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題名 實體性在家族品牌應用之研究
作者 張伊婷
貢獻者 樓永堅
張伊婷
關鍵詞 實體性
家族品牌
entitativity
family brand
日期 2007
上傳時間 11-Sep-2009 16:50:22 (UTC+8)
摘要 認知實體性在社會學中已經是一個廣泛討論的概念,意謂著個人對群體成員一致性、協調性程度的認知,然而尚未有學者將此概念運用在家族品牌的分群中。因此,本研究檢視了實體性八個指標(互動、重要性、結果、目標、相似性、存續期間、大小、可透性)運用在家族品牌分類上的適切性。
     本研究選取十五個世界前百大品牌作為研究標的,並收集學生與工作樣本共六十一份。研究結果顯示,不論在學生或工作樣本中,集群分析的結果皆顯示三群為最適合的集群個數,集群間差異較大且較能解釋。
     其中,學生樣本的集群分析結果是顯著的,依照互動、目標、相似性、大小四項指標可以畫分為三群,且這三個集群的實體性有顯著的差異,以緊密型家族品牌的實體性為最高、其次為一般型家族品牌、鬆散型家族品牌。
The concept about perceived entitativity is an established area in social cognition which means the degree of a collection of persons are perceived as being bonded together in a coherent unit. However, this concept has not yet been implemented to family brand evaluations. This research is to examine the applicability of using the eight entitativity measures (interaction, importance, outcomes, goals, similarity, duration, size and permeability) to analysis the differences of family brands.
     Fifteen family brands are selected from Businessweek’s 100 top global brands 2006 and sixty-one valid samples are collected. The research shows three-cluster solution is the most stable solution and also the most interpretable in both student and job sample.
     According to the differences of interaction, goals, similarity and size, family brands can be divided to three clusters in student sample and the entitativity ratings of the clusters is significant. The intimacy family brands is the highest in entitativity, followed by general family brands and loose family brands.
參考文獻 Aaker, David A. (1990). Brand extension: The good, the bad, and the ugly. Sloan Management Review, 31 (4), 47-56.
Aaker, D. A. (1996). Building strong brands. New York: The Free Press.
Aaker, D.A., & Keller, K.L. (1990). Consumer evaluations of brand extensions. Journal of Marketing, 54(1), 27-41.
Abelson, R.P., Dasgupta, N., Park, J., & Banaji, M.R. (1998). Perceptions of the collective other. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 2, 243-250.
Boush, M. David, & Babara Loken (1991). A process-tracing study of brand extension evaluation. Journal of Marketing Research, 28, 16-28.
Brewer, M. B. & A. S. Harasty (1996). Seeing groups as entities: The role of perceiver motivation. In E. T. Higgins & R. M. Sorrentino (Eds.), Handbook of Motivation and Cognition (Vol.3, pp. 347-370). New York: Guilford Press.
Campbell, D.T.(1958). Common fate, similarity, and other indices of the status of aggregates of persons as social entities. Behavioral Science, 3, 14-25.
Chernatony, L.D., & McWilliam, G. (1989). Branding terminology the real debate. Marketing Intelligence and Planning, 7 (7/8), 29-32.
Deutsch, M. (1949). A theory of cooperation and competition. Human Relations, 2, 129-152.
Farquhar, P.H. (1990). Managing brand equity. Journal of Advertising Research, 30(4), 7-12.
Freeman, L.C., & Webster, C.M. (1994). Interpersonal proximity in social and cognitive space. Social Cognition, 12, 223-247.
Gaertner, L., & Schopler, J. (1998). Perceived ingroup entitativity and intergroup bias: An interconnection of self and others. European Journal of Social Psychology, 28, 963-980.
Gürhan-Canli, Zeynep (2003). The effect of expected variability of product quality and attribute uniqueness on family brand evaluations. Journal of Consumer Research, 30, 105-114.
Hamilton, D.L., & Sherman, S.J. (1996). Perceiving persons and groups. Psychological Review, 103, 336-355.
Hamilton, D.L., Sherman, S.J., & Lickel, B.(1998). Perceiving social groups: The importance of the entitativity continuum. In C. Sedikides, J. Schopler, & C.A. Insko (Eds.), Intergroup cognition and intergroup behavior (pp. 47-74). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
Haslam, N., L. Rothschild, & D. Ernst (2000). Essentialist beliefs about social categories. British Journal of Social Psychology, 39, 113-127.
Hastie R., & Park B. (1986). The relationship between memory and judgment depends on whether the judgment task is memory-based or on-line. Psychology Review, 93, 258-268.
Keller, Kevin Lane (1998). Strategic brand management. New Jersey: Prentice Hall.
Keller, Kevin Lane (2000). The brand report card. Harvard Business Review, 78(1), 147-157.
Keller, L. K. (2003). Strategic brand management, building, measuring, and managing brand equity. New Jersey: Prentice Hall.
Klink RR, & Smith DC (2001). Threats to the external validity of brand extension research. Journal of Marketing Research, 38(3), 326–335
Kotler, P. (1994). Marketing management: Analysis, planning, implementation, and control. New Jersey: Prentice Hall.
Kolter, P. (2000). Marketing Management. New Jersey: Prentice Hall.
Lassar, Walfried, Banwari Mittal, & Arun Sharma (1995). Measuring customer-based brand equity. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 12 (4), 11-19.
Lickel, B., Hamilton, D.L., Wieczorkowska, G., Lewis, A., Sherman, S.J., & Uhles, A.N. (2000). Varieties of groups and the perception of group entitativity. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 78, 223-246.
Mahajan, Vijay, Vithala R. Rao, & Rajendra K. Srivastava (1994). An approach to assess the importance of brand equity in acquisition decisions. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 11, 221-235.
Mattila, Anna (2003). The impact of cognitive inertia on postconsumption evaluation processes. Journal of Academy of Marketing Science, 31, 287-299.
McConnell, A.R., Sherman, S.J., & Hamilton, D.L. (1994). On-line and memory-based aspects of individual and group target judgments. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 67, 173-185.
McGarty, C., Haslam, S.A., Hutchinson, K.J., & Grace, D.M. (1995). Determinants of perceived consistency: The relationship between group entitativity and the meaningfulness of categories. British Journal of Social Psychology, 34, 237-256.
Meyvis T, & Janiszewski C (2004) When are broader brands stronger brands? An accessibility perspective on the success of brand extensions. Journal of Consumer Reaserch, 31(2), 346–357.
Mullen, B. (1991). Group composition, salience, and cognitive representations: The phenomenology of being in a group. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 27, 297-323.
Park, C. Whan, Sandra Milberg, & Robert Lawson (1991). Evaluation of brand extensions: The role of product feature similarity and brand concept consistency. Journal of Consumer Research, 18 (September), 185-193.
Pitta, Dennis A. & Lea Prevel Katsanis (1995). Understanding brand equity for successful brand extension. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 12 (4), 51-64.
Tajfel, H. (1981). Human groups and social categories. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.
Tajfel, H., Billig, M.G., Bundy, R.P., & Flament, C. (1971). Social categorization and intergroup behavior. European Journal of Social Psychology, 1, 149-178.
Tauber, Edward M. (1981). Brand franchise extensions: New products benefit from extension brand name. Business Horizons, 24 (1), 36-41.
Weldon, E., & Weingart, L.R. (1993). Group goals and group performance. British Journal of Social Psychology, 32, 307-334.
Wernerfelt, Birger (1988). Umbrella branding as a signal for new product quality: An example of signaling by posting a bond. Rand Journal of Economics, 19 (3), 458–466.
Wyer, R.S. & Srull, T.K. (1989). Memory and cognition in its social context. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
Yzerbyt, V. Y., S. Rocher, & G. Schadron (1997). Stereotypes as explanations: A subjective essentialistic view of group perception. In R. Spears, P. J. Oakes, N. Ellemers, & S. A.Haslam (Eds.), The social psychology of stereotyping and group life (pp. 20-50). Cambridge, UK: Blackwell.
Yzerbyt, V.Y., Rogier, A., & Fiske, S.T. (1998). Group entitativity and social attribution: On translating situational constraints into stereotypes. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 24, 1089-1103.
描述 碩士
國立政治大學
企業管理研究所
95355018
96
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0095355018
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 樓永堅zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 張伊婷zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) 張伊婷zh_TW
dc.date (日期) 2007en_US
dc.date.accessioned 11-Sep-2009 16:50:22 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 11-Sep-2009 16:50:22 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 11-Sep-2009 16:50:22 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0095355018en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/29906-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 企業管理研究所zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 95355018zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 96zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 認知實體性在社會學中已經是一個廣泛討論的概念,意謂著個人對群體成員一致性、協調性程度的認知,然而尚未有學者將此概念運用在家族品牌的分群中。因此,本研究檢視了實體性八個指標(互動、重要性、結果、目標、相似性、存續期間、大小、可透性)運用在家族品牌分類上的適切性。
     本研究選取十五個世界前百大品牌作為研究標的,並收集學生與工作樣本共六十一份。研究結果顯示,不論在學生或工作樣本中,集群分析的結果皆顯示三群為最適合的集群個數,集群間差異較大且較能解釋。
     其中,學生樣本的集群分析結果是顯著的,依照互動、目標、相似性、大小四項指標可以畫分為三群,且這三個集群的實體性有顯著的差異,以緊密型家族品牌的實體性為最高、其次為一般型家族品牌、鬆散型家族品牌。
zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) The concept about perceived entitativity is an established area in social cognition which means the degree of a collection of persons are perceived as being bonded together in a coherent unit. However, this concept has not yet been implemented to family brand evaluations. This research is to examine the applicability of using the eight entitativity measures (interaction, importance, outcomes, goals, similarity, duration, size and permeability) to analysis the differences of family brands.
     Fifteen family brands are selected from Businessweek’s 100 top global brands 2006 and sixty-one valid samples are collected. The research shows three-cluster solution is the most stable solution and also the most interpretable in both student and job sample.
     According to the differences of interaction, goals, similarity and size, family brands can be divided to three clusters in student sample and the entitativity ratings of the clusters is significant. The intimacy family brands is the highest in entitativity, followed by general family brands and loose family brands.
en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents 第一章 緒論 1
     第一節 研究動機 1
     第二節 研究目的 2
     第三節 研究流程 3
     第二章 文獻探討 4
     第一節 品牌及其對消費者的意義 4
     第二節 家族品牌 6
     第三節 實體性 9
     第四節 實體性在家族品牌上的應用 15
     第三章 研究方法 24
     第一節 研究設計 24
     第二節 問卷設計 29
     第三節 資料處理與分析方法 32
     第四章 資料分析與結果 35
     第一節 敘述性統計 35
     第二節 相關與迴歸分析 45
     第三節 集群分析 49
     第五章 結論與建議 57
     第一節 研究發現 57
     第二節 研究限制與後續研究建議 59
     參考文獻 60
     附錄(一) Lickel等學者問卷 63
     附錄(二) 本研究問卷 65
zh_TW
dc.language.iso en_US-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0095355018en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 實體性zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 家族品牌zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) entitativityen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) family branden_US
dc.title (題名) 實體性在家族品牌應用之研究zh_TW
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Aaker, David A. (1990). Brand extension: The good, the bad, and the ugly. Sloan Management Review, 31 (4), 47-56.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Aaker, D. A. (1996). Building strong brands. New York: The Free Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Aaker, D.A., & Keller, K.L. (1990). Consumer evaluations of brand extensions. Journal of Marketing, 54(1), 27-41.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Abelson, R.P., Dasgupta, N., Park, J., & Banaji, M.R. (1998). Perceptions of the collective other. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 2, 243-250.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Boush, M. David, & Babara Loken (1991). A process-tracing study of brand extension evaluation. Journal of Marketing Research, 28, 16-28.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Brewer, M. B. & A. S. Harasty (1996). Seeing groups as entities: The role of perceiver motivation. In E. T. Higgins & R. M. Sorrentino (Eds.), Handbook of Motivation and Cognition (Vol.3, pp. 347-370). New York: Guilford Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Campbell, D.T.(1958). Common fate, similarity, and other indices of the status of aggregates of persons as social entities. Behavioral Science, 3, 14-25.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Chernatony, L.D., & McWilliam, G. (1989). Branding terminology the real debate. Marketing Intelligence and Planning, 7 (7/8), 29-32.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Deutsch, M. (1949). A theory of cooperation and competition. Human Relations, 2, 129-152.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Farquhar, P.H. (1990). Managing brand equity. Journal of Advertising Research, 30(4), 7-12.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Freeman, L.C., & Webster, C.M. (1994). Interpersonal proximity in social and cognitive space. Social Cognition, 12, 223-247.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Gaertner, L., & Schopler, J. (1998). Perceived ingroup entitativity and intergroup bias: An interconnection of self and others. European Journal of Social Psychology, 28, 963-980.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Gürhan-Canli, Zeynep (2003). The effect of expected variability of product quality and attribute uniqueness on family brand evaluations. Journal of Consumer Research, 30, 105-114.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Hamilton, D.L., & Sherman, S.J. (1996). Perceiving persons and groups. Psychological Review, 103, 336-355.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Hamilton, D.L., Sherman, S.J., & Lickel, B.(1998). Perceiving social groups: The importance of the entitativity continuum. In C. Sedikides, J. Schopler, & C.A. Insko (Eds.), Intergroup cognition and intergroup behavior (pp. 47-74). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Haslam, N., L. Rothschild, & D. Ernst (2000). Essentialist beliefs about social categories. British Journal of Social Psychology, 39, 113-127.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Hastie R., & Park B. (1986). The relationship between memory and judgment depends on whether the judgment task is memory-based or on-line. Psychology Review, 93, 258-268.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Keller, Kevin Lane (1998). Strategic brand management. New Jersey: Prentice Hall.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Keller, Kevin Lane (2000). The brand report card. Harvard Business Review, 78(1), 147-157.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Keller, L. K. (2003). Strategic brand management, building, measuring, and managing brand equity. New Jersey: Prentice Hall.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Klink RR, & Smith DC (2001). Threats to the external validity of brand extension research. Journal of Marketing Research, 38(3), 326–335zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Kotler, P. (1994). Marketing management: Analysis, planning, implementation, and control. New Jersey: Prentice Hall.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Kolter, P. (2000). Marketing Management. New Jersey: Prentice Hall.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Lassar, Walfried, Banwari Mittal, & Arun Sharma (1995). Measuring customer-based brand equity. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 12 (4), 11-19.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Lickel, B., Hamilton, D.L., Wieczorkowska, G., Lewis, A., Sherman, S.J., & Uhles, A.N. (2000). Varieties of groups and the perception of group entitativity. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 78, 223-246.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Mahajan, Vijay, Vithala R. Rao, & Rajendra K. Srivastava (1994). An approach to assess the importance of brand equity in acquisition decisions. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 11, 221-235.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Mattila, Anna (2003). The impact of cognitive inertia on postconsumption evaluation processes. Journal of Academy of Marketing Science, 31, 287-299.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) McConnell, A.R., Sherman, S.J., & Hamilton, D.L. (1994). On-line and memory-based aspects of individual and group target judgments. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 67, 173-185.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) McGarty, C., Haslam, S.A., Hutchinson, K.J., & Grace, D.M. (1995). Determinants of perceived consistency: The relationship between group entitativity and the meaningfulness of categories. British Journal of Social Psychology, 34, 237-256.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Meyvis T, & Janiszewski C (2004) When are broader brands stronger brands? An accessibility perspective on the success of brand extensions. Journal of Consumer Reaserch, 31(2), 346–357.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Mullen, B. (1991). Group composition, salience, and cognitive representations: The phenomenology of being in a group. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 27, 297-323.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Park, C. Whan, Sandra Milberg, & Robert Lawson (1991). Evaluation of brand extensions: The role of product feature similarity and brand concept consistency. Journal of Consumer Research, 18 (September), 185-193.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Pitta, Dennis A. & Lea Prevel Katsanis (1995). Understanding brand equity for successful brand extension. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 12 (4), 51-64.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Tajfel, H. (1981). Human groups and social categories. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Tajfel, H., Billig, M.G., Bundy, R.P., & Flament, C. (1971). Social categorization and intergroup behavior. European Journal of Social Psychology, 1, 149-178.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Tauber, Edward M. (1981). Brand franchise extensions: New products benefit from extension brand name. Business Horizons, 24 (1), 36-41.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Weldon, E., & Weingart, L.R. (1993). Group goals and group performance. British Journal of Social Psychology, 32, 307-334.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Wernerfelt, Birger (1988). Umbrella branding as a signal for new product quality: An example of signaling by posting a bond. Rand Journal of Economics, 19 (3), 458–466.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Wyer, R.S. & Srull, T.K. (1989). Memory and cognition in its social context. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Yzerbyt, V. Y., S. Rocher, & G. Schadron (1997). Stereotypes as explanations: A subjective essentialistic view of group perception. In R. Spears, P. J. Oakes, N. Ellemers, & S. A.Haslam (Eds.), The social psychology of stereotyping and group life (pp. 20-50). Cambridge, UK: Blackwell.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Yzerbyt, V.Y., Rogier, A., & Fiske, S.T. (1998). Group entitativity and social attribution: On translating situational constraints into stereotypes. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 24, 1089-1103.zh_TW