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題名 從爭議性政治新聞探討客觀報導與事實建構
作者 鄧麗萍
Tang, Lee Ping
貢獻者 羅文輝
鄧麗萍
Tang, Lee Ping
關鍵詞 客觀報導
事實建構
政治新聞
框架
日期 2004
上傳時間 11-Sep-2009 16:21:25 (UTC+8)
摘要 本研究的主要目的是探討不同的報紙在報導爭議性政治新聞時，如何實踐客觀報導原則，以及不同政黨立場的報紙在爭議性政治新聞的事實建構上是否呈現差異。研究以「319槍擊案」事件為個案分析，並採用內容分析法及框架分析進行實證資料探討。
     
     在客觀報導部份，本研究從文獻檢閱的過程中歸納出五項客觀報導原則，包括倒金字塔式純淨新聞形式、平衡報導、消息來源可追溯性、中性陳述的新聞呈現方式，以及中立的新聞立場等。研究發現，各報在報導「319槍擊案」事件時，特稿、新聞分析等表達意見的新聞形式，以及夾議夾敘的純淨新聞比例相當高，同時，各報也經常引用不明確或匿名的消息來源，不符合客觀報導原則。各報在報導「319槍擊案」事件時，新聞立場上呈現明顯差異。被認為傾向泛綠陣營的報紙，均採取有利於泛綠陣營的立場；相對的，被認為傾向於泛藍陣營的報紙，則採取不利於泛綠陣營的新聞立場。因此，新聞立場似乎是衡量不同報紙實踐客觀報導的最適當標準。
     
     在事實建構部份，本研究以框架分析探討不同政黨立場的報紙對新聞主題、消息來源策略和新聞框架的選擇，發現各報傾向以爭議性的新聞主題建構「319槍擊案」的新聞事實，而不同政黨立場的報紙即使選擇同樣的新聞框架，在框架論點上仍呈現出與其政黨立場相符的新聞事實。在消息來源方面，除了蘋果日報，其餘四家報紙在一則新聞中同時引用對當事人陳水扁、呂秀蓮持正面與負面立場的消息來源之比例很低。各報在處理正反意見時，多半以兩則新聞在版面上並陳的區隔方式來呈現，而非傳統新聞學強調在同一則新聞中呈現正反意見的形式。這種做法相信與國內報紙的新聞採訪路線設置有關，已成為國內報紙處理爭議性政治新聞的特色。
This study attempts to analyze the media performance and news representation of critical issues related to political news in newspapers which embraced different kind of political position. Taking “319 Shooting” incident as a critical example, this study tries to examine how did the local newspapers from different political stand implement objective reporting and construct news facts? How did the newspapers address these issues?
     
     The methodology includes content analysis and frame analysis. Content analysis aims to examine the application of objective reporting from different newspaper. Frame analysis aims to investigate the construction and manufacturing of news facts in “319 Shooting” incident. The research gathers news reports that relate to six critical period of “319 Shooting” investigation and manages to get 631 pieces of news report.
     
     The results of content analysis show that five papers implemented objective reporting in different degree. Political stand could be considered as the key factor in the implementation of objective reporting. Papers which regarded as pro-pan-green camp were proved to produce news reports that were obviously biased to pan-green camp, whereas papers which regarded as pro-pan-blue camp showed the same political tendency in their news reporting.
     
     On the other hand, the results of frame analyses imply that profession news frame is the most covered in the news. Under the same news frame, papers from different political stand tended to select the frame arguments which can fulfill their political position. Besides investigators, pan-green and pan-blue camps’ supporters were given the larger spaces as news source in the five papers.
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描述 碩士
國立政治大學
新聞研究所
91451028
93
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0914510281
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 羅文輝zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 鄧麗萍zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) Tang, Lee Pingen_US
dc.creator (作者) 鄧麗萍zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) Tang, Lee Pingen_US
dc.date (日期) 2004en_US
dc.date.accessioned 11-Sep-2009 16:21:25 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 11-Sep-2009 16:21:25 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 11-Sep-2009 16:21:25 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0914510281en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/29812-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 新聞研究所zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 91451028zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 93zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 本研究的主要目的是探討不同的報紙在報導爭議性政治新聞時，如何實踐客觀報導原則，以及不同政黨立場的報紙在爭議性政治新聞的事實建構上是否呈現差異。研究以「319槍擊案」事件為個案分析，並採用內容分析法及框架分析進行實證資料探討。
     
     在客觀報導部份，本研究從文獻檢閱的過程中歸納出五項客觀報導原則，包括倒金字塔式純淨新聞形式、平衡報導、消息來源可追溯性、中性陳述的新聞呈現方式，以及中立的新聞立場等。研究發現，各報在報導「319槍擊案」事件時，特稿、新聞分析等表達意見的新聞形式，以及夾議夾敘的純淨新聞比例相當高，同時，各報也經常引用不明確或匿名的消息來源，不符合客觀報導原則。各報在報導「319槍擊案」事件時，新聞立場上呈現明顯差異。被認為傾向泛綠陣營的報紙，均採取有利於泛綠陣營的立場；相對的，被認為傾向於泛藍陣營的報紙，則採取不利於泛綠陣營的新聞立場。因此，新聞立場似乎是衡量不同報紙實踐客觀報導的最適當標準。
     
     在事實建構部份，本研究以框架分析探討不同政黨立場的報紙對新聞主題、消息來源策略和新聞框架的選擇，發現各報傾向以爭議性的新聞主題建構「319槍擊案」的新聞事實，而不同政黨立場的報紙即使選擇同樣的新聞框架，在框架論點上仍呈現出與其政黨立場相符的新聞事實。在消息來源方面，除了蘋果日報，其餘四家報紙在一則新聞中同時引用對當事人陳水扁、呂秀蓮持正面與負面立場的消息來源之比例很低。各報在處理正反意見時，多半以兩則新聞在版面上並陳的區隔方式來呈現，而非傳統新聞學強調在同一則新聞中呈現正反意見的形式。這種做法相信與國內報紙的新聞採訪路線設置有關，已成為國內報紙處理爭議性政治新聞的特色。		zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) This study attempts to analyze the media performance and news representation of critical issues related to political news in newspapers which embraced different kind of political position. Taking “319 Shooting” incident as a critical example, this study tries to examine how did the local newspapers from different political stand implement objective reporting and construct news facts? How did the newspapers address these issues?
     
     The methodology includes content analysis and frame analysis. Content analysis aims to examine the application of objective reporting from different newspaper. Frame analysis aims to investigate the construction and manufacturing of news facts in “319 Shooting” incident. The research gathers news reports that relate to six critical period of “319 Shooting” investigation and manages to get 631 pieces of news report.
     
     The results of content analysis show that five papers implemented objective reporting in different degree. Political stand could be considered as the key factor in the implementation of objective reporting. Papers which regarded as pro-pan-green camp were proved to produce news reports that were obviously biased to pan-green camp, whereas papers which regarded as pro-pan-blue camp showed the same political tendency in their news reporting.
     
     On the other hand, the results of frame analyses imply that profession news frame is the most covered in the news. Under the same news frame, papers from different political stand tended to select the frame arguments which can fulfill their political position. Besides investigators, pan-green and pan-blue camps’ supporters were given the larger spaces as news source in the five papers.		en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents 第一章 緒論
     第一節 研究動機 ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 01
     第二節 研究問題 ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 05
     第三節 研究價值 ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 07
     第四節 章節安排 ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 11
     
     第二章 文獻探討
     第一節 新聞客觀性的起源與演變 ----------------------------------------------------- 13
     第二節 新聞客觀性的爭議 ----------------------------------------------------------- 18
     第三節 新聞客觀性概念與實踐方法 ----------------------------------------------- 29
     第四節 客觀報導與事實建構 ----------------------------------------------------------- 37
     第五節 新聞框架與研究取向 ----------------------------------------------------------- 42
     第六節 研究架構及研究問題 ----------------------------------------------------------- 50
     
     第三章 研究方法
     第一節 研究設計 ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 53
     第二節 研究方法 ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 60
     第三節 個案選擇 ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 62
     第四節 類目建構 ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 66
     第五節 資料處理 ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 82
     
     第四章 資料分析結果
     第一節 報紙在「319槍擊案」事件上的客觀報導呈現 ---------------------------- 83
     第二節 不同報紙在報導「319槍擊案」事件上的客觀報導呈現 ---------------- 90
     第三節 報紙在報導「319槍擊案」事件上的事實建構方式 ---------------------- 98
     第四節 不同政黨立場的報紙對「319槍擊案」事件的事實建構方式 ---------- 103
     
     第五章 研究結論與建議
     第一節 本研究主要發現 ----------------------------------------------------------------- 113
     第二節 綜合討論 ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 121
     第三節 研究限制與建議 ----------------------------------------------------------------- 127
     
     
     參考書目
     一、中文部份 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 131
     二、英文部份 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 133
     
     附錄
     附錄一 本研究編碼類目表 ----------------------------------------------------------- 139
     圖表目錄
     
     
     圖2-1 客觀性概念的架構 ----------------------------------------------------------- 30
     圖3-1 本研究方法架構圖 ----------------------------------------------------------- 61
     表3-1 「319槍擊案」大事紀 ----------------------------------------------------------- 63
     表3-2 新聞文本抽樣日期 ----------------------------------------------------------- 65
     表3-3 客觀與立場類目及說明 ----------------------------------------------------- 67
     表3-4 新聞內容類目及說明 ----------------------------------------------------------- 70
     表4-1 「319槍擊案」事件不同報紙新聞則數與字數分佈表 ---------------- 84
     表4-2 「319槍擊案」事件新聞形式的則數與字數分佈表 ---------------------- 84
     表4-3 「319槍擊案」事件平衡報導的則數與字數分佈表 ---------------------- 85
     表4-4 「319槍擊案」事件可追溯性的則數與字數分佈表 ---------------------- 86
     表4-5 「319槍擊案」事件純淨新聞呈現的則數與字數分佈表 ---------------- 87
     表4-6 「319槍擊案」事件新聞立場的則數與字數分佈表 ---------------------- 87
     表4-7 「319槍擊案」事件不同報紙在新聞形式方面的則數與字數
     分佈表 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 91
     表4-8 「319槍擊案」事件不同報紙在平衡報導方面的則數與字數
     分佈表 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 92
     表4-9 「319槍擊案」事件不同報紙消息來源可追溯性的則數與
     字數分佈表 ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 93
     表4-10 「319槍擊案」事件不同報紙在純淨新聞呈現方面的則數與
     字數分佈表 ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 94
     表4-11 「319槍擊案」事件不同報紙在新聞立場方面的則數與字數分佈表 -- 95
     表4-12 「319槍擊案」事件不同新聞主題的則數與字數分佈表 ----------------- 98
     表4-13 「319槍擊案」事件新聞主體框架的則數與字數分佈表 ----------------- 99
     表4-14 「319槍擊案」事件主要消息來源身份的則數與字數分佈表 ----------- 100
     表4-15 「319槍擊案」事件消息來源立場的則數與字數分佈表 ----------------- 101
     表4-16 「319槍擊案」事件不同政黨立場的報紙與主要消息來源
     身份分佈表 ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 104
     表4-17 「319槍擊案」事件不同政黨立場的報紙與主要消息來源
     立場分佈表 ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 105
     表4-18 「319槍擊案」事件不同政黨立場的報紙與新聞主題類型分佈表 ----- 106
     表4-19 「319槍擊案」事件不同政黨立場的新聞媒體與新聞框架分佈表 ----- 107
     表4-20 「319槍擊案」事件不同政黨立場的報紙與政治框架論點分佈表 ----- 108
     表4-21 「319槍擊案」事件不同政黨立場的報紙與專業框架論點分佈表 ----- 109
     表4-22 「319槍擊案」事件不同政黨立場的報紙與司法框架論點分佈表 ----- 109
     表4-23 「319槍擊案」事件不同政黨立場的報紙與社會框架論點分佈表 ----- 110		zh_TW
dc.language.iso en_US-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0914510281en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 客觀報導zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 事實建構zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 政治新聞zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 框架zh_TW
dc.title (題名) 從爭議性政治新聞探討客觀報導與事實建構zh_TW
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen
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