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題名 漢語動結式中的中心語與論元體現
Headedness and argument realization in mandarin resultative compounds
作者 吳郁賢
Wu, Yu Hsien
貢獻者 何萬順
Her, One Soon
吳郁賢
Wu, Yu Hsien
關鍵詞 動結式
中心語
論元體現
論元結構
詞彙映照理論
處所詞倒置
resultative compounds
headedness
argument realization
argument structure
Lexical Mapping Theory
locative inversion
日期 2009
上傳時間 9-Dec-2010 12:32:40 (UTC+8)
摘要 有關漢語動結式的議題,中心語與論元體現皆呈現了複雜的現象。就中心語這部份,過去研究(Cheng & Huang, 1994; Gu, 1992; Huang & Lin, 1992; Y. Li, 1990, 1993, 1995, 1999; C. Li, 2008, 2009; Shen, 1992; Tai, 2003)的論點相當分歧,顯示漢語動結式中心語的位置仍有討論的空間;至於論元體現方面,由於論元與詞類間的互動會帶出許多不同的語意和句法表現,而先前的研究(Her, 2004, 2007; Li, 1990, 1995)尚未足以完整的解釋這些情形。
本研究主要從詞彙的角度來探討中心語和論元體現這兩個議題。首先,依照Her (2004, 2007)的分析方式,本研究嘗試排列出漢語動結式合法的論元結構,並利用這些論元結構描述各個動結式的論元體現,解釋可能的語意及句法結構。接著,同樣根據所提出的合法論元結構,以顯現的論元為主,並採用有關判斷中心語的假設(Zwicky, 1984; Y. Li, 1990, 1995; Chung, 2006; C. Li, 2008, 2009),整理出漢語動結式中心語的位置。最後,詞彙功能語法中的詞彙映照理論驗證了本研究前半部分對論元體現與中心語的討論,這個理論也另外解釋漢語動結式處所詞倒置的現象。
Two issues regarding Mandarin resultative compounds, headedness and argument realization, present a complex phenomenon. For one thing, extensive studies (Cheng & Huang, 1994; Gu, 1992; Huang & Lin, 1992; Y. Li, 1990, 1993, 1995, 1999; C. Li, 2008, 2009; Shen, 1992; Tai, 2003) concerning headedness fail to critically determine the head of a Mandarin resultative compound. For another, despite previous research (Her, 2004, 2007; Li, 1990, 1995), the interaction between arguments and grammatical functions of Mandarin resultative compounds remains inconclusive.
To settle the foregoing matters, the purpose of this thesis is to probe into argument realization and headedness from a lexicalist approach, aiming to provide a full account of both issues. In the first part of this thesis, following Her’s (2004, 2007) analysis, the thesis focuses on formulating systematic feasible argument structures for Mandarin resultative compounds, then examining the argument structures of a resultative compound to explain its possible readings and syntactic representations. Based on the available argument structures proposed in the first half, the second part of the thesis investigates the headedness of Mandarin resultative compounds, suggesting that the head can be determined when arguments are overt. The criterion for headedness that is adopted in this thesis involves assumptions proposed by Zwicky (1984), Y. Li (1990, 1995), Chung (2006), and C. Li (2008, 2009). Finally, the thesis demonstrates that both issues of argument realization and headedness are well governed by Lexical Mapping Theory and that Lexical Mapping Theory further clarifies constructions with locative inversion of Mandarin resultative compounds.
參考文獻 Babby, L. (1989). Subjectlessness, external subcategorization, and the projection principle. Zbornik Matice srpske za filologiju I lingvistiku, 32, 7-40.
Baker, M. (1988). Incorporation. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Bresnan, J. (1995). Lexicality and argument structure. Paper presented at Paris Syntax and Semantics Conference, October 12, 1995. Retrieved from http://www.stanford.edu/~bresnan/paris.pdf
Bresnan, J., & Kanerva, J. (1989). Locative inversion in Chichewa: a case study of factorization in grammar. Linguistic Inquiry, 20, 1-50.
Bresnan, J., & Kanerva, J. (1992). The thematic hierarchy and locative inversion in UG: A reply to Schachter’s comments. Syntax and Semantics: Syntax and the Lexicon (pp. 111-125), New York: Academic Press.
Carrier-Duncan, J. (1985). Linking of thematic roles in derivational word formation. Linguistic Inquiry, 16, 1-34.
Carrier, J., & Randall, J. (1992). The argument structure and syntactic structure of resultatives. Linguistic Inquiry, 23, 173-234.
Chang, C. H.-H. (1998). V-V compounds in Mandarin Chinese: Argument structures and semantics. In J. L. Packard (Ed.), New Approaches to Chinese Word Formation: Morphology, Phonology, and the Lexicon in Modern and Ancient Chinese (pp. 77-101). Berlin & New York: Mouton de Gruyter.
Cheng, L.-S.L., & Huang, C.-T.J. (1994). On the argument structure of resultative compounds, in honor of William S.-Y. Wang. In M. Chen and O. Tzeng (Eds.), Interdisciplinary Studies on Language and Language Change (pp. 187-221). Taipei: Pyramid Press.
Chung, K. S. (2006). Mandarin Compound Verbs. Taipei: Crane Publishing Co.
Dalrymple, M. (2001). Lexical Functional Grammar. New York, NY: Academic Press.
Dowty, D. (1991). Thematic proto-roles and argument selection. Language, 67(3), 547-619.
Falk, Y. (2001). Lexical-Functional Grammar: An Introduction to Parallel Constraint-Based Syntax. Stanford, CA: CSLI Publications.
Goldberg, A. & Jackendoff, R. (2004). The English resultative as a family of constructions. Language, 80(3), 532-568.
Grimshaw, J. (1990). Argument Structure. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Gu, Y. (1992). The Syntax of Resultative and Causative Compounds in Chinese. Doctoral dissertation, Cornell University.
Her, O.-S. (1997). Interaction and Variation in the Chinese VO Construction. Taipei: Crane Publishing.
Her, O.-S. (2003). Chinese inversion constructions within a simplified LMT. In: Bodomo, A., Luke, K. (Eds.), Lexical-Functional Grammar Analysis of Chinese, Journal of Chinese Linguistics Monograph, No. 19.
Her, O.-S. (2004). Argument-function linking in resultatives. Concentric: Studies in Linguistics, 30(2), 1-34.
Her, O.-S. (2006). Justifying part-of-speech assignments for Mandarin gei. Lingua, 116, 1274-1302.
Her, O.-S. (2007). Argument-function mismatches in Mandarin resultatives: A lexical mapping account. Lingua, 117, 221-246.
Higginbotham, J. (1985). On semantics. Linguistic Inquiry, 16, 547-593.
Hopper, P. & Thompson, S. (1980). Transitivity in grammar and discourse. Langauge, 56(2), 251-299.
Huang, C.-R., & Lin, F.-W. (1992). Composite event structure and complex predicates: a template-based approach to argument selection. In: Proceedings of the Third Annual Meeting of the Formal Linguistics Society of Mid-America, Indiana University Linguistics Club, Bloomington, Indianan, pp. 90-108.
Huang, C.-T.J. (2006). Resultatives and unaccusatives: A parametric view. In Bulletin of Chinese Linguistic Society of Japan, 253, 1-43. Retrieved from http://dash.harvard.edu/bitstream/handle/1/3353765/Huang_Resultatives.pdf?sequence=2
Huang, C.-T.J., Li, Y.-H.A, & Li, Y. (2009). The Syntax of Chinese. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Huang, H.-T., & Her, O.-S. (1998). Locative inversion: English, Chinese and Universal Gammer. In S.-F. Huang (Ed.), Selected Papers from the Second International Symposium on Language in Taiwan (pp. 287-304). Taipei: Crane Publishing.
Jackendoff, R. (1972). Semantic Interpretation in Generative Grammar, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Jackendoff, R. (1990). Semantic Structure, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Levin, B., & Rappaport Hovav, M. (1995). Unaccusativity: at the syntax-lexical semantics interface. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Li, C.N., & Thompson, S.A. (1981). Mandarin Chinese: a functional reference grammar. Berkeley: University of California Press.
Li, C. (2008). On the “scare reading” of resultatives. Language Sciences, 31(4), 389-408.
Li, C. (2009). On the headedness of Mandarin resultative verb compounds. Concentric: Studies in Linguistics, 35(1), 27-63.
Li, Y. (1990). On V-V compounds in Chinese. Natural Language and Linguistic Theory, 8, 177-207.
Li, Y. (1993). Structural head and aspectuality. Language, 69, 480-504.
Li, Y. (1995). The thematic hierarchy and causativity. Natural Language and Linguistic Theory, 13, 255-282.
Lin, P.-S. (2007). Interpretational ambiguity in Chinese resultative constructions. MA thesis, University College London.
McCloskey, J. (1999). On the distribution of subject properties in Irish. Paper presented at the Workshop on Grammatical Functions, University of Illinois, July, 1999.
Packard, J. (2000). The Morphology of Chinese: A Linguistic and Cognitive Approach. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Randall, J. (2010). Linking: The geometry of argument structure. [Adobe Digital Editions Version]. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4020-8308-2
Shen, L. (1992). Guanyu hanyu jieguo fuhe dongci zhong canxiang jiegou de wenti [On the argument structure of resultative compounds in Chinese]. MS thesis, Kyoto University.
Shibagaki, R. (2009). Affected Roles and Linking in Mandarin Resultatives. In J. Brooke et al. (Eds.), Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on East Asian Linguistics. Simon Fraser University Working Papers in Linguistics 2: http://www.sfu.ca/gradlings/wp_2.html
Simpson, J. (1991). Warlpiri Morpho-syntax: A Lexicalist Approach. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers.
Tai, J.H.-Y. (2003). Cognitive relativism: Resultative construction in Chinese. Language and Linguistics, 4, 301-316.
Thompson, S. (1973). Resultative verb compounds in Mandarin Chinese: A case for lexical rules. Language, 49(2), 361-379.
Zwicky, A. (1984). Heads. Journal of Linguistics, 21, 1-29.
描述 碩士
國立政治大學
語言學研究所
95555002
98
資料來源 http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0095555002
資料類型 thesis
dc.contributor.advisor 何萬順zh_TW
dc.contributor.advisor Her, One Soonen_US
dc.contributor.author (Authors) 吳郁賢zh_TW
dc.contributor.author (Authors) Wu, Yu Hsienen_US
dc.creator (作者) 吳郁賢zh_TW
dc.creator (作者) Wu, Yu Hsienen_US
dc.date (日期) 2009en_US
dc.date.accessioned 9-Dec-2010 12:32:40 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.available 9-Dec-2010 12:32:40 (UTC+8)-
dc.date.issued (上傳時間) 9-Dec-2010 12:32:40 (UTC+8)-
dc.identifier (Other Identifiers) G0095555002en_US
dc.identifier.uri (URI) http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/49897-
dc.description (描述) 碩士zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 國立政治大學zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 語言學研究所zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 95555002zh_TW
dc.description (描述) 98zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) 有關漢語動結式的議題,中心語與論元體現皆呈現了複雜的現象。就中心語這部份,過去研究(Cheng & Huang, 1994; Gu, 1992; Huang & Lin, 1992; Y. Li, 1990, 1993, 1995, 1999; C. Li, 2008, 2009; Shen, 1992; Tai, 2003)的論點相當分歧,顯示漢語動結式中心語的位置仍有討論的空間;至於論元體現方面,由於論元與詞類間的互動會帶出許多不同的語意和句法表現,而先前的研究(Her, 2004, 2007; Li, 1990, 1995)尚未足以完整的解釋這些情形。
本研究主要從詞彙的角度來探討中心語和論元體現這兩個議題。首先,依照Her (2004, 2007)的分析方式,本研究嘗試排列出漢語動結式合法的論元結構,並利用這些論元結構描述各個動結式的論元體現,解釋可能的語意及句法結構。接著,同樣根據所提出的合法論元結構,以顯現的論元為主,並採用有關判斷中心語的假設(Zwicky, 1984; Y. Li, 1990, 1995; Chung, 2006; C. Li, 2008, 2009),整理出漢語動結式中心語的位置。最後,詞彙功能語法中的詞彙映照理論驗證了本研究前半部分對論元體現與中心語的討論,這個理論也另外解釋漢語動結式處所詞倒置的現象。
zh_TW
dc.description.abstract (摘要) Two issues regarding Mandarin resultative compounds, headedness and argument realization, present a complex phenomenon. For one thing, extensive studies (Cheng & Huang, 1994; Gu, 1992; Huang & Lin, 1992; Y. Li, 1990, 1993, 1995, 1999; C. Li, 2008, 2009; Shen, 1992; Tai, 2003) concerning headedness fail to critically determine the head of a Mandarin resultative compound. For another, despite previous research (Her, 2004, 2007; Li, 1990, 1995), the interaction between arguments and grammatical functions of Mandarin resultative compounds remains inconclusive.
To settle the foregoing matters, the purpose of this thesis is to probe into argument realization and headedness from a lexicalist approach, aiming to provide a full account of both issues. In the first part of this thesis, following Her’s (2004, 2007) analysis, the thesis focuses on formulating systematic feasible argument structures for Mandarin resultative compounds, then examining the argument structures of a resultative compound to explain its possible readings and syntactic representations. Based on the available argument structures proposed in the first half, the second part of the thesis investigates the headedness of Mandarin resultative compounds, suggesting that the head can be determined when arguments are overt. The criterion for headedness that is adopted in this thesis involves assumptions proposed by Zwicky (1984), Y. Li (1990, 1995), Chung (2006), and C. Li (2008, 2009). Finally, the thesis demonstrates that both issues of argument realization and headedness are well governed by Lexical Mapping Theory and that Lexical Mapping Theory further clarifies constructions with locative inversion of Mandarin resultative compounds.
en_US
dc.description.tableofcontents Acknowledgements iv
Chinese Abstract viii
English Abstract x
Chapter
1. Introduction 1
2. Literature Review 5
2.1 Characteristics and Classifications 5
2.2 Argument Realization 9
2.2.1 Li’s Analysis (1990, 1995) 9
2.2.2 Her’s Analysis (2004, 2007) 15
3. Formulating Argument Structures and Argument Realization 23
3.1 The Linking of Composing Roles 23
3.2 Suppression in a Composite Role 27
3.3 Causativity Distribution 29
3.4 Argument-Function Mapping 31
3.4.1 Transitive-Transitive Verb Compounds 32
3.4.2 Transitive-Intransitive Verb Compounds 36
3.4.3 Intransitive-Transitive Verb Compounds 39
3.4.4 Intransitive-Intransitive Verb Compounds 40
4. Headedness 43
4.1 V1 as Head 43
4.1.1 Li’s Analysis (1990, 1993, 1995, 1999) 43
4.1.2 Cheng and Huang’s Analysis (1994) 45
4.2 V2 as Head 48
4.2.1 Shen’s Analysis (1992) 48
4.2.2 Tai’s Analysis (2003) 50
4.3 Double-headedness 53
4.3.1 Gu’s Analysis (1992) 53
4.4 Headlessness 54
4.4.1 Huang and Lin’s Analysis (1992) 55
4.4.2 Li’s Analysis (2008, 2009) 59
4.5 An Alternative of Determining Headedness 61
5. Argument Realization and Headedness in Lexical Mapping Theory 71
5.1 Lexical Mapping Theory 71
5.2 The Application 75
5.3 Locative Inversion in Resultative Constructions 89
6. Conclusion 95
References 97
zh_TW
dc.format.extent 493928 bytes-
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf-
dc.language.iso en_US-
dc.source.uri (資料來源) http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0095555002en_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 動結式zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 中心語zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 論元體現zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 論元結構zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 詞彙映照理論zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) 處所詞倒置zh_TW
dc.subject (關鍵詞) resultative compoundsen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) headednessen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) argument realizationen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) argument structureen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) Lexical Mapping Theoryen_US
dc.subject (關鍵詞) locative inversionen_US
dc.title (題名) 漢語動結式中的中心語與論元體現zh_TW
dc.title (題名) Headedness and argument realization in mandarin resultative compoundsen_US
dc.type (資料類型) thesisen
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Babby, L. (1989). Subjectlessness, external subcategorization, and the projection principle. Zbornik Matice srpske za filologiju I lingvistiku, 32, 7-40.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Baker, M. (1988). Incorporation. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Bresnan, J. (1995). Lexicality and argument structure. Paper presented at Paris Syntax and Semantics Conference, October 12, 1995. Retrieved from http://www.stanford.edu/~bresnan/paris.pdfzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Bresnan, J., & Kanerva, J. (1989). Locative inversion in Chichewa: a case study of factorization in grammar. Linguistic Inquiry, 20, 1-50.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Bresnan, J., & Kanerva, J. (1992). The thematic hierarchy and locative inversion in UG: A reply to Schachter’s comments. Syntax and Semantics: Syntax and the Lexicon (pp. 111-125), New York: Academic Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Carrier-Duncan, J. (1985). Linking of thematic roles in derivational word formation. Linguistic Inquiry, 16, 1-34.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Carrier, J., & Randall, J. (1992). The argument structure and syntactic structure of resultatives. Linguistic Inquiry, 23, 173-234.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Chang, C. H.-H. (1998). V-V compounds in Mandarin Chinese: Argument structures and semantics. In J. L. Packard (Ed.), New Approaches to Chinese Word Formation: Morphology, Phonology, and the Lexicon in Modern and Ancient Chinese (pp. 77-101). Berlin & New York: Mouton de Gruyter.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Cheng, L.-S.L., & Huang, C.-T.J. (1994). On the argument structure of resultative compounds, in honor of William S.-Y. Wang. In M. Chen and O. Tzeng (Eds.), Interdisciplinary Studies on Language and Language Change (pp. 187-221). Taipei: Pyramid Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Chung, K. S. (2006). Mandarin Compound Verbs. Taipei: Crane Publishing Co.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Dalrymple, M. (2001). Lexical Functional Grammar. New York, NY: Academic Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Dowty, D. (1991). Thematic proto-roles and argument selection. Language, 67(3), 547-619.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Falk, Y. (2001). Lexical-Functional Grammar: An Introduction to Parallel Constraint-Based Syntax. Stanford, CA: CSLI Publications.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Goldberg, A. & Jackendoff, R. (2004). The English resultative as a family of constructions. Language, 80(3), 532-568.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Grimshaw, J. (1990). Argument Structure. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Gu, Y. (1992). The Syntax of Resultative and Causative Compounds in Chinese. Doctoral dissertation, Cornell University.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Her, O.-S. (1997). Interaction and Variation in the Chinese VO Construction. Taipei: Crane Publishing.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Her, O.-S. (2003). Chinese inversion constructions within a simplified LMT. In: Bodomo, A., Luke, K. (Eds.), Lexical-Functional Grammar Analysis of Chinese, Journal of Chinese Linguistics Monograph, No. 19.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Her, O.-S. (2004). Argument-function linking in resultatives. Concentric: Studies in Linguistics, 30(2), 1-34.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Her, O.-S. (2006). Justifying part-of-speech assignments for Mandarin gei. Lingua, 116, 1274-1302.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Her, O.-S. (2007). Argument-function mismatches in Mandarin resultatives: A lexical mapping account. Lingua, 117, 221-246.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Higginbotham, J. (1985). On semantics. Linguistic Inquiry, 16, 547-593.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Hopper, P. & Thompson, S. (1980). Transitivity in grammar and discourse. Langauge, 56(2), 251-299.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Huang, C.-R., & Lin, F.-W. (1992). Composite event structure and complex predicates: a template-based approach to argument selection. In: Proceedings of the Third Annual Meeting of the Formal Linguistics Society of Mid-America, Indiana University Linguistics Club, Bloomington, Indianan, pp. 90-108.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Huang, C.-T.J. (2006). Resultatives and unaccusatives: A parametric view. In Bulletin of Chinese Linguistic Society of Japan, 253, 1-43. Retrieved from http://dash.harvard.edu/bitstream/handle/1/3353765/Huang_Resultatives.pdf?sequence=2zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Huang, C.-T.J., Li, Y.-H.A, & Li, Y. (2009). The Syntax of Chinese. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Huang, H.-T., & Her, O.-S. (1998). Locative inversion: English, Chinese and Universal Gammer. In S.-F. Huang (Ed.), Selected Papers from the Second International Symposium on Language in Taiwan (pp. 287-304). Taipei: Crane Publishing.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Jackendoff, R. (1972). Semantic Interpretation in Generative Grammar, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Jackendoff, R. (1990). Semantic Structure, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Levin, B., & Rappaport Hovav, M. (1995). Unaccusativity: at the syntax-lexical semantics interface. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Li, C.N., & Thompson, S.A. (1981). Mandarin Chinese: a functional reference grammar. Berkeley: University of California Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Li, C. (2008). On the “scare reading” of resultatives. Language Sciences, 31(4), 389-408.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Li, C. (2009). On the headedness of Mandarin resultative verb compounds. Concentric: Studies in Linguistics, 35(1), 27-63.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Li, Y. (1990). On V-V compounds in Chinese. Natural Language and Linguistic Theory, 8, 177-207.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Li, Y. (1993). Structural head and aspectuality. Language, 69, 480-504.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Li, Y. (1995). The thematic hierarchy and causativity. Natural Language and Linguistic Theory, 13, 255-282.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Lin, P.-S. (2007). Interpretational ambiguity in Chinese resultative constructions. MA thesis, University College London.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) McCloskey, J. (1999). On the distribution of subject properties in Irish. Paper presented at the Workshop on Grammatical Functions, University of Illinois, July, 1999.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Packard, J. (2000). The Morphology of Chinese: A Linguistic and Cognitive Approach. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Randall, J. (2010). Linking: The geometry of argument structure. [Adobe Digital Editions Version]. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4020-8308-2zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Shen, L. (1992). Guanyu hanyu jieguo fuhe dongci zhong canxiang jiegou de wenti [On the argument structure of resultative compounds in Chinese]. MS thesis, Kyoto University.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Shibagaki, R. (2009). Affected Roles and Linking in Mandarin Resultatives. In J. Brooke et al. (Eds.), Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on East Asian Linguistics. Simon Fraser University Working Papers in Linguistics 2: http://www.sfu.ca/gradlings/wp_2.htmlzh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Simpson, J. (1991). Warlpiri Morpho-syntax: A Lexicalist Approach. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Tai, J.H.-Y. (2003). Cognitive relativism: Resultative construction in Chinese. Language and Linguistics, 4, 301-316.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Thompson, S. (1973). Resultative verb compounds in Mandarin Chinese: A case for lexical rules. Language, 49(2), 361-379.zh_TW
dc.relation.reference (參考文獻) Zwicky, A. (1984). Heads. Journal of Linguistics, 21, 1-29.zh_TW