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題名 暴力與和平：列維納斯的道德形上學及其政治蘊義研究
Violence and Peace: Studies on Levinas`s Moral Metaphysics and its Political Implications
作者 鄧元尉
Teng ,Yuan-wei
貢獻者 沈清松<br>關永中
鄧元尉
Teng ,Yuan-wei
關鍵詞 列維納斯
和平
暴力
整體
無限
同一
他者
第三方
責任
正義
道德形上學
存有學
倫理學
政治學
拉比猶太教
他勒目
以色列
Emmanuel Levinas
peace
violence
totality
infinity
the same
the other
the third
responsibility
justice
moral metaphysics
ontology
ethics
politics
rabbinic Judaism
Talmud
Israel
日期 2005
上傳時間 17-Sep-2009 16:49:37 (UTC+8)
摘要 本文嘗試以和平問題與暴力問題為焦點，重新理解列維納斯道德形上學之梗概，並解決其政治蘊義所造成的疑難。列維納斯的哲學基本上是一種和平哲學，其所論之和平乃被界定為對暴力的非暴力抵抗，並在其前期作品中具體展現為倫理學對政治學的抵抗。但此一抵抗關係隨著列維納斯的思想進程而逐漸呈現出一種兩歧性，從而引發其思想是否前後不一致的批判，亦產生對和平之純粹性的質疑。筆者的努力即在於說明此一疑難的成因並構想一調和方案。筆者主張，應將列維納斯的思想進程視為一條闡發其倫理學之政治蘊義的思路，但這條從倫理學走到政治學的和平之路，須途經社會學的迂迴方才可能，而如此一種中介性的社會學之建構，惟在列維納斯的他勒目詮釋中獲得。因此，本文綜觀列維納斯的哲學作品與宗教作品，先是闡述責任倫理學的和平蘊義，再從其宗教詮釋學對以色列社群的刻畫得到那基於倫理學之社會學的基本模式，最後參照解構主義的批判，在對質疑政治學與回答社會學的構想中，統括列維納斯的倫理思想與政治思想。
Peace, as the non-violence resistance to violence, is one of the main topics of Levinas`s philosophy. In this dissertation, I attempt to summarize Levinas`s moral metaphysics and reflect its political implications by investigating the relation of peace and violence. The relation which in Levinas`s early works could be seen as an opposition between ethics and politics has some ambiguity in his later works that emerges in a dialectical way: ethics both opposes and demands politics. My opinion is that this problem can be solved by referring to his religious works, especially his interpretations of the Talmud. In brief, the path of argument is from ethics to politics through sociology. First, I describe the basic principles of Levinas`s ethical metaphysics by illustrating the typology of the other and the genealogy of the same, i.e. the phenomenology of the face of the other and the transformation from the same in itself to the same for the other. Second, I find the basic political model in terms of the hermeneutics of Talmud, especially the texts about the people of Israel. Final, I try to appeal to the postmodern thoughts in order to reconcile the risk of violence in Levinas`s religious works, and integrate Levinas`s ethical thoughts and political thoughts by constructing the politics of questioning and the sociology of response.
參考文獻 一、列維納斯作品
（一）書籍
Alterity and Transcendence, trans. Michael B. Smith, New York: Columbia University Press, 1999.
Autrement qu`être ou au-delà de l`essence, Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1974.
Basic Philosophical Writings, eds. Adriaan T. Peperzak, Simon Critchley & Robert Bernasconi, Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1996.
Beyond the Verse: Talmudic Readings and Lectures, trans. Gary D. Mole, Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1994.
Collected Philosophical Papers, trans. Alphonso Lingis, Pittsburgh: Duquesne University Press, 1998.
De l`existence à l`existant, Paris: Librairie Philosophique J. Vrin, Seconde édition augmentée, 1993
Difficult Freedom: Essays on Judaism, trans. Seán Hand, Baltimore: The John Hopkins University Press, 1990.
Entre Nous: On Thinking-of-the-Other, trans. Michael B. Smith & Barbara Harshav, New York: Columbia University Press, 1998.
Existence and Existents, trans. Alphonso Lingis, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, 1978.
God, Death, and Time, trans. Bettina Bergo, Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2000.
In the Time of the Nations, trans. Michael B. Smith, Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1994.
Le temps et l`autre, Paris: Presses Universitaires de France, 8e édition, 2001.
New Talmudic Readings, trans. Richard A. Cohen, Pittsburgh: Duquesne University Press, 1999.
Nine Talmudic Readings, trans. Annette Aronowicz, Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1990.
Of God Who Comes to Mind, trans. Bettina Bergo, Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1998.
On Escape, trans. Bettina Bergo, Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2003.
Otherwise than Being or Beyond Essence, trans. Alphonso Lingis, Pittsburgh: Duquesne University Press, 1981.
Outside the Subject, trans. Michael B. Smith, London: The Athlone Press, 1993.
The Levinas Reader, ed. Seán Hand, Oxford: Blackwell Publishers Ltd, 1989.
The Theory of Intuition in Husserl`s Phenomenology, trans. André Orianne, Evanston: Northwestern University Press, 2nd ed., 1995.
Time and the Other, trans. Richard A. Cohen, Pittsburgh: Duquesne University Press, 1987.
Totalité et infini: Essai sur l`extériorité, Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, Quatrième édition, 1971.
Totality and Infinity: An Essay on Exteriority, trans. Alphonso Lingis, Pittsburgh: Duquesne University Press, 1969.
《上帝、死亡和時間》，余中先譯，北京：三聯書店，1997。
《塔木德四講》，關寶豔譯，香港：道風書社，2001。
（二）單篇論文
"Philosophy and the Idea of the Infinite," trans. Alfonso Lingis, in Adriaan Theodoor Peperzak, To the Other: An Introduction to the Philosophy of Emmanuel Levinas, West Lafayette: Purdue University Press, 1993.
"Reflections on the Philosophy of Hitlerism," trans. Seán Hand, Critical Inquiry 17 (Autumn 1990).
"The Face of a Stranger," The Unesco Courier, 7-8 (July 1992).
"The Trace of the Other," trans. A. Lingis, in Mark C. Taylor, ed., Deconstruction in Context: Literature and Philosophy, Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1986.
（三）訪談
Ethics and Infinity: Conversations with Philippe Nemo, trans. Richard A. Cohen, Pittsburgh: Duquesne University Press, 1985.
Ethique et infini: Dialogues avec Philippe Nemo, Paris: Librairie Artheme Fayard et Radio-France, 1982.
Is it Righteous to Be?: Interviews with Emmanuel Levinas, Jill Robbins, ed., Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001.
"Dialogue with Emmanuel Levinas," in Richard A. Cohen, ed., Face to Face with Levinas, New York: State University of New York Press, 1986.
"Humanity is Biblical," in Questioning Judaism: Interviews by Elisabeth Weber, trans. Rachel Bowlby, Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2004.
"The Paradox of Morality: An Interview with Emmanuel Levinas," in Robert Bernasconi & David Wood, eds., The Provocation of Levinas: Rethinking the Other, London: Routledge, 1988.
〈揭開《塔穆德》的面紗：《世界報》Christian Descamps訪問列維納斯(Emmanuel Lévinas)〉，苑舉正譯，《當代》149 (2000.1)。
二、其他文獻
（一）書籍
1.外文
Hebrew-English Edition of the Babylonian Talmud: v.20 -- SHEBU`OTH, MAKKOTH, trans. Rabbi Dayan H. M. Lazarus, M.A., London: The Soncino Press Ltd., 1987.
Aristotle, Nicomachean Ethics: Translation, Introduction, and Commentary, trans. Christopher Rowe, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2002.
Audi, Robert, ed., The Cambridge Dictionary of Philosophy, 2nd ed., New York: Cambridge University Press, 1999．
Awerkamp, Don, Emmanuel Levinas: Ethics and Politics, New York: Revisionist Press, 1977.
Bergo, Bettina, Levinas Between Ethics and Politics: For the Beauty that Adorns the Earth, Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1999.
Bernasconi, Robert & David Wood, eds., The Provocation of Levinas: Rethinking the Other, London: Routledge, 1988.
Birnbaum, Philip, Encyclopedia of Jewish Concepts, New York: Hebrew Publishing Company, 1998.
Burggraeve, Roger, From Self-Development to Solidarity: An Ethical Reading of Human Desire in its Socio-Political Relevance According to Emmanuel Levinas, trans. Catherine Vanhove-Romanik, Leuven: Center for Metaphysics and Philosophy of God, Institute of Philosophy, 1985.
Burggraeve, Roger, The Wisdom of Love in the Service of Love: Emmanuel Levinas on Justice, Peace, and Human Rights, trans. Jeffrey Bloechl, Milwaukee: Marquette University Press, 2002.
Caputo, John D. & Michael J. Scanlon, eds., God, the Gift, and Postmodernism, Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1999.
Caputo, John D., ed., Deconstruction in a Nutsell: A Conversation with Jacques Derrida, New York: Fordham University Press, 1997.
Caputo, John D., The Prayers and Tears of Jacques Derrida, Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1997.
Caygill, Howard, Levinas and the Political, London: Routledge, 2002.
Clines, David J.A., The Dictionary of Classical Hebrew, Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press, 1993.
Cohen, Richard A., ed., Face to Face with Levinas, New York: State University of New York Press, 1986.
Cohen, Richard A., Elevations: The Height of the Good in Rosenzweig and Levinas, Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1994.
Craig, Edward, ed., Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy, CD-ROM, version 1.0, London: Routledge, 1998.
Critchley, Simon & Robert Bernasconi, eds., The Cambridge Companion to Levinas, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002.
Critchley, Simon, The Ethics of Deconstruction: Derrida and Levinas, Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2nd ed., 1999.
David H. Stern, Complete Jewish Bible: An English Version of the Tanakh (Old Testament) and B`rit Hadashah (New Testament), Clarksville: Jewish New Testament Publications, INC., 1998.
Davis, Colin, Levinas: An Introduction, Cambridge: Polity Press, 1996.
Derrida, Jacques & Gianni Vattimo, eds., Religion, Cambridge: Polity Press, 1998.
Derrida, Jacques, Adieu: To Emmanuel Levinas, trans. Pascale-Anne Brault & Michael Naas, Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1999.
Derrida, Jacques, Speech and Phenomena: and Other Essays on Husserl`s Theory of Signs, trans. David B. Allison, Evanston: Northwestern University Press, 1973.
Derrida, Jacques, Writing and Difference, trans. Alan Bass, Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1978.
Descartes, René, The Philosophical Works of Descartes, trans. E. S. Haldane & G. R. T. Ross, New York: Dover Publications, 1955.
Dreyfus, Hubert L., Being-in-the-World: A Commentary on Heidegger`s Being and Time, Division I, Cambridge: The MIT Press, 1991.
Dudiak, Jeffrey, The Intrigue of Ethics: A Reading of the Idea of Discourse in the Thought of Emmanuel Levinas, New York: Fordham University Press, 2001.
Duncan, Diane Moira, The Pre-Text of Ethics: On Derrida and Levinas, New York: Peter Lang Publishing, Inc., 2001.
Friedländer, Paul, Plato 1: Introduction, trans. Hans Meyerhoff, Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2nd ed., 1969.
Geertz, Clifford, The Interpretation of Cultures: Selected Essays, New York: Basic Books, Inc., 1973.
Gibbs, Robert, Correlations in Rosenzweig and Levinas, Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1992.
Heidegger, Martin, Being and Time, trans. John Macquarrie & Edward Robinson, Oxford: Blackwell, 1962.
Heidegger, Martin, Sein und Zeit, Tübingen: Max Niemeyer Verlag GmbH, 18. Aufl., 2001.
Inwood, Michael, A Heidegger Dictionary, Oxford: Blackwell Publishers Ltd, 1999.
Kant, Immanuel, Groundwork of the Metaphysic of Morals, trans. H. J. Paton, New York: Harp & Row, Publishers, Incorporated, 1964.
Keenan, Dennis King, Death and Responsibility: The "Work" of Levinas, New York: State University of New York Press, 1999.
Kunz, George, The Paradox of Power and Weakness: Levinas and an Alternative Paradigm for Psychology, New York: State University of New York Press, 1998.
Liddell, Henry George & Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon , Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1968.
Luhmann, Niklas, Social Systems, trans. John Bednarz, Jr. & Dirk Baecker, Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1995.
Manning, Robert John Sheffler, Beyond Ethics to Justice through Levinas and Derrida: The Legacy of Levinas, Quincy: Franciscan Press, 2001.
Marcel, Gabriel, The Mystery of Being: I. Reflection & Mystery, trans. G. S. Fraser, South Bend: Gateway Editions, LTD., 1950.
Milchman, Alan & Alan Rosenberg, eds., Postmodernism and Holocaust, Amsterdam: Rodopi, 1998.
Moyn, Samuel, Origins of the Other: Emmanuel Levinas between Revelation and Ethics, Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 2005.
Neusner, Jacob & William Scott Green, eds. Dictionary of Judaism in the Biblical Period: 450 B.C.E. to 600 C.E., Peabody: Hendrickson Publishers, Inc., 1999.
Neusner, Jacob, Introduction to Rabbinic Literature, New York: Doubleday, 1994.
Peperzak, Adriaan Theodoor, Beyond: The Philosophy of Emmanuel Levinas, Evanston: Northwestern University Press, 1997.
Peperzak, Adriaan Theodoor, ed., Ethics as First Philosophy: the Significance of Emmanuel Levinas for Philosophy, Literature and Religion, New York: Routledge, 1995.
Peperzak, Adriaan Theodoor, To the Other: An Introduction to the Philosophy of Emmanuel Levinas, West Lafayette: Purdue University Press, 1993.
Plato, The Collected Dialogues of Plato: Including the Letters, eds. Edith Hamilton & Huntington Cairns, New York: Pantheon Books, 1961.
Rimbaud, J.N.A., Rimbaud: Complete Works, Selected Letters, trans. Wallace Fowlie, Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1966.
Robinson, George, Essential Judaism: A Complete Guide to Beliefs, Customs, and Rituals, New York: Pocket Books, 2000.
Rosenzwieg, Franz, The Star of Redemption, trans. William W. Hallo, Notre Dame: University of Notre Dame Press, 1985.
Ryden, Edmund, S.J.（雷敦龢）, Just War and Pacifism: Chinese and Christian Perspectives in Dialogue（《義戰與和平主義：中國與基督宗教思想的對話》），台北：利氏學社，2001。
Simmons, William Paul, An-Archy and Justice: An Introduction to Emmanuel Levinas`s Political Thought, Lanham: Lexington Books, 2003.
Srajek, Martin C., In the Margins of Deconstruction: Jewish Conceptions of Ethics in Emmanuel Levinas and Jacques Derrida , Pittsburgh: Duquesne University Press, 1998.
Stemberger, Günter, Introduction to the Talmud and Midrash, trans. Markus Bockmuehl, Edinburgh: T & T Clark Ltd., 2nd ed., 1996.
Stone, Ira F., Reading Levinas/Reading Talmud: An Introduction, Philadelphia: The Jewish Publication Society, 1998.
Taylor, Mark C., ed., Deconstruction in Context: Literature and Philosophy, Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1986.
Weber, Elisabeth, Questioning Judaism: Interviews by Elisabeth Weber, trans. Rachel Bowlby, Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2004.
Wyschogrod, Edith, Emmanuel Levinas: The Problem of Ethical Metaphysics, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, 1974.
2.中文
Harris, R. Laird, Gleason L. Archer & Bruce K. Waltke, eds.，《舊約神學辭典》，台北：中華福音神學院出版社，1995。
Kneer, Georg & Armin Nassehi，《盧曼社會系統理論導引》，魯貴顯譯，台北：巨流，1998。
王正中主編，《聖經原文串珠註解》，台北：浸宣出版社，1992。
杜小真，《勒維納斯》，台北：遠流出版事業股份有限公司，1994。
杜思妥也夫斯基(Fyodor Dostoyevsky)，《卡拉馬助夫兄弟們》，耿濟之譯，台北：志文出版社，再版，1999。
沈清松，《物理之後：形上學的發展》，台北：牛頓出版股份有限公司，1994。
貝格爾(Peter Berger)《天使的傳言：現代社會與超自然的再發現》，高師寧譯，香港：漢語基督教文化研究所，1996。
柯普斯登(Frederick Copleston)，《西洋哲學史：第七卷，菲希特到尼采》，林如心譯，台北：黎明文化事業股份有限公司，1991。
苗力田主編，《古希臘哲學》，台北：七略出版社，1995。
倪梁康編，《面對實事本身：現象學經典文選》，北京：東方出版社，2000。
海德格(Martin Heidegger)，《路標》，孫周興譯，台北：時報文化出版企業股份有限公司，1998。
紐斯納(Jacob Neusner)，《猶太教》，周偉馳譯，台北：麥田出版，2002。
教宗若望保祿二世(John Paul II)，《跨越希望的門檻》，楊成斌譯，台北：立緒文化事業有限公司，1995。
莫倫(Dermot Moran)，《現象學導論》，蔡錚雲譯，台北：桂冠圖書股份有限公司，2005。
莫特曼(Jürgen Moltmann)《公義創建未來：和平政治與造物倫理》，鄧肇明譯（香港：基道書樓有限公司，1992）
傅有德，《現代猶太哲學》，北京：人民出版社，1999。
華爾納(Fritz Wallner)，《建構實在論》，王榮麟、王超群譯，台北：五南，1997。
黃天海，《希臘化時期的猶太思想》，上海：人民出版社，1999。
黃藿，《理性、德行與幸福：亞里斯多德倫理學研究》，台北：台灣學生書局，1996。
維瑟爾(Elie Wiesel)，《一個猶太人在今天》，賴惠辛譯，台北：探索文化事業有限公司，2000。
盧曼(Niklas Luhmann)，《宗教教義與社會演化》，劉鋒、李秋零譯，香港：漢語基督教文化研究中心，1998。
盧龍光主編，《基督教聖經與神學詞典》，香港：漢語聖經協會有限公司，2003。
鮑曼(Zygmunt Bauman)，《後現代性及其缺憾》，郇建立、李靜韜譯，上海：學林出版社，2002。
鮑爾(Walter Bauer)，《新約希臘文中文辭典》，戴德理譯，王正中主編，斗六：浸宣出版社，1986。
鮑維均等，《聖經正典與經外文獻導論》，香港：基道出版社與國際聖經協會，2001。
魏道思拉比(Rabbi Wayne Dosick)，《猶太信仰之旅：猶太人的信仰、傳統與生活》，劉幸枝譯，台北：聖經資源中心，2006。
關永中，《知識論（一）：古典思潮》，台北：五南圖書出版有限公司，2000。
（二）單篇論文
1.外文
Alford, C. Fred, "Levinas and Political Theory," Political Theory 32:2 (April 2004).
Atterton, Peter, "Levinas and the Language of Peace: A Response to Derrida," Philosophy Today 36:1 (Spring 1992).
Batnitzky, Leora, "Encountering the Modern Subject in Levinas," Yale French Studies, 104 (Fall 2003).
Bernasconi, Robert, "Different Styles of Eschatology: Derrida`s Take on Levinas` Political Messianism," Research in Phenomenology, 28 (1998).
Bernasconi, Robert, "The Violence of the Face: Peace and Language in the Thought of Levinas," Philosophy & Social Criticism 23:6 (November 1997).
Caldwell, Anne, "Fairy Tales for Politics: The Other, Once More," Philosophy Today, 41:1 (Spring, 1997).
Caputo, John D., "The Good News about Alterity: Derrida and Theology," Faith and Philosophy 10:4 (October 1993).
Caruana, John, "Lévinas`s Critique of the Sacred," International Philosophical Quarterly 42:4 (December 2002).
Cohen, Richard A., "Levinas, Rosenzweig, and the Phenomenologies of Husserl and Heidegger," Philosophy Today 32:2 (Summer 1988).
Cohen, Richard A., "`Political Monotheism`: Levinas on Politics, Ethics and Religion," from http://ghansel.free.fr/richard.pdf.
Critchley, Simon, "Five Problems in Levinas`s View of Politics and Sketch of a Solution to Them," Political Theory 32:2 (April 2004).
Duncan, Roger B., "Living Levinas: Non-intentional Consciousness in Levinas and Karol Wojtyla," Phenomenological Inquiry: A Review of Philosophical Ideas and Trends 24 (October 2000).
Dupuis, Michel, "Human Dignity and Glory of the Infinite: A Suggestion from Malebranche to Levinas"，輔仁大學：基督宗教哲學與人性尊嚴學術研討會(2002.12)。
Gschwandtner, Christina M., "Ethics, Eros, or Caritas?: Levinas and Marion on Individuation of the Other," Philosophy Today 49:1 (Spring 2005).
Hansel, Georges, "Emmanuel Lévinas (1906-1995)," Philosophy Today 43:2 (Summer 1999).
Herzog, Annabel, "Is Liberalism `All We Need`?: Lévinas`s Politics of Surplus," Political Theory 30:2 (April 2002).
Katz, Claire, "`Before the Face of God One Must not Go with Empty Hands`: Transcendence and Levinas` Prophetic Consciousness," Philosophy Today 50:1 (Spring 2006).
MacDonald, Michael J., "`Jewgreek and Greekjew`: The Concept of the Trace in Derrida and Levinas," Philosophy Today 35:3 (Fall 1991).
Miller, Hugh, "Phenomenology, Dialectic, and Time in Levinas`s Time and the Other," Philosophy Today, 40:2 (Summer 1996).
Nuyen, A. T., "Lévinas and the Ethics of Pity," International Philosophical Quarterly, XL:4 (December 2000).
Peperzak, Adriaan Theodoor, "Levinas` Method," Research in Phenomenology 28 (1998).
Sokol, Jan, "An Address from Elsewhere: The Message of Lévinas in the Czech Dissident Milieu," Philosophy Today 43:2 (Summer 1999).
Sussin, Luiz Carlos, "Ethics and Optics: The Occidentality of Lévinas from the Heart of the Americas," trans. Marcos Costa, Philosophy Today 43:2 (Summer 1999).
Wild, John, "Speaking Philosophy: John Wild`s Commentary on Totality and Infinity," Richard I. Sugarman, ed., Phenomenological Inquiry: A Review of Philosophical Ideas and Trends 24 (October 2000).
2.中文
尹樹廣，〈寬恕的條件與界限：苦難意識、記憶理性和有限度的超越性〉，《北京大學學報》（哲學社會科學版），40:5 (September 2003)。
卡普托(John D. Caputo)，〈不可能者的使徒：德希達與馬西翁的上帝概念與贈禮概念〉，鄧元尉譯，《道風：基督教文化評論》20 (Spring 2004)。
李永熾，〈他者、身體與倫理：列維納斯的存在論〉，《當代》149 (2000.1)。
孟彥文，〈勒維納斯的言說形而上學〉，《哲學動態》4 (2004)。
雲格爾(Eberhard Jüngel)，〈隱喻真理：從敘述神學的釋義學看隱喻在神學上的重要性〉，朱雁冰譯，《道風漢語神學學刊》8 (Spring 1998)。
德希達(Jacques Derrida)，〈信仰和知識：單純理性限度內的宗教的兩個來源〉，杜小真譯，《道風：基督教文化評論》20 (Spring 2004)。
鄭宇迪，〈生活在他方：列維納斯飄泊的哲學之旅〉，《當代》149 (2000.1)。
描述 博士
國立政治大學
哲學研究所
88154502
94
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0881545021
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 沈清松<br>關永中zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 鄧元尉zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) Teng ,Yuan-weien_US
dc.creator (作者) 鄧元尉zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) Teng ,Yuan-weien_US
dc.date (日期) 2005en_US
dc.date.accessioned 17-Sep-2009 16:49:37 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 17-Sep-2009 16:49:37 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 17-Sep-2009 16:49:37 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0881545021en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/33473-
dc.description (描述) 博士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 哲學研究所zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 88154502zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 94zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 本文嘗試以和平問題與暴力問題為焦點，重新理解列維納斯道德形上學之梗概，並解決其政治蘊義所造成的疑難。列維納斯的哲學基本上是一種和平哲學，其所論之和平乃被界定為對暴力的非暴力抵抗，並在其前期作品中具體展現為倫理學對政治學的抵抗。但此一抵抗關係隨著列維納斯的思想進程而逐漸呈現出一種兩歧性，從而引發其思想是否前後不一致的批判，亦產生對和平之純粹性的質疑。筆者的努力即在於說明此一疑難的成因並構想一調和方案。筆者主張，應將列維納斯的思想進程視為一條闡發其倫理學之政治蘊義的思路，但這條從倫理學走到政治學的和平之路，須途經社會學的迂迴方才可能，而如此一種中介性的社會學之建構，惟在列維納斯的他勒目詮釋中獲得。因此，本文綜觀列維納斯的哲學作品與宗教作品，先是闡述責任倫理學的和平蘊義，再從其宗教詮釋學對以色列社群的刻畫得到那基於倫理學之社會學的基本模式，最後參照解構主義的批判，在對質疑政治學與回答社會學的構想中，統括列維納斯的倫理思想與政治思想。zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) Peace, as the non-violence resistance to violence, is one of the main topics of Levinas`s philosophy. In this dissertation, I attempt to summarize Levinas`s moral metaphysics and reflect its political implications by investigating the relation of peace and violence. The relation which in Levinas`s early works could be seen as an opposition between ethics and politics has some ambiguity in his later works that emerges in a dialectical way: ethics both opposes and demands politics. My opinion is that this problem can be solved by referring to his religious works, especially his interpretations of the Talmud. In brief, the path of argument is from ethics to politics through sociology. First, I describe the basic principles of Levinas`s ethical metaphysics by illustrating the typology of the other and the genealogy of the same, i.e. the phenomenology of the face of the other and the transformation from the same in itself to the same for the other. Second, I find the basic political model in terms of the hermeneutics of Talmud, especially the texts about the people of Israel. Final, I try to appeal to the postmodern thoughts in order to reconcile the risk of violence in Levinas`s religious works, and integrate Levinas`s ethical thoughts and political thoughts by constructing the politics of questioning and the sociology of response.en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents 摘要 5
縮語表 13

第一章　緒論：作為和平證詞的哲學
第一節　問題意識 15
一、和平的籲求 15
（一）和平的可能性 15
（二）和平問題的基本範疇 18
二、和平問題的疑難 21
（一）和平的倫理性 21
（二）和平的政治性 22
三、關於和平疑難的幾種理解模式 24
（一）從列維納斯已說之倫理學思想來理解 25
（二）從列維納斯未說之政治學蘊義來理解 27
（三）從列維納斯言說行動所意味的宗教傳統來理解 29
第二節　預備工作 32
一、研究方法的考量 32
（一）和平疑難在方法論上的成因 32
（二）研究方法上的提議 37
二、論述策略的考量 41
（一）語言的兩歧性 41
（二）同一的自我指涉 45
（三）彰顯同一中的他者 49

第二章　和平的形上基礎：列維納斯已說的責任倫理學
第一節　暴力的哲學闡釋 57
一、暴力的初步界定 57
（一）暴力的定義 57
（二）暴力的哲學型態：存有學 59
（三）存有學批判之真義 63
二、暴力的基本模式 70
（一）同一概念探源 71
（二）同一的在世方式 72
（三）同一之暴力的在世體現 77
第二節　責任倫理學對暴力的抵抗 83
一、和平的哲學基礎：道德形上學 83
（一）分離的產生 84
（二）無限的觀念 85
（三）超越經驗之表述 89
二、和平的籲求：超越經驗中的他者 98
（一）絕對不可知的他者：死亡 99
（二）在家歡迎的他者：女性 102
（三）自我身內的他者：子嗣 104
（四）賦予自我獨特性的他者：父親 105
（五）面對面的他者：同儕 105
（六）無限臨近的他者：鄰舍 108
（七）發言震憾同一的他者：教師 111
（八）軟弱的他者：孤兒、寡婦、陌生人 120
三、和平的實踐：道德主體之證成 123
（一）同一與他者間的語言結構 124
（二）他者之召喚：作為誡命的道德令式 128
（三）同一之回應：作為責任的主體結構 132
（四）同一對和平誡命之實踐 144

第三章　和平的猶太向度：列維納斯言說的宗教詮釋學
第一節　從倫理學到政治學的轉進 155
一、政治學問題的提出 155
（一）《整體與無限》中的政治思想 155
（二）《存有之外或超越本質》中的政治思想 160
（三）後期訪談錄中的政治思想 163
二、解答政治學問題的嘗試 168
（一）和平政治學的理想 168
（二）和平政治學之思路的釐清 169
（三）和平政治學的理論模型 176
（四）和平政治學的猶太向度 180
第二節　宗教詮釋學的迂迴 187
一、類比於文本詮釋的政治學結構 188
（一）列維納斯的概念架構 188
（二）宗教詮釋學的概念間架 191
二、源出於文本詮釋的政治學構想 197
（一）他勒目之聖經詮釋的和平蘊義 198
（二）列維納斯之他勒目詮釋的和平蘊義 214

第四章　和平的普世宣講：列維納斯未說的正義政治學
第一節　質疑的政治學 227
一、質疑的可能性 227
（一）從一次訪談說起 228
（二）列維納斯的「恐他情結」 231
（三）對猶太特殊主義的批判 234
二、和平語言的可能性 239
（一）對倫理學之和平語言的質疑 240
（二）對倫理學之翻譯任務的質疑 250
（三）邁向質疑的政治學 257
第二節　回答的社會學 264
一、回答社會學的內涵 265
（一）和平語言之盈溢 265
（二）回答社會學的基礎：人性 273
（三）回答社會學的盼望：彌賽亞的國度 276
二、回答社會學的實踐：社會多元論 280
（一）民主：非暴力抵抗的教化力量 280
（二）寬恕：正義與和平擁吻 288

結語：邁向非暴力抵抗的靈性力量 297
附錄：列維納斯生平與思想小傳 307
參考書目 319		zh_TW
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dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0881545021en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 列維納斯zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 和平zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 暴力zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 整體zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 無限zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 同一zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 他者zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 第三方zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 責任zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 正義zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 道德形上學zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 存有學zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 倫理學zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 政治學zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 拉比猶太教zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 他勒目zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 以色列zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Emmanuel Levinasen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) peaceen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) violenceen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) totalityen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) infinityen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) the sameen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) the otheren_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) the thirden_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) responsibilityen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) justiceen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) moral metaphysicsen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) ontologyen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) ethicsen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) politicsen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) rabbinic Judaismen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Talmuden_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Israelen_US
dc.title (題名) 暴力與和平：列維納斯的道德形上學及其政治蘊義研究zh_TW
dc.title (題名) Violence and Peace: Studies on Levinas`s Moral Metaphysics and its Political Implicationsen_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 一、列維納斯作品zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) （一）書籍zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Alterity and Transcendence, trans. Michael B. Smith, New York: Columbia University Press, 1999.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Autrement qu`être ou au-delà de l`essence, Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1974.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Basic Philosophical Writings, eds. Adriaan T. Peperzak, Simon Critchley & Robert Bernasconi, Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1996.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Beyond the Verse: Talmudic Readings and Lectures, trans. Gary D. Mole, Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1994.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Collected Philosophical Papers, trans. Alphonso Lingis, Pittsburgh: Duquesne University Press, 1998.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) De l`existence à l`existant, Paris: Librairie Philosophique J. Vrin, Seconde édition augmentée, 1993zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Difficult Freedom: Essays on Judaism, trans. Seán Hand, Baltimore: The John Hopkins University Press, 1990.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Entre Nous: On Thinking-of-the-Other, trans. Michael B. Smith & Barbara Harshav, New York: Columbia University Press, 1998.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Existence and Existents, trans. Alphonso Lingis, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, 1978.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) God, Death, and Time, trans. Bettina Bergo, Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2000.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) In the Time of the Nations, trans. Michael B. Smith, Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1994.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Le temps et l`autre, Paris: Presses Universitaires de France, 8e édition, 2001.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) New Talmudic Readings, trans. Richard A. Cohen, Pittsburgh: Duquesne University Press, 1999.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Nine Talmudic Readings, trans. Annette Aronowicz, Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1990.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Of God Who Comes to Mind, trans. Bettina Bergo, Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1998.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) On Escape, trans. Bettina Bergo, Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2003.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Otherwise than Being or Beyond Essence, trans. Alphonso Lingis, Pittsburgh: Duquesne University Press, 1981.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Outside the Subject, trans. Michael B. Smith, London: The Athlone Press, 1993.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) The Levinas Reader, ed. Seán Hand, Oxford: Blackwell Publishers Ltd, 1989.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) The Theory of Intuition in Husserl`s Phenomenology, trans. André Orianne, Evanston: Northwestern University Press, 2nd ed., 1995.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Time and the Other, trans. Richard A. Cohen, Pittsburgh: Duquesne University Press, 1987.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Totalité et infini: Essai sur l`extériorité, Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, Quatrième édition, 1971.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Totality and Infinity: An Essay on Exteriority, trans. Alphonso Lingis, Pittsburgh: Duquesne University Press, 1969.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 《上帝、死亡和時間》，余中先譯，北京：三聯書店，1997。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 《塔木德四講》，關寶豔譯，香港：道風書社，2001。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) （二）單篇論文zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) "Philosophy and the Idea of the Infinite," trans. Alfonso Lingis, in Adriaan Theodoor Peperzak, To the Other: An Introduction to the Philosophy of Emmanuel Levinas, West Lafayette: Purdue University Press, 1993.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) "Reflections on the Philosophy of Hitlerism," trans. Seán Hand, Critical Inquiry 17 (Autumn 1990).zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) "The Face of a Stranger," The Unesco Courier, 7-8 (July 1992).zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) "The Trace of the Other," trans. A. Lingis, in Mark C. Taylor, ed., Deconstruction in Context: Literature and Philosophy, Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1986.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) （三）訪談zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Ethics and Infinity: Conversations with Philippe Nemo, trans. Richard A. Cohen, Pittsburgh: Duquesne University Press, 1985.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Ethique et infini: Dialogues avec Philippe Nemo, Paris: Librairie Artheme Fayard et Radio-France, 1982.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Is it Righteous to Be?: Interviews with Emmanuel Levinas, Jill Robbins, ed., Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) "Dialogue with Emmanuel Levinas," in Richard A. Cohen, ed., Face to Face with Levinas, New York: State University of New York Press, 1986.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) "Humanity is Biblical," in Questioning Judaism: Interviews by Elisabeth Weber, trans. Rachel Bowlby, Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2004.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) "The Paradox of Morality: An Interview with Emmanuel Levinas," in Robert Bernasconi & David Wood, eds., The Provocation of Levinas: Rethinking the Other, London: Routledge, 1988.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 〈揭開《塔穆德》的面紗：《世界報》Christian Descamps訪問列維納斯(Emmanuel Lévinas)〉，苑舉正譯，《當代》149 (2000.1)。zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 二、其他文獻zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) （一）書籍zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 1.外文zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Hebrew-English Edition of the Babylonian Talmud: v.20 -- SHEBU`OTH, MAKKOTH, trans. Rabbi Dayan H. M. Lazarus, M.A., London: The Soncino Press Ltd., 1987.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Aristotle, Nicomachean Ethics: Translation, Introduction, and Commentary, trans. Christopher Rowe, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2002.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Audi, Robert, ed., The Cambridge Dictionary of Philosophy, 2nd ed., New York: Cambridge University Press, 1999．zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Awerkamp, Don, Emmanuel Levinas: Ethics and Politics, New York: Revisionist Press, 1977.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Bergo, Bettina, Levinas Between Ethics and Politics: For the Beauty that Adorns the Earth, Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1999.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Bernasconi, Robert & David Wood, eds., The Provocation of Levinas: Rethinking the Other, London: Routledge, 1988.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Birnbaum, Philip, Encyclopedia of Jewish Concepts, New York: Hebrew Publishing Company, 1998.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Burggraeve, Roger, From Self-Development to Solidarity: An Ethical Reading of Human Desire in its Socio-Political Relevance According to Emmanuel Levinas, trans. Catherine Vanhove-Romanik, Leuven: Center for Metaphysics and Philosophy of God, Institute of Philosophy, 1985.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Burggraeve, Roger, The Wisdom of Love in the Service of Love: Emmanuel Levinas on Justice, Peace, and Human Rights, trans. Jeffrey Bloechl, Milwaukee: Marquette University Press, 2002.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Caputo, John D. & Michael J. Scanlon, eds., God, the Gift, and Postmodernism, Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1999.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Caputo, John D., ed., Deconstruction in a Nutsell: A Conversation with Jacques Derrida, New York: Fordham University Press, 1997.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Caputo, John D., The Prayers and Tears of Jacques Derrida, Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1997.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Caygill, Howard, Levinas and the Political, London: Routledge, 2002.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Clines, David J.A., The Dictionary of Classical Hebrew, Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press, 1993.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Cohen, Richard A., ed., Face to Face with Levinas, New York: State University of New York Press, 1986.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Cohen, Richard A., Elevations: The Height of the Good in Rosenzweig and Levinas, Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1994.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Craig, Edward, ed., Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy, CD-ROM, version 1.0, London: Routledge, 1998.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Critchley, Simon & Robert Bernasconi, eds., The Cambridge Companion to Levinas, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Critchley, Simon, The Ethics of Deconstruction: Derrida and Levinas, Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2nd ed., 1999.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) David H. Stern, Complete Jewish Bible: An English Version of the Tanakh (Old Testament) and B`rit Hadashah (New Testament), Clarksville: Jewish New Testament Publications, INC., 1998.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Davis, Colin, Levinas: An Introduction, Cambridge: Polity Press, 1996.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Derrida, Jacques & Gianni Vattimo, eds., Religion, Cambridge: Polity Press, 1998.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Derrida, Jacques, Adieu: To Emmanuel Levinas, trans. Pascale-Anne Brault & Michael Naas, Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1999.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Derrida, Jacques, Speech and Phenomena: and Other Essays on Husserl`s Theory of Signs, trans. David B. Allison, Evanston: Northwestern University Press, 1973.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Derrida, Jacques, Writing and Difference, trans. Alan Bass, Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1978.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Descartes, René, The Philosophical Works of Descartes, trans. E. S. Haldane & G. R. T. Ross, New York: Dover Publications, 1955.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Dreyfus, Hubert L., Being-in-the-World: A Commentary on Heidegger`s Being and Time, Division I, Cambridge: The MIT Press, 1991.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Dudiak, Jeffrey, The Intrigue of Ethics: A Reading of the Idea of Discourse in the Thought of Emmanuel Levinas, New York: Fordham University Press, 2001.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Duncan, Diane Moira, The Pre-Text of Ethics: On Derrida and Levinas, New York: Peter Lang Publishing, Inc., 2001.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Friedländer, Paul, Plato 1: Introduction, trans. Hans Meyerhoff, Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2nd ed., 1969.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Geertz, Clifford, The Interpretation of Cultures: Selected Essays, New York: Basic Books, Inc., 1973.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Gibbs, Robert, Correlations in Rosenzweig and Levinas, Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1992.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Heidegger, Martin, Being and Time, trans. John Macquarrie & Edward Robinson, Oxford: Blackwell, 1962.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Heidegger, Martin, Sein und Zeit, Tübingen: Max Niemeyer Verlag GmbH, 18. Aufl., 2001.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Inwood, Michael, A Heidegger Dictionary, Oxford: Blackwell Publishers Ltd, 1999.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Kant, Immanuel, Groundwork of the Metaphysic of Morals, trans. H. J. Paton, New York: Harp & Row, Publishers, Incorporated, 1964.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Keenan, Dennis King, Death and Responsibility: The "Work" of Levinas, New York: State University of New York Press, 1999.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Kunz, George, The Paradox of Power and Weakness: Levinas and an Alternative Paradigm for Psychology, New York: State University of New York Press, 1998.zh_TW
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