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題名 想像未來與幸福感的關係----最好可能自我與最適可能自我的初探
The Relationship Between Imagining the Future and Well-Being ----A Preliminary Study on the Best Possible Self and the Optimal Possible Self作者 蕭宇珊 貢獻者 孫蒨如
蕭宇珊關鍵詞 可能自我
最好可能自我
最適可能自我
主觀幸福感
正向情緒
負向情緒
生活滿意度
需求滿意度
Possible Self
Best Possible Self
Optimal Possible Self
Subjective Well-Being
Positive emotions
Negative emotions
Life Satisfaction
Need Satisfaction日期 2024 上傳時間 1-Mar-2024 14:15:31 (UTC+8) 摘要 在日常生活中，我們時常想像自己的未來、為自己的未來做規劃，但想像未來對我們有幫助嗎？可以為我們帶來幸福感嗎？過去許多研究以最好可能自我（Best Possible Self）進行探討，藉由讓個體想像未來最好可能的自我，檢驗其與幸福感的關聯。但回顧相關文獻時發現，最好可能自我研究大多為西方研究，以華人為參與者的研究僅三篇，且提升幸福感之效果不甚一致。本研究認為其可能原因在於華人的自我與西方人的自我有所不同，加上指導語所強調的「最好」狀態，並未能讓華人參與者對未來的想像真正符合心中期待，所以無法有效地提升幸福感。故本研究提出「最適可能自我」（Optimal Possible Self）概念，希望進行深入探討。研究一以不同正向自我操弄（最好可能自我、最適可能自我、個人取向成就以及控制組）探討參與者所寫內容的異同之處以及對於幸福感的提升效果；研究二則是探討不同正向自我操弄對幸福感的影響及其中可能的中介機制，也檢驗其對於幸福感提升的立即效果（操弄後當下）、短期效果（連續操弄一週後）以及長期效果（連續操弄結束後一週）。結果顯示，正向自我操弄確實可以提升個體主觀幸福感，特別是在正向情緒部分，本研究發現最好可能自我有提升正向情緒的立即效果，而最適可能自我對於正向情緒除了有立即提升效果之外，也有短期提升效果，且最適可能自我會透過「自主」需求的滿足，進而提升正向情緒。
In daily life, we often imagine and make plans for our future, but does imagining the future help us? Can it bring us happiness? Many previous studies have explored the concept of the Best Possible Self (BPS), and examined its relationship with subjective well-being by asking individuals to imagine the best possible self in the future. However, when reviewing the relevant literature, we found that BPS studies are mostly conducted in Western contexts, with only three studies involving Chinese participants, and the effects on enhancing happiness were inconsistent. We propose that this might be due to the differences between the self-concept of Chinese people and Westerners. Moreover, the emphasis on the "best" state in guided imagery may not align with the expectations of Chinese participants, and thus fail to enhance happiness effectively. Therefore, our study introduces the concept of the "Optimal Possible Self" (OPS) and aims to delve deeper into it. In Study 1, we investigated the differences in content written by participants under different positive self-manipulations (BPS, OPS, individual achievement orientation, and control group) and their effect on enhancing subjective well-being. Study 2 explored the impact of different positive self-manipulations on happiness and the possible mediating mechanisms were also tested. Their immediate effect (immediately after the manipulation), short-term effect (after a week of continuous manipulation), and long-term effect (one week after continuous manipulation ended) on enhancing happiness were also tested. The results show that positive self-manipulation indeed enhances individuals' subjective well-being, particularly in terms of positive emotions. Specifically, our study found that BPS has an immediate effect on enhancing positive emotions, while OPS not only has an immediate effect but also a short-term effect on enhancing positive emotions. Moreover, OPS enhances positive emotions through the satisfaction of "autonomy" needs.參考文獻 高旭繁（2013）。通往華人幸福之路：性格特質與文化價值的雙重作用。本土心理學研究，(39)，165-214。 陳金英（2004）。低收入戶青少年的［可能自我］－脫貧方案的初步成效。學校與家庭社會工作學刊，(1)，147-149。 陸洛（1998）。中國人幸福感之內涵，測量及相關因素探討。國家科學委員會研究彙刊: 人文及社會科學，8(1)，115-137。 陸洛（2003）。人我關係之界定－［折衷自我］的現身。本土心理學研究，20，139-207。 陸洛、楊國樞（2005）。社會取向與個人取向的自我實現觀：概念分析與實徵初探。本土心理學研究，(23)，3-69。 黃金蘭、林以正、楊中芳（2012）。中庸信念－價值量表之修訂。本土心理學研究，38，3-41。 楊中芳（2010）。中庸實踐思維體系探研的初步進展。本土心理學研究，(34)，3-96。 楊中芳、趙志裕（1997）。中庸實踐思維初探。第四屆華人心理與行為科際學術研討會，臺北市，臺灣。 楊國樞（1993）。中國人的社會取向:社會互動的觀點。載於楊國樞、余安邦（主編），中國人的心理與行為:方法與理念篇（頁87-142）。台北：桂冠圖書公司。 楊國樞（1997） 心理學研究的本土契合性及其相關問題. 本土心理學研究，(8)，75-120。 楊國樞（2004）。華人自我的理論分析與實微研究:社會取向與個人取向的觀點。本土心理學研究，(22)，11-80。 鄧傳忠（2008）。中庸思維對拿捏行為與心理適應的調節效果［碩士論文］，臺灣大學。 戴伸峰、楊芳梅（2010）。矯正學校收容青少年與一般在學青少年之可能自我比較關聯研究。青少年犯罪防治研究期刊，2(2)，141-160。 Altintas, E., Karaca, Y., Moustafa, A., & El Haj, M. (2020). Effect of best possible self intervention on situational motivation and commitment in academic context. 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國立政治大學
心理學系
108752013資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0108752013 資料類型 thesis dc.contributor.advisor 孫蒨如 zh_TW dc.contributor.author (Authors) 蕭宇珊 zh_TW dc.creator (作者) 蕭宇珊 zh_TW dc.date (日期) 2024 en_US dc.date.accessioned 1-Mar-2024 14:15:31 (UTC+8) - dc.date.available 1-Mar-2024 14:15:31 (UTC+8) - dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 1-Mar-2024 14:15:31 (UTC+8) - dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0108752013 en_US dc.identifier.uri (URI) https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/150267 - dc.description (描述) 碩士 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 心理學系 zh_TW dc.description (描述) 108752013 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) 在日常生活中，我們時常想像自己的未來、為自己的未來做規劃，但想像未來對我們有幫助嗎？可以為我們帶來幸福感嗎？過去許多研究以最好可能自我（Best Possible Self）進行探討，藉由讓個體想像未來最好可能的自我，檢驗其與幸福感的關聯。但回顧相關文獻時發現，最好可能自我研究大多為西方研究，以華人為參與者的研究僅三篇，且提升幸福感之效果不甚一致。本研究認為其可能原因在於華人的自我與西方人的自我有所不同，加上指導語所強調的「最好」狀態，並未能讓華人參與者對未來的想像真正符合心中期待，所以無法有效地提升幸福感。故本研究提出「最適可能自我」（Optimal Possible Self）概念，希望進行深入探討。研究一以不同正向自我操弄（最好可能自我、最適可能自我、個人取向成就以及控制組）探討參與者所寫內容的異同之處以及對於幸福感的提升效果；研究二則是探討不同正向自我操弄對幸福感的影響及其中可能的中介機制，也檢驗其對於幸福感提升的立即效果（操弄後當下）、短期效果（連續操弄一週後）以及長期效果（連續操弄結束後一週）。結果顯示，正向自我操弄確實可以提升個體主觀幸福感，特別是在正向情緒部分，本研究發現最好可能自我有提升正向情緒的立即效果，而最適可能自我對於正向情緒除了有立即提升效果之外，也有短期提升效果，且最適可能自我會透過「自主」需求的滿足，進而提升正向情緒。 zh_TW dc.description.abstract (摘要) In daily life, we often imagine and make plans for our future, but does imagining the future help us? Can it bring us happiness? Many previous studies have explored the concept of the Best Possible Self (BPS), and examined its relationship with subjective well-being by asking individuals to imagine the best possible self in the future. However, when reviewing the relevant literature, we found that BPS studies are mostly conducted in Western contexts, with only three studies involving Chinese participants, and the effects on enhancing happiness were inconsistent. We propose that this might be due to the differences between the self-concept of Chinese people and Westerners. Moreover, the emphasis on the "best" state in guided imagery may not align with the expectations of Chinese participants, and thus fail to enhance happiness effectively. Therefore, our study introduces the concept of the "Optimal Possible Self" (OPS) and aims to delve deeper into it. In Study 1, we investigated the differences in content written by participants under different positive self-manipulations (BPS, OPS, individual achievement orientation, and control group) and their effect on enhancing subjective well-being. Study 2 explored the impact of different positive self-manipulations on happiness and the possible mediating mechanisms were also tested. Their immediate effect (immediately after the manipulation), short-term effect (after a week of continuous manipulation), and long-term effect (one week after continuous manipulation ended) on enhancing happiness were also tested. The results show that positive self-manipulation indeed enhances individuals' subjective well-being, particularly in terms of positive emotions. Specifically, our study found that BPS has an immediate effect on enhancing positive emotions, while OPS not only has an immediate effect but also a short-term effect on enhancing positive emotions. Moreover, OPS enhances positive emotions through the satisfaction of "autonomy" needs. en_US dc.description.tableofcontents 第一章 緒論 1 第二章 文獻探討 3 第一節 可能自我 3 第二節 最好可能自我與幸福感 8 第三節 最好可能自我的跨文化研究 12 第四節 華人的最適可能自我 13 第五節 最適可能自我提升幸福感的中介機制 17 第六節 本研究想法 19 第三章 研究一 20 第一節 研究方法 20 第二節 結果與討論 24 第四章 研究二 32 第一節 研究方法 33 第二節 結果與討論 37 第五章 綜合討論 56 第一節 主要發現與討論 57 第二節 研究貢獻與限制 62 參考文獻 66 zh_TW dc.format.extent 7361428 bytes - dc.format.mimetype application/pdf - dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0108752013 en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) 可能自我 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 最好可能自我 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 最適可能自我 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 主觀幸福感 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 正向情緒 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 負向情緒 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 生活滿意度 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) 需求滿意度 zh_TW dc.subject (關鍵詞) Possible Self en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Best Possible Self en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Optimal Possible Self en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Subjective Well-Being en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Positive emotions en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Negative emotions en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Life Satisfaction en_US dc.subject (關鍵詞) Need Satisfaction en_US dc.title (題名) 想像未來與幸福感的關係----最好可能自我與最適可能自我的初探 zh_TW dc.title (題名) The Relationship Between Imagining the Future and Well-Being ----A Preliminary Study on the Best Possible Self and the Optimal Possible Self en_US dc.type (資料類型) thesis en_US dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 高旭繁（2013）。通往華人幸福之路：性格特質與文化價值的雙重作用。本土心理學研究，(39)，165-214。 陳金英（2004）。低收入戶青少年的［可能自我］－脫貧方案的初步成效。學校與家庭社會工作學刊，(1)，147-149。 陸洛（1998）。中國人幸福感之內涵，測量及相關因素探討。國家科學委員會研究彙刊: 人文及社會科學，8(1)，115-137。 陸洛（2003）。人我關係之界定－［折衷自我］的現身。本土心理學研究，20，139-207。 陸洛、楊國樞（2005）。社會取向與個人取向的自我實現觀：概念分析與實徵初探。本土心理學研究，(23)，3-69。 黃金蘭、林以正、楊中芳（2012）。中庸信念－價值量表之修訂。本土心理學研究，38，3-41。 楊中芳（2010）。中庸實踐思維體系探研的初步進展。本土心理學研究，(34)，3-96。 楊中芳、趙志裕（1997）。中庸實踐思維初探。第四屆華人心理與行為科際學術研討會，臺北市，臺灣。 楊國樞（1993）。中國人的社會取向:社會互動的觀點。載於楊國樞、余安邦（主編），中國人的心理與行為:方法與理念篇（頁87-142）。台北：桂冠圖書公司。 楊國樞（1997） 心理學研究的本土契合性及其相關問題. 本土心理學研究，(8)，75-120。 楊國樞（2004）。華人自我的理論分析與實微研究:社會取向與個人取向的觀點。本土心理學研究，(22)，11-80。 鄧傳忠（2008）。中庸思維對拿捏行為與心理適應的調節效果［碩士論文］，臺灣大學。 戴伸峰、楊芳梅（2010）。矯正學校收容青少年與一般在學青少年之可能自我比較關聯研究。青少年犯罪防治研究期刊，2(2)，141-160。 Altintas, E., Karaca, Y., Moustafa, A., & El Haj, M. 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