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題名 菁英、教育與代議政府：詹姆士彌爾政治思想之研究
Elite, Education and Representative Government: James Mill`s Political Thought
作者 廖斌洲
Liao, Bin Jou
貢獻者 蕭高彥
Shaw, Carl K. Y.
廖斌洲
Liao, Bin Jou
關鍵詞 彌爾
功利主義
代議政府
民主
教育
Mill
Utilitarianism
representative goverment
democracy
education
日期 2006
上傳時間 19-Sep-2009 15:41:11 (UTC+8)
摘要 本論文旨在從功利主義哲學的脈絡下來探討詹姆士彌爾的政治思想。
第一章檢閱過去研究彌爾思想的文獻，並提出問題意識，及本研究的焦點。
第二章著重討論彌爾的哲學面向。彌爾從人性論的角度出發，假設人對權力有高度的欲求，反映在政治上就會產生壓制他人的情形。此外，彌爾也假定人性具有可變異的特質，這是由於人具有觀念聯想的能力。他認為透過教育，可以將人性當中想要壓制他人的傾向導向為整體社群謀求利益，這個寄望便放在菁英的身上。唯有透過菁英，才能夠追求最大多數人的最大幸福。
第三章把焦點放在彌爾的政治理論面向。彌爾的政治關懷的起點在於批判已經無法保障人民的英國憲政傳統。彌爾認為保障人民的權利才是政府的目的。在彌爾理想的代議政府當中，人民具備選舉權可以牽制代表的行動。另一方面，由於代表是受過量好教育的菁英，因此必能以公共利益作為政治行動的主要考量。唯有透過代議政府，才能夠使統治者和被統治者的利益一致，進而保障人民的權利。
第四章把彌爾與邊沁及約翰彌爾進行理論上的比較。指出邊沁似乎沒有像彌爾那樣強調菁英在代議政府當中所扮演的關鍵角色。至於約翰彌爾，則比彌爾更強調，透過政治參與的過程來達成教育人民的效果，以提升整體民主的品質。
第五章將指出彌爾的政治思想在當代意義當中的貢獻。
參考文獻 一、 一手著作
詹姆士彌爾的著作
1966 James Mill: Selected Economic Writings. Chicago: the University of Chicago Press.（簡稱SEW）
1978 Utilitarian Logic and Politics: James Mill’s ‘Essay on Government’, Macaulay’s Critique and the ensuring debate. Edited by Jack Lively and John Rees.（簡稱ULP）
1992a Analysis of the Phenomena of the Human Mind. Vol. 1 & Vol. 2. London: Routledge.（簡稱APHM,I-II）
1992b Commerce Defended. London: Routledge.（簡稱CD）
1992c Elements of Political Economy. London: Routledge.（簡稱EPE）
1992e A Fragment on Mackintosh. London: Routledge.（簡稱FM）
1992f Political Writings. Cambridge; New York: Cambridge University Press.（簡稱PW）
邊沁的著作
1971 Handbook of Political Fallacies. New York: Crowell.
1977 Plan of Parliamentary Reform, in the Form of a Catechism, with Reasons for Each Article: with an introduction, Showing the Necessity of Radical, and the Inadequacy of Moderate Reform. New York: AMS Press.（簡稱Parliamentary Reform）
1982 An Introduction to the Principles of Morals and Legislation. London ; New York: Methuen.（簡稱IPML）中譯本：邊沁著，時殷弘譯，《道德與立法原理導論》。北京：商務。2006。
1983 Constitutional Code. Oxford: Clarendon Press; New York: Oxford University Press.（簡稱Code）
1988 A Fragment on Government. Cambridge; New York: Cambridge University Press.（簡稱Bentahm, FG）
2002 Rights, Representation, and Reform : Nonsense upon Stilts and other Writings on the French Revolution. Oxford: Clarendon Press; New York: Oxford University Press.
約翰彌爾的著作
1991 On Liberty and Other Essays. John Gray ed. Oxford; New York: Oxford University Press.（簡稱OL）
2001 《約翰˙彌爾自傳》。陳蒼多譯。台北：新雨。
二、 中英文二手著作
1. 中文部分
d’Entèves, A. P.著，李日章譯，2000。《自然法：法律哲學導論》。台北：聯經
卡爾˙貝克（Carl Becker），2002。《論獨立宣言：政治思想史的研究》。台北：左岸。
江宜樺，2001 《自由民主的理路》。台北：聯經。
江金太，1981，《歷史與政治》。台北：桂冠。
克羅齊（Benedetto Croce），2005，《十九世紀歐洲史》。北京：中國社會科學出版社。
亞里士多德（Aristotle），2001，《政治學》。台北：知書房。
亞瑟˙赫曼（Arthur Herman）著，韓文正譯，2003 《蘇格蘭人如何發明現代世界》。台北：時報。
哈特（H. L. A. Hart）著，許家馨、李冠宜譯，2001，《法律的概念》。台北：商周。
洛克（John Locke），1986，《政府論次講》。台北：桂冠。
埃力˙哈列維（Elie Halévy）著，曹海軍、周曉、田玉才、趙闖譯，《哲學激進主義的興起──從蘇格蘭啟蒙運動到功利主義》。吉林人民出版社。
埃德蒙˙柏克（Edmund Burke），《自由與傳統──柏克政治論文選》。台北：殷海光基金會。
許國賢，1993 《馬克弗森》。台北：三民。
許國賢，2001，《財產與政治：政治理論文集》。台北：桂冠，2001。
許國賢，2004，〈德性、干預與個人自由〉。《政治科學論叢》，第二十期，頁1-28。
許國賢，2005，〈民主的政治成本〉。《人文及社會科學集刊》，第十七卷第二期，頁271-297。
許國賢，2006，〈政治平等的再考察〉。《政治科學論叢》，第二十七期，頁41-68。
陳正國，2004，〈從利他到自律：哈其森與史密斯經濟思想間的轉折〉。《政治與社會哲學評論》，第十期，頁1-31。
陳思賢，1998，《西洋政治思想史---近代英國篇》。台北：五南。
張福建，2005，〈參與和公民精神的養成：彌爾（J. S. Mill）《代議政府論》的一種解讀〉。《東吳政治學報》，第二十一期，頁41-61。
雪箂（Percy Bysshe Shelley）著，楊熙齡譯，《雪箂抒情詩選》。台北：桂冠，2004。
黃俊龍，2003，〈民主社會的菁英統治：對密爾《論代議政府》的一個詮釋〉。《政治科學論叢》，第十八期，頁217-240。
路克斯（Lukes, Steven）著，1999《啟蒙教授漫遊記》。台北：時報。
摩爾（Jr. Barrington Moore），《民主與獨裁的社會起源：現代世界誕生時的貴族與農民》。台北：桂冠，1991。
盧梭（Jean-Jacques Rousseau），1987，《社會契約論》。台北：唐山。
蕭高彥，2001，〈從共和主義到激進民主──盧梭的政治秩序論〉，收錄於，蔡英文、張福建主編，《自由主義》。台北：中央研究院中山人文社會科學研究所。
蕭高彥，2002，〈西塞羅與馬基維利論政治道德〉，《政治科學論叢》（第十六期），頁1-28。
2. 英文部分
Bain, Alexander. 1966. James Mill: A Biography. London: Augustus M. Kelly Publishers.
Ball, Terence. 1982. “Platonism and Penology: James Mill’s Attempted Synthesis,” Journal of the History of the Behavioral Sciences. 18: 222-229.
Beer, Samuel H. 1957. “The Representation of Interests in British Government: Historical Background,” in The American Political Science Review, 51(3):613-650.
Berger, Fred R. 1984. Happiness, Justice, and Freedom: the Moral and Political Philosophy of John Stuart Mill. Berkeley, Los Angeles, London: University of California Press.
Birch, A. H. 1971. Representation. London: Pall Mall.
Bobbio, Norberto. 1987. The Future of Democracy: A Defence of the Rules of the Game. Trans. by Roger Griffin. Edited by Richard Bellamy. Polity Press.
Briggs, Asa. 1956. “Middle-Class Consciousness in English Politics,1780-1846,” in Past and Present, 9:65-74.
Burke, Edmund. 2001. Reflections on the Revolution in France. edit. by J. C. D. Clark. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
Burns, J. H. 1998. “J. S. Mill and Democracy,1829-61 (I)” in G. W. Smith (ed.) John Stuart Mill’s Social and Political Thought: Critical Assessments. London & New York: Routledge.
Burns, J. H. 1998. “J. S. Mill and Democracy,1829-61 (II)” in G. W. Smith (ed.) John Stuart Mill’s Social and Political Thought: Critical Assessments. London & New York: Routledge.
Burston, W. H. 1973. James Mill on Philosophy and Education. New York: Humanities Press.
Carr, Wendell Robert. 1971 “James Mill’s Politics Reconsidered: Parliamentary Reform and the Triumph of Truth,” Historical Journal. 14(3): 553-580.
Carr, Wendell Robert. 1972 “James Mill’s Politics: A Final Word,” Historical Journal. 15(2): 315-320.
Clark, J. C. D. English Society 1688-1832. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Conniff, James. 1977. “Burke, Bristol, and the Concept of Representation,” in The Western Political Quaterly, 30(3):329-341.
Dickinson, H. T. 1977. Liberty and Property: Political Ideology in Eighteenth-Century Britain. New York: Holmes and Meier Publishers.
Dickinson, H. T. 1999. “Democracy,” in Iain McCalman (ed.) The Romantic Age: British Culture 1776-1832. Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press.
Dinwiddy, J. R. 1975. “Bentham’s Transition to Political Radicalism, 1819-10,” Journal of the History of Ideas. 36(4): 683-700.
Duncan, Graeme. 1998. “John Stuart Mill and Democracy,” in G. W. Smith (ed.) John Stuart Mill’s Social and Political Thought: Critical Assessments. London & New York: Routledge.
Dunn, John. 1993. Western Political Theory in the Face of Future. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Fenn, Robert A. 1987. James Mill’s Political Thought. Ph. D. Dissertation. London University.
Fontana, Bianca. 1985. Rethinking the politics of commercial society: the Edinburgh Review 1802-1832. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Fontana, Bianca. 1990. “Whigs and Liberals: the Edinburgh Review and the ‘liberal movement’ in nineteenth-century Britain,” in Victorian Liberalism: Nineteenth–century political thought and practice. London; New York; Routledge.
Franse, J. J. M.1999. Authority and Utility: John Millar, James Mill and the Politics of History c. 1770-1836. Ph. D. Dissertation. University of Amsterdam.
Freeden, Michael. 1991. Rights. Buckingham: Open University Press.
Halévy, Elie. 1960. The Growth of Philosophical Radicalism. trans. by Mary Morris. Boston: Beacon Press.
Halévy, Elie. 1960. The Growth of Philosophical Radicalism. trans. by Mary Morris. Boston: Beacon Press.
Hamburger, Joseph. 1963. Intellectuals in Politics: John Stuart Mill and the Philosophic Radicals. New Heaven and London: Yale University Press.
Hamburger, Joseph. 1963. James Mill and the Art of Revolution. New Heaven and London: Yale University Press.
Harrison, Ross. 1983. Bentham. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul.
Hart, H. L. A. 1982. “Introduction” in Jeremy Bentham. 1982. Introduction to the Principles of Moral and Legislation. Edited by J. H. Burns and H. L. A. Hart. London: Methuen.
Hart, H. L. A. 1983. “Liberty, Utility, and Rights,” in Essays in Jurisprudence and Philosophy. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Harvie, Christopher. 1989. “Revolution and the Rule of Law (1989-1851),” in Kenneth O. Morgan (ed.) The Oxford Illustrated History of Britain. Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press.
Hill, Christopher. 1958. Puritanism and Revolution: Studies in Interpretation of English Revolution of the 17th Century. England: Penguin Books.
Hirschman, Albert O. 1991. The Rhetoric of Reaction: Perversity, Futility, Jeopardy. Cambridge Massachusetts, and London, England: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press.
Hume, David. 1978. A Treatise of Human Nature. Oxford: The Clarendon Press.
Kahan, Alan S. 1992. Aristocratic Liberalism: The Social and Political Thought of Jacob Burckhardt, John Stuart Mill and Alex de Tocqueville. New York & Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Kort, Fred. 1952. “The Issue of a Science of Politics in Utilitarian Thought,” The American Political Science Review. 46(4): 1140-1152.
Kumar, Krishan. 1988. The Rise of Modern Society: aspects of the social and political development of the West. Oxford, UK; New York, NY, USA: Basil Blackwell.
Lively, Jack & Rees, John. 1978. ‘Introduction,’ in (ed.) Utilitarian Logic and Politics. 1-52.
Mackintosh, James. 1991. Dissertation on the Progress of Ethical Philosophy: Chiefly during the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries. Bristol: Thoemmes.
Malthus, T. R. 1992. An Essay on the Principle of Population. Cambridge University Press.
Mill, John Stuart. 1937. Autobiography in The Harvard Classics. Vol. 25. Charles W. Eliot (ed.) New York: P. F. Collier & Son Corporation.
Oberg, Barbara Bowen. 1976. ‘David Hartley and the Association of Ideas.’ in Journal of the History of Ideas, 37(3): 441-454.
Pateman, Carole. 1970. Participation and Democratic Theory. London: Cambridge University Press.
Pearce, Robert & Stearn, Roger. 1994. Government and Reform: 1815-1918. Great Britian: Hodder & Stoughton.
Perkin, Harold. 1969. Origins of Modern English Society. London, Boston, Melbourne and Henley: Ark Paperbacks.
Pitkin, Hanna Fenichel. 1967. The Concept of Representation. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.
Pollard, Sidney. 1968. The Idea of Progress: History and Society. New York: Basic Books.
Ripoli, Mariangela. 1998. “The Return of James Mill,” in Utilitas 10(1): 105-121.
Rosen, Frederick. 1983. Jeremy Bentham and Representative Government: A Study of the Constitutional Code. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Rosenblum, Nancy L. 1978. Bentham’s Theory of Modern State. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
Ryan, Alan. 1972. “Two Concepts of Politics & Democracy: James & John Stuart Mill,” in Martin Fleisher ed. Machiavelli and the Nature of Political Thought. New York: Atheneum.
Ryan, Alan. 1984. Property and Political Theory. Oxford: Basil Blackwell.
Schapiro, J. Salwyn. 1967. “A compromise of Aristocracy and Radicals,” in Maehl, William Henry (ed.) The Reform Bill of 1832: Why not Revolution? New York Holt, Rinehart and Winston.
Schofield, Philip. 2006. Utility and Democracy: The Political Thought of Jeremy Bentham. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Schumpeter, Joseph. 1975. Capitalism, Socialism and Democracy. New York: Harper Torchbooks.
Smart. J. J. C. 1973. “An outline of a system of utilitarian ethics,” in Utilitarianism: for and against. UK: Cambridge University Press.
Stephen, Leslie. 1991a. The English Utilitarians: Jeremy Bentham. Bristol: Thoemmes.
Stephen, Leslie. 1991b. The English Utilitarians: James Mill. Bristol: Thoemmes.
Stevenson, John. 1992. Popular Disturbance in England, 1700-1832.
Stimson, Shannon C.; Milgate, Murray. 1993. “Utility, Property, and Political Participation: James Mill on Democratic Reform,” The American Political Science Review. 87(4): 901-911.
Thomas, William. 1969. “James Mill’s Politics: The Essay on Government and the Movement for Reform,” Historical Journal. 12(2): 249-284.
Thomas, William.1971. “James Mill’s Politics: A Rejoinder,” Historical Journal. 14(4): 735-750.
Thompson, Dennis. 1976. John Stuart Mill and Representative Government. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Urbinati, Nadia. 2000. “Representation as Advocacy: A Study of Democratic Deliberation,” Political Theory. 28(6): 758-786.
Urbinati, Nadia. 2002. Mill on Democracy: From the Athenian Polis to Representative Government. Chicago & London: The University of Chicago Press.
Wallech, Steven. 1986. “’Class Versus Rank’: The Transformation of Eighteenth-Century English Social Terms and Theories of Production,” in Journal of the History of Ideas. 47(3):409-431.
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描述 碩士
國立政治大學
政治研究所
92252009
95
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0922520091
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 蕭高彥zh_TW
dc.contributor.advisor Shaw, Carl K. Y.en_US
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 廖斌洲zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) Liao, Bin Jouen_US
dc.creator (作者) 廖斌洲zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) Liao, Bin Jouen_US
dc.date (日期) 2006en_US
dc.date.accessioned 19-Sep-2009 15:41:11 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 19-Sep-2009 15:41:11 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 19-Sep-2009 15:41:11 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0922520091en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/34539-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 政治研究所zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 92252009zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 95zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 本論文旨在從功利主義哲學的脈絡下來探討詹姆士彌爾的政治思想。
第一章檢閱過去研究彌爾思想的文獻，並提出問題意識，及本研究的焦點。
第二章著重討論彌爾的哲學面向。彌爾從人性論的角度出發，假設人對權力有高度的欲求，反映在政治上就會產生壓制他人的情形。此外，彌爾也假定人性具有可變異的特質，這是由於人具有觀念聯想的能力。他認為透過教育，可以將人性當中想要壓制他人的傾向導向為整體社群謀求利益，這個寄望便放在菁英的身上。唯有透過菁英，才能夠追求最大多數人的最大幸福。
第三章把焦點放在彌爾的政治理論面向。彌爾的政治關懷的起點在於批判已經無法保障人民的英國憲政傳統。彌爾認為保障人民的權利才是政府的目的。在彌爾理想的代議政府當中，人民具備選舉權可以牽制代表的行動。另一方面，由於代表是受過量好教育的菁英，因此必能以公共利益作為政治行動的主要考量。唯有透過代議政府，才能夠使統治者和被統治者的利益一致，進而保障人民的權利。
第四章把彌爾與邊沁及約翰彌爾進行理論上的比較。指出邊沁似乎沒有像彌爾那樣強調菁英在代議政府當中所扮演的關鍵角色。至於約翰彌爾，則比彌爾更強調，透過政治參與的過程來達成教育人民的效果，以提升整體民主的品質。
第五章將指出彌爾的政治思想在當代意義當中的貢獻。		zh_TW
dc.description.tableofcontents 第一章 緒　論 1
第一節　研究背景 1
第二節　彌爾生平及著作 3
第三節　文獻檢閱與問題意識的提出 6
第四節　章節安排 16

第二章　人性論與教育 18
第一節 功利主義的基本假設 18
第二節 彌爾的道德理論 25
第三節 從人性論出發的政治科學 33
第四節 人類的可完善性與教育 41

第三章 代議政府理論 53
第一節　打破「邪惡利益」 54
第二節　權利的保障 62
第三節 議會改革與中間階層 72
第四節 代表的理論 81

第四章　民主理論——與邊沁及約翰彌爾的比較 94
第一節　邊沁的民主理論 94
第二節　約翰彌爾的民主理論 103

第五章　結　論 111

參考文獻 115		zh_TW
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dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0922520091en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 彌爾zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 功利主義zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 代議政府zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 民主zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 教育zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Millen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Utilitarianismen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) representative govermenten_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) democracyen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) educationen_US
dc.title (題名) 菁英、教育與代議政府：詹姆士彌爾政治思想之研究zh_TW
dc.title (題名) Elite, Education and Representative Government: James Mill`s Political Thoughten_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 一、 一手著作zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 詹姆士彌爾的著作zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) 1966 James Mill: Selected Economic Writings. Chicago: the University of Chicago Press.（簡稱SEW）zh_TW
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