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題名 部落格影音混搭著作權問題及因應之研究
The Research of Copyright Issues of Audio-Visual Mashups on Blogs
作者 黃曉薇
Huang, Hsiao Wei
貢獻者 劉江彬
Liu, Chang Bin
黃曉薇
Huang, Hsiao Wei
關鍵詞 部落格
混搭
著作權
合理使用原則
創作共用
商業模式
Blog
Mashups
Copyright
Fair Use
Creative Commons
Business Model
CC
日期 2007
上傳時間 18-Sep-2009 20:02:03 (UTC+8)
摘要 隨著科技的進展,產生了許多新興的創作媒介與方式,使得終端的網路使用者不再甘於僅做為主流媒體所提供內容之接收者,也想進一步地成為內容的提供者,網路上混搭創作的興盛正是在此種潮流趨勢下的一種社會文化現象。網路混搭創作可依其創作內容之不同而區分為三種:網路混搭、影片混搭與音樂混搭;但其創作之方式都有一個共同的特徵:將不同來源之資訊、素材,經由混搭創作者發揮創意後,以嶄新面貌而呈現之作品。著作權制度之目的乃在促進人類智識文化之進展與累積,因此對於新興之網路創作也應賦予一定之保護,才能真正發揮著作權制度之功能。然而,現行著作權制度制定時並未充分考量到數位時代下各種創作方式與媒介之特性,所以並無法提供此類創作適當之保護。為了社會文化之發展,現行的著作權制度有其修正之必要,讓負責平衡公私益之合理使用原則能夠發揮其功能,而不再僅具有象徵性之意義,而是能更實際地落實保護之功能。此外,在現行著作權制度尚未修正前,本文也嘗試提出兩個體制內解決之方法:創作共用以及創新之商業模式。透過創作共用可以讓目前的著作權制度更有彈性;創新的商業模式則能讓所有著作權關係人能夠互利共生,更有助於問題之實際解決。
This thesis aims to study on copyrights concerning the mashups on blogs. The technology evolution brings about new media and new mode for creation and the end-users can both be the information recipients and providers. Mashups become one of the frequently adopted modes among the internet creation and the copyright of mashups call for a closer study.
The main idea of mashups is to mash and recombine materials taken from different sources with the creator’s own creativity. Mashups are regarded as a creation, which requires legal protection. However, the protections for mashups and their creators in current laws are still incomplete and needed to be amended for a better environment for creators. Beside the amendment of copyright laws, other solutions are as well available, such as Creative Commons and new business models. Creative Commons provides authors with some licensing clauses, which helps to create a more flexible creative environment. On the other hand, a good business model could transform legal issues into a commercial opportunity and provide the best solution for all parties related.
The first chapter of this thesis will outline the main purpose and possible contribution of this thesis.
The second chapter will introduce the blogs. The introduction will begin with the streaming technology and concerning legal issues. Streaming technology is a crucial factor in the developments and the functions of blogs. Further on, the thesis will elaborates the history and future trend of blogs. In the third section of the chapter, some main copyright issues of blogs will be brought into discussion.
The third chapter is the introduction of audio-visual mashups on blogs. The discussion begins with website mashup technology and the types of mashups. Remix Culture plays an important role in the development of mashups and its connection between audio-visual mashups on blogs will be elaborated. The chapter will also include some copyright issues of audio-visual mashups on blogs and a detailed discussion on the fair use doctrine of the current copyright law.
The fourth chapter will focus on the Creative Commons and new business models, which should be an alternative solution beside the law amendments. The discussion will involve with an introduction about Creative Commons. The ccMixter and Jamendo can be taken as two examples of combination of Creative Commons and audio-visual mashups. The chapter will as well include some latest digital music business models and suggestions for future mashup business models.
This thesis indicates the deficiency of current copyright laws concerning the protection of mashups and calls for attentions to the necessity of law amendments. In addition, the thesis propose two alternative solutions for the copyright dilemma: the Creative Commons and new business models, through which the mashups problems can hopefully dealt with in a more practical way.
參考文獻 壹、中文參考文獻
一、論文
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二、專書
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三、專文與期刊
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四、網路資源:
(一)網路文章
  吳尚崑(2000,10月),著作財產權存續期間之研究,2007年10月17日取自:<http://www.sunnylaw.com.tw/thesis11.html>
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  章忠信(2003,2月),著作權法基本原則,2007年10月16日取自:<http://www.copyrightnote.org/crnote/bbs.php?board=1&act=read&id=38>
  章忠信(2003,2月),『科技保護措施』與著作的『合理使用』,2007年8月8日取自:<http://www.copyrightnote.org/crnote/bbs.php?board=4&act=bbs_ read&id
=61&reply=61>
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(二)網站資源(最後瀏覽日期:2008/1/10)
1. 個人網站/部落格
  著作權筆記,<http://www.copyrightnote.org/>
  嘻嘻樂園(ccGarden),<http://blog.yam.com/ccgarden>
2. 企業/組織網站
  E世代公民對話誌(ALS),<http://www.als.org.tw/index.asp>
  台灣創用CC計畫(Creative Commons Taiwan),<http://creativecommons.org.tw/>
  亞太智財(ATIPS),<http://www.atips.com/index.htm>
  政大智慧財產研究所案例資料庫,<http://iip.nccu.edu.tw/iip/NEW-iip/page/c_0_7.htm>
  經濟部智慧財產局(TIPO),<http://www.tipo.gov.tw/>
  數位內容產業推動服務網,<http://www.digitalcontent.org.tw/>
貳、外文參考文獻
一、論文與專書
  Ball, Horace G. (1944). The Law of Copyright and Literary Property.
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二、專文與期刊
  Adelstein, Richard P.; Peretz, Steven I. (1985). The Competition of Technologies in Markets for Ideas: Copyright and Fair Use in Evolutionary Perspective. 5 Int’l Rev. L. & Econ..
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三、網路資源
(一)網路文章
  Axton, Neal R. (November 15, 2007). Fair Use and Mashups. Retrieved November 27, 2007, from the World Wide Web: < http://lawprofessors.typepad.com/law_librarian_blog/2007/11/fair-use-and-ma.html>
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  Fitzgerald, Brian (2005). Fair Use for “Creative Innovation”: A Principle We Must Embrace. A Submission in Response to the A-G’s Issues Paper on Fair Use and Other Copyright Exceptions. Retrieved October 15, 2007, from the World Wide Web: <http://www.ag.gov.au/www/agd/rwpattach.nsf/VAP/(AEEBC4E05675B564D2489B776B8B056A)~p151+Prof+Brian+Fitzgerald.PDF/$file/p151+Prof+Brian+Fitzgerald.PDF>.
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  Shirata, Hideaki (August 22, 2004). The origin of two American copyright theories – A case of the reception of English law. Retrieved October 16, 2007, from World Wide Web: <http://orion.mt.tama.hosei.ac.jp/hideaki/twocopy.htm>.
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  Terdiman, Daniel (February 27, 2006). `Copyright criminals` look to remix the noise—legally. Retrieved Nov. 8, 2007, from the World Wide Web: < http://news.zdnet.com/2100-9595_22-6043247.html>
(二)網站資源(最後瀏覽日期:2008/1/10)
1. 企業/組織網站
BitLaw, <http://www.bitlaw.com/index.html>
Chilling Effects Clearinghouse, <http://www.chillingeffects.org/index.cgi>
EFF, <http://www.eff.org/>
Last100, <http://www.last100.com/>
Web TV Wire, <http://www.webtvwire.com/>
Wikipedia, <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page>
YouTube, <http://www.youtube.com/>
2. 學術網站
Fair Use Network, <http://fairusenetwork.org/>
Fair Use News, <http://blogs.fairusenetwork.org/>
Free Expression Policy Project of New York University, <http://fepproject.org/>
Intellectual Property: Knowledge, Culture and Economy of Queensland, <http://www.ip.qut.edu.au/>
Samuelson Law, Technology & Public Policy Clinic of Berkeley, <http://www.law.berkeley.edu/clinics/samuelson/>
Stanford Center for Internet and Society, <http://cyberlaw.stanford.edu/>
Stanford Copyright & Fair Use, <http://fairuse.stanford.edu/index.html>
描述 碩士
國立政治大學
智慧財產研究所
93361017
96
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0093361017
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 劉江彬zh_TW
dc.contributor.advisor Liu, Chang Binen_US
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 黃曉薇zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) Huang, Hsiao Weien_US
dc.creator (作者) 黃曉薇zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) Huang, Hsiao Weien_US
dc.date (日期) 2007en_US
dc.date.accessioned 18-Sep-2009 20:02:03 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 18-Sep-2009 20:02:03 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 18-Sep-2009 20:02:03 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0093361017en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/36881-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 智慧財產研究所zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 93361017zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 96zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 隨著科技的進展,產生了許多新興的創作媒介與方式,使得終端的網路使用者不再甘於僅做為主流媒體所提供內容之接收者,也想進一步地成為內容的提供者,網路上混搭創作的興盛正是在此種潮流趨勢下的一種社會文化現象。網路混搭創作可依其創作內容之不同而區分為三種:網路混搭、影片混搭與音樂混搭;但其創作之方式都有一個共同的特徵:將不同來源之資訊、素材,經由混搭創作者發揮創意後,以嶄新面貌而呈現之作品。著作權制度之目的乃在促進人類智識文化之進展與累積,因此對於新興之網路創作也應賦予一定之保護,才能真正發揮著作權制度之功能。然而,現行著作權制度制定時並未充分考量到數位時代下各種創作方式與媒介之特性,所以並無法提供此類創作適當之保護。為了社會文化之發展,現行的著作權制度有其修正之必要,讓負責平衡公私益之合理使用原則能夠發揮其功能,而不再僅具有象徵性之意義,而是能更實際地落實保護之功能。此外,在現行著作權制度尚未修正前,本文也嘗試提出兩個體制內解決之方法:創作共用以及創新之商業模式。透過創作共用可以讓目前的著作權制度更有彈性;創新的商業模式則能讓所有著作權關係人能夠互利共生,更有助於問題之實際解決。zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) This thesis aims to study on copyrights concerning the mashups on blogs. The technology evolution brings about new media and new mode for creation and the end-users can both be the information recipients and providers. Mashups become one of the frequently adopted modes among the internet creation and the copyright of mashups call for a closer study.
The main idea of mashups is to mash and recombine materials taken from different sources with the creator’s own creativity. Mashups are regarded as a creation, which requires legal protection. However, the protections for mashups and their creators in current laws are still incomplete and needed to be amended for a better environment for creators. Beside the amendment of copyright laws, other solutions are as well available, such as Creative Commons and new business models. Creative Commons provides authors with some licensing clauses, which helps to create a more flexible creative environment. On the other hand, a good business model could transform legal issues into a commercial opportunity and provide the best solution for all parties related.
The first chapter of this thesis will outline the main purpose and possible contribution of this thesis.
The second chapter will introduce the blogs. The introduction will begin with the streaming technology and concerning legal issues. Streaming technology is a crucial factor in the developments and the functions of blogs. Further on, the thesis will elaborates the history and future trend of blogs. In the third section of the chapter, some main copyright issues of blogs will be brought into discussion.
The third chapter is the introduction of audio-visual mashups on blogs. The discussion begins with website mashup technology and the types of mashups. Remix Culture plays an important role in the development of mashups and its connection between audio-visual mashups on blogs will be elaborated. The chapter will also include some copyright issues of audio-visual mashups on blogs and a detailed discussion on the fair use doctrine of the current copyright law.
The fourth chapter will focus on the Creative Commons and new business models, which should be an alternative solution beside the law amendments. The discussion will involve with an introduction about Creative Commons. The ccMixter and Jamendo can be taken as two examples of combination of Creative Commons and audio-visual mashups. The chapter will as well include some latest digital music business models and suggestions for future mashup business models.
This thesis indicates the deficiency of current copyright laws concerning the protection of mashups and calls for attentions to the necessity of law amendments. In addition, the thesis propose two alternative solutions for the copyright dilemma: the Creative Commons and new business models, through which the mashups problems can hopefully dealt with in a more practical way.
en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents 第一章 緒論
 第一節 研究動機
 第二節 研究目的
 第三節 研究範圍
  壹 研究範圍
  貳 研究限制
 第四節 研究架構

第二章 部落格概論
 第一節 串流技術概論
  壹 串流技術
  貳 串流技術相關之著作權爭議
 第二節 部落格之發展沿革
  壹 美國之發展
  貳 我國之發展
  参 部落格之定義
  肆 部落格之類型
  伍 部落格之發展趨勢
 第三節 部落格之著作權爭議
  壹 各種部落格創作之權利歸屬與利用
  貳 部落格與合理使用原則
 第四節 小結

第三章 部落格影音混搭創作概論
 第一節 網路新應用—混搭(Mashups)
  壹 混搭架構(Mashup Architecture)
  貳 其他相關技術
  参 混搭之類型
 第二節 混搭文化
  壹 混合文化(Remix Culture)
  貳 部落格影音混搭文化
 第三節 部落格影音混搭之問題研究
  壹 部落格影音混搭之著作權爭議
  貳 部落格影音混搭與合理使用原則
 第四節 合理使用原則之重塑

第四章 創作共用與商業模式
 第一節 創作共用概論
  壹 創作共用之發展沿革
  貳 創作共用之授權條款
 第二節 創作共用與部落格影音混搭
  壹 ccMixter
  貳 Jamendo
 第三節 影音混搭之商業模式
  壹 數位音樂之新興商業模式
  貳 影音混搭之商業模式
 第四節 小結

第五章 結論與建議
 第一節 研究發現
 第二節 研究意涵
  壹 本研究對於影音著作權利人之意涵
  貳 本研究對於影音混搭創作者之意涵
  参 本研究對於相關政府單位之意涵
 第三節 未來研究建議
  【後續研究建議一】
  【後續研究建議二】
  【後續研究建議三】

[參考文獻]
壹 中文參考文獻
 一 論文
 二 專書
 三 專文與期刊
 四 網路資源

貳 外文參考文獻
 一 論文與專書
 二 專文與期刊
 三 網路資源


[圖目錄]
【圖1】
【圖2】研究架構圖
【圖3】Flickr之介面設計
【圖4】素描部落格之介面設計
【圖5】YouTube之介面設計
【圖6】英國一行動部落格之介面設計
【圖7】Amazon.com所提供之圖書搜尋介面
【圖8】ChicagoCrime之犯罪地圖混搭
【圖9】Supreme Court Zeitgeist之新聞混搭
【圖10】HousingMaps.COM之房屋租賃地圖混搭
【圖11】Flickr的一個混搭網站「Tagnautica」
【圖12】Google Product Search之使用介面
【圖13】Diggdot.us之使用介面
【圖14】混合文化保護必要性示意圖
【圖15】影音混搭創作示意圖
【圖16】混搭影片「Must Love Jaws」
【圖17】混搭影片「Brokeback To The Future
【圖18】BOOTIE宣傳海報
【圖19】Bastard宣傳海報
【圖20】混搭音樂「American Edit」
【圖21】Magnatune之專輯平均售價
【圖22】Magnatune之CD專輯平均售價
【圖23】SpiralFrog之網站截圖
【圖24】We7之網站截圖
【圖25】Google Trend顯示Radiohead於搜尋量與新聞引用量上之增加

[表目錄]
【表1】著作利用目的與性質之分類
【表2】原著作之性質
【表3】占原著作之比例
【表4】利用部分對原著作潛在市場或價值之影響
【表5】影音混搭著作與合理使用原則之關係
【表6】合理使用原則之重塑
【表7】各種新興數位音樂商業模式之分析比較
【表8】影音混搭之商業模式
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dc.language.iso en_US-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0093361017en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 部落格zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 混搭zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 著作權zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 合理使用原則zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 創作共用zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 商業模式zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Blogen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Mashupsen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Copyrighten_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Fair Useen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Creative Commonsen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Business Modelen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) CCen_US
dc.title (題名) 部落格影音混搭著作權問題及因應之研究zh_TW
dc.title (題名) The Research of Copyright Issues of Audio-Visual Mashups on Blogsen_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 壹、中文參考文獻zh_TW
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dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)   吳國維(2007,6月),創造更和諧的智慧財產權環境,2007年10月18日取自:<http://mag.udn.com/mag/dc/storypage.jsp?f_MAIN_ID=2&f_SUB_ID=4&f_ART_ID=73772>zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)   章忠信(2003,1月),著作權法制中「科技保護措施」與「權利管理資訊」之探討,2007年10月21日取自:<http://www.copyrightnote.org/paper/pa0016.doc>zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)   章忠信(2003,2月),著作權法基本原則,2007年10月16日取自:<http://www.copyrightnote.org/crnote/bbs.php?board=1&act=read&id=38>zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)   章忠信(2003,2月),『科技保護措施』與著作的『合理使用』,2007年8月8日取自:<http://www.copyrightnote.org/crnote/bbs.php?board=4&act=bbs_ read&idzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) =61&reply=61>zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)   章忠信(2006,8月),網路鏈結面面觀,2007年10月19日取自:<http://openepaper.nat.gov.tw/epaper/org_new/9/09_07_9.htm>zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)   章忠信(2007,7月),從資訊分享到利益分配--YouTube--你的頻道,我的財富,2007年10月14日取自:<http://www.copyrightnote.org/crnote/bbs.php?board=2&act=read&id=138>zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)   劉靜怡(2006,2月),當「自由社會」不再有「合理使用」,2007年11月12日取自:< http://www.ithome.com.tw/itadm/article.php?c=35673>zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)   陳家駿、謝銘洋(2005,9月),電腦網路上使用之著作權法律問題探討,2007年10月16日取自:<http://www.ascc.sinica.edu.tw/nl/86/1315/06.txt>zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)   湯永鋼(2007,3月),案例:用戶為音樂付費的動機,2007年11月5日取自:< http://www.trb.cn/wordpress/index.php/2007/03/10/290/>zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)   黃怡騰(2001,8月),著作之合理使用案例介紹,2007年6月12日取自:<http://www.tipo.gov.tw/copyright/copyright_book/copyright_book.asp#c>zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) (二)網站資源(最後瀏覽日期:2008/1/10)zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 1. 個人網站/部落格zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)   著作權筆記,<http://www.copyrightnote.org/>zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)   嘻嘻樂園(ccGarden),<http://blog.yam.com/ccgarden>zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 2. 企業/組織網站zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)   E世代公民對話誌(ALS),<http://www.als.org.tw/index.asp>zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)   台灣創用CC計畫(Creative Commons Taiwan),<http://creativecommons.org.tw/>zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)   亞太智財(ATIPS),<http://www.atips.com/index.htm>zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)   政大智慧財產研究所案例資料庫,<http://iip.nccu.edu.tw/iip/NEW-iip/page/c_0_7.htm>zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)   經濟部智慧財產局(TIPO),<http://www.tipo.gov.tw/>zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)   數位內容產業推動服務網,<http://www.digitalcontent.org.tw/>zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 貳、外文參考文獻zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 一、論文與專書zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)   Ball, Horace G. (1944). The Law of Copyright and Literary Property.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)   Besenjak, Cheryl (2001). Copyright Plain & Simple.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)   Betting, Ronald V. (1996). Copyright Culture: The Political Economy of intellectual Property. Boulder, Colorado: Westview Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)   Bruns, Axel; Joanne Jacobs (2006). Uses of Blogs. New York: Peter Lang.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)   Florida, R. (2002). The Rise of the Creative Class.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)   Garner, Bryan A. (1996). Black’s Dictionary. St. Paul: West Publishing Company.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)   Gillmor, Dan (2006). We the Media: Grassroots Journalism By The People, For the People. Calif.: Oreilly & Associates Inc.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)   Goldstein Paul (1989). Copyright Principle: Law and Practice.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)   Hartley, John (ed.) (2005). Creative Industries. Oxford: Blackwell.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)   Howkins, John (2001). The Creative Economy: how people make money from ideas. London: Penguin.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)   Kline, David; Burstein, Dan (2005). Blog!: How the Newest Media Revolution is Changing Politics, Business, and Culture. Squibnocket Partners, L.L.C..zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)   Leaffer, Marshall A. (1999). Understanding Copyright Law 6 (3rd ed.).zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)   Lessig, Lawrence (1999). Code And Other Laws Of Cyberspace.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)   Lessig, Lawrence (2001). The Future Of Ideas: The Fate Of The Commons In A Networked World.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)   Lessig, Lawrence (2004). Free Culture: How Big Media Uses Technology and the Law to Lock Down Culture and Control Creativity. New York: The Penguin Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)   Litman, Jessica (2001). Digital Copyright, The Bargaining Table.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)   McCarthy, J. Thomas (1996). Public domain is the rule; intellectual property is the exception. McCarthy on Trademarks and Unfair Competition 1-4.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)   Morley, Paul (2003). Words and Music: A History of Pop in the Shape of a City. Bloomsbury.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)   Nimmer, M.; Nimmer, D. (1994). Nimmer on Copyright 8D-10.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)   Oler, Harriet L.; Kretsinger, Marilyn J. (1989). Copyright Law and The Fair Use of Visual Images. Fair Use And Free Inquery—Copyright Law And The New Media. John Shelton Lawrence et al. eds., 2nd ed.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)   Party, Willam F. (1994). Copyright Law And Practice.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Patterson, L. Ray; Lindberg, Stanley W. (1991). The Nature of Copyright – A Law of Users’ Rights.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)   Samuels, Edward (2000). The Illustrated Story of Copyright.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)   Suzor, Nicolas (2006). Transformative Use of Copyright Material.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)   Toyfl, Markus (2003). K-Logs, Definition und Analyse möglicher Erfolgsfaktoren. Diplomarbeit eingereicht an der Universität Krems.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)   Vaidhyanathan, Siva (2001). Copyrights and Copywrongs: The Rise of Intellectual Property and How It Threatens Creativity.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)   Weiler, Paul (2002). Entertainment, Media, and the Law (2nd ed.).zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 二、專文與期刊zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)   Adelstein, Richard P.; Peretz, Steven I. (1985). The Competition of Technologies in Markets for Ideas: Copyright and Fair Use in Evolutionary Perspective. 5 Int’l Rev. L. & Econ..zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)   Benkler, Yochai (1999). Free as the Air to Common Use: First Amendment constraints on Enclosure of the Public Domain. 74 N.Y.U.L. Rev. 354, 361.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)   Benton, Gary L. (March, 2004). The Digital Millennium Copyright Act: The Digital Copying War Between Hollywood And The Silicon Valley. The Metropolitan Corporate Counsel 18 (Northeast Edition).zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)   Boyle, James (2003). The Second Enclosure Movement and the Construction of the Public Domain. 66 Law & Contemp. Probs..zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)   Butler, Declan (2006). Mashups mix data into global service. Nature 439 (5).zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)   Carnachan, Rachael (1999). Sampling and the Music Industry: A Discussion of the Implications of Copyright Law. Auckland University Law Review 8 (4).zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)   Cornish, William R. (1993). The International Relations of Intellectual Property, 52 Cambridge Law Journal.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)   Damstedt, Benjamin G. (2003). Limiting Locke: A Natural Law Justification for the Fair Use Doctrine. 112 Yale L.J..zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)   Depoorter, Ben; Parisi, Francesco (2002). Fair use and copyright protection: a price theory explanation. International Review of Law and Economics 21.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)   Engle, Eric Allen (2002). When is Fair Use Fair?: A Comparison of E.U. and U.S. Intellectual Property Law. 15 Transnat’l Law.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)   Fisher, William (1998). Property and Control on the Internet. 73 Chi. –Kent L. Rev..zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)   Fitzgerald, Brian; O’Brien, Damien (2005). Digital Sampling and Culture Jamming in a Remix World: What Does the Law Allow? Media and Arts Law Review 10 (4).zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)   Gordon, Wendy J. (1982). Fair Use as Market Failure: A Structural and Economic Analysis of the Betamax Case and its Predecessors. 82 Columbia L. Rev..zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)   Heller, Michael A. (1998). The Tragedy of the Anticommons: Property in the Transition From Marx to Markets, 111 Harv. L. Rev..zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)   Holmes, Oliver Wendell, Jr. (1897). The Path of the Law, 10 Harv. L. Rev..zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)   Houle, Jeffrey R. (1992). Digital Audio Sampling, Copyright Law and the American Music Industry: Piracy or Just a Bad “Rap”? 37 Loy. L. Rev..zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)   Hughes, Justin (1998). The Philosophy of Intellectual Property. Georgetown Law Journal, 77 GEO. L. J..zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)   Jaszi, Peter (1991). Toward a Theory of Copyright: The Metamorphoses of “Authorship”. 1991 Duke L. J..zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)   Korn, Alan (2007). Issues Facing Legal Pratitioners in Measuring Substantiality of Contemporary Musical Expression. 6 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L..zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)   Lange, David (1981). Recognizing the Public Domain 44 Law & Contemp. Probs..zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)   Lape, Laura G. (1995). Transforming Fair Use: the Productive Use Factor in Fair Use Doctrine. 58 Alb. L. Rev..zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)   Lesser, Lori E. (2006). Advanced Seminar on Copyright Law 2006: Fair Use. 863 PLI/Pat.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)   Litman, Jessica (1990). The Public Domain, 39 Emory L.J..zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)   Mueller, Jennifer R.R. (2006). All Mixed Up: Bridgeport Music v. Dimension Films and De Minimis Digital Sampling. Indiana Law Journal Vol. 81: 435.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)   O`Brien, Damien; Fitzgerald, Brian (2006). Mashups, remixes and copyright law. Internet Law Bulletin 9 (2).zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) O`Brien, Damien; Fitzgerald, Brian (October 20, 2006). Digital copyright law in a YouTube World.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)   Packard, Ashley (2002). Copyright Term Extension, the Public Domain and Intertextuality Interwined. 10 J. Intell. Prop. L..zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)   Palmer, Tom G. (1990). Are Patents and Copyrights Morally Justified? The Philosophy of Property Rights and Ideal Objects. 13 Harvard Journal of Law and Public Policy, 6.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)   Samuelson, Pamela (2001). A Map of Public Domain and Adjacent Terrains. Digital Information,Digital Networks, and the Public Domain, Conference On The Public Domain At Duke University Law School.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)   Srikantiah, Jayashri (1996). The Response of Copyright to the Enforcement Strain of Inexpensive Copying Technology. 71 N.Y.U. L. Rev..zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 三、網路資源zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) (一)網路文章zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)   Axton, Neal R. (November 15, 2007). Fair Use and Mashups. Retrieved November 27, 2007, from the World Wide Web: < http://lawprofessors.typepad.com/law_librarian_blog/2007/11/fair-use-and-ma.html>zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)   Blood, Rebecca (September 7, 2000). Weblogs: A History and Perspective. Retrieved October 14, 2007, from the World Wide Web: <http://www.rebeccablood.net/essays/weblog_history.html>.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)   Boynton, Robert S. (January 25, 2004). The Tyranny of Copyright? Retrieved October 14, 2007, from the World Wide Web: <http://web.archive.org/web/20041018073641/www.cepr.net/Economic_Reporting_Review/nytimesarticles/tyrannycopyright.htm>.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)   Caro, Mark (April 24, 2006). Love those trailer mashups. Retrieved October 14, 2007, from the World Wide Web: <http://featuresblogs.chicagotribune.com/entertainment_popmachine/2006/04/love_those_trai.html>.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)   Fair Use Economy Represents One-Sixth of U.S. GDP (September 12, 2007). Retrieved November 27, 2007, from the World Wide Web: <http://www.ccianet.org/artmanager/publish/news/First-Ever_Economic_Study_Calculates_Dollar_Value_of.shtml>.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)   Fitzgerald, Brian (2005). Fair Use for “Creative Innovation”: A Principle We Must Embrace. A Submission in Response to the A-G’s Issues Paper on Fair Use and Other Copyright Exceptions. Retrieved October 15, 2007, from the World Wide Web: <http://www.ag.gov.au/www/agd/rwpattach.nsf/VAP/(AEEBC4E05675B564D2489B776B8B056A)~p151+Prof+Brian+Fitzgerald.PDF/$file/p151+Prof+Brian+Fitzgerald.PDF>.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)   Krazit, Tom. Google Makes Video Play with YouTube Buy. Retrieved Jan. 10, 2008, from the World Wide Web : <http://news.zdnet.com/2100-9595_22-6124094.html?tag=nl.e589>zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)   O’Hear, Steve (Sep. 12, 2007). Universal Music Group exploring ISP file-sharing tax. Retrieved Nov. 6, 2007, from the World Wide Web: <http://www.last100.com/2007/09/12/universal-music-group-exploring-isp-file-sharing-tax/>zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)   One College Librarian Worries About `Atomizing` Books ... (June 3, 2005). Information Technology, Volume 51, Issue 39. Retrieved October 17, 2007, from the World Wide Web: <http://chronicle.com/free/v51/i39/39a02501.htm>zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)   Schultz, Jason (May 16, 2007). P10 v. Google: Public Interest Prevails in Digital Copyright Showdown. Retrieved August 6, 2007, from the World Wide Web: <http://www.eff.org/deeplinks/archives/005259.php>zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)   Shirata, Hideaki (August 22, 2004). The origin of two American copyright theories – A case of the reception of English law. Retrieved October 16, 2007, from World Wide Web: <http://orion.mt.tama.hosei.ac.jp/hideaki/twocopy.htm>.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)   Sprigman, Chris (March 5, 2002). The Mouse that Ate the Public Domain: Disney, The Copyright Term Extension Act, And eldred v. Ashcroft. Findlaw’s Legal Commentary. Retrieved October 16, 2007, from the World Wide Web: <http://writ.news.findlaw.com/commentary/20020305_sprigman.html>.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻)   Terdiman, Daniel (February 27, 2006). `Copyright criminals` look to remix the noise—legally. Retrieved Nov. 8, 2007, from the World Wide Web: < http://news.zdnet.com/2100-9595_22-6043247.html>zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) (二)網站資源(最後瀏覽日期:2008/1/10)zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 1. 企業/組織網站zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) BitLaw, <http://www.bitlaw.com/index.html>zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Chilling Effects Clearinghouse, <http://www.chillingeffects.org/index.cgi>zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) EFF, <http://www.eff.org/>zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Last100, <http://www.last100.com/>zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Web TV Wire, <http://www.webtvwire.com/>zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Wikipedia, <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page>zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) YouTube, <http://www.youtube.com/>zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 2. 學術網站zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Fair Use Network, <http://fairusenetwork.org/>zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Fair Use News, <http://blogs.fairusenetwork.org/>zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Free Expression Policy Project of New York University, <http://fepproject.org/>zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Intellectual Property: Knowledge, Culture and Economy of Queensland, <http://www.ip.qut.edu.au/>zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Samuelson Law, Technology & Public Policy Clinic of Berkeley, <http://www.law.berkeley.edu/clinics/samuelson/>zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Stanford Center for Internet and Society, <http://cyberlaw.stanford.edu/>zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Stanford Copyright & Fair Use, <http://fairuse.stanford.edu/index.html>zh_TW