 token standard,. https://ethereum.org/en/developers/docs/standards/ tokens/erc-20/.[3] Howtowriteupgradablesmartcontractsinsolidity,.https://medium.com/quillhash/ d8f1b95a0e9a.[4] Openzeppelin upgrades,. https://simpleaswater.com/ upgradable-smart-contracts/.[5] Upgradable (versioned) smart contracts,. https://hackernoon.com/ how-to-write-upgradable-versioned-smart-contracts-in-solidity-910007057943.[6] Upgradeable smart contracts,. https://hackernoon.com/a7e9aef76fdd.[7] Mengjie Chen, Daoyuan Wu, Xiao Yi, and Jianliang Xu. Agchain: A blockchain-based gateway for permanent, distributed, and secure app delegation from existing mobile app markets. arXiv preprint arXiv:2101.06454, 2021.[8] Yan Chen. Blockchain tokens and the potential democratization of entrepreneurship and innovation. Business Horizons, 61(4):567–575, 2018.[9] Yan Chen and Cristiano Bellavitis. Blockchain disruption and decentralized finance: The rise of decentralized business models. Journal of Business Venturing Insights, 13:e00151, 2020.[10] Evangeline Ducas and Alex Wilner. The security and financial implications of blockchain technologies: Regulating emerging technologies in canada. International Journal, 72(4):538–562, 2017.[11] Tharaka Mawanane Hewa, Yining Hu, Madhusanka Liyanage, Salil Kanhare, and Mika Ylianttila. Survey on blockchain based smart contracts: Technical aspects and future research. IEEE Access, 2021.[12] Bin Hu, Zongyang Zhang, Jianwei Liu, Yizhong Liu, Jiayuan Yin, Rongxing Lu, and Xiaodong Lin. A comprehensive survey on smart contract construction and execution: paradigms, tools, and systems. Patterns, 2(2):100179, 2021.[13] Ruthia He Yun Ma Kaidong Wu, Chuqiao Ren. Erc-1504 upgradable smart contract,. https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/issues/1503, 2018.[14] Liu Lee. State-based modifiable smart contract. pages 1–41, 2019.[15] Stephen Marsh and Mark R Dibben. Trust, untrust, distrust and mistrust–an exploration of the dark (er) side. In International conference on trust management, pages 17–33. Springer, 2005.[16] Muhammad Izhar Mehar, Charles Louis Shier, Alana Giambattista, Elgar Gong, Gabrielle Fletcher, Ryan Sanayhie, Henry M Kim, and Marek Laskowski. Understanding a revolu- tionary and flawed grand experiment in blockchain: the dao attack. Journal of Cases on Information Technology (JCIT), 21(1):19–32, 2019.[17] Satoshi Nakamoto. Bitcoin: A peer-to-peer electronic cash system. Technical report, Manubot, 2019.[18] Mohamad Osmani, Ramzi El-Haddadeh, Nitham Hindi, Marijn Janssen, and Vishanth Weerakkody. Blockchain for next generation services in banking and finance: cost, benefit, risk and opportunity analysis. Journal of Enterprise Information Management, 2020.[19] Eugenia Politou, Fran Casino, Efthymios Alepis, and Constantinos Patsakis. Blockchain mutability: Challenges and proposed solutions. IEEE Transactions on Emerging Topics in Computing, PP:1–1, 10 2019.[20] Mehrdokht Pournader, Yangyan Shi, Stefan Seuring, and SC Lenny Koh. Blockchain applications in supply chains, transport and logistics: a systematic review of the literature. International Journal of Production Research, 58(7):2063–2081, 2020.[21] Purathani Praitheeshan, Lei Pan, and Robin Doss. Security evaluation of smart contract- based on-chain ethereum wallets. In Mirosław Kutyłowski, Jun Zhang, and Chao Chen, editors, Network and System Security, pages 22–41, Cham, 2020. Springer International Publishing.[22] Reza Rahimian and Jeremy Clark. Tokenhook: Secure erc-20 smart contract. arXiv preprint arXiv:2107.02997, 2021.[23] Waleed Rashideh. Blockchain technology framework: Current and future perspectives for the tourism industry. Tourism Management, 80:104125, 2020.[24] Brophy Richard. Blockchain and insurance: a review for operations and regulation. Jour- nal of Financial Regulation and Compliance, 28(2):215–234, Jan 2019.[25] Nick Szabo. Formalizing and securing relationships on public networks. First monday, 1997.[26] Ramakrishna Thurimella and Yeturu Aahlad. The hitchhiker’s guide to blockchains: A trust based taxonomy. WANdisco, Inc., November, 2018.[27] Mischa Tripoli and Josef Schmidhuber. Emerging opportunities for the application of blockchain in the agri-food industry. FAO and ICTSD: Rome and Geneva. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA, 3, 2018.[28] Imdad Ullah, Salil S Kanhere, and Roksana Boreli. Privacy-preserving targeted mo- bile advertising: A blockchain-based framework for mobile ads. arXiv preprint arXiv:2008.10479, 2020.[29] Li Zhang, Yongping Xie, Yang Zheng, Wei Xue, Xianrong Zheng, and Xiaobo Xu. The challenges and countermeasures of blockchain in finance and economics. Systems Re- search and Behavioral Science, 37(4):691–698, 2020.[30] Zibin Zheng, Shaoan Xie, Hong-Ning Dai, Weili Chen, Xiangping Chen, Jian Weng, and Muhammad Imran. An overview on smart contracts: Challenges, advances and platforms. Future Generation Computer Systems, 105:475 – 491, 2020. 描述 碩士
國立政治大學
資訊管理學系
108356008資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0108356008 資料類型 thesis dc.contributor.advisor 郁方 zh_TW dc.contributor.advisor Yu, Fang en_US dc.contributor.author (Authors) 朱芳葶 zh_TW dc.contributor.author (Authors) Chu, Fang-Ting en_US dc.creator (作者) 朱芳葶 zh_TW dc.creator (作者) Chu, Fang-Ting en_US dc.date (日期) 2021 en_US dc.date.accessioned 1-Sep-2023 14:52:20 (UTC+8) - dc.date.available 1-Sep-2023 14:52:20 (UTC+8) - dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 1-Sep-2023 14:52:20 (UTC+8) - dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0108356008 en_US dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/146883 - dc.description (描述) 碩士 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 資訊管理學系 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 108356008 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) 智能合約的不可變性是區塊鏈的一個重要特性。這種不可變性阻止了已部署的智能合約被惡意修改和操縱，也可以保證合約的執行遵循了用戶和合約所有者的初始協議。然而，在合約部署後，也相對的無法靈活地更改程式代碼，很難修復開發缺陷或改進不良設計和實作新的功能。此外，因為智能合約需要根據當前的市場狀態來修改其行為，這也限制了智能合約在金融投資方面的應用。因此，本研究在信託帳戶數位資產平台上實現了可修改智能合約框架的概念，展示了無需重新部署整個合約即可重新設計智能合約的靈活性和調整性。這個數位平台可以隨著新應用、新用戶、新功能甚至新的應用控制流程進行調整。特別是，我們通過信託帳戶發行新的代幣，使得失效的賬戶可以由指定的繼承人重新領取。我們還實現了兩個應用：人工智能投資和年金保險，並以兩個應用為例，展示如何利用該平台進一步開發數位資產應用。 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) The immutability of smart contract is a significant feature of blockchain. The immutability prevents deployed smart contracts from malicious modification and manipulations, guaranteeing the contract execution obeying the initial agreements of both sides: users and contract owners. On the other hand, without the flexibility of changing codes after the deployment, it is hard to fix software defects or improve poor design and utility functions.Furthermore, the restriction also limits smart contract applications on financial investment while they are required to modify their behaviors according to the current market states.This work realizes the concept of modifiable smart contract framework on digital asset platform with account in trust, demonstrating the flexibility and adjustment to redesign smart contracts without redeployment of the whole contract.We implement the digital platform can be adjusted with new applications, new users, new functions and even new control flows of applications. Particularly, we issue new tokens with account in trust, such that a dead account can be re-claimed by designated survivors. We also implemented two applications: AI investment and annuity insurance as examples to show how digital asset applications can be further developed with the platform. en_US dc.description.tableofcontents 1 Introduction 12 Related Work 22.1 Blockchain 22.2 Smart Contract 22.3 Application 32.4 Modifiable Smart Contract 42.4.1 Vaibhav Saini 52.4.2 Open Zeppelin 52.4.3 State-Based Modifiable Smart Contract 73 Digital Assets Platform 83.1 Overview 83.2 Control Contract 93.3 Storage Contract 113.4 Token Contract 113.5 Trust Contract 123.6 Server Contract 143.7 Overview 143.8 Implementation of Investment 53.8.1 Control Contract 153.8.2 Storage Contract 163.8.3 Token Contract 193.8.4 Trust Contract 203.8.5 Invest Contract 223.9 Asset management Application 234 Account in trust 264.1 Token 274.2 Trust 305 Application 325.1 Investment 335.2 Annuity Insurance 366 Implement 406.1 Token(SOScoin) 416.2 Trust 426.3 Investment 446.4 Annuity Insurance 447 Discussion 467.1 Comparison 467.2 Gas Cost 517.3 Pros and cons 527.3.1 Maneuverable flow and Scalability of functions 527.3.2 Convenient front-end operation 537.3.3 Transparency of transactions 537.3.4 Low barriers to entry. 537.3.5 Complexity of FSM table 547.3.6 Varied Parameter 547.3.7 Restrictions of Solidity 548 Conclusion 55References 57 zh_TW dc.format.extent 10252469 bytes - dc.format.mimetype application/pdf - dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0108356008 en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) 區塊鏈 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 智能合約 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 有限狀態機 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) Solidity zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 數位資產 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 信託 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) Blockchain en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Smart contract en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Finite state machine en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Solidity en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Digital assets en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Trust en_US dc.title (題名) 應用可修改智能合約於數位資產管理架構與實作之研究 zh_TW dc.title (題名) Modifiable Smart Contract on Account in Trust of Digital Assets en_US dc.type (資料類型) thesis en_US dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) [1] Absolute immutability will slow blockchain progress,. https://www.coindesk.com/ absolute-immutability-will-slow-permissioned-blockchain-progress.[2] Erc-20 token standard,. https://ethereum.org/en/developers/docs/standards/ tokens/erc-20/.[3] Howtowriteupgradablesmartcontractsinsolidity,.https://medium.com/quillhash/ d8f1b95a0e9a.[4] Openzeppelin upgrades,. https://simpleaswater.com/ upgradable-smart-contracts/.[5] Upgradable (versioned) smart contracts,. https://hackernoon.com/ how-to-write-upgradable-versioned-smart-contracts-in-solidity-910007057943.[6] Upgradeable smart contracts,. https://hackernoon.com/a7e9aef76fdd.[7] Mengjie Chen, Daoyuan Wu, Xiao Yi, and Jianliang Xu. Agchain: A blockchain-based gateway for permanent, distributed, and secure app delegation from existing mobile app markets. arXiv preprint arXiv:2101.06454, 2021.[8] Yan Chen. Blockchain tokens and the potential democratization of entrepreneurship and innovation. Business Horizons, 61(4):567–575, 2018.[9] Yan Chen and Cristiano Bellavitis. Blockchain disruption and decentralized finance: The rise of decentralized business models. Journal of Business Venturing Insights, 13:e00151, 2020.[10] Evangeline Ducas and Alex Wilner. The security and financial implications of blockchain technologies: Regulating emerging technologies in canada. International Journal, 72(4):538–562, 2017.[11] Tharaka Mawanane Hewa, Yining Hu, Madhusanka Liyanage, Salil Kanhare, and Mika Ylianttila. Survey on blockchain based smart contracts: Technical aspects and future research. IEEE Access, 2021.[12] Bin Hu, Zongyang Zhang, Jianwei Liu, Yizhong Liu, Jiayuan Yin, Rongxing Lu, and Xiaodong Lin. A comprehensive survey on smart contract construction and execution: paradigms, tools, and systems. Patterns, 2(2):100179, 2021.[13] Ruthia He Yun Ma Kaidong Wu, Chuqiao Ren. Erc-1504 upgradable smart contract,. https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/issues/1503, 2018.[14] Liu Lee. State-based modifiable smart contract. pages 1–41, 2019.[15] Stephen Marsh and Mark R Dibben. Trust, untrust, distrust and mistrust–an exploration of the dark (er) side. In International conference on trust management, pages 17–33. Springer, 2005.[16] Muhammad Izhar Mehar, Charles Louis Shier, Alana Giambattista, Elgar Gong, Gabrielle Fletcher, Ryan Sanayhie, Henry M Kim, and Marek Laskowski. Understanding a revolu- tionary and flawed grand experiment in blockchain: the dao attack. Journal of Cases on Information Technology (JCIT), 21(1):19–32, 2019.[17] Satoshi Nakamoto. Bitcoin: A peer-to-peer electronic cash system. Technical report, Manubot, 2019.[18] Mohamad Osmani, Ramzi El-Haddadeh, Nitham Hindi, Marijn Janssen, and Vishanth Weerakkody. Blockchain for next generation services in banking and finance: cost, benefit, risk and opportunity analysis. Journal of Enterprise Information Management, 2020.[19] Eugenia Politou, Fran Casino, Efthymios Alepis, and Constantinos Patsakis. Blockchain mutability: Challenges and proposed solutions. IEEE Transactions on Emerging Topics in Computing, PP:1–1, 10 2019.[20] Mehrdokht Pournader, Yangyan Shi, Stefan Seuring, and SC Lenny Koh. Blockchain applications in supply chains, transport and logistics: a systematic review of the literature. International Journal of Production Research, 58(7):2063–2081, 2020.[21] Purathani Praitheeshan, Lei Pan, and Robin Doss. Security evaluation of smart contract- based on-chain ethereum wallets. In Mirosław Kutyłowski, Jun Zhang, and Chao Chen, editors, Network and System Security, pages 22–41, Cham, 2020. Springer International Publishing.[22] Reza Rahimian and Jeremy Clark. Tokenhook: Secure erc-20 smart contract. arXiv preprint arXiv:2107.02997, 2021.[23] Waleed Rashideh. Blockchain technology framework: Current and future perspectives for the tourism industry. Tourism Management, 80:104125, 2020.[24] Brophy Richard. Blockchain and insurance: a review for operations and regulation. Jour- nal of Financial Regulation and Compliance, 28(2):215–234, Jan 2019.[25] Nick Szabo. Formalizing and securing relationships on public networks. First monday, 1997.[26] Ramakrishna Thurimella and Yeturu Aahlad. The hitchhiker’s guide to blockchains: A trust based taxonomy. WANdisco, Inc., November, 2018.[27] Mischa Tripoli and Josef Schmidhuber. Emerging opportunities for the application of blockchain in the agri-food industry. FAO and ICTSD: Rome and Geneva. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA, 3, 2018.[28] Imdad Ullah, Salil S Kanhere, and Roksana Boreli. Privacy-preserving targeted mo- bile advertising: A blockchain-based framework for mobile ads. arXiv preprint arXiv:2008.10479, 2020.[29] Li Zhang, Yongping Xie, Yang Zheng, Wei Xue, Xianrong Zheng, and Xiaobo Xu. The challenges and countermeasures of blockchain in finance and economics. Systems Re- search and Behavioral Science, 37(4):691–698, 2020.[30] Zibin Zheng, Shaoan Xie, Hong-Ning Dai, Weili Chen, Xiangping Chen, Jian Weng, and Muhammad Imran. An overview on smart contracts: Challenges, advances and platforms. Future Generation Computer Systems, 105:475 – 491, 2020. zh_TW
