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題名 中國大陸外資企業獲利變動之決定因素
作者 呂維智
貢獻者 高長
呂維智
關鍵詞 中國大陸
外人直接投資
外資企業
獲利變動決定因素
Mainland China
Determinant of Profitability Changes
FDI
日期 2002
上傳時間 18-Sep-2009 10:13:11 (UTC+8)
摘要 本文主要探討影響外資企業進入中國大陸外資企業獲利變動之因素,分析企業在大陸投資經營環境改變(1993年與1996年間),企業的獲利變動是否會受影響,進一步比較在不同外資來源與不同投資型態下,座落不同地區別與投資不同產業別其獲利變動及其決定因素有何不同
     結果顯示,投資環境變遷對外商投資有影響,首先,大陸投資環境逐年改善,有利外商企業進行投資,但是仍須注意大陸內部的不穩定因素,如政治社會問題,不能只單純考慮經濟投資環境。且大陸外資政策逐漸進入調整階段,朝向與產業發展相結合的方向調整,廠商投資更應注意政策發展;其次,在影響外商企業獲利變動之決定因素方面,實證結果顯示,企業在設廠時的投資規模如果較大,顯然與賺取的利潤變動有正向相關之關係;另一方面,員工人數增加,獲利亦會增加。
     就企業營運方面而言,根據實證結果顯示資金當地取得比例與企業的獲利變動呈現負相關,外商企業自大陸貸款取得資金比重愈高,其獲利反而愈不利,另外對外資企業之機器進口比例提高,對獲利變動有正面影響,亦即企業進口更多機器設備,對獲利是有幫助。另外筆者發現,員工報酬等級的變動,對獲利變動呈現明顯正相關。就企業成立時間長短對獲利變動影響而言,筆者研究發現,在大陸的外資企業,愈後進者愈能充分表現在搭便車效果,對企業獲利明顯有利。
The goals of the thesis are researching the following:
     (i) Impact of investment environment and foreign investment policy changes in mainland
     China in recent years on foreign firms in mainland China;
     (ii) Determinant of Profitability change to foreign enterprises in Mainland China;
     (iii) Analysis determinant of different country firms, different industry firms, different
     entry modes and different locations of foreign firms in mainland China。
     The project concludes the following:
     1. The effort of liberalization and internationalization of Mainland China in recent years attracts the inflow of multinationals into Mainland China; with the entry into WTO the inflow will be further encouraged.
     2. Foreign investment profitability affected by policies and environment of Mainland China, firms should be more cautious in evaluating their investments in Mainland China.
     3. The scales and workers become larger and more, profits of firm will increase
     4. More local finance loan rate decrease profits of firms, because cost of loan increase after 1993
     5. Obtainment and keeping ability workers show well profits of firms and more efficient equipments do it, too.
     6. Early entry firm will not get more profit than latter entry firms; profitability depends on competence of firms.
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描述 碩士
國立政治大學
中山人文社會科學研究所
88261006
91
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#U000NQ63904
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 高長zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 呂維智zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) 呂維智zh_TW
dc.date (日期) 2002en_US
dc.date.accessioned 18-Sep-2009 10:13:11 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 18-Sep-2009 10:13:11 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 18-Sep-2009 10:13:11 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) U000NQ63904en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/34421-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 中山人文社會科學研究所zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 88261006zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 91zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 本文主要探討影響外資企業進入中國大陸外資企業獲利變動之因素,分析企業在大陸投資經營環境改變(1993年與1996年間),企業的獲利變動是否會受影響,進一步比較在不同外資來源與不同投資型態下,座落不同地區別與投資不同產業別其獲利變動及其決定因素有何不同
     結果顯示,投資環境變遷對外商投資有影響,首先,大陸投資環境逐年改善,有利外商企業進行投資,但是仍須注意大陸內部的不穩定因素,如政治社會問題,不能只單純考慮經濟投資環境。且大陸外資政策逐漸進入調整階段,朝向與產業發展相結合的方向調整,廠商投資更應注意政策發展;其次,在影響外商企業獲利變動之決定因素方面,實證結果顯示,企業在設廠時的投資規模如果較大,顯然與賺取的利潤變動有正向相關之關係;另一方面,員工人數增加,獲利亦會增加。
     就企業營運方面而言,根據實證結果顯示資金當地取得比例與企業的獲利變動呈現負相關,外商企業自大陸貸款取得資金比重愈高,其獲利反而愈不利,另外對外資企業之機器進口比例提高,對獲利變動有正面影響,亦即企業進口更多機器設備,對獲利是有幫助。另外筆者發現,員工報酬等級的變動,對獲利變動呈現明顯正相關。就企業成立時間長短對獲利變動影響而言,筆者研究發現,在大陸的外資企業,愈後進者愈能充分表現在搭便車效果,對企業獲利明顯有利。
zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) The goals of the thesis are researching the following:
     (i) Impact of investment environment and foreign investment policy changes in mainland
     China in recent years on foreign firms in mainland China;
     (ii) Determinant of Profitability change to foreign enterprises in Mainland China;
     (iii) Analysis determinant of different country firms, different industry firms, different
     entry modes and different locations of foreign firms in mainland China。
     The project concludes the following:
     1. The effort of liberalization and internationalization of Mainland China in recent years attracts the inflow of multinationals into Mainland China; with the entry into WTO the inflow will be further encouraged.
     2. Foreign investment profitability affected by policies and environment of Mainland China, firms should be more cautious in evaluating their investments in Mainland China.
     3. The scales and workers become larger and more, profits of firm will increase
     4. More local finance loan rate decrease profits of firms, because cost of loan increase after 1993
     5. Obtainment and keeping ability workers show well profits of firms and more efficient equipments do it, too.
     6. Early entry firm will not get more profit than latter entry firms; profitability depends on competence of firms.
en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents 第一章 前 言……………………….……………………………………1
     第一節 研究緣起與目的…………………………………………………1
     第二節 研究內容…………………………………………………………3
     第三節 資料來源…………………………………………………………4
     第四節 研究方法…………………………………………………………5
     第五節 研究架構與章節安排……………………………………………6
     第二章 理論與文獻探討………………….……………………………. 9
     第一節 對外直接投資的定義與動機………………………….…………9
     第二節 企業從事海外投資之理論探討……………..……………..……11
     第三節 企業經營績效之理論文獻………………………………..……19
     第四節 相關實證文獻回顧…………….…………………………….…23
     第五節 小結……………………………………………….………….…34
     第三章 大陸外資政策之歷程與變遷……………………………..……37
     第一節 吸引外資政策與歷程…..………………………………………38
     第二節 1993年-1996前後年大陸投資環境之變遷……………….…..43
     第三節 外人投資的來源、分布地區、產業結構…………………..…47
     第四節 小結………………………………………………………….….56
     第四章 研究方法與主要假設……………………………………..……59
     第一節 研究方法與設計……………………………………………..…60
     第二節 實證模型的設定與主要假設…………………………………..65
     第三節 小結……………………………………………………………..74
     第五章 實證結果…………………………………….…………….…..…75
     第一節 大陸外資企業獲利變動之決定因素…………………….…….75
     第二節 不同外資來源別獲利變動決定因素比較分析……….……….80
     第三節 不同投資型態外商企業獲利變動之決定因素之比較….…….82
     第四節 座落不同地區別外商獲利變動決定因素之比較……………..84
     第五節 不同產業別外商企業獲利變動因素之比較……………..……87
     第六節 小結………………………………………………..……..……..91
     第六章 結論…………………………….……………….……………....93
     第一節 主要研究發現…………………..….…………………………...93
     第二節 政策意涵……………………..………..………….……...……..100
     第三節 研究限制與後續研究建議……………………………………..102
     
     
     
     圖次
     圖一: 研究架構圖……………………………..………………………….7
     圖二: 中國大陸吸引外資趨勢…………………………………..……….41
     
     
     表次
     表一: 折衷理論變數說明及整理……………………………..…....…...16
     表二: 大陸外商企業獲利狀況………...………………………………..22
     表三: 大陸三資企業比較………………………………………...……..26
     表四: 所有權型態對海外投資獲利之研究…………………….………27
     表五: 企業海外投資經營績效之衡量指標.……………...…………….31
     表六: 影響海外企業投資獲利之指標……………………………...…..32
     表七: 廠商經營績效衡量指標...………………………………………..35
     表八: 中國大陸歷年外人直接投資情況…………...…………………..40
     表九: 大陸吸引外資階段歷程……………………………..………..….40
     表十: 大陸主要外資來源國及直接投資金額……….………………48
     表十一: 中國大陸各省、市實際利用外商直接投資金額………..…...51
     表十二: 大陸外商投資行業結構的演變………………………...….….54
     表十三: 估計樣本廠商來源國結構…………………………………….62
     表十四: 估計樣本廠商座落地區分布結構…………………………….63
     表十四: 計量模型中各項解釋變數及其界定……………………...…..53
     表十五: 估計樣本廠商投資型態結構………………………………….63
     表十六: 估計樣本廠商產業結構……………………………………….64
     表十七: 計量模型中各項解釋變數及其界定……………………….…66
     表十八: 實證模型估計衡量變數與預期符號表……………………….72
     表十九: 相關文獻與本文採用之衡量變數比較表…………………….73
     表十七: 外商在大陸投資獲利性變動決定因素之估計結果…….……64
     表十八: 估計樣本廠商來源國結構……………………………….……69
     表十九: 不同外資來源國獲利變動決定因素之估計結果…..………...70
     表二十: 實證模型估計衡量變數與預期符號…………………….…72
     表二十一: 相關文獻與本文採用之衡量變數比較表………………….73
     表二十一: 不同投資型態獲利變動決定因素之估計結果……….……73
     表二十二: 外商在大陸投資獲利性變動決定因素之估計結果……….76
     表二十三 : 不同外資來源國獲利變動決定因素之估計結果………...80
     表二十三: 座落不同地區獲利變動決定因素之估計結果…………….77
     表二十四: 不同投資型態獲利變動決定因素之估計結果…………….82
     表二十五: 座落不同地區獲利變動決定因素之估計結果……….....…85
     表二十六: 不同產業類別實證結果…………………………………
zh_TW
dc.language.iso en_US-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#U000NQ63904en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 中國大陸zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 外人直接投資zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 外資企業zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 獲利變動決定因素zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Mainland Chinaen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Determinant of Profitability Changesen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) FDIen_US
dc.title (題名) 中國大陸外資企業獲利變動之決定因素zh_TW
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen
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