| dc.contributor.advisor | 鄭宇庭 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.author (Authors) | 許石山 | zh_TW |
| dc.creator (作者) | 許石山 | zh_TW |
| dc.date (日期) | 2004 | en_US |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2009-09-14 | - |
| dc.date.available | 2009-09-14 | - |
| dc.date.issued (上傳時間) | 2009-09-14 | - |
| dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) | G0092354028 | en_US |
| dc.identifier.uri (URI) | https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/30891 | - |
| dc.description (描述) | 碩士 | zh_TW |
| dc.description (描述) | 國立政治大學 | zh_TW |
| dc.description (描述) | 統計研究所 | zh_TW |
| dc.description (描述) | 92354028 | zh_TW |
| dc.description (描述) | 93 | zh_TW |
| dc.description.abstract (摘要) | 抽樣調查是統計學很重要的一部份，抽樣方法恰當與否關係著調查結果的成敗，然而無反應卻是一個很棘手的問題。基於成本考量，一般都會假設其對估計結果不會造成太大的影響，然而事實證明，在很多時候無反應的確會影響到估計結果的準確度，準確度的高低必需與真實母體參數值做比較，我們較難取得真實母體的資訊，所以我們使用模擬的方式在不同情況下來證實使用二次訪問(也就是追蹤調查)其估計結果的準確度較一般訪問(不進行二次訪問)的準確度高出許多。這個結果在某些情況下是特別明顯的，當有反應者與無反應其所包含的資訊差異很大且無反應的比重較高時，一般訪問的估計結果偏誤情況會比二次訪問的估計結果偏誤嚴重。 針對無反應問題，許多學者提出一些補救的方法，例如加權法、插補法等等，然而至今沒有一個較明確且通用的方法可以有效改善無反應的偏誤問題，造成無反應的原因很多，我們只能針對這些可知的原因加以修正調查方式或內容；我們也不能假設有反應者與無反應者所代表的資訊會很相近，進而宣稱“可以只用有反應的樣本來估計母體參數並不會造成太大的偏誤”，我們只能從反應率方面著手來降低偏誤情況，提高反應率是我們可以努力的方向，從開始設計問卷到最後實施調查，中間很多環節都會直接或間接影響到反應率，我們只要針對這些環節多加考慮、規劃，盡可能免除會造成無反應的因素，相信對最後的反應率提高是很有幫助的。另一方面，追蹤訪問也是一個提高反應率的有效方法，針對第一次無反應的有效樣本再次進行重新訪問，如此也可以使偏誤降低，本研究著重在不同情況下進行二次訪問的效率探討及比較。 | zh_TW |
| dc.description.tableofcontents | 目 錄 第一章 前言...................................................1 1.1 研究目的..................................................1 1.2 研究流程..................................................3 第二章 文獻探討...............................................4 2.1 無反應的存在是否對調查結果有影響? ........................4 2.2 無反應的定義..............................................4 2.3 無反應的區分..............................................6 2.3.1 無反應依照範圍區分......................................6 2.3.2 無反應依有無意識區分....................................6 2.3.3 無反應依照發生時間點區分................................6 2.4 無反應形成之原因..........................................7 2.5 無反應問題的嚴重性及影響..................................8 2.6 無反應的處理.............................................12 2.7 如何提高反應率...........................................14 2.7.1 訪員是關鍵因素.........................................14 2.7.2 贈品或獎金的引誘.......................................15 2.7.3 追蹤策略的採用.........................................16 2.7.4 問卷設計的成敗.........................................16 第三章 研究方法............................................................18 第四章 模擬..................................................23 4.1 第一次模擬..............................................23 4.1.1 模擬步驟說明..........................................23 4.1.2 模擬結果敘述..........................................24 (1) MSE部份.................................................24 (2) 相對偏差(Biasp )部分....................................24 4.2 第二次模擬..............................................28 4.2.1 模擬步驟說明..........................................28 4.2.2 模擬結果敘述..........................................29 (1) MSE部份.................................................29 (2) 相對偏差(Biasp )部分....................................29 4.3 第三次模擬........................................33 4.3.1 模擬步驟說明..........................................33 4.3.2 模擬結果敘述..........................................34 4.4 第四次模擬..............................................36 4.4.1模擬步驟說明............................................36 4.4.2模擬結果敘述............................................37 (1) MSE部份................................................37 (2) 標準誤差部分...........................................38 (3) 相對偏差(Biasp )部分....................................38 第五章 結論與檢討...........................................50 5.1 模擬結果分析整理........................................50 5.2 結論....................................................51 5.3 檢討....................................................52 5.4 實務經驗分享............................................52 參考文獻.....................................................54 附錄.........................................................58 附錄一：S及W的標準差說明.....................................58 附錄二：第一次模擬的程式.....................................58 附錄三：第二次模擬的程式.....................................60 附錄四：第三次模擬的程式.....................................61 附錄五：第四次模擬的程式.....................................63 附錄六：模擬的統計圖程式.....................................65 | zh_TW |
| dc.language.iso | en_US | - |
| dc.source.uri (資料來源) | http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0092354028 | en_US |
| dc.subject (關鍵詞) | 無反應 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject (關鍵詞) | 追蹤調查 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject (關鍵詞) | NON RESPONSE | en_US |
| dc.subject (關鍵詞) | follow-up | en_US |
| dc.title (題名) | 在抽樣調查中運用追蹤樣本對無反應所產生偏誤的修正探討 | zh_TW |
| dc.type (資料類型) | thesis | en |
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